CN109301486B - Single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency-band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication - Google Patents
Single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency-band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication, which comprises a radiation patch, a coaxial probe, a coaxial line interface, a metal floor and a dielectric plate, wherein the radiation patch is arranged on the metal floor; the coaxial probe penetrates through the dielectric plate to be connected to the radiation patch, a small round surface is dug out on the metal floor, and a coaxial interface is formed between the coaxial probe and the coaxial probe. The invention adopts the radiation unit with a new structure, and realizes the cross-frequency band dual-frequency radiation with the two frequencies different by 20GHz. The two radiation frequencies generated by the prior single-chip dual-frequency patch antenna are relatively close, and two separated patches are adopted to generate the resonant frequencies with relatively far distance, so that multiple layers of media are needed, and a complex feed network is used, which greatly influences the miniaturization, high efficiency and low cost of the array antenna required by the 5G base station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave and millimeter wave communication, in particular to a single-layer patch type microwave and millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-polarized radiating unit for 5G mobile communication.
Background
Mobile terminals have been developed from mobile multimedia terminals having only a call function to mobile multimedia terminals having a plurality of functions in the past, so that people can enjoy the bonus brought by technological progress. With the progress and development of the age, mobile life gradually takes the dominant role in the life of people, and the network services such as mobile entertainment, electronic banking, electronic medical treatment and the like are developed so as to enable the mobile and wireless communication traffic to be developed in an explosive manner. In addition, the coming of the internet of things and the virtual reality concept enables future character interactions to be connected with objects, so that billions of mobile internet devices are induced, the information demand is rapidly increased, and a more efficient, low-time-delay and safe mobile communication network is required. The current mobile communication technology faces the problems of shortage of spectrum resources, limited system capacity and the like, and the requirements of future mobile interconnection are far from being met. Therefore, the development of the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication technology has raised a schedule. The main goal of such 5G communication is to provide high quality audio, video and data services to high data rate users over wireless fidelity networks. These systems require efficient, compact and multi-band MIMO antennas. The microstrip patch antenna, which is a conductive patch mounted above a ground substrate, can be easily mounted on any surface by wire feeding at the edge or back of the conductive patch, realizing the strongest radiation in the normal direction of the patch with almost no side lobes, due to its excellent characteristics of light weight, small volume, low manufacturing cost, and the like. Therefore, patch antennas have become the best choice for MIMO antenna radiating elements.
The 5G system in China needs the working frequencies of different frequency bands of high (more than 24GHz millimeter wave frequency band), medium (3 GHz-6GHz frequency band) and low (less than 3GHz frequency band) so as to meet the requirements of a plurality of key performance indexes such as coverage, capacity, connection number density and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve one or more of the defects, and designs a single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-frequency dual-polarized radiating unit for 5G mobile communication.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
the single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication comprises a radiation patch, a dielectric plate, a metal floor, a coaxial probe I, a coaxial probe II, a coaxial line interface I and a coaxial line interface II; the radiating patch is covered on the upper surface of the dielectric plate, the metal floor is covered on the lower surface of the dielectric plate, the coaxial probe I passes through the dielectric plate and is connected to the radiating patch to form a feed point I, a small round surface is dug out on the metal floor, and a coaxial interface I is formed between the coaxial probe I and the coaxial probe I; the coaxial probe II passes through the dielectric plate and is connected to the radiation patch to form a feed point II, a small round surface is dug out on the metal floor, and a coaxial interface II is formed between the coaxial probe II and the coaxial probe II; the radiation patch comprises a high-frequency patch and a low-frequency patch; the high-frequency patch is positioned at the inner ring of the low-frequency patch, and the high-frequency patch and the low-frequency patch are connected through a plurality of small microstrip branches.
Preferably, the high-frequency patch is a square patch, and the low-frequency patch is a circular square patch; wherein the side length L1 of the high-frequency patch is 3.28mm, the outer side length L2 of the low-frequency patch is 10.54mm, and the inner side length L3 is 4.2mm.
Preferably, the high-frequency patch and the low-frequency patch are connected by adopting small microstrip branches, and the broadband of the small microstrip branches is 0.2mm and the number of the small microstrip branches is 4.
Preferably, the dielectric plate is a PCB dielectric plate, specifically a TP dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a thickness H of 1.5 mm.
Preferably, the first feeding point is arranged in the X direction, the second feeding point is arranged in the Y direction, the first feeding point and the second feeding point can work simultaneously or independently, the first feeding point feeds power to the radiation patches, radiates the linear polarized wave in the X direction, and the second feeding point feeds power to the radiation patches, and radiates the linear polarized wave in the Y direction. The two working frequencies in the invention are linear polarized waves, and can radiate the linear polarized waves with mutually perpendicular polarization directions.
Preferably, the radiation frequency of the radiation unit is 6GHz and 26GHz, and the difference between the high radiation frequency and the low radiation frequency reaches 20GHz.
The antenna of the invention generates two resonance frequency points with the interval of 20GHz, wherein the resonance frequency points work at f=6 GHz and f=26 GHz, the generated resonance frequencies of 6GHz and 26GHz respectively work at a C wave band and a K wave band, and simultaneously, the polarization modes of the two frequencies are linear polarization waves. When feeding from the first 6 pairs of x-direction feeding points of the coaxial line interface, x-direction linear polarized waves are generated, and when feeding from the second 9 pairs of y-direction feeding points of the coaxial line interface, y-direction linear polarized waves are generated, the two linear polarized waves are perpendicular to each other and do not interfere with each other, and the requirement that the 5G system works in a medium-high frequency band can be met. The coaxial probe feeding and double-frequency generating method is simple and easy to process, and the two resonant frequencies can be adjusted by adjusting the side lengths of the inner patch and the outer patch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The double frequency realized by the existing single-chip patch double-frequency microstrip antenna has smaller double-frequency interval difference, and the invention can realize two frequencies on one patch;
2) The prior art realizes the complex feeding mode of the double-frequency microstrip antenna, is not beneficial to large-scale processing, adopts coaxial feeding, has simple processing and manufacturing modes and is convenient for large-scale production;
3) The prior art realizes dual polarization mode by a complex hybrid feed network, and the invention can generate linear polarized waves with mutually perpendicular polarization directions by placing the feed points at mutually perpendicular positions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 (a) is an elevation view of the present invention feeding from the x-direction;
FIG. 1 (b) is a side view of the present invention fed from the y-direction;
FIG. 1 (c) is a side view of the present invention fed from the x-direction;
fig. 2 is a diagram of S11 (f=6 GHz) fed from the x direction provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is an E-plane directional diagram (f=6 GHz) of the feeding from the x direction provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is an H-plane directional diagram (f=6 GHz) of the power feed from the x direction provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a theta=30° cross-section fed from the x-direction (f=6 GHz) provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of S11 (f=26 GHz) fed from the x direction provided by the present invention;
fig. 7 is an E-plane directional diagram (f=26 GHz) of the feeding from the x direction provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is an H-plane directional diagram (f=26 GHz) of the feeding from the x direction provided by the present invention;
fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of theta=30° fed from the x-direction (f=26 GHz) provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent;
the invention is further illustrated in the following figures and examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 (a), fig. 1 (b) and fig. 1 (c), a single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication comprises a radiation patch 1, a dielectric plate 2, a metal floor 3, a coaxial probe one 5, a coaxial probe two 8, a coaxial line interface one 6 and a coaxial line interface two 9; the radiation patch 1 is covered on the upper surface of the dielectric plate 2, the metal floor 3 is covered on the lower surface of the dielectric plate 2, the coaxial probe I5 penetrates through the dielectric plate 2 and is connected to the radiation patch 1 to form a feed point I4, a small round surface is dug out of the metal floor 3, and a coaxial interface I6 is formed between the coaxial probe I and the coaxial probe 5; the coaxial probe II 8 penetrates through the dielectric plate 2 and is connected to the radiation patch 1 to form a feed point II 7, a small round surface is dug out of the metal floor 3, and a coaxial interface II 9 is formed between the coaxial probe II and the coaxial probe II 8; the radiation patch 1 comprises a high-frequency patch and a low-frequency patch; the high-frequency patch is positioned at the inner ring of the low-frequency patch, and the high-frequency patch and the low-frequency patch are connected through a plurality of small microstrip branches.
In this embodiment, the high-frequency patch is a square patch, and the low-frequency patch is a circular square patch; wherein the side length L1 of the high-frequency patch is 3.28mm, the outer side length L2 of the low-frequency patch is 10.54mm, and the inner side length L3 is 4.2mm.
In this embodiment, the high-frequency patch and the low-frequency patch are connected by using small microstrip branches, and the broadband of the small microstrip branches is 0.2mm, and the number of the small microstrip branches is 4n, wherein the small microstrip branches is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
In this embodiment, the dielectric plate 5 is a PCB dielectric plate, specifically a TP dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a thickness H of 1.5 mm.
In this embodiment, the first feeding point 4 is disposed in the X direction, the second feeding point 7 is disposed in the Y direction, the first feeding point 4 and the second feeding point 7 may operate simultaneously or may operate separately, the first feeding point 4 feeds the radiation patch 1 to radiate the X-direction linearly polarized wave, the second feeding point 7 feeds the radiation patch 1 to radiate the Y-direction linearly polarized wave.
In this embodiment, the radiation frequencies of the radiation units are 6GHz and 26GHz, and the difference between the high radiation frequency and the low radiation frequency reaches 20GHz.
In this embodiment, the probe is located at the edge 4 of the inner small square, 1.46mm from the center point of the square patch. The small microstrip branches connected between the two patches feed the annular square, so that good impedance matching can be obtained at a low frequency of 6 GHz.
In general, the size of the substrate is twice that of the patch, so that the radiation patch radiates well, and the direction diagram is relatively good. Whereas the high frequency 26GHz and the low frequency 6GHz differ far, the dimensions of the small square (side 3.28 mm) and the ring square (side 10.54 mm) differ considerably. Therefore, if the size of the substrate is twice that of a square ring (the side length is 20 mm), the pattern of the high-frequency 26GHz is distorted, which is unfavorable for communication.
As a result of the simulation, S11 at f=6 GHz can reach-20 dB, as shown in fig. 2, and the maximum gain of this resonant frequency pattern is 4.65dB, the pattern of the e-plane (xz-plane) cross-sectional direction is shown in fig. 3, the H-plane (yz-plane) pattern is shown in fig. 4, and the theta=30° cross-sectional pattern is shown in fig. 5;
s11 at f=26 GHz can reach-21 dB as shown in fig. 6, and this resonant frequency pattern has a maximum gain of 7.8dB, the pattern of the e-plane (xz-plane) cross-sectional direction is shown in fig. 7, the H-plane (xy-plane) pattern is shown in fig. 8, and the theta=30° cross-sectional pattern is shown in fig. 9. This is the case for feeding in the x-direction, which produces a linear polarization in the x-direction, when the position of the feeding point is placed at the corresponding position in the y-direction, which produces a linear polarization in the y-direction, the radiation pattern being similar to the pattern of feeding in the x-direction.
The invention adopts a single-layer patch with a new structure to realize the cross-frequency-band dual-frequency radiation with the two frequencies different by 20GHz. The two radiation frequencies generated by the prior single-chip dual-frequency patch antenna are relatively close, and two separated patches are adopted to generate a resonant frequency far away, so that multiple layers of media are needed, and a complex feed network is used, which greatly influences the miniaturization, high efficiency and low cost of the array antenna required by the 5G base station.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (3)
1. The single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication is characterized by comprising a radiation patch (1), a dielectric plate (2), a metal floor (3), a first coaxial probe (5), a second coaxial probe (8), a first coaxial interface (6) and a second coaxial interface (9); the radiating patch (1) is covered on the upper surface of the dielectric plate (2), the metal floor (3) is covered on the lower surface of the dielectric plate (2), the coaxial probe I (5) penetrates through the dielectric plate (2) and is connected to the radiating patch (1) to form a feed point I (4), a small round surface is dug out on the metal floor (3), and a coaxial line interface I (6) is formed between the metal floor and the coaxial probe I (5); the coaxial probe II (8) penetrates through the dielectric plate (2) and is connected to the radiation patch (1) to form a feed point II (7), a small round surface is dug out of the metal floor (3), and a coaxial interface II (9) is formed between the coaxial probe II (8) and the feed point II; the radiation patch (1) comprises a high frequency patch and a low frequency patch; the high-frequency patch is positioned at the inner ring of the low-frequency patch, and the high-frequency patch and the low-frequency patch are connected through a plurality of small microstrip branches;
the high-frequency patch is a square patch, and the low-frequency patch is a circular square patch;
the high-frequency patch and the low-frequency patch are connected by adopting small microstrip branches, and the number of the small microstrip branches is 4;
the first feeding point (4) is arranged in the X direction, the second feeding point (7) is arranged in the Y direction, the first feeding point (4) and the second feeding point (7) can work simultaneously or independently, the first feeding point (4) feeds the radiation patch (1) to radiate X-direction linear polarized waves, and the second feeding point (7) feeds the radiation patch (1) to radiate Y-direction linear polarized waves.
2. The single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-band dual-frequency dual-polarized radiating element for 5G mobile communication according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric plate (2) is a low-loss PCB dielectric plate.
3. The single-layer patch type microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency band dual-polarized radiation unit for 5G mobile communication according to claim 1, wherein the radiation frequency of the radiation unit is 6GHz and 26GHz, and the difference between the high radiation frequency and the low radiation frequency reaches 20GHz.
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| CN110247180B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2024-02-06 | 华南理工大学 | Compact type large-frequency-ratio dual-frequency antenna covering sub-6G and 60GHz |
| CN110829006B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-12-29 | 北京理工大学 | Full-polarization antenna for realizing polarization mode switching through frequency scanning and design method |
| CN111048901B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2024-04-09 | 广东工业大学 | Microwave millimeter wave cross-frequency-band dual-frequency dual-polarized microstrip radiating element |
| CN112054289B (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-12-06 | 青岛海信移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Electronic device |
| CN113054425B (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2022-10-14 | 东南大学 | Millimeter wave dual-frequency dual-polarization filtering antenna |
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| CN106785393A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | A kind of double frequency based on plane single pole sub antenna lobe millimeter wave micro-strip antenna wide |
| CN108336491A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 安徽大学 | Dual-band and dual-polarization laminated patch antenna and its design method based on microstrip balun feed |
| CN209104370U (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-07-12 | 广东工业大学 | Across the frequency band double-frequency dual-polarization radiating unit of single layer patch type microwave and millimeter wave for 5G mobile communication |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016127481A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2016-07-11 | 株式会社東芝 | Polarization shared antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102148428A (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2011-08-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所 | Miniature high-gain single-feed-point dual-band dual-polarized microstrip antenna |
| CN106785393A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十研究所 | A kind of double frequency based on plane single pole sub antenna lobe millimeter wave micro-strip antenna wide |
| CN108336491A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-07-27 | 安徽大学 | Dual-band and dual-polarization laminated patch antenna and its design method based on microstrip balun feed |
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