CN115832694B - Waveguide-like integrated antenna - Google Patents
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- CN115832694B CN115832694B CN202310110198.8A CN202310110198A CN115832694B CN 115832694 B CN115832694 B CN 115832694B CN 202310110198 A CN202310110198 A CN 202310110198A CN 115832694 B CN115832694 B CN 115832694B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention provides a waveguide-like integrated antenna, relates to the technical field of electric elements, and solves the technical problems that a side feed mode occupies a large space, is easy to produce adverse effects on a directional diagram and is complex in coaxial-like structure processing in the prior art. The waveguide-like integrated antenna comprises an antenna layer, a coupling transmission layer and a microstrip feed layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein a first dielectric layer is arranged between the antenna layer and the coupling transmission layer, a second dielectric layer is arranged between the coupling transmission layer and the microstrip feed layer, and a guide part for guiding electromagnetic wave transmission is arranged on the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer. The invention adopts the guide part to form the waveguide-like structure, and achieves the waveguide-like transmission effect through the coupling transmission layer, and the vertical feeding mode does not need to additionally arrange a microstrip line for side feeding, does not need to arrange a coaxial-like structure by a blind hole, and does not influence the simultaneous processing of the directional diagram and is simpler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric elements, in particular to a waveguide-like integrated antenna.
Background
With the development of technology, the frequency requirements of devices in microwave millimeter wave frequency bands are continuously improved, and when the traditional microstrip line structure is applied to higher frequencies, the problems of difficult vertical transition and difficult antenna matching are generated.
There are two main types of high frequency antennas in which the current feed layer is not in the same layer as the antenna:
1. and (3) guiding the radio frequency signals of the feed layer to the same layer of the antenna by utilizing vertical transition, and then carrying out side feed on the patch antenna. The antenna feeder is composed of two parts, namely a vertical transition part and a patch antenna, and the two parts are not overlapped in space, so that the occupied space is large. Meanwhile, an extra microstrip line needs to be introduced into the side feed, parasitic radiation can be generated under the high-frequency condition, and the directional diagram of the antenna is adversely affected.
2. The coaxial-like structure is used for vertical transition and feeding, the form is not easy to match under high frequency, and the bandwidth is narrow. And because the coaxial shielding column is of a blind hole structure, the processing complexity and cost of the multilayer PCB are increased.
Therefore, the space occupation of the side feed mode is large, adverse effects on the directional diagram are easily generated, the coaxial-like structure is complex to process, and the like, so that the problem to be solved in the antenna design is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waveguide-like integrated antenna, which solves the technical problems that the space occupation of a side feed mode in the prior art is large, the adverse effect on a directional diagram is easy to generate, and the processing of a coaxial-like structure is complex. The preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions provided by the present invention can produce a plurality of technical effects described below.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the waveguide-like integrated antenna comprises an antenna layer, a coupling transmission layer and a microstrip feed layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein a first dielectric layer is arranged between the antenna layer and the coupling transmission layer, a second dielectric layer is arranged between the coupling transmission layer and the microstrip feed layer, and guide parts for guiding electromagnetic wave transmission are arranged on the first dielectric layer and the second dielectric layer.
Preferably, the antenna layer includes a patch antenna and a first copper-clad layer, the first copper-clad layer and the patch antenna are both disposed on the first dielectric layer, the first copper-clad layer is annular, and the patch antenna is disposed in a first annular space of the first copper-clad layer.
Preferably, the coupling transmission layer comprises a coupling patch and a second copper-clad layer, the coupling patch and the second copper-clad layer are both arranged on the second dielectric layer, the second copper-clad layer is annular, and the coupling patch is arranged in a second annular space of the second copper-clad layer.
Preferably, the microstrip feed layer includes a microstrip line and a third copper-clad layer, the third copper-clad layer and the microstrip line are both disposed on an end surface of the second dielectric layer, which is away from the coupling transmission layer, an accommodating space is disposed in the middle of the third copper-clad layer, and the microstrip line is disposed in the accommodating space.
Preferably, the accommodation space, the second annular space and the first annular space are correspondingly arranged on the same axis.
Preferably, the device further comprises a fourth copper-clad layer and a third dielectric layer, wherein the third dielectric layer is arranged between the first dielectric layer and the coupling transmission layer, the fourth copper-clad layer is arranged between the third dielectric layer and the first dielectric layer, the fourth copper-clad layer is of an annular structure with a third annular space in the middle, the second annular space and the third annular space are correspondingly arranged on the same axis, and the guide part is arranged on the third dielectric layer.
Preferably, the guide portion is a metallized via hole, and a plurality of metallized via holes are annularly arranged on the first dielectric layer, the second dielectric layer and the third dielectric layer.
Preferably, the guide is designed integrally with the copper coating.
The application adopts the technical scheme, possesses following beneficial effect at least:
the mode that this application adopted antenna layer, coupling transmission layer and microstrip feed layer to form class waveguide transmission effect through guiding portion, so guide the guiding of the electromagnetic wave of microstrip feed layer department through coupling transmission layer and guiding layer, guide to antenna layer department and form the radiation at the antenna layer, the feed mode of this kind of structure compares in the mode that sets up the side microstrip line, and this kind of side is arranged about not needing the lateral wall to set up separately and occupation space, the condition that this side microstrip line influences the pattern also can not appear simultaneously, and this kind of mode also does not need the blind hole to set up class coaxial structure, reduces the processing degree of difficulty.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a waveguide-like integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of a waveguide-like integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of simulation of return loss of a waveguide-like integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gain simulation curve of a waveguide-like integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the azimuth plane direction of the waveguide-like integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pitch direction of a waveguide-like integrated antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure 1, an antenna layer; 2. coupling the transmission layer; 3. a microstrip feed layer; 4. a first dielectric layer; 5. a second dielectric layer; 6. a guide part; 7. a patch antenna; 8. a first copper coating; 9. a first annular space; 10. a coupling patch; 11. a second copper coating; 12. a second annular space; 13. a microstrip line; 14. thirdly, copper coating; 15. an accommodation space; 16. fourth copper coating; 17. a third dielectric layer; 18. and a third annular space.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
The embodiment of the invention provides a waveguide-like integrated antenna, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, mainly comprising an antenna layer 1, a coupling transmission layer 2 and a microstrip feed layer 3, wherein the antenna layer 1, the coupling transmission layer 2 and the microstrip feed layer 3 are sequentially stacked, and in order to realize fixation between three layers, a first medium layer 4 and a second medium layer 5 are required to be arranged, a first medium layer 4 is arranged between the antenna layer 1 and the coupling transmission layer 2, the antenna layer 1 is arranged on the first medium layer 4, the coupling transmission layer 2 is arranged between the first medium layer 4 and the second medium layer 5, a second medium layer 5 is arranged between the coupling transmission layer 2 and the microstrip feed layer 3 is arranged on the end surface of the second medium layer 5 far away from the coupling transmission layer 2, and meanwhile, a guide part 6 for guiding and transmitting electromagnetic waves at the feed layer 3 to the coupling transmission layer 2 is required to form a waveguide-like structure, the coupling transmission layer 2 plays a role of guiding electromagnetic waves, and the electromagnetic waves are transmitted to the antenna layer 1 by coupling. The mode does not need to additionally arrange a side microstrip line for side feeding, so that the problems of occupied space and adverse effect on a directional diagram caused by arrangement of the side microstrip line are avoided, and meanwhile, compared with a mode with a coaxial-like structure feeding, the integrated vertical transition structure does not need to arrange blind holes, so that the process is complex.
In the embodiment of the application, the antenna layer 1 includes a patch antenna 7 and a first copper-clad layer 8, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, where the first copper-clad layer 8 and the patch antenna 7 are both disposed on the first dielectric layer 4, and the first copper-clad layer 8 is in a ring structure, and the patch antenna 7 is disposed in a first annular space 9 of the first copper-clad layer 8, and the patch antenna 7 is a common patch antenna on the market at present, which is not repeated.
The coupling transmission layer 2 of this application includes coupling paster 10 and second and covers copper 11, coupling paster 10 and second cover copper 11 all set up on second dielectric layer 5, in fact, this coupling paster 10 and second cover copper 11 and set up in the intermediate layer between first dielectric layer 4, the second covers copper 11 and covers copper 8 the same also and be annular with first, coupling paster 10 sets up in second annular space 12 that copper 11 covers the second, coupling paster 10 can be the cubic of copper material, leave the space of hoop between coupling paster 10 and the second and cover copper 11, this kind of structure can couple the electromagnetic wave that the microstrip feed layer 3 department produced and transmit towards antenna layer 1 direction.
The microstrip feed layer 3 in this application includes microstrip line 13 and third copper-clad 14, third copper-clad 14 and microstrip line 13 all set up on the terminal surface that second dielectric layer 5 deviates from coupling transmission layer 2, the third copper-clad 14 middle part has accommodation space 15, microstrip line 13 sets up in accommodation space 15, microstrip line 13 can produce the electromagnetic wave, wherein accommodation space 15, second annular space 12 and first annular space 9 correspond the setting on the same axis, after the multilayer structure stacks up together, the passageway that metal wall face shape passageway or dense metal cylinder that sets up formed can guide the directional transmission of electromagnetic wave, for this application guide 6 adopts the material the same as covering copper material, the material adopts copper, and the electromagnetic wave can be smooth pass the dielectric layer, the material that the dielectric layer adopts usually PCB board (for example paper base, glass fiber cloth base, compound base, lamination multilayer board base and special material base etc.), through guide 6, first copper-clad 8 and second copper-clad 11 form the class transmission structure of a vertical direction (direction in 1), this annular space 12 will be limited by this kind of annular space 12 and the vertical transmission structure of electromagnetic wave in annular space.
According to the actual situation, the overall shape of the waveguide-like integrated antenna in the application can be square column shape or cylindrical shape, and the number of the coupling transmission layers 2 can be two or more than two.
In this application, a fourth copper-clad layer 16 and a third dielectric layer 17 may be further disposed, as shown in fig. 2, where the third dielectric layer 17 is disposed between the first dielectric layer 4 and the coupling transmission layer 2, the fourth copper-clad layer 16 is disposed between the third dielectric layer 17 and the first dielectric layer 4, the fourth copper-clad layer 16 is the same as the first copper-clad layer 8 and the second copper-clad layer 11, or may be an annular structure with a third annular space 18 in the middle, the second annular space 12 and the third annular space 18 are disposed correspondingly on the same axis, and the guide portion 6 is also disposed on the third dielectric layer 17.
It should be noted that, the guiding portion 6 in the present application may be a metallized via hole, the metallized via hole is a metal cylindrical structure, the material of the metallized via hole may be copper, specifically, a plurality of metallized via holes may be annularly arranged on the first dielectric layer 4, the second dielectric layer 5 and the third dielectric layer 17, the manner of arranging the via holes on the dielectric layer is favorable for actual processing, small annular small holes with smaller punching intervals are punched on the board, the metallized via holes are arranged in the small holes, the formed annular shape of the metallized via holes is slightly larger than the annular space on the copper, so that the copper can be connected with the metallized via hole when the copper is covered on the dielectric layer.
As shown in the accompanying figure 3, the return loss simulation result of the waveguide-like integrated antenna provided by the application shows that the center frequency of the waveguide-like integrated antenna is 60GHz, the impedance bandwidth of 10dB is 57.86 GHz-62.24 GHz, and the absolute bandwidth is 4.38GHz.
As shown in the gain simulation result of FIG. 4, the gain in the impedance band broadband of the waveguide-like integrated antenna provided by the invention reaches 7.33dBi to 7.44dBi.
The azimuth plane direction diagram of the waveguide-like integrated antenna is shown in fig. 5, and the elevation plane direction diagram of the waveguide-like integrated antenna is shown in fig. 6.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The waveguide-like integrated antenna is characterized by comprising an antenna layer (1), a coupling transmission layer (2) and a microstrip feed layer (3) which are sequentially stacked, wherein a first dielectric layer (4) is arranged between the antenna layer (1) and the coupling transmission layer (2), a second dielectric layer (5) is arranged between the coupling transmission layer (2) and the microstrip feed layer (3), and a guide part (6) for guiding electromagnetic wave transmission is arranged on the first dielectric layer (4) and the second dielectric layer (5);
the coupling transmission layer (2) comprises a coupling patch (10) and a second copper-clad layer (11), wherein the coupling patch (10) and the second copper-clad layer (11) are both arranged on the second dielectric layer (5), the second copper-clad layer (11) is annular, the coupling patch (10) is arranged in a second annular space (12) of the second copper-clad layer (11), and the shape presented by the second annular space (12) is inconsistent with the shape presented by the coupling patch (10).
2. Waveguide-like integrated antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the antenna layer (1) comprises a patch antenna (7) and a first copper (8), the first copper (8) and the patch antenna (7) are both arranged on the first dielectric layer (4), the first copper (8) is ring-shaped, and the patch antenna (7) is arranged in a first annular space (9) of the first copper (8).
3. Waveguide-like integrated antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that the microstrip feed layer (3) comprises a microstrip line (13) and a third copper-clad (14), the third copper-clad (14) and the microstrip line (13) are both arranged on the end face of the second dielectric layer (5) facing away from the coupling transmission layer (2), an accommodating space (15) is arranged in the middle of the third copper-clad (14), and the microstrip line (13) is arranged in the accommodating space (15).
4. A waveguide-like integrated antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that the receiving space (15), the second annular space (12) and the first annular space (9) are arranged correspondingly on the same axis.
5. Waveguide-like integrated antenna according to claim 1, further comprising a fourth copper-clad (16) and a third dielectric layer (17), wherein the third dielectric layer (17) is arranged between the first dielectric layer (4) and the coupling transmission layer (2), the fourth copper-clad (16) is arranged between the third dielectric layer (17) and the first dielectric layer (4), the fourth copper-clad (16) is an annular structure with a third annular space (18) in the middle, the second annular space (12) and the third annular space (18) are correspondingly arranged on the same axis, and the guide part (6) is arranged on the third dielectric layer (17).
6. The waveguide-like integrated antenna according to claim 5, wherein the guide portion (6) is a metallized via hole, and a plurality of metallized via holes are annularly arranged on the first dielectric layer (4), the second dielectric layer (5) and the third dielectric layer (17).
7. Waveguide-like integrated antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide (6) is designed in one piece with copper.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310110198.8A CN115832694B (en) | 2023-02-14 | 2023-02-14 | Waveguide-like integrated antenna |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310110198.8A CN115832694B (en) | 2023-02-14 | 2023-02-14 | Waveguide-like integrated antenna |
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| CN115832694A CN115832694A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
| CN115832694B true CN115832694B (en) | 2023-05-26 |
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| CN210926270U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-07-03 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Broadband constant-amplitude conversion structure from rectangular waveguide to double-end strip line |
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| CN101740870B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所 | Miniaturized single feed point dual-frequency and dual-polarization microstrip antenna |
| CN103825101B (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2015-12-09 | 电子科技大学 | Broadband flat plate array antenna |
| CN114069219B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-12-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十六研究所 | Microstrip phased array antenna unit and array thereof |
| CN114188716B (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-06-14 | 成都雷电微力科技股份有限公司 | Microstrip planar antenna and antenna array |
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| CN114899594B (en) * | 2022-06-27 | 2023-04-14 | 东莞理工学院 | Broadband filtering patch antenna based on double-ring gap structure coupling feed |
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| JPH08265009A (en) * | 1995-03-22 | 1996-10-11 | Toshiba Corp | Balanced to unbalanced transformation circuit |
| US6219002B1 (en) * | 1998-02-28 | 2001-04-17 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Planar antenna |
| JP2009021956A (en) * | 2007-07-13 | 2009-01-29 | Saga Univ | Circularly polarized wave planar function antenna |
| CN205621851U (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-10-05 | 华南理工大学 | Range upon range of formula paster antenna of gap coupling feed based on water |
| CN210926270U (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-07-03 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Broadband constant-amplitude conversion structure from rectangular waveguide to double-end strip line |
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| 基于孔径耦合的毫米波宽带圆极化阵列天线;张晓玲等;《探测与控制学报》;第43卷(第3期);全文 * |
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