CN103797955A - Method for reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003987 organophosphate pesticide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 21
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues in vegetables. The method comprises the following steps: (1) diluting an organophosphorus pesticide into recommended concentration; (2) diluting 20-30 ml/mu of organic soluble fertilizer into 1,500-2,000 times and fully dissolving; (3) mixing the diluted pesticide solution with an organic soluble fertilizer solution, and evenly agitating; and (4) evenly spraying the mixed solution containing the pesticide and the organic soluble fertilizer on vegetables by virtue of spray equipment. The organophosphorus pesticide residues in the vegetables can be obviously reduced when insect pests on crops such as the vegetables are prevented and treated by using the method, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the vegetables is improved, and the yield of the vegetables is improved. The method has the characteristics of being simple and convenient to use, good in economic benefit, friendly to environment, and worthy of great generalization in planting of green vegetables, and the labor cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, relate to specifically a kind of method that reduces Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables.
Background technology
Along with social development, the raising of people's people life level and the enhancing of health perception, vegetables are as indispensable food in people's daily life, and its quality also receives much concern certainly.Agricultural chemicals is for ensureing that the stable volume increase of crops plays an important role, and agricultural chemicals is also one of key factor affecting agricultural product quality and safety simultaneously.China's export vegetables were return because residue of pesticide exceed standard time and again in recent years, in addition domestic because vegetable poisoning event happens occasionally, and the quality security problem of vegetables also just becomes the focus that the common people pay close attention to gradually.People also progressively recognize food-safety problem, have also known the harm of the residue of pesticide in food to health.But the agricultural product such as the vegetables that people buy in market are all kept away and are unavoidably had some residue of pesticide.Residue of pesticide in vegetables exceed standard and directly affect consumer's health, and according to the statistics made by the departments concerned, the whole nation has tens of thousands of people poisoning because of the food that edible residue of pesticide exceed standard every year, and death reaches thousands.
How to remove pollution of dining table, become the hot topic that the whole society pays close attention to.Relevant ministries and commissions of country and each place government launch respectively measure recently, require to maintain strict control over each link, stop pollution of dining table.But the existing agricultural product of China are produced, circulation complexity is various, and it is easier said than done really pesticide pollution to be trapped in outside dining table.China vegetables generally contain remains of pesticide, and many areas have the vegetables of 50%-100% can cause chronic poisoning.Chronic murder by poisoning has following three kinds of forms: the one, and on the impact of enzyme system in body, remains of pesticide, by suppressing or activating body endoenzyme element, affects the eubolism of human body, thereby causes disease; The 2nd, lesion tissue, the neurotoxic that organophosphorous pesticide causes and ataxia, some organophosphorous pesticide also can cause that dermatitis or eyes are impaired; The 3rd, cause cancer, teratogenesis or mutation effect, some agricultural chemicals also can cause damage to the hereditary factor of human body, disturbs the transmission of hereditary information, causes daughter cell sudden change.Meanwhile, the harm that residue of pesticide cause children is larger.Due to children's torso ateliosis, the residual agricultural chemicals of fruits and vegetables gently causes that child development is bad, the disorders of digestion, feeblemindedness, heavy also have crisis life.
Organophosphorous pesticide accounts for the more than 70% of China's pesticide species, be hypertoxic, hypertoxic type and produce in the upper organophosphorous pesticide using 70%, and more be to ban use of on vegetable crop.But, because organophosphorous pesticide has economy, the feature such as efficient, convenient for the diseases and pests of agronomic crop of control vegetables etc., so organophosphorous pesticide occupies critical role for a long time in agricultural chemicals, but many organophosphorous pesticides also have high toxicity to human body in killing damage by disease and insect.At present, because the caused food poisoning phenomenon of a large amount of uses of organophosphorous pesticide accounts for the 1st in China's agricultural chemicals food poisoning, wherein, chlopyrifos, chlorophos have tag, stomach toxicity and fumigation action, be widely used in multiple chewing type and sucking pest on vegetables, paddy rice, wheat, cotton, fruit tree, tea tree.
Residue of pesticide cause serious harm to crop, soil and even animals and plants and human health, therefore, the degraded of the organophosphorus pesticides such as the research dead tick of vegetable poisoning and chlorophos, to ensureing that agricultural product security, care consumer health have important product meaning.At present, also there is no to reduce safely and effectively the relevant report of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables method both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, develops a kind of method that can effectively reduce Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables, solves the problem that Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables exceeds standard from source.
Reduce a method for Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables, it comprises the steps: that organophosphorous pesticide is diluted to recommendation concentration by (1); (2) by organic water-soluble fertilizer 20-30ml/ mu dilution 1500-2000 doubly, fully dissolve; (3) pesticidal solutions after dilution is mixed with organic water-soluble fertilizer solution, stir; (4) mixture that contains pesticidal solutions and organic water-soluble fertilizer solution is evenly sprayed with conventional sprayer.
The active ingredient of described organophosphorous pesticide is one or both combination in chlopyrifos, chlorophos.
Described organic water-soluble fertilizer is formulated through acidifying, chelating, concentration technology by organic and inanimate matter, contains organic matter>=110g/L; N+0
5p
2+ K
20>=170g/L; Zn+Mn+B>=30-50g/L; Water-insoluble≤20g/L.
Described organic matter is one or more combination in plant resource organic matter, humic acid, citric acid, amino acid, vitamin, monose, polysaccharide, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate, ethylene glycol.
Described inanimate matter is one or more combination in zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid.
Inventor finds through experimental study for years; in the time using the organophosphorous pesticide control crop pests such as chlopyrifos; interpolation organic water-soluble fertilizer is combined with machine phosphorus insecticide and together sprays; the residual of the dead tick of vegetable poisoning of just degrading significantly; ensure agricultural product security; preserve the ecological environment, improve crop yield and quality.
In addition, the present invention, in reducing Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables amount, can also improve the activity of enzyme in plant, thereby improves the yield and quality of crops.The present invention is equally applicable to other crops.Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1 chlopyrifos coordinates organic water-soluble fertilizer to use the impact on Chinese cabbage Chlorpyrifos Residue
Test medication: 40% chlopyrifos EC, Anhui Huaxing Chemical Co., Ltd. produces; Organic water-soluble fertilizer agriculture is all found pleasure in (vegetables are used), sprays Po Co., Ltd produce by Guangxi;
Test site: growing vegetables base, suburb, Beihai
For studying thing: Chinese cabbage (in the rosette stage)
Field trial design: experimental group be the agriculture of 800 times+organic water-soluble fertilizer of 40% chlopyrifos EC dilution all find pleasure in (vegetables with) dilute 1500 times; Control group is 800 times of 40% chlopyrifos EC dilutions.Each group test repeats 4 times, totally 8 communities.Every community area is 50m
2, randomized arrangement between community, has the protection row of 2m between each community.
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) by 800 times of 40% chlopyrifos EC dilutions; (2) by 1500 times of organic water-soluble fertilizer 30g/ mu dilutions, fully dissolve; (3) pesticidal solutions after dilution is mixed with organic water-soluble fertilizer solution, stir; (4) use conventional sprayer evenly to spray the mixed liquor that contains pesticidal solutions and organic water-soluble fertilizer solution.
Investigation method: respectively at 3 days, 7 days post-samplings after dispenser, get above-ground plant parts, the sampling of 5 of every communities, extracts 5 strains.
Detection method:
Adopt Agilent7890A gas chromatograph for determination (FPD detector), assay method, with reference to Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticide Multi-residues analytical method SN/T0148-2011 in import and export food, is measured the dead tick residue of pesticide of vegetable poisoning.
Result of the test:
Result shows, compared with control group, using 40% chlopyrifos EC to coordinate organic water-soluble fertilizer to use on control Chinese cabbage when insect pest, dispenser reduces respectively mustard Chlorpyrifos persticide residue 50.7% and 83.3% after 3 days, 7 days, through t check, its difference all reaches utmost point significance level.
Embodiment 2 Le Siben coordinate organic water-soluble fertilizer to use the impact residual on Le Siben in mustard
Test medication: 48% happy this this EC, Changfeng Chemical Co., Ltd. of changde, hunan province city produces; Organic water-soluble fertilizer agriculture is all found pleasure in (vegetables are used), sprays Po Co., Ltd produce by Guangxi;
Test site: growing vegetables base, suburb, Beihai
For studying thing: mustard
Field trial design: experimental group be the agriculture of 1000 times+organic water-soluble fertilizer of 48% happy this this EC dilution all find pleasure in (vegetables with) dilute 2000 times; Control group is 1000 times of 48% happy this this EC dilutions.Each group test repeats 4 times, totally 8 communities.Every community area is 50m
2, randomized arrangement between community, has the protection row of 2m between each community.
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) by 1000 times of 48% happy this this EC dilutions; (2) by 2000 times of organic water-soluble fertilizer 30g/ mu dilutions, fully dissolve; (3) pesticidal solutions after dilution is mixed with organic water-soluble fertilizer solution, stir; (4) use conventional sprayer evenly to spray the mixed liquor that contains pesticidal solutions and organic water-soluble fertilizer solution.
Investigation method: respectively at 3 days, 7 days post-samplings after dispenser, get above-ground plant parts, the sampling of 5 of every communities, extracts 5 strains.
Detection method:
Adopt Agilent7890A gas chromatograph for determination (FPD detector), assay method is with reference to Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticide Multi-residues analytical method SN/T0148-2011 in import and export food, and in mensuration vegetables, Le Siben's is residual.
Result of the test:
Result shows, spray medicine after 3 days in the mustard of experimental group processing the residual quantity of Le Siben declined 2.9 times than control group, through t check, its difference reaches utmost point significance level; Spray medicine after 7 days the residual quantity through the mustard Chlorpyrifos agricultural chemicals of experimental group processing declined 6 times than control group, through t check, its difference all reaches utmost point significance level.
Embodiment 3 chlopyrifos coordinate organic water-soluble fertilizer to use the impact active on Sudismase in leaf mustard (SOD)
Test medication: 30% chlopyrifos EC, Jiangsu Anpon Electrochemical Co., Ltd. produces; Organic water-soluble fertilizer agriculture is all found pleasure in (vegetables are used), sprays Po Co., Ltd produce by Guangxi;
Test site: growing vegetables base, suburb, Beihai
For studying thing: leaf mustard
Field trial design: 1000 times+organic water-soluble fertilizer of the chlopyrifos EC dilution agriculture that experimental group is 30% all find pleasure in (vegetables with) dilute 1500 times; Control group is 1000 times of 30% chlopyrifos EC dilutions.Each group test repeats 4 times, totally 8 communities.Every community area is 50m
2, randomized arrangement between community, has the protection row of 2m between each community.
The present embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) by 1000 times of 30% chlopyrifos EC dilutions; (2) by 1500 times of organic water-soluble fertilizer 30g/ mu dilutions, fully dissolve; (3) pesticidal solutions after dilution is mixed with organic water-soluble fertilizer solution, stir; (4) use conventional sprayer evenly to spray the mixed liquor that contains pesticidal solutions and organic water-soluble fertilizer solution.
Investigation method: respectively at 3 days, 7 days post-samplings after dispenser, get above-ground plant parts, the sampling of 5 of every communities, extracts 5 strains.
Detection method:
With reference to the active mensuration of GB/T5009171-2003 Plant Superoxide Dismutase (SOD)
Result of the test:
Result shows, in Sudismase (SOD) the specific activity control group processing raising 14.6% in the leaf mustard of experimental group processing after 3 days of spray medicine; In Sudismase (SOD) the specific activity control group processing raising 48.1% in the leaf mustard of experimental group processing after 7 days of spray medicine.
Embodiment 4 organophosphorous pesticides coordinate organic water-soluble fertilizer to use the impact on crop yield
Test medication: 40% chlopyrifos EC, Anhui Huaxing Chemical Co., Ltd. produces; 90% chlorophos SP, Jiangsu Anpon Electrochemical Co., Ltd. produces; (vegetables with) are all found pleasure in organic water-soluble fertilizer agriculture, organic water-soluble fertilizer sprays treasured (wheat is special), organic water-soluble fertilizer sprays treasured (general), organic water-soluble fertilizer sprays treasured (cotton is used), organic water-soluble fertilizer sprays treasured (fruit tree is used), organic water-soluble fertilizer sprays treasured (rhizome is used), sprays Po Co., Ltd produce by Guangxi;
Test site: respectively in 14 different regions, the whole nation
For studying thing: paddy rice, wheat, soybean, potato, peanut, cotton, capsicum, cauliflower, a variety of Chinese cabbage, tomato, celery, carrot, navel orange and oranges and tangerines
Field trial design: experimental group be organophosphorous pesticide be diluted to the agriculture of recommendation concentration+organic water-soluble fertilizer all find pleasure in (vegetables with) dilute 1500 times; Control group is for being diluted to recommendation concentration with organophosphorous pesticide separately.Each group test repeats 4 times, totally 8 communities.Every community area is 50m
2, randomized arrangement between community, has the protection row of 2m between each community.
The present embodiment comprises the following steps: organophosphorous pesticide is diluted to recommendation concentration by (1); (2) by 1500 or 2000 times of organic water-soluble fertilizer 30g/ mu dilutions, fully dissolve; (3) the organophosphorous pesticide solution after dilution is mixed with organic water-soluble fertilizer solution, stir; (4) use conventional sprayer evenly to spray the mixed liquor that contains pesticidal solutions and organic water-soluble fertilizer solution.
Investigation method:
(1) paddy rice, wheat, soybean, cotton
Sampling method: 5 samplings, get altogether 5 points, the paid area of each point is no less than 0.2 mu, dries after wheat bran impurity is removed in threshing and weighs and calculate output.Survey product area and be as the criterion with physical measurement area, not calculated weight of field shattering.
Per mu yield (kg/acre)=every mu of seed fresh weight (kilogram) × [the fresh moisture content of kernels of 1-(%)] ÷ [1-13%]
(2) vegetables are surveyed and produce
Sampling method: 5 samplings, get altogether 5 points, each point is got 10 strains, and each survey is produced and after some vegetables are gathered, is removed impurity and gather in the crops whole output and weigh, and quality of vegetable is made corresponding evaluation by market demands by expert.The record of production of each survey product point is added up, gathers, analyzed simultaneously.
Per mu yield=survey is produced gross yield/survey and is produced area
(3) fruit tree is surveyed and produces
Sampling method: 5 samplings, get altogether 5 points, each point is got 10 strains, calculates average every strain fruit weight.
Per mu yield (jin)=mu average fruit of strain number × individual plant (jin)
Result of the test: survey product computing formula according to crops and calculate, then analyze data.
Table 1 organophosphorous pesticide coordinates organic water-soluble fertilizer to use the impact on crop yield
Note: except the difference of experimental program design, other dispenser, fertilising are all same.
As seen from Table 1,, be respectively 9.8%, 13%, 12.8% and 11.2% through paddy rice, wheat, soybean and the potato rate of growth compared with control group of experimental group processing; Peanut through experimental group processing is 10.9% and 14.8% with cotton rate of growth compared with control group; Capsicum, cauliflower, a variety of Chinese cabbage, tomato, celery, carrot, navel orange and oranges and tangerines rate of growth compared with control group through experimental group processing is respectively 23.9%, 18.5%, 11.4%, 10.1%, 6.3%, 6.0%, 7.7% and 10.2%.
The present invention is easy to use, saves labour, can reduce residual in vegetables of organophosphorous pesticide, improves Sudismase (SOD) activity in vegetables, and can improve the output of crops.Therefore, the present invention's applying on vegetables, crops, to reducing farmland pollution, preserve the ecological environment, ensure agricultural product security and promoting that agricultural sustainable development has great importance.
Claims (5)
1. reduce a method for Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables, it comprises the steps: that organophosphorous pesticide is diluted to recommendation concentration by (1); (2) by organic water-soluble fertilizer 20-30ml/ mu dilution 1500-2000 doubly, fully dissolve; (3) pesticidal solutions after dilution is mixed with organic water-soluble fertilizer solution, stir; (4) mixture that contains pesticidal solutions and organic water-soluble fertilizer solution is evenly sprayed with conventional sprayer.
2. the method for reduction Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the active ingredient of described organophosphorous pesticide is one or both combination in chlopyrifos, chlorophos.
3. the method for reduction Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described organic water-soluble fertilizer is formulated through acidifying, chelating, concentration technology by organic and inanimate matter, contains organic matter>=110g/L in this organic water-soluble fertilizer; N+0
5p
2+ K
20>=170g/L; Zn+Mn+B>=30-50g/L; Water-insoluble≤20g/L.
4. the method for reduction Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described organic matter is one or more combination in plant resource organic matter, humic acid, citric acid, amino acid, vitamin, monose, polysaccharide, sodium potassium tartrate tetrahydrate, ethylene glycol.
5. the method for reduction Organo-phosphorus Pesticide Residues in Vegetables according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described inanimate matter is one or more combination in zinc sulphate, manganese sulphate, boric acid, ammonium molybdate, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid.
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| CN108476772A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2018-09-04 | 山东农业大学 | Application of the epiphysin in reducing vegetable pesticide residue |
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