CN103792544B - Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and method for work thereof - Google Patents
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and method for work thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vibration rotary Raman Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and method for work thereof, this system includes: the first system and second system, and wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band；The first system and second system all include: laser emission element, for air-launched laser；Optical receiver unit, for receiving the backscattering echo signal of air laser launched to laser emission element, carries out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting to described backscattering echo signal；Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol with the parameter information of cloud for described backscattering echo signal after light splitting；Control unit, is used for controlling laser emission element, optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit runs.The present invention can realize round-the-clock air comprehensively continuous automatic Observation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmospheric sounding techniques field, particularly relate to vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system and method for work thereof.
Background technology
Laser equipment and the fast development of photoelectric detection equipment so that use remote sensing that Atmosphere and humidity profiles is carried out Continuous Observation and be possibly realized.Owing to detection Shu Bochang used is shorter and directionality is stronger, laser radar is made to have the advantages such as the highest space, time resolution (, up to several meters, time resolution is up to the several seconds for spatial discrimination) and the highest detectivity (the sparse Atmospheric components of the most several atom of cubic centimetre at detectable nearly hundred kilometers of height).Application Atmospheric Survey laser radar can the various gas componants in air and aerosol are detected with convenience and high-efficiency, application laser radar can also obtain the parameter such as atmosphere temperature profile of high-spatial and temporal resolution simultaneously.Comparatively speaking, laser radar is best suitable for for the detection of air and research, therefore laser radar in Atmospheric Survey field according to there being vast potential for future development.
Atmospheric temperature and water vapor profile are of paramount importance observation data parts in weather forecast, atmospheric science research, even climatic study.Traditional observation procedure is to use sounding balloon means, but the drift of its sky high cost, horizontal direction and the complexity of operation and the dependency to weather condition make to realize the observation of continuous high time precision.Many weather stations only carry out 1 time or No. 2 sounding balloon observation for usual one day.Along with human society needs to sharply increase for atmospheric pollution and the concern of climate change, the observation for aerosol (mankind's pollution) and cloud (the climate change prediction maximum uncertainty factor).At present for cloud and aerocolloidal observation, generally use independent remote sensing observations instrument, such as laser radar.
Atmosphere temperature profile is normally based on microwave radiometer (sometimes coordinating radar) remote sensing observations, and atmospheric humidity profile is normally based on the observation of Raman lidar (sometimes coordinating microwave radiometer).Although certain methods based on microwave radiometer exploitation can also measure temperature and humidity profile simultaneously, but its precision and accuracy are not the most fine.And method of based on Raman radar detection atmospheric humidity profile is the most ripe, degree of accuracy is the most fine.And Raman scattering laser radar is capable of the real-time detection of temperature in terms of thermometric, there is high spatial and temporal resolution, in the original advantage that continuously aspect such as monitoring and certainty of measurement is had, be the incomparable novel applications of atmospheric remote sensing techniques of other detection means.
At present, although domestic have a lot of method for observed temperature and the profile of humidity, but can carry out the radar system of temperature and humidity whole day automatic Observation also with little or no perfect simultaneously；It addition, along with the extensive concern for atmospheric pollution and whole world change, society and scientific research have increasing need for the long-term continuity observation of aerosol and cloud, and the instrument separately detecting cloud and aerosol also occurs in that with demand a lot.But, it is possible to atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol and cloud are synchronized simultaneously, continuously, automatically, whole day observation instrument almost without.
For this technical field, domestic research is mainly based upon the L625 multifunction laser radar that Chinese Academy of Sciences's Anhui ray machine institute's atmospheric optics center is built in nineteen ninety-five, this radar added the Raman passage measuring steam in 1999, but the restriction in view of radar itself can only carry out the measurement of 1～5km steam, and it is only limited to observation at night, and do not contain the transmitting wavelength of 1064nm, it is impossible to carry out the observation to cloud.It is no matter that system structure or investigative range, detection accuracy all remain to be further improved.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, and in order to realize round-the-clock air comprehensively continuous automatic Observation, this vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system includes:
The first system and second system, wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band；The first system and second system all include:
Laser emission element, for air-launched laser；
Optical receiver unit, for receiving the backscattering echo signal of air laser launched to laser emission element, carries out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting to described backscattering echo signal；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol with the parameter information of cloud for described backscattering echo signal after light splitting；
Control unit, is used for controlling laser emission element, optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit runs；
The optical receiver unit of described the first system includes: ultraviolet telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group；
The optical receiver unit of described second system includes: visible infrared telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group；
Described ultraviolet telescope is specifically for receiving 354nm and the 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal that 355nm shoot laser excites, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal；
Described visible infrared telescope is specifically for receiving 532nm and the 1064nm air Mie scattering signal that 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser excites.
In one embodiment, described laser emission element includes:
Two color beam splitting chips that laser instrument is connected with laser instrument and the beam expander being connected with two color beam splitting chips.
In one embodiment, described laser instrument provides the pulsed laser light source of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm.
In one embodiment, described beam expander uses 3 times for 355nm laser beam and expands, and uses 5 times for 532nm and 1064nm laser beam and expands.
In one embodiment, described ultraviolet telescope uses Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 450mm, and focal length is 4000mm；Described visible infrared telescope uses Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 300mm, and focal length is 4000mm.
In one embodiment, the outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering of described ultraviolet telescope and visible red and light-collecting lens group all include: two color beam splitting chips that the collimating mirror that optical fiber is connected with optical fiber is connected with collimating mirror and the multi-disc narrow band filter slice being connected with two color beam splitting chips.
In one embodiment, described acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit include:
Photomultiplier tube, carries out opto-electronic conversion for correspondence detects the optical signal of wavelength；
Data acquisition unit and photon counting card, for carrying out data acquisition to the signal after opto-electronic conversion.
In one embodiment, the parameter that described photomultiplier tube uses is Φ 8mm/80mA/W.
In one embodiment, the frequency of described data acquisition unit is 20MHz, uses 12bit modulus AD conversion；The frequency of described photon counting card is 250MHz.
In one embodiment, described control unit includes:
Pulse delay unit, for after sensing the laser that laser emission element sends, sends start pulse signal, triggers optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit startup optimization；
Industrial computer, launches sequential and the sequential of optical receiver unit reception laser of laser for controlling laser emission element.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides for the method for work of a kind of above-mentioned vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, and in order to realize round-the-clock air comprehensively continuous automatic Observation, the method includes:
In the first system and second system, by laser emission element to air-launched laser；
Received the backscattering echo signal of air laser launched to laser emission element by optical receiver unit, described backscattering echo signal is carried out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting；
Described backscattering echo signal after light splitting is obtained atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit with the parameter information of cloud；
Control laser emission element, optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal by control unit and data acquisition unit runs；
Wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band；
354nm and the 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal that 355nm shoot laser excites, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal is received by the optical receiver unit of the first system；
532nm and the 1064nm air Mie scattering signal that 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser excites is received by the optical receiver unit of second system；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit by the first system are from 354nm and 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal obtain atmospheric temperature and the parameter information of steam；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit by second system obtain aerosol and the parameter information of cloud from 532nm and 1064nm air Mie scattering signal.
In one embodiment, in the first system:
In laser emission element, the laser pulse of three wavelength is launched by laser instrument, it is divided into the outer two parts of ultraviolet and visible red by two color beam splitting chips, after 355nm laser is extended and collimates by beam expander, enter air, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；Simultaneously, in a control unit, it is positioned at after the pulse delay unit near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal so that send back echo signal at laser and arrive front signal detection and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card preparation reception backscattering echo signal；
In optical receiver unit, receive ultraviolet echo by ultraviolet telescope, optical fiber import collimating mirror；Carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc narrow band filter slice, be respectively outputted in five wavelength channels of 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm and 407nm；
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, photomultiplier tube output signal is detected, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to be converted into temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data.
In one embodiment, in second system:
In laser emission element, laser instrument launch the laser pulse of three wavelength, be divided into the outer two parts of ultraviolet and visible red by two color beam splitting chips, after visible iraser is extended and collimates by beam expander, enter air；355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；Simultaneously, in a control unit, it is positioned at after the pulse delay unit near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal so that the echo-signal after laser sends arrives front signal detection and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card prepares to receive backscattering echo signal；
In optical receiver unit, receive the outer echo of visible red by visible infrared telescope, optical fiber import collimating mirror；Carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc narrow band filter slice, be respectively outputted in two wavelength channels of 532nm, 1064nm；
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, photomultiplier tube output signal is detected, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to be converted into 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data.
Vibration-the rotary Raman of the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system uses novel Dual System Design scheme, the first system and second system all include laser emission element, optical receiver unit, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, control unit, wherein the first system and second system work in ultraviolet band and visible infrared band respectively, the optical receiver unit of the first system and second system receives and processes ultraviolet echo and the outer echo of visible red respectively, the undistorted collection of mixed layer signal is realized by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, ensured that system order runs by control unit, compared with existing laser radar system, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature and moisture profile, aerosol and cloud physical characteristic carry out the most round-the-clock observation；Not only investigative range is big, detection accuracy is high, seriality is good, studies significant for weather (such as weather modification, weather forecast etc.) and weather (such as Global climate change etc.).
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a concrete application example of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of the first system in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of second system in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the method for work schematic diagram of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the embodiment of the present invention is described in further details.Here, the schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, can realize round-the-clock air comprehensively continuous automatic Observation, concrete, it is possible to realize Continuous Observation while of atmospheric temperature, vertical steam, aerosol and cloud round-the-clock.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system.As it is shown in figure 1, vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system 10 may include that in the embodiment of the present invention
The first system 101 and second system 102, wherein, the first system 101 is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system 102 is operated in visible infrared band；The first system 101 and second system 102 all include:
Laser emission element 201, for air-launched laser；
Optical receiver unit 202, for receiving the backscattering echo signal of air laser launched to laser emission element 201, carries out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting to backscattering echo signal；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit 203, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol with the parameter information of cloud for backscattering echo signal after light splitting；
Control unit 204, is used for controlling laser emission element 201, optical receiver unit 202 and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit 203 runs.
Structure is appreciated that as shown in Figure 1, vibration-the rotary Raman of the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system uses novel Dual System Design scheme, the first system and second system all include laser emission element, optical receiver unit, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, control unit, wherein the first system and second system work in ultraviolet band and visible infrared band respectively, the optical receiver unit of the first system and second system receives and processes ultraviolet echo and the outer echo of visible red respectively, the undistorted collection of mixed layer signal is realized by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, ensured that system order runs by control unit, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature and moisture profile, aerosol and cloud physical characteristic carry out the most round-the-clock observation；Not only investigative range is big, detection accuracy is high, studies significant for weather (such as weather modification, weather forecast etc.) and weather (such as Global climate change etc.).
When being embodied as, in the vibration-rotary Raman of the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, major part components and parts use small-sized all solidstate or medelling structure the most as far as possible, make that whole system has compact conformation, volume is little, lightweight, automaticity is high, the advantage such as stable and reliable in work.
When being embodied as, laser emission element may include that the two color beam splitting chips (DBS) that laser instrument (LASER) is connected and the beam expander (BE) being connected with two color beam splitting chips with laser instrument.Wherein beam expander can use beam expanding lens.When being appreciated that enforcement, laser emission element can also include launching lens set, is used for so that laser pulse light beam is vertically injected in the air.
When being embodied as, laser emission element is multi-wavelength emission unit, it is provided that 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm pulsed laser light source.Concrete, can be by laser instrument to air-launched laser pulse, it is provided that the pulsed laser light source of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm.During enforcement, laser instrument can use the POWERLITE DLS 8020 of continuum company of the U.S. to adjust Q Nd:YAG laser instrument, launch tri-pulse laser emission wavelength of 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm, single mode pulse stabilization degree reaches 5%, frequency 20HZ, mono-pulse transmission energy is respectively greater than 300mJ, 150mJ, 400mJ, exporting, pulsewidth is less than 10ns simultaneously, and live width is less than 1.5cm-1, 24 continuous throughout the twenty-four hour24s.
When being embodied as, beam expander carries out collimator and extender to outgoing pulse laser, 3 times can be used to expand for 355nm laser beam, 5 times can be used to expand for 532nm and 1064nm laser beam.The basic parameter of beam expanding lens can be 10mm/3X (355nm)/5X (532nm, 1064nm)；Input aperture: 10mm；Optical material: ultraviolet band melts quartz；Optical transmittance: > 95%；Antibody Monoclonal threshold value: 0.8J/cm2。
When being embodied as, optical receiver unit can use multichannel to receive optical unit design, can include telescope (TEL) and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group.The first system and second system run simultaneously, are operated in different-waveband, and the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band (532nm and 1064nm wave band).The optical receiver unit of the first system may include that ultraviolet telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group；The optical receiver unit of second system may include that visible infrared telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group.Concrete, ultraviolet telescope can use Cassegrain type, telescope bore can be 450mm, and focal length can be 4000mm；Visible infrared telescope can use Cassegrain type, telescope bore can be 300mm, and focal length can be 4000mm.Concrete, ultraviolet telescope can receive 354nm and the 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal that 355nm shoot laser excites, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal；Visible infrared telescope can receive 532nm and the 1064nm air Mie scattering signal that 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser excites.
When being embodied as, the outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering of ultraviolet telescope and visible red and light-collecting lens group may each comprise: two color beam splitting chips that the collimating mirror (L) that optical fiber (OF) is connected with optical fiber is connected with collimating mirror and the multi-disc narrow band filter slice (F) being connected with two color beam splitting chips.The narrow band filter slice that can use advanced person during enforcement constitutes the full filter plate light splitting optical path of small volume, takies volume little, smart structural design.
Concrete, in the light splitting optical filtering and light-collecting lens group of ultraviolet telescope, two color beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice form the first polychromator；In the outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering of visible red and light-collecting lens group, two color beam splitting chips and multi-disc narrow band filter slice form the second polychromator.The first polychromator separately constituted by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice and the second polychromator, the echo collecting telescope carries out light splitting, such as vibration, rotary Raman signal and rice, Rayleigh scattering signal in separately echo, to obtain the scattered information of steam, temperature and cloud, aerosol etc..First polychromator and the second polychromator can use the parameter of following table table 1:
When being embodied as, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit may include that photomultiplier tube (PMT), carry out opto-electronic conversion for correspondence detects the optical signal of wavelength；Data acquisition unit and photon counting card, for carrying out data acquisition to the signal after opto-electronic conversion.During enforcement, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit can also include avalanche photodide (APD).Concrete, the parameter that photomultiplier tube uses can be Φ 8mm/80mA/W.The frequency of data acquisition unit can be 20MHz, uses 12bit modulus AD conversion；The frequency of photon counting card can be 250MHz.During enforcement, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit can separately detect the laser radar echo signal of seven passages after light splitting, wherein, 2, rotary Raman passage, 2, vibrating Raman passage, 3, Mie scattering passage；HDR, low-noise photomultiplier and broadband amplifier can be used；High speed undistorted collection Larger Dynamic scope echo photosignal can be used, gather simulation with photon counting signal to avoid the reception signal distortion caused by Larger Dynamic scope simultaneously, also can be by the real-time incoming computer of data of collection for subsequent treatment.
When being embodied as, control unit can use Pulse-trigger control, may include that pulse delay unit (PDG), for after sensing the laser that laser emission element sends, send start pulse signal (TRIG), trigger optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit startup optimization；Industrial computer, launches sequential and the sequential of optical receiver unit reception laser of laser for controlling laser emission element.During enforcement, control unit can also include display, keyboard and mouse etc.；Control unit can control the ruly work of whole system each unit according to the time sequential routine.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a concrete application example of vibration-rotary Raman in the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system.Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of the first system in the embodiment of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of an instantiation of second system in the embodiment of the present invention.In the example shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4:
The first system includes: laser emission element, optical receiver unit, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and control unit.Wherein laser emission element includes: laser instrument LASER, two color beam splitting chip DBS3, beam expander BE1；Optical receiver unit includes: telescope TEL1, optical fiber OF, collimating mirror L0, the first polychromator of two color beam splitting chip DBS1-DBS2 and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F0-F5 composition；Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit include: photomultiplier tube PMT1-PMT5, data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA1-DA5；Control unit includes: pulse delay unit PDG, is used for sending triggering pulse TRIG.Telescope TEL1 can be used for receiving the atmospheric scattering echo of wavelength 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm, 407nm, wherein 355nm is used for probe gas colloidal sol back scattering, 353nm, 354nm are used for atmospheric sounding temperature and Aerosol Extinction, and 386nm, 407nm are used for surveying Water Vapor Distribution.Telescope TEL1 can select the Cassegrain system that Nanjing Schmidt Instrument Ltd. produces, effective aperture 450mm, focal length 4000mm.First polychromator, the echo for collecting telescope TEL1 carries out light splitting, exports five wavelength of 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm, 407nm.The parameters of the first polychromator can be as shown in table 1.
Second system includes: laser emission element, optical receiver unit, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit and control unit.Wherein laser emission element includes: laser instrument LASER, two color beam splitting chip DBS3, beam expander BE2；Optical receiver unit includes: telescope TEL2, optical fiber OF, collimating mirror L1, the second polychromator of two color beam splitting chip DBS4 and multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F6-F7 composition；Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit include: photomultiplier tube PMT6-PMT7, data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA6-DA7；Control unit includes: pulse delay unit PDG, is used for sending triggering pulse TRIG.Telescope TEL2 can be used for receiving 532nm, 1064nm echo-signal, is respectively used to detect the extinction coefficient on two wavelength and backscattering coefficient, in conjunction with 355nm back scattering for analyzing the particle diameter distributed intelligence of aerosol and cloud.Telescope TEL2 can select the Cassegrain system that Nanjing Schmidt Instrument Ltd. produces, effective aperture 300mm, focal length 4000mm.Second polychromator, the echo for collecting telescope TEL2 carries out light splitting, exports 532nm, 1064nm echo, the extinction coefficient on two wavelength of inverting, is combined with 355nm for the distribution of Retrieval of Cloud drop-size distribution, particulate Spectral structure.The parameters of the second polychromator can be as shown in table 1.In Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, DIA represents that aperture, MIRROR represent deviation mirror.
Fig. 5 is the method for work schematic diagram of above-mentioned vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system in the embodiment of the present invention.As it is shown in figure 5, be included in the first system and second system:
Step 501, by laser emission element to air-launched laser；
Step 502, by optical receiver unit receive air laser launched to laser emission element backscattering echo signal, backscattering echo signal is carried out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting；
Step 503, the backscattering echo signal after light splitting is obtained atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit with the parameter information of cloud；
Step 504, controlled laser emission element, optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit by control unit and run；
Wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band；The first system and second system run simultaneously.
When being embodied as, in the first system:
In laser emission element, the laser pulse of three wavelength is launched by laser instrument, it is divided into the outer two parts of ultraviolet and visible red by two color beam splitting chips, after 355nm laser is extended and collimates by beam expander, enter air, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；Simultaneously, in a control unit, it is positioned at after the pulse delay unit near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal so that send back echo signal at laser and arrive front signal detection and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card preparation reception backscattering echo signal；
In optical receiver unit, receive ultraviolet echo by ultraviolet telescope, optical fiber import collimating mirror；Carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc narrow band filter slice, be respectively outputted in five wavelength channels of 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm and 407nm；
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, photomultiplier tube output signal is detected, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to be converted into temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data.
When being embodied as, in second system:
In laser emission element, laser instrument launch the laser pulse of three wavelength, be divided into the outer two parts of ultraviolet and visible red by two color beam splitting chips, after visible iraser is extended and collimates by beam expander, enter air；355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；Simultaneously, in a control unit, it is positioned at after the pulse delay unit near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal so that the echo-signal after laser sends arrives front signal detection and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card prepares to receive backscattering echo signal；
In optical receiver unit, receive the outer echo of visible red by visible infrared telescope, optical fiber import collimating mirror；Carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc narrow band filter slice, be respectively outputted in two wavelength channels of 532nm, 1064nm；
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, photomultiplier tube output signal is detected, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to be converted into 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data.
As a example by the first system of Fig. 3, in the first system:
1st step: launched the laser pulse of three wavelength by laser instrument LASER, it is divided into outer (532nm, 1064nm) two parts of ultraviolet (355nm) and visible red by two color beam splitting chip DBS3, after 355nm laser is extended and collimates by beam expander BE1, enter air, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；
Meanwhile, it is positioned at after the pulse-delay unit PDG near laser instrument senses the laser sent, sends start pulse signal TRTG so that send data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA1-DA5 before back echo signal arrives at laser and prepare reception backscattering echo signal.
2nd step: receive ultraviolet echo by telescope TEL1, is imported collimating mirror L0 by optical fiber OF.
3rd step: carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chip DBS1 and DBS2 Yu multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F0-F5, these filter plates and two color beam splitting chips collectively constitute the first polychromator, are respectively outputted in five wavelength channels of 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm, 407nm.
4th step: detected output signal by photomultiplier tube PMT1-PMT5 (post amplifier), is simulated by high-performance capture card and photon counting DA1-DA5 two ways is acquired in case signal distortion.
5th step: after collection, signal processing is converted into temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data use for deliberation.
Industrial computer is used for controlling Laser emission and the sequential of electro-optical system reception, and pulse delay circuit PDG is used for controlling to launch and receive the time difference.
As a example by the second system of Fig. 4, in second system:
1st step: launched the laser pulse of three wavelength by laser instrument, it is divided into outer (532nm, 1064nm) two parts of ultraviolet (355nm) and visible red by two color beam splitting chip DBS3, after beam expander BE2 (532nm, 1064nm) laser outer to visible red is extended and collimates, enter air；355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；
Simultaneously, it is positioned at after the pulse-delay unit PDG near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal TRTG so that send data acquisition unit and photon counting card DA6 and DA7 before back echo signal arrives at laser and open preparation reception backscattering echo signal.
2nd step: receive the outer echo of visible red by telescope TEL2, optical fiber OF import collimating mirror L1.
3rd step: carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chip DBS4 Yu multi-disc high-performance narrow band filter slice F6-F7, these filter plates and two color beam splitting chips collectively constitute the second polychromator, are respectively outputted in two wavelength channels of 532nm, 1064nm.
4th step: detected output signal by photomultiplier tube PMT6 and PMT7 (post amplifier), is simulated by high-performance capture card and photon counting DA6-DA7 two ways is acquired in case signal distortion.
5th step: after collection, signal processing is converted into 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data use for deliberation.
Industrial computer is used for controlling Laser emission and the sequential of electro-optical system reception, and pulse delay circuit is used for controlling to launch and receive the time difference.The extinction coefficient of the first system and three wavelength of second system gained can be used to the vertical distribution information of joint inversion aerosol particle diameter.
In sum, vibration-the rotary Raman of the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system uses novel Dual System Design scheme, the first system and second system all include laser emission element, optical receiver unit, acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, control unit, wherein the first system and second system work in ultraviolet band and visible infrared band respectively, the optical receiver unit of the first system and second system receives and processes ultraviolet echo and the outer echo of visible red respectively, the undistorted collection of mixed layer signal is realized by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, ensured that system order runs by control unit, compared with existing laser radar system, can be simultaneously to atmospheric temperature and moisture profile, aerosol and cloud physical characteristic carry out the most round-the-clock observation；Not only investigative range is big, detection accuracy is high, seriality is good, studies significant for weather (such as weather modification, weather forecast etc.) and weather (such as Global climate change etc.).
In the vibration-rotary Raman of the embodiment of the present invention-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, major part components and parts use small-sized all solidstate or medelling structure the most as far as possible, make that whole system has compact conformation, volume is little, lightweight, automaticity is high, easily controllable and regulation, the advantage such as stable and reliable in work.
Those skilled in the art are it should be appreciated that embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or computer program.Therefore, the form of the embodiment in terms of the present invention can use complete hardware embodiment, complete software implementation or combine software and hardware.And, the present invention can use the form at one or more upper computer programs implemented of computer-usable storage medium (including but not limited to disk memory, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) wherein including computer usable program code.
The present invention is to describe with reference to method, equipment (system) and the flow chart of computer program according to embodiments of the present invention and/or block diagram.It should be understood that can be by the flow process in each flow process in computer program instructions flowchart and/or block diagram and/or square frame and flow chart and/or block diagram and/or the combination of square frame.These computer program instructions can be provided to produce a machine to the processor of general purpose computer, special-purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing device so that the instruction performed by the processor of computer or other programmable data processing device is produced for realizing the device of function specified in one flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions may be alternatively stored in and can guide in the computer-readable memory that computer or other programmable data processing device work in a specific way, the instruction making to be stored in this computer-readable memory produces the manufacture including command device, and this command device realizes the function specified in one flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computer or other programmable data processing device, make to perform sequence of operations step on computer or other programmable devices to produce computer implemented process, thus the instruction performed on computer or other programmable devices provides the step of the function specified in one flow process of flow chart or multiple flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame for realization.
Particular embodiments described above; the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; it is it should be understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection domain being not intended to limit the present invention; all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. done, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, it is characterised in that including:
The first system and second system, wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band；The first system and second system all include:
Laser emission element, for air-launched laser；
Optical receiver unit, for receiving the backscattering echo signal of air laser launched to laser emission element, carries out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting to described backscattering echo signal；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, obtain atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol and the parameter information of cloud for the described backscattering echo signal after light splitting；
Control unit, is used for controlling laser emission element, optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit runs；
The optical receiver unit of described the first system includes: ultraviolet telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group；
The optical receiver unit of described second system includes: visible infrared telescope and light splitting optical filtering thereof and light-collecting lens group；
Described ultraviolet telescope is specifically for receiving 354nm and the 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal that 355nm shoot laser excites, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal；
Described visible infrared telescope is specifically for receiving 532nm and the 1064nm air Mie scattering signal that 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser excites.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described laser emission element includes:
Two color beam splitting chips that laser instrument is connected with laser instrument and the beam expander being connected with two color beam splitting chips.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described laser instrument provides the pulsed laser light source of 355nm, 532nm and 1064nm.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described beam expander uses 3 times for 355nm laser beam and expands, uses 5 times for 532nm and 1064nm laser beam and expands.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described ultraviolet telescope uses Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 450mm, and focal length is 4000mm；Described visible infrared telescope uses Cassegrain type, and telescope bore is 300mm, and focal length is 4000mm.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outer telescopical light splitting optical filtering of described ultraviolet telescope and visible red and light-collecting lens group all include: two color beam splitting chips that the collimating mirror that optical fiber is connected with optical fiber is connected with collimating mirror and the multi-disc narrow band filter slice being connected with two color beam splitting chips.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit include:
Photomultiplier tube, carries out opto-electronic conversion for correspondence detects the optical signal of wavelength；
Data acquisition unit and photon counting card, for carrying out data acquisition to the signal after opto-electronic conversion.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the parameter that described photomultiplier tube uses is Φ 8mm/80mA/W.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the frequency of described data acquisition unit is 20MHz, uses 12bit modulus AD conversion；The frequency of described photon counting card is 250MHz.
Vibration-rotary Raman-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described control unit includes:
Pulse delay unit, for after sensing the laser that laser emission element sends, sends start pulse signal, triggers optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit startup optimization；
Industrial computer, launches sequential and the sequential of optical receiver unit reception laser of laser for controlling laser emission element.
The method of work of vibration-rotary Raman described in 11. 1 kinds of any one of claim 1 to 10-Mie scattering multi-wavelength laser radar system, it is characterised in that including:
In the first system and second system, by laser emission element to air-launched laser；
Received the backscattering echo signal of air laser launched to laser emission element by optical receiver unit, described backscattering echo signal is carried out rotary Raman, vibrating Raman and elastic scattering light splitting；
Described backscattering echo signal after light splitting is obtained atmospheric temperature, steam, aerosol and the parameter information of cloud by acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit；
Control laser emission element, optical receiver unit and acquisition of signal by control unit and data acquisition unit runs；
Wherein, the first system is operated in ultraviolet band, and second system is operated in visible infrared band；
354nm and the 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal that 355nm shoot laser excites, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal is received by the optical receiver unit of the first system；
532nm and the 1064nm air Mie scattering signal that 532nm and 1064nm shoot laser excites is received by the optical receiver unit of second system；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit by the first system are from 354nm and 353nm rotation of atmosphere Raman scattering signal, 355nm air Mie scattering signal, and 386nm air nitrogen Raman scattering signal and 407nm atmosphere vapour Raman scattering signal obtain atmospheric temperature and the parameter information of steam；
Acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit by second system obtain aerosol and the parameter information of cloud from 532nm and 1064nm air Mie scattering signal.
12. methods as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that in the first system:
In laser emission element, the laser pulse of three wavelength is launched by laser instrument, it is divided into the outer two parts of ultraviolet and visible red by two color beam splitting chips, after 355nm laser is extended and collimates by beam expander, enter air, 355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；Simultaneously, in a control unit, it is positioned at after the pulse delay unit near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal so that send back echo signal at laser and arrive front signal detection and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card preparation reception backscattering echo signal；
In optical receiver unit, receive ultraviolet echo by ultraviolet telescope, optical fiber import collimating mirror；Carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc narrow band filter slice, be respectively outputted in five wavelength channels of 353nm, 354nm, 355nm, 386nm and 407nm；
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, photomultiplier tube output signal is detected, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to be converted into temperature, humidity and 355nm extinction coefficient profile data.
13. methods as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that in second system:
In laser emission element, laser instrument launch the laser pulse of three wavelength, be divided into the outer two parts of ultraviolet and visible red by two color beam splitting chips, after visible iraser is extended and collimates by beam expander, enter air；355nm, 532nm, 1064nm laser beam launched makes laser pulse light beam vertically inject in the air by reflecting mirror, and through air, cloud and aerosol；Simultaneously, in a control unit, it is positioned at after the pulse delay unit near laser instrument senses the laser sent, send start pulse signal so that the echo-signal after laser sends arrives front signal detection and the data acquisition unit of data acquisition unit and photon counting card prepares to receive backscattering echo signal；
In optical receiver unit, receive the outer echo of visible red by visible infrared telescope, optical fiber import collimating mirror；Carry out light splitting by the structural grouping of two color beam splitting chips Yu multi-disc narrow band filter slice, be respectively outputted in two wavelength channels of 532nm, 1064nm；
In acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, photomultiplier tube output signal is detected, carry out data acquisition by data acquisition unit and photon counting card, to be converted into 532nm and 1064nm extinction coefficient profile data.
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| CN109490905A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 苏州仓江行电子科技有限公司 | A kind of ozone monitoring laser radar transmission equipment device |
| CN111089824B (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2022-04-22 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Atmospheric particulates particle size spectrum space-time distribution multi-wavelength laser radar measuring device |
| CN112558109A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-26 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Airborne multi-wavelength Raman polarization atmospheric detection laser radar system |
| CN113640831B (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2024-03-08 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Micropulse laser radar and method for detecting atmospheric water vapor, temperature and pressure |
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