CN103791886A - Google earth assisted short-distance transmission line plane section measurement method in plain regions - Google Patents
Google earth assisted short-distance transmission line plane section measurement method in plain regions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Google earth assisted short-distance transmission line plane section measurement method in plain regions. The method comprises the following steps: step 01. intercepting Google earth images along a path of a transmission line; step 02. performing field measurement and annotation; step 03. correcting the images; S04. performing image digitization according to a certain rule; S05. fusing field data and digital vector data, and automatically generating a plane section; and S06. performing tower measurement and plane section revision. Aiming at the surveying design of the short-distance transmission line in plain regions, the invention provides a method for rapidly converting Google earth image information and field measurement data fusion into Dao power SLCAD data achievements, the working efficiency is improved, and the field labor intensity is lightened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Survey of Transmission Line design field, be specifically related to the short-range transmission line of electricity in a kind of plains region and utilize Google Earth to carry out the method for flat section subsidiary.
Background technology
Survey of Transmission Line design adopts aerophotogrammetric method conventionally, according to the transmission line of electricity route scheme that the preliminary stage designer such as can grind and provide, obtain the digitized video of the certain degree of overlapping in circuit corridor by aeroplane photography, in the digital photogrammetric work stations such as VirtuoZo, utilize field photo control measurement to carry out aerotriangulation encryption, obtain three-dimensional stereo model through data processing, carry out on this basis the survey and design of transmission line of electricity.But this technology has some limitations.First, aerial survey image wide cut is less, and a transmission line of electricity need to cover many air strips images conventionally, for meeting the requirement of relevant specification, conventionally will lay a large amount of photo control points like this.Secondly, be subject to the restriction of the factor such as weather and air control, boat flies to implement sometimes.Again, for the shorter transmission line of electricity (being less than 10km) of distance, the reason that flies cost due to boat does not adopt photogrammetric measurement conventionally.
Utilize the modes such as GPS RTK or CORS, total powerstation to carry out the main method that full Fie ld Digital Surveying is the flat section survey of current short distance transmission line of electricity.But the method needs more human and material resources, and inefficiency, cannot meet owner's requirement in the situation that comparison between projects is urgent.
In recent years, Google Earth (Goole Earth) is the survey and design stage such as route selection in widespread use transmission line of electricity circuit early stage, in some areas, particularly economically developed province Google Earth image resolution is higher, the trend of the times is better, if can make full use of this part image, adopt the flat section survey work that certain technology should be able to the auxiliary construction figure stage.
Though the road flat section disposal system of prosperous SLCAD aerial power transmission line is widely used in the survey and design of transmission line of electricity, it is poor at aspects such as graphical interaction operations.AutoCAD graphical interaction is strong, and survey crew relatively gets used to adopting AutoCAD mapping, but designer need to use the flat section disposal system of SLCAD aerial power transmission line to design.
Convert to aspect prosperous SLCAD achievement in topomap digitizing achievement, it is the method [patent No. CN 102236708] of overhead transmission line form by topographic map data format conversion that Inner Mongol power survey and design institute has proposed a kind of, it is mainly to utilize the data file of southern CASS to carry out the conversion of topomap and overhead transmission line form, this mode, to the regional conversion of atural object complexity inconvenient, does not relate to the conversion of ditch river section, house section and the scissors crossing of common plains region yet.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one to be applicable to the method for the auxiliary flat section survey of short distance transmission line of electricity of plains region Google Earth (Goole Earth), it can cannot carry out replacing in aerophotogrammetric situation full Fie ld Digital Surveying at transmission line of electricity, realize the integrated of the interior field operation of the flat section survey of transmission line of electricity, realize and automatically convert field data and image digitization achievement to prosperous SLCAD aerial power transmission line flat section achievement, improved greatly the efficiency of flat section survey.Technical solution of the present invention is:
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technology and scheme:
The auxiliary flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity of a kind of plains region Google Earth, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, intercepts Google Earth image: read Google Earth route selection file, Google Earth route selection file is generally KML file.Set along line boundary width, sectional drawing height and time delay, intercept Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path.
Step S02, field operation is measured with tune and is painted: comprise that measurement painted in photogrammetric control point surveying, scissors crossing tune, house is adjusted and painted measurement, location survey and the measurement of crucial atural object; Field operation is measured with adjusting drawing tools body and is comprised:
(1) photogrammetric control point surveying
Photo control point is the unique point that feature is distinguished clearly and easily, comprise that road corner, ridge intersect and angle, room object point, described photo control point is evenly laid along both sides, transmission line of electricity path, if the image that whole piece transmission line of electricity intercepts has multiple, lays some photo control points at image edge fit place;
(2) scissors crossing is adjusted and is painted measurement
The line of electric force of underground utilities, 10kV and following grade and connection judge to adjust according to the relative position of atural object paints planimetric position and spanning height, and the influential atural object in power transmission line column position is surveyed to planimetric position; 35kV and above scissors crossing measurement plane location are surveyed by GPS, and spanning height obtains by the mode of total station survey.
(3) house is adjusted and is painted measurement
For not relating to the work transmission line of tearing room open, and floor is not higher than constrain height, floor and the room of painting house according to intercepting image tune are high, if floor is higher than constrain height, after actual measurement height of house, adjust and paint measurement, house limit for height can limit according to the general height of local building, and for example constrain height is 13 meters;
For not relating to the work transmission line of tearing room open, it is high that house and room within the scope of room line torn in actual measurement open;
(4) location survey
The corner WGS84 coordinate providing according to described Google Earth route selection file, become local coordinate to adjust and location survey on the spot by coordinate conversion, obtain accurate planimetric coordinates and the elevation of corner, the straight line stake position of laying according to corner coordinate, control section elevation between each strain section;
Corner alignment and measure of pile position point, field operation are adjusted to paint and are measured and check point, supplementary quick short steps point, plane and vertical control point that these are drawn as flat section; Adopt the principle of step control, the highest grade of corner, be secondly straight line stake, be quick short steps points again.
(5) crucial atural object is measured
Be beyond expression and Survey of Transmission Line designed to influential geomorphological features and carry out field operation in-site measurement and check intercepting image, mainly comprising high and nearer apart from the wire center point-like atural object of stalk of high-grade highway and floor level thereof, water system.
Step S03, image rectification: the photogrammetric control point surveying data of obtaining according to described field operation measurement, carry out image rectification by image rectification method to intercepting image, obtain correction image; Image rectification method comprises that application ENVI or ERDAS software carry out image rectification; The number of the required photo control point of described image rectification is relevant with the method for image rectification, and plains region often adopts geometric correction.
Step S04, image digitization: insert described correction image registration image under AutoCAD environment, the loose some data that field operation is measured are directed in AutoCAD, generate AutoCAD digitized image.
Step S05, field data and digitalized data merge, and generate plane cross section: convert described AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section according to digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule.
Step S06, tower position is measured with flat section and is repaiied survey: carry out the pre-ranking of shaft tower according to the prosperous SLCAD plane cross section in described road, according to described shaft tower, pre-ranking is carried out field operation and determine the measurement of tower position, and near flat section tower position is adjusted and repaiied survey in SLCAD.
More preferably, step S05 digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule comprise:
(1) set up the figure layer of settlement place, water system, road, Di Lei circle atural object classification, carry out digitizing by figure layer;
(2) annotation is higher than the house of 1 layer, by the high assignment in building of field operation actual measurement in house;
(3) water system is drawn and is comprised a point single line ditch, two-wire ditch and 4 section pools draftings;
(4) the point-like atural object such as coffin pit, street lamp and well, is directly depicted as a little or is depicted as the topomap standard proportional symbol of segment form;
(5) field operation is adjusted to paint with the high pressure leap of measuring, 380v, 10kV, connection, underground utilities, point-like atural object and is imported stratification drawing after AutoCAD.
More preferably, step S05 converts AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section by Visual C#, the programming of AutoCAD ActiveX technology, ditch section, pool section, river section, house section and scissors crossing section before and after automatically generating according to topological relation.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is directed to and cannot carry out in aerophotogrammetric situation because of the reason such as weather, air control, change the mode of full Fie ld Digital Surveying of must carrying out in the past, only need field operation to measure a small amount of topographic(al) point can to realize the automatic generation of the flat section of transmission line of electricity.The inventive method work efficiency compared with full Fie ld Digital Surveying has been greatly improved, has alleviated the labour intensity of outdoor workers, and economic benefit and social benefit are obvious, is applicable to the survey and design field of more short-range transmission line of electricity of plains region.
Further, the situation that the present invention adjusts for transmission line of electricity corner among a small circle, can carry out field operation and measure the flat section of the prosperous SLCAD in generation road automatically, convenient and swift.
Further, the present invention, for the corner adjustment in transmission line of electricity certain limit, still has the value of recycling, has avoided the duplication of labour.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 adopts the Google Earth image intercepting along line route;
Fig. 3 corrects and error for utilizing photo control point to carry out geometry polynomial expression to image;
Fig. 4 is the design of flat disconnected robotization mapping system;
Fig. 5 is that field data and terrain data merge, the function interface of data rough handling;
Fig. 6 is the digitizing on 4 section pools, plains region;
Fig. 7 is the automatic situation of conversionization road henry SLCAD plane and section after 4 section pool digitizings;
Fig. 8 is 4 section pool SLCAD Document type datas;
Fig. 9 is the function interface of the main scissors crossing of Mass production;
Figure 10 is scissors crossing SLCAD data file;
Figure 11 is scissors crossing SLCAD plane cross section;
Figure 12 is house batch setting and the single interface that arranges;
Figure 13 is that plains region transmission line of electricity utilizes image and field operation fused data automatically to generate the effect of SLCAD plane cross section.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, method of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of plains region Google Earth is assisted the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, intercepts Google Earth image: read Google Earth route selection file, set along line boundary width, sectional drawing height and time delay, intercept Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path;
Step S02, field operation is measured with tune and is painted: comprise that measurement painted in photogrammetric control point surveying, scissors crossing tune, house is adjusted and painted measurement, location survey and the measurement of crucial atural object;
Step S03, image rectification: the photogrammetric control point surveying data of obtaining according to described field operation measurement, carry out image rectification by image rectification method to intercepting image, obtain correction image;
Step S04, image digitization: insert described correction image registration image under AutoCAD environment, the loose some data that field operation is measured are directed in AutoCAD, generate AutoCAD digitized image;
Step S05, field data and digitalized data merge, and generate plane cross section: convert described AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section according to digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule;
Step S06, tower position is measured with flat section and is repaiied survey: carry out the pre-ranking of shaft tower according to the prosperous SLCAD plane cross section in described road, according to described shaft tower, pre-ranking is carried out field operation and determine the measurement of tower position, and near flat section tower position is adjusted and repaiied survey in SLCAD.
As shown in Figure 2, read the KML file that line design provides, this area's Google Earth image is high-resolution Digital Globel image.The width of determining line route is 2km, and corresponding sectional drawing height is set is 350 meters, time delay is 300ms.
Adopt quadratic polynomial, lay altogether and measured 6 photo control points.Fig. 3 lists the root-mean-square error of photo control point and corresponding image points---and RMS is all less than 0.5 pixel, and correction precision is good.
Corner alignment and measure of pile position, field operation are adjusted to paint and are measured and check, supplement quick short steps point measurement, plane and vertical control point that these are drawn as flat section; Adopt the principle of step control, the highest grade of corner, be secondly straight line stake, be quick short steps points again.
The ground elevation control of center section, house, road and friendship cross-line is according to the Altitude classification control of above-mentioned reference mark; There is drawing by its actual elevation of height value for atural object, there is no being as the criterion with the elevation at reference mark according to the distance of circuit mileage according to controlled stage of elevation.
In AutoCAD, insert and correct image and according to grid line registration, set up figure layer according to road, water system, settlement place, point-like thing.
Measure and paint system that data and image digitization achievement generate SLCAD automatically as shown in Figure 4 with adjusting according to field operation.
As shown in Figure 5, import circuit corner coordinate, stake position coordinate and other field operation quick short steps point and visual fusion, each 50 meters of mapping scope left and right is set, it is 0 that initial mileage is set.
Road in image, water system, settlement place are pressed to regular digitizing.Fig. 6 shows the digitizing on typical 4 section pools, plains region (ditch, river).
Drawing different from water system in common topomap is the water system shape that transmission line of electricity plane cross section is only concerned about 50 meters of wire center both sides, in General Central position and neighbouring 15 meters, requiring accurately to exceed part can paint by grass, therefore be depicted as the i.e. polyline of an object, the laggard line ordering of mileage of computing center's section point is determined corresponding section coding.
Fig. 7 shows, the automatic generation effect of above-mentioned water system corresponding flat section in SLCAD.
Except the section of center, other set-points coding is " 0 " with line coding, and Fig. 8 has provided the text data of above-mentioned water system corresponding flat section in SLCAD.
Adjust batch 380v, 10kV and the connection painted to carry out digitizing by polyline in corresponding diagram layer to field operation.
Measure coordinate according to field operations such as corners and calculate 380v, 10kV and connection center leap place mileage and elevation, if Fig. 9 is according to the self-defining acquiescence spanning height high 8m of frame, 11m and 6m respectively, define respectively its bar type according to figure layer and be encoded to " 10 ", " 13 " and " 1 ", define its line and be encoded to " 31 ", " 32 " and " 40 ", tie point is respectively the end points of each friendship cross-line, and SLCAD text data file as shown in Figure 10.
The flat section of SLCAD scissors crossing as shown in figure 11.
House digitizing is plotted in corresponding figure layer with closed polyline (inc Housing system can check and be automatically closed), annotation number of floor levels in closed polyline, the house that 1 floor is " 2 " without annotation, annotation is rear according to actual measurement generation highly one by one by picking up by hand according to the house of the high Mass production in default setting room, other floors, 5 section room signals of Figure 12 batch and manual drawing.
Coffin pit, street lamp point symbol atural object, carry out digitizing with the engineer's scale symbol layering of topomap form, and the mileage of computing center's point and offset distance arrange corresponding point and be encoded to " 317 ", " 256 ".
Figure 13 shows that plains region Typical Route automatically generates the situation of SLCAD plane cross section.
Designer, according to the SLCAD drawing, carries out shaft tower ranking, determines tangent tower position mileage.
Mapping worker is according to tower position mileage, and field operation GPS is Ding Ta and measurement on the spot, obtains accurate tower position elevation.
According to accurate tower position elevation, survey is adjusted and mended near may omit near section tangent tower position and tower position atural object, complete the survey work of repairing of plane cross section.
The present invention is directed to the survey and design of plains region short distance transmission line of electricity, provide a kind of Google Earth image information and field operation measurement data are merged to the rapid method that changes into prosperous SLCAD outcome data, improved work efficiency, alleviated field operation labour intensity.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the auxiliary flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity of plains region Google Earth, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, intercepts Google Earth image: read Google Earth route selection file, set along line boundary width, sectional drawing height and time delay, intercept Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path;
Step S02, field operation is measured with tune and is painted: comprise that measurement painted in photogrammetric control point surveying, scissors crossing tune, house is adjusted and painted measurement, location survey and the measurement of crucial atural object;
Step S03, image rectification: the photogrammetric control point surveying data of obtaining according to described field operation measurement, carry out image rectification by image rectification method to intercepting image, obtain correction image;
Step S04, image digitization: insert described correction image registration image under AutoCAD environment, the loose some data that field operation is measured are directed in AutoCAD, generate AutoCAD digitized image;
Step S05, field data and digitalized data merge, and generate plane cross section: convert described AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section according to digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule;
Step S06, tower position is measured with flat section and is repaiied survey: carry out the pre-ranking of shaft tower according to the prosperous SLCAD plane cross section in described road, according to described shaft tower, pre-ranking is carried out field operation and determine the measurement of tower position, and near flat section tower position is adjusted and repaiied survey in SLCAD.
2. the auxiliary flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity of plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth, is characterized in that: described step S02 field operation is measured with adjusting drawing tools body and comprised the following steps:
(1) photogrammetric control point surveying
Photo control point is the unique point that feature is distinguished clearly and easily, comprise that road corner, ridge intersect and angle, room object point, described photo control point is evenly laid along both sides, transmission line of electricity path, if the image that whole piece transmission line of electricity intercepts has multiple, lays some photo control points at image edge fit place;
(2) scissors crossing is adjusted and is painted measurement
The line of electric force of underground utilities, 10kV and following grade and connection judge to adjust according to the relative position of atural object paints planimetric position and spanning height, and the influential atural object in power transmission line column position is surveyed to planimetric position; 35kV and above scissors crossing measurement plane location are surveyed by GPS, and the mode that spanning height adopts polar method to measure by total powerstation is obtained;
(3) house is adjusted and is painted measurement
For not relating to the work transmission line of tearing room open, floor is not higher than the house of constrain height, and floor and the room of painting house according to intercepting image tune are high, if floor, higher than constrain height, after actual measurement height of house, is adjusted and painted measurement;
For relating to the work transmission line of tearing room open, should surveying, house and the room torn open within the scope of room line are high;
(4) location survey
The corner WGS84 coordinate providing according to described Google Earth route selection file, become local coordinate to adjust and location survey on the spot by coordinate conversion, obtain accurate planimetric coordinates and the vertical control point of corner, the straight line stake position of laying between each strain section according to corner coordinate, control section elevation;
(5) crucial atural object is measured
Be beyond expression and Survey of Transmission Line designed to influential geomorphological features and carry out field operation in-site measurement and check intercepting image, mainly comprising high and nearer apart from the wire center point-like atural object of stalk of high-grade highway and floor level thereof, water system.
3. the auxiliary short distance transmission route survey method of plains region according to claim 2 Google Earth, is characterized in that: described (4) location survey midplane coordinate and vertical control point are that corner alignment and measure of pile position point, field operation are adjusted to paint and measured and check point, supplement quick short steps point.
4. the auxiliary short distance transmission route survey method of plains region according to claim 2 Google Earth, it is characterized in that: in described (4) location survey, the principle of control section elevation is the principle that adopts step control, concrete classification comprises that corner grade is that the highest grade, next is straight line stake, and quick short steps point is the lowest class.
5. the auxiliary short distance transmission route survey method of plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth, is characterized in that: described step S05 digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule comprise:
Set up the figure layer of settlement place, water system, road, Di Lei circle atural object classification, carry out digitizing by figure layer;
Annotation is higher than the house of 1 layer, by the high assignment in building of field operation actual measurement in house;
Water system is drawn and is comprised a point single line ditch, two-wire ditch and 4 section pools draftings;
Point-like atural object is directly depicted as a little or is depicted as the topomap standard proportional symbol of segment form;
Field operation is adjusted to paint with the 380v measuring, 10kV low-voltage power line, connection, underground utilities and point-like atural object and is imported stratification drawing after AutoCAD.
6. the auxiliary short distance transmission route survey method of plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth, described step S03 image rectification method comprises that application ENVI or ERDAS software carry out image rectification; The number of the required photo control point of described image rectification is relevant with the method for image rectification, and plains region often adopts geometric correction.
7. the auxiliary short distance transmission route survey method of plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth, it is characterized in that: described step S05 converts AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section by Visual C#, the programming of AutoCAD ActiveX technology ditch section, pool section, river section, house section and scissors crossing section before and after automatically generating according to topological relation.
8. the auxiliary short distance transmission route survey method of plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth, is characterized in that: described Google Earth route selection file is KML file.
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| CN105180903A (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2015-12-23 | 北京林业大学 | Mobile phone/tablet PC control CCD topographic map photography supplementary survey, supplementary mapping and field investigation and plotting technical method |
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| CN109655044A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-19 | 中国能源建设集团浙江省电力设计院有限公司 | A kind of Survey of Transmission Line positioning measurement final product quality control method |
| CN112163056A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-01 | 四川长园工程勘察设计有限公司 | Ground object insertion method based on path diagram |
| CN115499779A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-20 | 山东智源电力设计咨询有限公司 | Line cloud reconnaissance system based on mobile terminal |
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