CN103791886B - Plains region Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity - Google Patents
Plains region Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of plains region Google Earth and assist the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity.Concrete steps are as follows: step S01, intercept Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path; Step S02, field operation is measured and is painted with tune; Step S03, image rectification; Step S04, carries out image digitization by certain rule; Step S05, field data and digital vector data fusion, flat section generates automatically; Step S06 tower position is measured and is repaiied survey with flat section.The present invention is directed to the survey and design of plains region short distance transmission line of electricity, there is provided a kind of and Google Earth image information and field operation measurement data are merged the rapid method changing into prosperous SLCAD outcome data, improve work efficiency, alleviate field operation labour intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Survey of Transmission Line design field, be specifically related to the short-range transmission line of electricity in a kind of plains region and utilize Google Earth to carry out the method for flat section subsidiary.
Background technology
Survey of Transmission Line design adopts aerophotogrammetric method usually, namely according to the transmission line of electricity route scheme preliminary stage designer such as can ground and provide, the digitized video of the certain degree of overlapping of line corridor is obtained by aeroplane photography, in the digital photogrammetric work stations such as VirtuoZo, utilize field photo control measurement to carry out aerotriangulation encryption, obtain three-dimensional stereo model through data processing, carry out the survey and design of transmission line of electricity on this basis.But this technology has some limitations.First, aerial survey image wide cut is less, and a transmission line of electricity needs to cover many air strips images usually, like this for meeting the requirement of relevant specification, usually will lay a large amount of photo control points.Secondly, by the restriction of the factor such as weather and air control, boat flies to implement sometimes.Again, for the transmission line of electricity (being less than 10km) that distance is shorter, the reason flying cost due to boat does not adopt photogrammetric measurement usually.
Utilize the mode such as GPSRTK or CORS, total powerstation to carry out main method that total field digital surveying is the flat section survey of current short distance transmission line of electricity.But the method needs more human and material resources, and inefficiency, the requirement of owner cannot be met when comparison between projects is urgent.
In recent years, Google Earth (GooleEarth) is the widespread use transmission line of electricity circuit survey and design stage such as route selection in early stage, the province Google Earth image resolution particularly economically developed in some areas is higher, Up-to-date state is better, if this part image can be made full use of, adopt certain technology then should be able to the flat section survey work in auxiliary construction figure stage.
Though the road flat section disposal system of prosperous SLCAD aerial power transmission line is widely used in the survey and design of transmission line of electricity, it is poor in graphical interaction operation etc.AutoCAD graphical interaction is strong, and survey crew compares and gets used to adopting AutoCAD mapping, but designer needs to use the flat section disposal system of SLCAD aerial power transmission line to design.
In map digital result transformation Cheng Daoheng SLCAD achievement, it is the method [patent No. CN102236708] of overhead transmission line form by topographic map data format conversion that Inner Mongolia Electrical Power Investigate and Design Institute proposes a kind of, it mainly utilizes the data file of southern CASS to carry out the conversion of topomap and overhead transmission line form, this mode is inconvenient to the conversion in the area of atural object complexity, does not also relate to the conversion of the ditch river section of common plains region, house section and scissors crossing.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art, one is the object of the present invention is to provide to be applicable to the method for the auxiliary flat section survey of short distance transmission line of electricity of plains region Google Earth (GooleEarth), it can replace total field digital surveying under transmission line of electricity cannot carry out aerophotogrammetric situation, realize the integration of field operation in the flat section survey of transmission line of electricity, realize field data and image digitization achievement being converted automatically to the flat section achievement of prosperous SLCAD aerial power transmission line, greatly improve the efficiency of flat section survey.Technical solution of the present invention is:
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technology and scheme:
A kind of plains region Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, intercepts Google Earth image: read Google Earth route selection file, Google Earth route selection file is generally KML file.Setting, along line boundary width, sectional drawing height and time delay, intercepts Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path.
Step S02, field operation is measured and is painted with tune: comprise photogrammetric control point surveying, scissors crossing adjust paint measure, house adjust paint measure, location survey and crucial atural object measures; Field operation is measured and is comprised with adjusting drawing tools body:
(1) photogrammetric control point surveying
Photo control point be feature clearly and the unique point easily distinguished, comprise road corner, ridge intersects and angle, room object point, described photo control point is evenly laid along both sides, transmission line of electricity path, when the image that whole piece transmission line of electricity intercepts has multiple, then lays some photo control points at image edge fit place;
(2) scissors crossing is adjusted and is painted measurement
The line of electric force of underground utilities, below 10kV grade and the planimetric position of connection and spanning height calculate according to the relative position of atural object, adjust and paint planimetric position and spanning height, then survey planimetric position to the influential atural object in power transmission line column position; The scissors crossing measurement plane location of more than 35kV line of electric force is surveyed by GPS, and spanning height is obtained by the mode of total station survey.
(3) house is adjusted and is painted measurement
For not relating to the work transmission line tearing room open, and floor is not higher than constrain height, according to intercept image adjust paint the floor in house and room high, when floor is higher than constrain height, after actual measurement height of house, carry out tune and paint measurement, house limit for height can according to the general High definition of local building, and such as constrain height is 13 meters;
For not relating to the work transmission line tearing room open, survey the house torn open within the scope of room line and room high;
(4) location survey
According to the corner WGS84 coordinate that described Google Earth route selection file provides, Local coordinates is become to carry out adjusting and location survey on the spot by coordinate conversion, obtain precise plane coordinate and the elevation of corner, according to the straight line stake position that corner coordinate is laid between each strain section, control section elevation;
Corner alignment and measure of pile position point, fieldwork measurement measurement and check are put and supplementary quick short steps point, these planes as flat Section chart drawing and vertical control point; Adopt the principle of step control, corner the highest grade, be secondly straight line stake, be quick short steps points again.
(5) crucial atural object is measured
Intercepting image is beyond expression and designs influential geomorphological features to Survey of Transmission Line and carries out field operation in-site measurement and check, mainly comprises the punctual geo-objects that stalk is high and distance line center is nearer of high-grade highway and floor level thereof, water system.
Step S03, image rectification: measure the photogrammetric control point surveying data obtained according to described field operation, carries out image rectification by image rectification method to intercepting image, obtains and correct image; Image rectification method comprises application ENVI or ERDAS software and carries out image rectification; The number of photo control point needed for described image rectification is relevant with the method for image rectification, and plains region adopts geometric correction.
Step S04, image digitization: insert described correction image under AutoCAD environment and registration image, is directed in AutoCAD by the loose point data that field operation is measured, and generates AutoCAD digitized image.
Step S05, field data and digitalized data merge, and generate plane cross section: convert described AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section according to digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule.
Step S06, tower position is measured and is repaiied survey with flat section: carry out the pre-ranking of shaft tower according to the prosperous SLCAD plane cross section in described road, carries out field operation determine the measurement of tower position according to the pre-ranking of described shaft tower, and in SLCAD, carries out adjustment to the flat section near tower position and repair survey.
More preferably, step S05 digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule comprise:
(1) set up the layer of settlement place, water system, road, Di Lei circle and atural object classification, carry out digitizing by layer;
(2) annotation is higher than the house of 1 layer, and the building high assignment of field operation being surveyed is in house;
(3) water system is drawn and is comprised single line ditch, two-wire ditch and 4 section pools draftings;
(4) punctual geo-objects such as coffin pit, street lamp and well, is directly depicted as a little or is depicted as the topomap standard proportional symbol of segment form;
(5) high pressure of fieldwork measurement and measurement is crossed over, 380v line of electric force, 10kV low-voltage power line, connection, underground utilities and punctual geo-objects import stratification drawing after AutoCAD.
More preferably, AutoCAD digitized image is converted to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section by the programming of VisualC# and AutoCADActiveX technology by step S05, automatically generates front and back ditch section, pool section, river section, house section and scissors crossing section according to topological relation.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is directed to because of under the reason such as weather, air control cannot carry out aerophotogrammetric situation, change the mode of total field digital surveying of must carrying out in the past, only need field operation to measure automatic generation that a small amount of topographic(al) point can realize the flat section of transmission line of electricity.The inventive method work efficiency compared with total field digital surveying is greatly improved, alleviates the labour intensity of outdoor workers, economic benefit and social benefit obvious, be applicable to the survey and design field of more short-range transmission line of electricity of plains region.
Further, the present invention, for the situation of transmission line of electricity corner adjustment among a small circle, can carry out field operation and measure the flat section of the prosperous SLCAD in generation road automatically, convenient and swift.
Further, the present invention, for the corner adjustment in transmission line of electricity certain limit, still has the value of recycling, avoids the duplication of labour.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention;
Fig. 2 adopts the Google Earth image intercepted along line route;
Fig. 3 carries out geometry polynomial correction and error thereof for utilizing photo control point to image;
Fig. 4 is the design of flat disconnected robotization mapping system;
Fig. 5 is that field data and terrain data merge, the function interface of data rough handling;
Fig. 6 is the digitizing on 4 section pools, plains region;
Fig. 7 is the situation of the prosperous SLCAD plane in automatic conversionization road and section after 4 section pool digitizings;
Fig. 8 is 4 section pool SLCAD Document type datas;
Fig. 9 is the function interface that Mass production primary cross is crossed over;
Figure 10 is scissors crossing SLCAD data file;
Figure 11 is scissors crossing SLCAD plane cross section;
Figure 12 is house batch setting and singlely arranges interface;
Figure 13 is that plains region transmission line of electricity utilizes image and field operation fused data automatically to generate the effect of SLCAD plane cross section.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, method of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of plains region Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, intercepts Google Earth image: read Google Earth route selection file, set along line boundary width, sectional drawing height and time delay, intercept Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path;
Step S02, field operation is measured and is painted with tune: comprise photogrammetric control point surveying, scissors crossing adjust paint measure, house adjust paint measure, location survey and crucial atural object measures;
Step S03, image rectification: measure the photogrammetric control point surveying data obtained according to described field operation, carries out image rectification by image rectification method to intercepting image, obtains and correct image;
Step S04, image digitization: insert described correction image under AutoCAD environment and registration image, is directed in AutoCAD by the loose point data that field operation is measured, and generates AutoCAD digitized image;
Step S05, field data and digitalized data merge, and generate plane cross section: convert described AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section according to digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule;
Step S06, tower position is measured and is repaiied survey with flat section: carry out the pre-ranking of shaft tower according to the prosperous SLCAD plane cross section in described road, carries out field operation determine the measurement of tower position according to the pre-ranking of described shaft tower, and in SLCAD, carries out adjustment to the flat section near tower position and repair survey.
As shown in Figure 2, read the KML file that line design provides, this area's Google Earth image is high-resolution DigitalGlobel image.The width determining line route is 2km, arranges that corresponding sectional drawing height is 350 meters, time delay is 300ms.
Adopt quadratic polynomial, lay and measure 6 photo control points altogether.Fig. 3 lists the root-mean-square error of photo control point and corresponding image points---and RMS is all less than 0.5 pixel, and correction precision is good.
Corner alignment and measure of pile position, fieldwork measurement are measured and checked, supplement quick short steps point measures, these planes as flat Section chart drawing and vertical control point; Adopt the principle of step control, corner the highest grade, be secondly straight line stake, be quick short steps points again.
The ground elevation of central section, house, road and friendship cross-line controls to control according to above-mentioned reference mark Altitude classification; There is drawing by its actual elevation of height value for atural object, there is no being as the criterion with the elevation at reference mark according to the distance of controlled stage according to circuit mileage of elevation.
Insert in AutoCAD and correct image and according to grid line registration, set up layer according to road, water system, settlement place and pointing object.
Measure according to field operation and paint data and image digitization achievement generates the system of SLCAD as shown in Figure 4 automatically with adjusting.
As shown in Figure 5, import circuit corner coordinate, stake position coordinate and other field operation quick short steps point and visual fusion, about arranging mapping scope each 50 meters, arranging initial mileage is 0.
To the regularly digitizing of the road in image, water system and settlement place.Fig. 6 shows the digitizing of typical 4 the section pools (ditch, river) in plains region.
The water system shape being only concerned about 50 meters, wire center both sides unlike transmission line of electricity plane cross section is drawn with water system in common topomap, require in General Central position and neighbouring 15 meters that accurately exceeding part can paint by grass, therefore be depicted as an an object i.e. polyline, the laggard line ordering of mileage of computing center's section point determines that corresponding section is encoded.
Fig. 7 shows, the automatic generation effect of above-mentioned water system corresponding flat section in SLCAD.
Except central section, other set-points coding is encoded with line and is " 0 ", and Fig. 8 gives the text data of above-mentioned water system corresponding flat section in SLCAD.
By polyline, digitizing is carried out to the batch 380v line of electric force of fieldwork measurement, 10kV line of electric force and connection in corresponding layer.
380v line of electric force, 10kV line of electric force and connection center leap place mileage and elevation is calculated according to field operation surving coordinate such as corners, if Fig. 9 is according to self-defining acquiescence spanning height frame height 8m, 11m and 6m respectively, define its rod-type respectively according to layer and be encoded to " 10 ", " 13 " and " 1 ", define its line and be encoded to " 31 ", " 32 " and " 40 ", tie point is respectively the end points of each friendship cross-line, and SLCAD text data file as shown in Figure 10.
The flat section of SLCAD scissors crossing as shown in figure 11.
House digitizing is plotted in corresponding layer with closed polyline (inc Housing system can check and automatically close), annotation number of floor levels in closed polyline, 1 floor is that the house of " 2 " generates according to actual measurement highly one by one by according to after the manual pickup in the house of default setting room height Mass production, other floors without annotation, annotation, and Figure 12 batch is illustrated with manual drawing 5 section rooms.
Coffin pit, street lamp point symbol atural object, carry out digitizing, the mileage of computing center's point and offset distance with the engineer's scale symbol layering of topomap form, arranges corresponding point and be encoded to " 317 ", " 256 ".
Figure 13 shows that plains region Typical Route automatically generates the situation of SLCAD plane cross section.
Designer, according to the SLCAD drawn, carries out shaft tower ranking, determines tangent tower position mileage.
Mapping worker is according to tower position mileage, and field operation GPS is Ding Ta and measurement on the spot, obtains accurate tower position elevation.
According to accurate tower position elevation, adjust the atural object may omitted near the section near tangent tower position and tower position and mend survey, what complete plane cross section repaiies survey work.
The present invention is directed to the survey and design of plains region short distance transmission line of electricity, there is provided a kind of and Google Earth image information and field operation measurement data are merged the rapid method changing into prosperous SLCAD outcome data, improve work efficiency, alleviate field operation labour intensity.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. plains region Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step S01, intercepts Google Earth image: read Google Earth route selection file, set along line boundary width, sectional drawing height and time delay, intercept Google Earth image along transmission line of electricity path;
Step S02, field operation is measured and is painted with tune: comprise photogrammetric control point surveying, scissors crossing adjust paint measure, house adjust paint measure, location survey and crucial atural object measures;
Step S03, image rectification: measure the photogrammetric control point surveying data obtained according to described field operation, carries out image rectification by image rectification method to intercepting image, obtains and correct image;
Step S04, image digitization: insert described correction image under AutoCAD environment and registration image, is directed in AutoCAD by the loose point data that field operation is measured, and generates AutoCAD digitized image;
Step S05, field data and digitalized data merge, and generate plane cross section: convert described AutoCAD digitized image to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section according to digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule;
Step S06, tower position is measured and is repaiied survey with flat section: carry out the pre-ranking of shaft tower according to the prosperous SLCAD plane cross section in described road, carries out field operation determine the measurement of tower position according to the pre-ranking of described shaft tower, and in SLCAD, carries out adjustment to the flat section near tower position and repair survey.
2. plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that: described step S02 field operation is measured and comprised the following steps with adjusting drawing tools body:
(1) photogrammetric control point surveying
Photo control point be feature clearly and the unique point easily distinguished, comprise road corner, ridge intersects and angle, room object point, described photo control point is evenly laid along both sides, transmission line of electricity path, when the image that whole piece transmission line of electricity intercepts has multiple, then lays some photo control points at image edge fit place;
(2) scissors crossing is adjusted and is painted measurement
The line of electric force of underground utilities, below 10kV grade and the planimetric position of connection and spanning height calculate according to the relative position of atural object, adjust and paint planimetric position and spanning height, then survey planimetric position to the influential atural object in power transmission line column position; The scissors crossing measurement plane location of more than 35kV line of electric force is surveyed by GPS, and the mode that spanning height adopts polar method to measure by total powerstation obtains;
(3) house is adjusted and is painted measurement
For not relating to the work transmission line tearing room open, floor not higher than the house of constrain height, according to intercept image adjust paint the floor in house and room high, when floor is higher than constrain height, after actual measurement height of house, carries out tune and paint measurement;
For relating to the work transmission line tearing room open, should survey tear house within the scope of room line open and room high;
(4) location survey
According to the corner WGS84 coordinate that described Google Earth route selection file provides, Local coordinates is become to carry out adjusting and location survey on the spot by coordinate conversion, obtain precise plane coordinate and the vertical control point of corner, according to the straight line stake position that corner coordinate is laid between each strain section, control section elevation;
(5) crucial atural object is measured
Intercepting image is beyond expression and designs influential geomorphological features to Survey of Transmission Line and carries out field operation in-site measurement and check, mainly comprises the punctual geo-objects that stalk is high and distance line center is nearer of high-grade highway and floor level thereof, water system.
3. plains region according to claim 2 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that: described (4) location survey midplane coordinate and vertical control point are corner alignment and measure of pile position point, fieldwork measurement measurement and check point and supplementary quick short steps point.
4. plains region according to claim 2 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that: in described (4) location survey, the principle of control section elevation is the principle adopting step control, it is that the highest grade that concrete classification comprises corner grade, next is straight line stake, and quick short steps point is the lowest class.
5. plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that: described step S05 digitizing and field operation measurement data fusion rule comprise:
Set up the layer of settlement place, water system, road, Di Lei circle and atural object classification, carry out digitizing by layer;
Annotation is higher than the house of 1 layer, and the building high assignment of field operation being surveyed is in house;
Water system is drawn and is comprised single line ditch, two-wire ditch and 4 section pools draftings;
Punctual geo-objects is directly depicted as a little or is depicted as the topomap standard proportional symbol of segment form;
The 380v line of electric force of fieldwork measurement and measurement, 10kV low-voltage power line, connection, underground utilities and punctual geo-objects import stratification drawing after AutoCAD.
6. plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, and described step S03 image rectification method comprises application ENVI or ERDAS software and carries out image rectification; The number of photo control point needed for described image rectification is relevant with the method for image rectification, and plains region adopts geometric correction.
7. plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that: AutoCAD digitized image is converted to prosperous SLCAD plane cross section by the programming of VisualC# and AutoCADActiveX technology by described step S05, automatically generates front and back ditch section, pool section, river section, house section and scissors crossing section according to topological relation.
8. plains region according to claim 1 Google Earth assists the flat section survey method of short distance transmission line of electricity, it is characterized in that: described Google Earth route selection file is KML file.
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| CN105180903B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-11-17 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of mobile phone/flat board control CCD topographic map photography benefit survey benefits are painted and the technical method of fieldwork measurement |
| CN105279341B (en) * | 2015-11-18 | 2019-03-15 | 中国能源建设集团江苏省电力设计院有限公司 | A method of interception Google Earth image directly applies to engineering design |
| CN106997523B (en) * | 2017-02-21 | 2020-10-27 | 国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司 | High-voltage overhead transmission line house information acquisition device and method |
| CN107590846B (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2020-12-29 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Nested conversion method for ground satellite image and underground roadway |
| CN109655044B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-03-16 | 中国能源建设集团浙江省电力设计院有限公司 | Quality control method for surveying, positioning and measuring finished products of power transmission lines |
| CN112163056A (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2021-01-01 | 四川长园工程勘察设计有限公司 | Ground object insertion method based on path diagram |
| CN115499779A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-20 | 山东智源电力设计咨询有限公司 | Line cloud reconnaissance system based on mobile terminal |
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| CN101335431A (en) * | 2008-07-27 | 2008-12-31 | 广西电力工业勘察设计研究院 | Overhead power transmission line optimized line selection method based on airborne laser radar data |
| CN101949807B (en) * | 2010-09-09 | 2011-12-28 | 华南理工大学 | External insulation natural dirt accumulation testing method for high-voltage power transmission line |
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