CN102495879A - Industrial overhead pipeline measurement method based on ground LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) - Google Patents
Industrial overhead pipeline measurement method based on ground LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an industrial overhead pipeline measurement method based on a ground LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging). The industrial overhead pipeline measurement method comprises the following steps of: collecting three-dimensional point cloud data of an industrial overhead pipeline; carrying out index management on the mass point cloud data according to a space position; performing model extraction of the industrial overhead pipeline and combining model data; extracting the center line and characteristic point of the industrial overhead pipeline; editing professional attribution information (such as a pipe diameter, a pipe wall thickness, a thermal insulation material, a valve type, a carrier property and the like) by using GIS (Geographic Information System) software; and realizing three-dimensional visualization. According to the invention, based on high-precision three-dimensional point cloud data, the industrial overhead pipeline data collection and management applied to GIS is finally realized by fitting the dispersed point cloud data to obtain the real mathematical model of the industrial overhead pipeline and combining the GIS software with the three-dimensional design and display software.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of industrial aerial pipeline and measure and the three-dimension GIS exhibiting method, be applicable to the measurement of face of land complex industrial aerial pipeline and the displaying of virtual reality, belong to the pipeline survey technical field based on ground three-dimensional laser scanner (being called for short " LIDAR ").
Background technology
The 3-D data collection technology of current built on stilts industrial pipeline mainly comprises: (1) the single-point acquiring three-dimensional coordinate that disperses, like total powerstation, high-precision GPS etc.; (2) obtain view data based on the optical photography principle of two dimension, with software data are pushed away to intend then and obtain the entity three-dimensional model, like remote sensing, close-range photogrammetry, photogrammetric measurement etc.
The ways of presentation of current industrial aerial pipeline mainly contains: (1) adopts the plane mode filling respectively to uprise the mode of point height; (2) mode of utilizing plane drawing and elevation drawing to mutually combine.
Prior art exists following problem and shortcoming:
(1) method of discrete single-point acquiring three-dimensional coordinate; Owing to need the magnanimity cloud data to describe the surface of labyrinth, entity structure; Be to guarantee the object construction integrality, need to gather a large amount of measurement points, standalone location obtains that the data spended time is long, efficient is low; And modeling process is very loaded down with trivial details, operating difficulties.
(2) utilize two-dimentional photogrammetric means; Exist optical device inherent deformation error, depth of field deficiency, surface preparation in kind, reference point setting, planar delta dislocation; The influence of uncertain problems such as view data conversion is not suitable for complicated aerial pipeline yet and surveys.
(3) the existing form of expression is relatively more professional, lacks intuitive, and the interpreting blueprints personnel are had higher professional knowledge context request.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: for the surface of the labyrinth that needs the magnanimity cloud data to describe, when entity structure is described; For guaranteeing the accurate and complete of target correlationship; Need to gather a large amount of measurement points; The complex industrial aerial pipeline measures this type situation just, and the present invention provides a kind of is convenient to Mass Data Management, utilize cloud data to generate the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR of industrial pipeline model and center line, realization three-dimensional visualization fast.
Technical scheme: a kind of industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR comprises the steps:
The first step adopts the ground three-dimensional laser scanner, accomplishes the collection to the industrial pipeline three dimensional point cloud;
In second step, the achievement of utilizing space coordinates is carried out after the locus corrects cloud data, and the magnanimity cloud data that field operation is obtained carries out index management according to the locus;
In the 3rd step, the model that carries out industrial aerial pipeline according to each group cloud data or some cloud data splitting extracts, and model data is merged;
In the 4th step, the model file that obtains is introduced center line and the unique point that the principle that represents according to three-dimensional among the AutoCAD is extracted industrial aerial pipeline;
In the 5th step, the center line of industrial aerial pipeline and characteristic point file are utilized the professional attribute information (as: caliber, pipe thickness, insulation material, valve kind, carrier character etc.) of database management language editor;
The 6th step; Utilize the industrial aerial pipeline center line file of the industrial aerial pipeline specialty attribute information of stack (as: caliber, pipe thickness, insulation material, valve kind, carrier character etc.) to combine to realize three-dimensional visualization with three-dimensional exhibition platform, realize the very three-dimensional management of geographical spatial data.
Principle of work: the ground three-dimensional laser scanning technique be whole three-dimensional data obtain with the reconfiguration technique system in up-to-date technology, with traditional technological means very big difference is arranged.It can obtain the locus coordinate of each sampled point of body surface fast, obtains the some set of a presentation-entity, and the some set is referred to as " some cloud " (pointclouds).Cloud data is described out with stereoscopic model with forms such as point, line, polygon, curve, curved surfaces by means of software processing, just can reconstruct the surface model of entity.Model data is set up tight spatial relation and professional data of attribute information storehouse to be realized using based on the three-dimensional visualization of GIS.
Beneficial effect: the ground three-dimensional laser scanning technique that the present invention is based in the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement of ground LIDAR has really been accomplished directly to carry out reverse fast 3-D data collection and model reconstruct from material object, promptly from the three-dimensional measured data reconstruct of the panorama of 2 d-to-3 d.Need not to do any surface treatment in kind; It is long just can to obtain the depth of field; Avoid the optical skew factor to bring the solid object surface position data of error; The three-dimensional coordinate data of each point in the laser point cloud all is the target actual position data of directly gathering, and is near and make that the data of aftertreatment are true and reliable, combine GIS software with three-dimensional design, show industrial aerial pipeline collection and the management of the final realization of software towards the GIS application.With this technology as the effective means of obtaining and managing industrial aerial pipeline spatial data fast, can directly reflect objective things real-time, real form and attribute characteristic.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the ground three-dimensional laser scanner survey station design diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the Point Cloud Processing process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is many software platforms work compound process flow diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment; Further illustrate the present invention; Should understand these embodiment only be used to the present invention is described and be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention; After having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's accompanying claims institute restricted portion to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, based on the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement of ground LIDAR, concrete steps are following:
The first step: adopt the ground three-dimensional laser scanner, accomplish collection to the industrial pipeline three dimensional point cloud.
According to mission requirements, the complicated aerial pipeline in ground is scanned based on the ground three-dimensional laser scanner.The standard and the standard of its execution have:
CJJ 61-2003 " City Buried Pipeline Technology Regulation;
GB 50026-2007 " Code for engineering surveying ";
GB/T 1047-2005 " definition of duct element DN (nominal size) and select for use ";
CJJ18-99 " urban survey standard ".
The practical implementation method of the first step is following:
1, coordinate basis design: planimetric coordinates is CGCS2000 earth coordinates, WGS-84 coordinate system, Xi'an Geodetic Coordinate System 1980, Beijing coordinate system in 1954 or coordinate system; Height datum is the height datum that use in 1985 national height datums or project location;
2, design data: confirm the data layout of cloud data, the data (the suggestion data layout is XYZ) and the field image data that the three-dimensional laser scanner raw data format should be provided in principle, cross through data screening; The spatial data benchmark of cloud data is the topocentric coordinate system achievement;
3, positional accuracy design: the refined model dot spacing should be less than 5cm, and positional accuracy should be less than 1cm; Roughcast can define according to actual needs;
4, survey station design: as shown in Figure 2, according to measuring place actual conditions, appropriate design ground three-dimensional laser scanner measurement route; And at the survey station marked of choosing (as hammer into iron nail and paint draw period), the place placement target that is connected with the station at the station, number is no less than 3; Its placement is not taken on the same straight line; During unnecessary 3 points, should not be placed in the same plane, target is used to splice the cloud data at adjacent two stations;
5, data acquisition: data acquisition is carried out at the positional accuracy requirement scene according to design, in gatherer process, should note the data completeness of target and industrial aerial pipeline unique point.
Second step: the achievement of utilizing space coordinates is carried out after the locus corrects cloud data, and the magnanimity cloud data that field operation is obtained carries out index management according to the locus.
The practical implementation method in second step is following:
1, volume coordinate collection: utilize the interior Surveying Control Point achievement of coordinate basis of design that the unique point of obtaining in the cloud data is carried out the coordinate collection, the data basis of cloud data coordinate conversion is provided;
2, coordinate conversion: with achievement and achievement in the space coordinates stack of unique point of the same name in topocentric coordinate system, utilize four parameters or seven parameter models to carry out coordinate conversion, obtain the achievement of cloud data in space coordinates;
3, the management of cloud data: because the cloud data amount is big; The arithmetic capability of present computing machine can't disposablely be called a large amount of cloud datas; So should carry out Classification Management to the cloud data collection, so that the calling of follow-up work according to the locus of every site cloud.
The 3rd step: the model that carries out industrial aerial pipeline according to each group cloud data or some cloud data splitting extracts, and model data is merged.
As shown in Figure 3, the practical implementation method in the 3rd step is following:
1, cloud data splicing: utilize the cloud data that is transformed into space coordinates the multistation cloud data to be made up according to its locus; Constitute the cloud data collection of large scene, the influence that in concrete operations, receives present computer run ability is the 2-4 site cloud data of closing on to be spliced simultaneously use;
2, industrial aerial pipeline modeling: cloud data is introduced the modeling software (as: Terrasolide, PHIDIAS and Cyclone software) that is fit to set up industrial aerial pipeline digital model;
3, the merging of model data: the model data of acquisition may be output as the data layout that DXF etc. can introduce Auto CAD software, utilizes the locus of respectively organizing data to carry out the merging of DXF file.
The 4th step: the model file that obtains is introduced center line and the unique point that the principle that represents according to three-dimensional among the AutoCAD is extracted industrial aerial pipeline.
The practical implementation method in the 4th step is following:
1, the extraction of center line and unique point: the positional information of pipeline affiliated facilities such as industrial aerial pipeline digital model fetch pipeline center line that utilization merges and valve;
2, data check: model data, center line and characteristic point data, cloud data are carried out the manual work comparison, guarantee integrality, connectedness and the accuracy of data, should examine at the scene in case of necessity;
3, the processing of particular point position: for industrial aerial pipeline elbow position, can not extract its real center line, it is to adopt the mode of automatic generation to realize in final the displaying; Its implementation is: two ends straight-line segment tube hub line is carried out space intersection; Because the elbow two ends straight-line segment pipe center line that the existence of measuring error and site operation error is obtained is not in the same space plane; For meeting of assurance and field condition, can carry out intersection in the mode that the mid point of minimum distance is got at two sections different surface beeline minimum distance places.
The 5th step: industrial aerial pipeline center line and characteristic point file utilize database management language editor specialized information.
As shown in Figure 4, the practical implementation method in the 5th step is following:
1, professional attribute information editor: the data of obtaining in the 4th step are introduced the editor that the ArcGIS platform carries out professional attribute information, as: caliber, pipe thickness, insulation material, valve kind etc.;
2, professional attribute information inspection: should carry out the logical consistency inspection after data edition is accomplished and guarantee the final data result of use.
The 6th step: utilize the industrial aerial pipeline center line file of the industrial aerial pipeline specialty of stack attribute information to combine to realize three-dimensional visualization with three-dimensional exhibition platform, realize the very three-dimensional management of geographical spatial data.Data exhibiting, three-dimensional visualization: utilize the Uniscope platform will have the data file of professional attribute information to carry out data exhibiting, and the management of fulfillment database.
Claims (8)
1. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The first step: adopt the ground three-dimensional laser scanner, accomplish collection to industrial aerial pipeline three dimensional point cloud;
Second step: the achievement of utilizing space coordinates is carried out after the locus corrects cloud data, and the magnanimity cloud data that field operation is obtained carries out index management according to the locus;
The 3rd step: the digital model that carries out industrial aerial pipeline according to each group cloud data or some cloud data splitting extracts, and the digital model data are merged;
The 4th step: the model file that obtains is introduced center line and the unique point that the principle that represents according to three-dimensional among the AutoCAD is extracted industrial aerial pipeline;
The 5th step: the center line and the characteristic point file of industrial aerial pipeline are utilized database management language editor specialty attribute information;
The 6th step: utilize the industrial aerial pipeline center line file of the industrial aerial pipeline specialty of stack attribute information to combine to realize three-dimensional visualization with three-dimensional exhibition platform, realize the very three-dimensional management of geographical spatial data.
2. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the performing step of the said first step is following:
(1) coordinate basis design: planimetric coordinates is CGCS2000 earth coordinates, WGS-84 coordinate system, Xi'an Geodetic Coordinate System 1980, Beijing coordinate system in 1954 or coordinate system; Height datum is the height datum that use in 1985 national height datums or project location;
(2) design data: confirm the data layout of cloud data, the data and the field image data that the three-dimensional laser scanner raw data format should be provided in principle, cross through data screening; The spatial data benchmark of cloud data is the topocentric coordinate system achievement;
(3) positional accuracy design: the refined model dot spacing should be less than 5cm, and positional accuracy should be less than 1cm; Roughcast can define according to actual needs;
(4) survey station design: according to measuring place actual conditions, appropriate design ground three-dimensional laser scanner measurement route, and the survey station marked of choosing; Target is placed in the place that is connected with the station at the station; The target number is no less than 3, and its placement is not taken on the same straight line, during unnecessary 3 points; Target is placed in the different plane, and target is used to splice the cloud data at adjacent two stations;
(5) data acquisition: data acquisition is carried out at the industrial aerial pipeline positional accuracy requirement scene according to design, in gatherer process, should note the data completeness of target and industrial aerial pipeline unique point.
3. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the performing step in said second step is following:
(1) volume coordinate collection: the Surveying Control Point achievement according in the coordinate basis of selecting in the coordinate basis design is carried out the coordinate collection to the unique point of obtaining in the cloud data, and the data basis of cloud data coordinate conversion is provided;
(2) coordinate conversion: with achievement and achievement in the space coordinates stack of unique point of the same name in topocentric coordinate system, utilize four parameters or seven parameter models to carry out coordinate conversion, obtain the achievement of cloud data in space coordinates;
(3) management of cloud data: the locus according to every site cloud is managed the cloud data collection.
4. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the performing step in said the 3rd step is following:
(1) cloud data splicing: utilize to be transformed into the cloud data of space coordinates and, the multistation cloud data to be made up the cloud data collection of formation large scene according to its locus;
(2) industrial aerial pipeline modeling: cloud data is introduced modeling software, set up industrial aerial pipeline digital model, the data layout of said industrial aerial pipeline digital model is for introducing the data layout of Auto CAD software;
(3) merging of model data: utilize the locus of respectively organizing cloud data to carry out the merging of industrial aerial pipeline digital model.
5. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the performing step in said the 4th step is following:
(1) extraction of center line and unique point: utilize the industrial aerial pipeline digital model fetch pipeline center line of merging and the positional information of pipeline affiliated facility;
(2) data check: industrial aerial pipeline digital model data, center line and characteristic point data, cloud data are compared;
(3) processing of particular point position: for industrial aerial pipeline elbow position, it is to adopt the mode that generates automatically to realize in final the displaying; Its implementation is: two ends straight-line segment tube hub line is carried out space intersection, carry out intersection in the mode that the mid point of minimum distance is got at two sections different surface beeline minimum distance places.
6. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the performing step in said the 5th step is following:
(1) professional attribute information editor: the center line and the characteristic point data of the industrial aerial pipeline that obtains in the 4th step are introduced the editor that the ArcGIS platform carries out professional attribute information;
(2) professional attribute information inspection: after professional attribute information editor accomplishes, carry out the logical consistency inspection.
7. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: in said the 6th step; Utilize the industrial aerial pipeline center line file of the industrial aerial pipeline specialty of stack attribute information to combine with three-dimensional exhibition platform to realize three-dimensional visualization, and the management of fulfillment database.
8. the industrial aerial pipeline method for measurement based on ground LIDAR as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that said three-dimensional exhibition platform is the Uniscope platform.
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| CN109905612A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-18 | 山东省交通规划设计院 | Portable Road Design full-view image field investigation system and method |
| CN110334818A (en) * | 2019-05-22 | 2019-10-15 | 广州中船文冲船坞有限公司 | A kind of method and system of pipeline automatic identification |
| CN110689774A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-14 | 国家电网有限公司 | Construction and use method of power station switching operation training system based on virtual reality |
| CN111275815A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-06-12 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Three-dimensional modeling method for existing complex pipeline |
| CN112559544A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-26 | 南京市测绘勘察研究院股份有限公司 | Professional pipeline and comprehensive pipeline fusion database building and updating method |
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| CN111275815B (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2023-02-28 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Three-dimensional modeling method for existing complex pipeline |
| CN112559544A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-26 | 南京市测绘勘察研究院股份有限公司 | Professional pipeline and comprehensive pipeline fusion database building and updating method |
| CN117094104A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-11-21 | 广州长地空间信息技术有限公司 | Overhead survey data section fitting method |
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Application publication date: 20120613 |