CN103791861A - Plant leaf area lossless measuring method - Google Patents
Plant leaf area lossless measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103791861A CN103791861A CN201410046225.0A CN201410046225A CN103791861A CN 103791861 A CN103791861 A CN 103791861A CN 201410046225 A CN201410046225 A CN 201410046225A CN 103791861 A CN103791861 A CN 103791861A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a plant leaf area lossless measuring method. According to the plant leaf area lossless measuring method, a leaf blade image collection method and an indoor leaf area measurement calculation method are mainly used for carrying out measurement and calculation; according to the leaf blade image collection method, a digital camera, a shooting background base plate, coordinate paper, a steel tape and other tools are used as tools, and are easy to operate and convenient to carry, especially when shooting is carried out on the situation that the shooting resolution and the image storage pixel level set when the digital camera leaves the factory are utilized, and the shooting angle is close to 90 degrees, a clear leaf blade image can be obtained, and leaf area measuring accuracy does not have significant difference; according to the indoor leaf area measurement calculation method, the shot leaf blade image is stored in a computer preloaded with AutoCAD software, and the leaf area of a plant is measured and calculated by running the AutoCAD software. Lossless measurement of the leaf area can be achieved by combining the digital camera and the AutoCAD software; compared with a popular leaf area determinator at present, the plant leaf area lossless measuring method has the advantages of being easy and convenient to operate and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of leaves of plants measuring method, relate in particular to a kind of plant leaf area non-destructive determination method.
Background technology
Leaf area is measured good several different methods, as square method, weight method, leaf area measuring instrument method, Y-factor method Y and meter dustpan machine and combination of software method. diverse ways, its degree of accuracy, measurement range and use occasion difference.
Square method is a kind of traditional leaf area measuring method, and not only cost is low, and is easily understood.But in measuring process, need on square paper, describe a large amount of blade universe exterior features, also will count out the area of every blade, this is a kind of very loaded down with trivial details work, and its measurement result degree of accuracy neither be very high.Especially during for some erose blades, its degree of accuracy will reduce, and the error of generation is larger.
Weight method is identical with square method, is also a kind of more traditional measuring method.Cost is low, easy and simple to handle, and the degree of accuracy of measurement result is also high than square method, but its degree of accuracy reduces while measuring erose blade, is not suitable for crops seedling stage and has compared with the leaf area of vanelets plant measuring.
Conventional leaf area measurement also has Y-factor method Y, blade face instrument mensuration etc.Wherein Y-factor method Y utilizes average principle, can carry out nondestructively measuring, but could use after must determining coefficient by other method, and coefficient can be different with the difference of kind, and resultant error is also larger, and blade face instrument mensuration precision is very high, speed is fast, but it is expensive, maintenance is inconvenient, and it destroys crop groups structure and the leaf size of measuring is also had to certain restriction.Therefore classic method exist measure inaccurate, operate loaded down with trivial details, destroy a series of shortcomings such as plant growth, measurement range be narrow, can not meet the requirement that the work such as scientific research are measured blade area.
Image treating is to utilize computer image processing technology to carry out leaf area measurement.The conventional method of sampling is that a coordinate paper is closely fixed on rigid plastic sheet at present, as shooting background base plate; Blade to be measured is lain on base plate, guarantee that blade unfolds completely; Utilize digital camera to take pictures and obtain leaf image.This sampling method is too dependent on the benchmark scale of coordinate paper as image, lacks the dirigibility of field study, is not suitable for rainy weather, simultaneously,, be difficult for obtaining hard contrast photo as shooting background base plate with coordinate paper, while making to describe blade profile, easily produce the collimation error.
Leaf image after collection has 2 kinds of disposal routes by computing machine at present.One is to utilize Photoshop software, these photographs are being looked like to carry out after pre-service, image is converted to chromatic diagram picture by RGB image, again the gray level image after conversion is carried out to image is cut apart, can obtain the pixel count of marker and tested blade after denoising, edge extracting, obtained Area Ratio.Calculate blade area when object of reference area is known by formula, can obtain blade area: S
1=S
2× (T
1/ T
2) (S
1for blade area, S
2for object of reference area, T
1for the sum of all pixels that leaf image comprises, T
2the sum of all pixels comprising for object of reference image).The method complex steps, is applicable to personnel that Photoshop software is comparatively familiar with, and general personnel are difficult for grasping, and waste time and energy.
Another is to utilize AutoCAD software, and leaf image edge is described by multi-line section, and line segment is carried out after closure, directly measures blade area with area query function, then is converted and obtained the real area of blade by image scale.But at present report make the method for multi-line section closure at command bar kind inputting English letter " C ", due to the scrambling of blade, be often difficult to realize, this kind of method of operating of the unfamiliar personnel of AutoCAD software is difficult for grasping, and in line segment closing course, spend the plenty of time, efficiency is not high.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, for the problems referred to above, a kind of Measurement Approach of Leaf Area of simple, operation is provided, the method can solve 1, transparent square method, duplicate weight method and leaf area instrumental method need to destroy crop groups structure, carry out excised leaf, plant is had to injury problem to a certain degree; 2. the current non-destructive determination middle period area instrumental method of solution is expensive, measurement range is little, be difficult for universal problem; 3. solve the problem that in current ruler simple and easy determination, precision is not high, range of application is narrow; 4. solve and utilize at present Photoshop software to carry out complex steps in leaf image pixel analysis method, not wield problem.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, a kind of plant leaf area non-destructive determination method provided by the invention, its method and step are:
(1) leaf image collection, this step be step by step specifically:
A, choose the shooting background base plate that has obvious contrast with pilot blade, then coordinatometer is fixed on to a side of base plate.
B, blade to be measured is laid on base plate, flattens with transparent plastic sheet, guarantee blade full extension to be measured;
C, shooting resolution, the picture storing pixel set while utilizing digital camera to dispatch from the factory, take blade in the situation that shooting angle is approximate 90 °;
(2), indoor leaf area measure calculate, this step be step by step specifically:
A, the leaf image photographing is stored in the computing machine that is preinstalled with AutoCAD software;
B, operation AutoCAD software, carry out " insertion "/" raster image " order;
" selection image file " dialog box that c, basis are opened, selects to be stored in the leaf image in computing machine, then clicks open button;
D, in " image " dialog box of opening, select " specifying " final election item on screen;
E, with mouse in position, in the proper ratio or angle insert image;
F, execution " instrument "/" inquiry "/" distance " order;
G, cursor is moved on on the scale of coordinate paper in image (or Steel Ruler, steel tape, band scale plate holder), measure the distance of 1cm, this numerical value is the engineer's scale of this image;
H, input command domscale (locking engineer's scale), the distance values of the 1cm that then key entry inquired just now;
I, with multi-section-line (order: PL) retouch out blade graphic limit;
J, input command region(face territory generate order) carriage return, all limits of selection closed figure, make figure form face territory, carriage return;
K, then execution " instrument "/" inquiry "/" face territory/mass property " order; By right mouse button, can obtain the data such as area and perimeter of figure.
L, for blade less (as conifer), insert after image, amplify and reach the object that can describe blade edge, by real-time translation, cursor is moved on to scale 1cm distance and position, measure its numerical value;
M, depict blade edge by multi-line section, carry out " instrument "/" inquiry "/" area " order;
N, then from the starting point of figure is put terminal in order by right mouse button, can obtain the area and perimeter of figure.
O, blade area (cm
2)=graphics area/image scale
2, blade girth (cm)=figure girth/image scale.Can adopt mm for less blade area and blade girth unit
2and mm.
Adopt after said method, advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, adopt white rigid plastic sheet or blank sheet of paper, white board as taking leaf image background base plate, can obtain hard contrast image, be beneficial to the differentiation of blade edge and describe; Adopt duroplasts easy to carry simultaneously, be beneficial to field work.
2, steel tape and Steel Ruler are the indispensable instruments of forest workers's field study, steel tape, Steel Ruler are closely fixed on to a side of white rigid plastic sheet with adhesive tape, have convenient, flexible feature, are applicable to various weather conditions.
3, coordinate paper is fixed on to a side of white rigid plastic sheet, comparable coordinate paper is more conducive to obtain hard contrast image and blade edge interpretation as shooting background base plate completely.
4, utilize digital camera and AutoCAD software, can realize the non-destructive determination of leaf area, compared with current comparatively popular leaf area analyzer, have advantages of easy and simple to handle, cheap.Thousand yuan of left and right products of digital camera can meet the needs of blade acquisition resolution completely in the market, and leaf area analyzer price is more than ten thousand yuan at present, and saving fund is more than 1/10.
5, adopt the full-automatic function of digital camera, shooting resolution, the picture storing pixel while utilizing digital camera to dispatch from the factory, set, in the situation that shooting angle is approximate 90 °, blade is taken, can be obtained leaf image comparatively clearly, simultaneously to leaf area measuring accuracy without significant difference; Can utilize the close-perspective recording pattern of digital camera to take pictures for less blade.
6, adopt the face territory method of generationing, can effectively solve the complicated and not closing phenomenon of multi-line section that causes of blade figure, raising leaf area surveying work efficiency.
7, for the figure of simple rule, directly adopt " instrument "/" inquiry "/" area " method, can make general personnel can grasp Leaf area estimate method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, invention is described in more detail.
The present invention relates to a kind of plant leaf area non-destructive determination method, its method and step are:
(1), leaf image collection, this step be step by step specifically:
A, choose the shooting background base plate that has obvious contrast with pilot blade, then coordinatometer is fixed on to a side of base plate.
B, blade to be measured is laid on base plate, flattens with transparent plastic sheet, guarantee blade full extension to be measured;
C, shooting resolution, the picture storing pixel set while utilizing digital camera to dispatch from the factory, take blade in the situation that shooting angle is approximate 90 °;
(2), indoor leaf area measure calculate, this step be step by step specifically:
A, the leaf image photographing is stored in the computing machine that is preinstalled with AutoCAD software;
B, operation AutoCAD software, carry out " insertion "/" raster image " order;
" selection image file " dialog box that c, basis are opened, selects to be stored in the leaf image in computing machine, then clicks open button;
D, in " image " dialog box of opening, select " specifying " final election item on screen;
E, with mouse in position, in the proper ratio or angle insert image;
F, execution " instrument "/" inquiry "/" distance " order;
G, cursor is moved on on the scale of coordinate paper in image (or Steel Ruler, steel tape, band scale plate holder), measure the distance of 1cm, this numerical value is the engineer's scale of this image;
H, input command domscale (locking engineer's scale), the distance values of the 1cm that then key entry inquired just now;
I, with multi-section-line (order: PL) retouch out blade graphic limit;
J, input command region(face territory generate order) carriage return, all limits of selection closed figure, make figure form face territory, carriage return;
K, then execution " instrument "/" inquiry "/" face territory/mass property " order; By right mouse button, can obtain the data such as area and perimeter of figure.
L, for blade less (as conifer), insert after image, amplify and reach the object that can describe blade edge, by real-time translation, cursor is moved on to scale 1cm distance and position, measure its numerical value;
M, depict blade edge by multi-line section, carry out " instrument "/" inquiry "/" area " order;
N, then from the starting point of figure is put terminal in order by right mouse button, can obtain the area and perimeter of figure.
O, blade area (cm
2)=graphics area/image scale
2, blade girth (cm)=figure girth/image scale.Can adopt mm for less blade area and blade girth unit
2and mm.
Adopt in the present invention white rigid plastic sheet or blank sheet of paper, white board as taking leaf image background base plate, can obtain hard contrast image, be beneficial to the differentiation of blade edge and describe; Adopt duroplasts easy to carry simultaneously, be beneficial to field work; The present invention is closely fixed on steel tape, Steel Ruler with adhesive tape one side of white rigid plastic sheet, has convenient, flexible feature, is applicable to various weather conditions; The present invention is fixed on coordinate paper one side of white rigid plastic sheet, comparable coordinate paper is more conducive to obtain hard contrast image and blade edge interpretation as shooting background base plate completely.
The present invention utilizes digital camera and AutoCAD software, can realize the non-destructive determination of leaf area, compared with current comparatively popular leaf area analyzer, has advantages of easy and simple to handle, cheap.Thousand yuan of left and right products of digital camera can meet the needs of blade acquisition resolution completely in the market, and leaf area analyzer price is more than ten thousand yuan at present, and saving fund is more than 1/10.
The present invention adopts the full-automatic function of digital camera, shooting resolution, the picture storing pixel while utilizing digital camera to dispatch from the factory, set, in the situation that shooting angle is approximate 90 °, blade is taken, can be obtained leaf image comparatively clearly, simultaneously to leaf area measuring accuracy without significant difference; Can utilize the close-perspective recording pattern of digital camera to take pictures for less blade.
The present invention adopts face territory generation method, can effectively solve that blade figure is complicated and the not closing phenomenon of multi-line section that causes improves leaf area surveying work efficiency.If for the figure of simple rule, can directly adopt by " instrument "/" inquiry "/" area " method, can make general personnel can grasp Leaf area estimate method.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a plant leaf area non-destructive determination method, is characterized in that, its method and step are:
(1) leaf image collection, this step be step by step specifically:
A, choose the shooting background base plate that has obvious contrast with pilot blade, then coordinatometer is fixed on to a side of base plate;
B, blade to be measured is laid on base plate, flattens with transparent plastic sheet, guarantee blade full extension to be measured;
C, shooting resolution, the picture storing pixel set while utilizing digital camera to dispatch from the factory, take blade in the situation that shooting angle is approximate 90 °;
(2) indoor leaf area is measured and is calculated, this step be step by step specifically:
A, the leaf image photographing is stored in the computing machine that is preinstalled with AutoCAD software;
B, operation AutoCAD software, carry out " insertion "/" raster image " order;
" selection image file " dialog box that c, basis are opened, selects to be stored in the leaf image in computing machine, then clicks open button;
D, in " image " dialog box of opening, select " specifying " final election item on screen;
E, with mouse in position, in the proper ratio or angle insert image;
F, execution " instrument "/" inquiry "/" distance " order;
G, cursor is moved on on the scale of coordinate paper in image (or Steel Ruler, steel tape, band scale plate holder), measure the distance of 1cm, this numerical value is the engineer's scale of this image;
H, input command domscale (locking engineer's scale), the distance values of the 1cm that then key entry inquired just now;
I, with multi-section-line (order: PL) retouch out blade graphic limit;
J, input command region(face territory generate order) carriage return, all limits of selection closed figure, make figure form face territory, carriage return;
K, then execution " instrument "/" inquiry "/" face territory/mass property " order; By right mouse button, can obtain the data such as area and perimeter of figure;
L, for blade less (as conifer), insert after image, amplify and reach the object that can describe blade edge, by real-time translation, cursor is moved on to scale 1cm distance and position, measure its numerical value;
M, depict blade edge by multi-line section, carry out " instrument "/" inquiry "/" area " order;
N, then from the starting point of figure is put terminal in order by right mouse button, can obtain the area and perimeter of figure;
O, blade area (cm
2)=graphics area/image scale
2, blade girth (cm)=figure girth/image scale, can adopt mm for less blade area and blade girth unit
2and mm.
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| CN201410046225.0A CN103791861A (en) | 2014-02-10 | 2014-02-10 | Plant leaf area lossless measuring method |
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| CN104006767A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-27 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | High-throughput plant type measurement method based on image processing |
| CN104330058A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 东北林业大学 | Correction method for measuring leaf area index by use of plant canopy analyzer |
| CN104457627A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-25 | 云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所 | Method for utilizing Photoshop for precisely measuring area of plane of irregular object |
| CN104990530A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-21 | 甘肃省小陇山林业实验局林业科学研究所 | Method for measuring needle leaf area |
| CN105674918A (en) * | 2015-12-20 | 2016-06-15 | 淮阴师范学院 | Plant blade area measuring method based on images |
| CN106918312A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-07-04 | 招商局重庆交通科研设计院有限公司 | Pavement strip based on computer vision peels off area detecting device and method |
| CN106996757A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-08-01 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of leaf area measurement method based on digital camera images |
| CN107024187A (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-08-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of leaf area measurement method based on digital camera images |
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| CN107144244A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of leaf area measurement method |
| CN109211149A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-15 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A method of measurement plant leaf area |
| CN110363807A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Based on the high-throughput lossless method for obtaining field cotton Efficient leaf area of RGB image |
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| CN112504172A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-16 | 青海大学 | Method for measuring plant leaf area suitable for field |
| CN112525110A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-03-19 | 宁夏农林科学院农业经济与信息技术研究所（宁夏农业科技图书馆） | Handheld blade nondestructive measurement method and device based on vision measurement |
| CN113125313A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏大学 | Portable fluorescent detection device for fog drop deposition of blades |
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| CN104006767A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-27 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | High-throughput plant type measurement method based on image processing |
| CN104006767B (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2017-05-17 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | High-throughput plant type measurement method based on image processing |
| CN104330058A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-04 | 东北林业大学 | Correction method for measuring leaf area index by use of plant canopy analyzer |
| CN104330058B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2017-05-03 | 东北林业大学 | Correction method for measuring leaf area index by use of plant canopy analyzer |
| CN104457627A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-03-25 | 云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所 | Method for utilizing Photoshop for precisely measuring area of plane of irregular object |
| CN104990530A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-21 | 甘肃省小陇山林业实验局林业科学研究所 | Method for measuring needle leaf area |
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| CN105674918B (en) * | 2015-12-20 | 2018-03-27 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of plant blade area measuring method based on image |
| CN107036938A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-08-11 | 宁波工程学院 | The measurement apparatus and its measuring method evaluated for concrete surface hydrophobicity |
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| CN107144244A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | A kind of leaf area measurement method |
| CN109211149A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-15 | 内蒙古农业大学 | A method of measurement plant leaf area |
| CN110363807A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Based on the high-throughput lossless method for obtaining field cotton Efficient leaf area of RGB image |
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| CN112504172A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-16 | 青海大学 | Method for measuring plant leaf area suitable for field |
| CN112525110A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-03-19 | 宁夏农林科学院农业经济与信息技术研究所（宁夏农业科技图书馆） | Handheld blade nondestructive measurement method and device based on vision measurement |
| CN113125313A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏大学 | Portable fluorescent detection device for fog drop deposition of blades |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |