CN103788978A - Internal-combustion heating rotary vane type biomass pyrolysis liquefying device - Google Patents
Internal-combustion heating rotary vane type biomass pyrolysis liquefying device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103788978A CN103788978A CN201410063865.2A CN201410063865A CN103788978A CN 103788978 A CN103788978 A CN 103788978A CN 201410063865 A CN201410063865 A CN 201410063865A CN 103788978 A CN103788978 A CN 103788978A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses an internal-combustion heating rotary vane type biomass pyrolysis liquefying device. The sidewall of a reactor is configured as a jacket structure; the jacket comprises a pyrolysis layer, a pyrolysis layer wall, a hot waste gas layer, a hot waste gas layer wall and a heat insulating layer in sequence from inside to outside, wherein a track is arranged on the pyrolysis layer wall; two horizontal internal-combustion rotating pipelines are arranged at the same height below a central plane of the reactor; a plurality of vane gap plates are alternately arranged inside the two internal-combustion rotating pipelines along the circumferences of the walls of the internal-combustion rotating pipelines; gaps of the vane gap plates are not communicated with the inside of each internal-combustion rotating pipeline; vanes are arranged inside the gaps of the vane gap plates; the protruding ends of the vanes are connected with the track; a feed hopper is arranged above the reactor and communicated with the pyrolysis layer; a conical furnace bottom is supported at the bottom of the reactor and communicated with the pyrolysis layer; a slag discharging opening is formed in a conical bottom opening. The internal-combustion heating rotary vane type biomass pyrolysis liquefying device disclosed by the invention is used for greatly increasing the biomass liquefaction rate and the bio-oil heat value, improving the properties and reducing the biomass liquefaction cost, and is suitable for production of bio-oil by use of various biomass raw materials, and simple and convenient to operate, manage and maintain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pyrolysis liquefaction device, more specifically say the pyrolysis liquefaction device take biomass as raw material.
Background technology
Biomass mainly comprise forestry material, agricultural wastes, municipal wastes and feces of livestock and poultry etc.Biomass are a kind of renewable energy sources, and reserves are abundant, and energy utilization as an alternative, can realize CO
2zero release, and wherein S, N content are low, can greatly alleviate Greenhouse effect and environmental pollution.Biomass pyrolysis liquefaction refers to the in the situation that of complete anoxic or limited oxygen supply, biomass are under the condition of middle temperature, high heating rate and extremely short gas residence time, and by direct biomass pyrolysis, product is through cooling fast, obtain the liquid fuel of high yield, i.e. bio oil.Affecting biomass pyrolysis liquefaction effect quality factor has kind, chemical constitution and the grain diameter etc. of heating rate, temperature of reaction, residence time, raw material.
At present, biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device research emphasis is how better to make biological particles realize the pyrolysis liquefaction that conducts heat efficiently and realize autothermal.The method realizing has four kinds.The one, be directly that coke and the pyrolysis gas high-temperature flue gas obtaining that burns is sent into reactor heat supply by pyrolysis byproducts.The existing problem of this method is: the burning of two kinds of by products all can produce water vapour, and water vapour can be finally along with pyrolysis gas is condensed in bio oil, thereby biological oil properties is produced to considerable influence; In combustion tail gas, generally all can there is residual oxygen, greatly reduce the productive rate of bio oil thereby the existence of oxygen can change the pyrolysis approach of biomass; And the gas that burning generates also can experience the technological process of heating and cooling, in addition, these gases have also diluted the not condensable gases that pyrolysis produces, and its calorific value are greatly reduced, for its application brings difficulty.The 2nd, utilize pyrolysis byproducts heating fluidisation carrier to realize the transmission of heat.But a large amount of fluidized carrier gas are vented one's spleen the heat of dilution, collect to the condensation of pyrolysis gas and bring very large negative impact, and the heating of fluidized carrier gas and condensation process power loss serious, its consumption also can be subject to the restriction of by product combustion heating ability.The 3rd, utilize pyrolysis byproducts heating carrier sand to realize the transmission of heat.Technological difficulties are circulation to sand and the control of temperature.In addition,, because the internal circulating load of sand is generally all very large, the wearing and tearing that the energy expenditure of its working cycle and high temperature sand cause are all the problems that must consider.The 4th, utilize the high-temperature flue gas of by product burning to flow through from the sidewall interlayer of special reactor, to supplement institute's heat requirement is provided for pyrolytic reaction, the method can be avoided the impact of flue gas on pyrolysis product, but the heat that form biomass pyrolysis transmits is limited, and thermo-efficiency is low.
At present, realizing biomass pyrolysis liquefaction reactor used is mainly fluidized-bed reactor, its advantage is that heat transfer rate is high, the particle residence time is short, is conducive to improve the efficiency of biomass pyrolytic generation liquid fuel, the defect that it is serious: the one, and, bad adaptability strict to the type requirements of material; The 2nd, the particle diameter of charging is required strictly, the material pre-treatment complexity that this makes before biomass pyrolytic, has increased cost.
The defect existing in above-mentioned biomass pyrolysis liquefaction process, has affected the cost of the bio oil of biomass pyrolysis liquefaction to a great extent, has restricted the industrial applications of existing biomass pyrolysis liquefaction technology.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for avoiding the existing weak point of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device is provided, improve biomass liquefying efficiency, bio oil calorific value and character, reduce the total cost of biomass liquefying, be applicable to various biomass material production bio oil.
The constructional feature of internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device of the present invention is:
The sidewall of reactor is set to jacket structured, and chuck is followed successively by pyrolytic layer, pyrolytic layer wall, hot waste gas layer, hot waste gas layer wall and thermal insulation layer from inside to outside; On pyrolytic layer wall, track is set; Below the centerplane of reactor, sustained height place arranges two horizontal internal combustion rotating pipes, along the circle alternate of its wall, multiple leaf seam plates are set in two internal combustion rotating pipe inside, the gap of leaf seam plate does not communicate with internal combustion rotating pipe inside, in the gap of leaf seam plate, blade is set, blade overhanging end is connected with track; Internal combustion rotating pipe two ends connect two rotary support pipelines with one heart, and internal combustion intake ducting and internal combustion outlet pipe are set respectively in two rotary support pipelines; Hopper is set above reactor, and hopper communicates with pyrolytic layer, undertakes taper furnace bottom in the bottom of reactor, and taper furnace bottom communicates with pyrolytic layer, and slag-drip opening is positioned at cone end mouth; Pyrolysis gas pipeline is set on pyrolytic layer wall, and the pyrolysis gas pipeline the other end is drawn reactor, is communicated with the induced draft fan that is in reactor outside.
The constructional feature of internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device of the present invention is also:
Hot waste gas reflux line and exhaust emission tube road are set respectively on hot waste gas layer wall, and hot waste gas reflux line is connected to internal combustion outlet pipe, and the outlet in exhaust emission tube road is extended to reactor outside.
Two internal combustion rotating pipes are the rotatable parts that driven by transmission rig.
In internal combustion intake ducting inside, gas pipeline is set, gas pipeline is connected to fuel gas source from internal combustion intake ducting entrance.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:
1, the present invention is take internal combustion rotating pipe as combustion heating chamber, burn in internal combustion rotating pipe by combustion gas for biomass liquefying heating outside pipe, and the backflow that utilizes hot waste gas is liquefaction heating, adopt tube wall and sidewall heat transfer material heating rate high, make full use of combustion heat energy and heat energy from waste gas, keep higher temperature of reactor, improve biomass liquefying efficiency, reduce bio oil production cost;
3, the present invention adopts blade to be arranged in the leaf seam plate in internal combustion rotating pipe, its overhanging end is connected with the track of pyrolytic layer wall, work Leaf rotates and stretching motion, make material under the effect of blade, between internal combustion rotation tube wall and pyrolytic layer wall, be rotated down motion, by regulating the rotating speed of variable-frequency motor, can control the residence time of material in stove, improve biomass liquefying efficiency;
3, the present invention adopts internal combustion rotating pipe to be arranged on the centerplane below of reactor, pyrolytic layer is diminished from top to bottom gradually, material and tube wall and pyrolytic layer wall close contact, be conducive to conduct heat, in the time that material falls with blade rotary, internal combustion rotating pipe and pyrolytic layer wall play a part to grind, push material and be broken, be conducive to pyrolysis product and discharge from material particles, improve biomass liquefying efficiency;
4, the present invention adopts two rotating pipes to turning, and realizes material diversion pyrolysis liquefaction, improves pyrolysis liquefaction intensity;
5, the present invention makes pyrolysis gas draw reactor through pyrolysis gas pipeline by induced draft fan, has reduced the residence time of pyrolysis gas in reactor, has reduced the pressure in reactor, thereby has limited the generation of second pyrolysis, improves biomass liquefying efficiency;
6, the present invention is good to material particular diameter adaptability, and particle diameter is not strict with, and reduces energy consumption and the cost of biomass precrushings processing, can continuously feeding, and operation is convenient, stable, has the efficiency of fluidized-bed, but has overcome the shortcoming of fluidized-bed;
7, the present invention is applicable to various biomass material production bio oil, can extract and prepare chemical substance, vaporizing system for uses such as synthetic gas, vapor reforming hydrogen production and fossil oil cofiring, boiler combustion, combustion in IC engine and emulsification, combustions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1;
Number in the figure: 1 reactor, 2 thermal insulation layers, 3 hot waste gas layer wall, 4 hot waste gas layers, 5 pyrolytic layer walls, 6 pyrolytic layers, 7 taper furnace bottoms, 8 internal combustion rotating pipes, 9 leaf seam plates, 10 blades, 11 tracks, 12 hoppers, 13 hot waste gas reflux lines, 14 exhaust emission tube roads, 15 gears, 16 gears, 17 gears, 18 speed reduction units, 19 variable-frequency motors, 20 air flowmeter, 21 air doors, 22 air lines, 23 blower fans, 24 refluxing and pyrolyzing airshed meters, 25 refluxing and pyrolyzing air valves, 26 pyrolysis gas reflux lines, 27 condensers, 28 induced draft fans, 29 delivery valves, 30 spark arresters, 31 lighting-up tuyeres, 32 cyclonic separators, 33 rotary support pipelines, 34 gas pipelines, 35 pyrolysis gas pipelines, 36 internal combustion intake ductings, 37 bearings, 38 internal combustion outlet pipes, 39 internal combustion portholes.
Below pass through embodiment, and the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, adopt the oval tubular reactor 1 of class, it is axially horizontally disposed that reactor 1 is, and the sidewall of reactor 1 is set to jacket structured, and chuck is followed successively by pyrolytic layer 6, pyrolytic layer wall 5, hot waste gas layer 4, hot waste gas layer wall 3 and thermal insulation layer 2 from inside to outside; Track 11 is set on pyrolytic layer wall 5; Below the centerplane of reactor 1, sustained height place arranges two horizontal internal combustion rotating pipes 8, along the circle alternate of its wall, multiple leaf seam plates 9 are set in two internal combustion rotating pipe 8 inside, the gap of leaf seam plate 9 does not communicate with internal combustion rotating pipe 8 inside, in the gap of leaf seam plate 9, blade 10 is set, blade 10 overhanging ends are connected with track 11; Internal combustion rotating pipe 8 two ends connect two rotary support pipelines 33 with one heart, at interior internal combustion intake ducting 36 and the internal combustion outlet pipe 38 of arranging respectively of two rotary support pipelines 33; Hopper 12 is set above reactor 1, and hopper 12 communicates with pyrolytic layer 6, undertakes taper furnace bottom 7 in the bottom of reactor 1, and taper furnace bottom 7 communicates with pyrolytic layer 6, and slag-drip opening is positioned at cone end mouth; Pyrolysis gas pipeline 35 is set on pyrolytic layer wall 5, pyrolysis gas pipeline 35 the other ends are drawn reactor, and be communicated with the cyclonic separator 32 that is in reactor outside, the top gas outlet of cyclonic separator 32 connects condenser 27, on condenser 27, be respectively arranged with oil outlet and pyrolysis gas outlet, delivery valve 29 is installed on oil outlet pipeline, and pyrolysis gas outlet connects induced draft fan 28.
In the present embodiment, utilize the burning form biomass pyrolysis liquefaction heating of pyrolysis byproducts pyrolysis gas, specifically export on pyrolysis gas pipeline 35 pyrolysis gas reflux line 26 is set at induced draft fan 28, backflow pyrolysis gas valve 25 and refluxing and pyrolyzing airshed meter 24 are installed on pyrolysis gas reflux line 26.In two internal combustion intake ducting 36 inside, gas pipeline 34 is set, gas pipeline 34 is connected to pyrolysis gas reflux line 26 from internal combustion intake ducting 36 entrances, and spark arrester 30 is installed on gas pipeline 34, the air-supply duct take pyrolysis gas reflux line 26 as gas pipeline 34.On two internal combustion intake ductings 36, air line 22 is set, air flowmeter 20 and air door 21 are installed on air line 22, air line 22 is connected to blower fan 23.
In concrete enforcement, also comprise:
Hot waste gas reflux line 13 and exhaust emission tube road 14 are set respectively on hot waste gas layer wall 3, hot waste gas reflux line 13 is connected to internal combustion outlet pipe 38, the outlet in exhaust emission tube road 14 is extended to reactor outside, air-supply duct take hot waste gas reflux line 13 as hot waste gas layer 4, the backflow of high temperature hot waste gas is conducive to improve temperature in stove, save energy.
Two internal combustion rotating pipes 8 are the rotatable parts that driven by transmission rig, and arrange accordingly speed reduction unit 18, gear 17, gear 16 and gear 15, driven by variable-frequency motor 19.
In order to light a fire and to observe refluxing and pyrolyzing gas firing situation, at the set-point, ingress of internal combustion intake ducting 36 burner 31, in the exit of internal combustion outlet pipe 38, internal combustion porthole 39 is set.
In order to monitor the operation conditions of reactor, set temperature and pressure display instrument table on reactor.
In working process, biomass material is sent into by hopper 12 between the blade 10 of pyrolytic layer 6; Two internal combustion rotating pipes 8 are through geartransmission motion for the relative rotation under the driving of variable-frequency motor 19, and blade 10, along with internal combustion rotating pipe 8 rotates, meanwhile, is made stretching motion under the effect of track 11, and material is along with blade 10 rotates.In the process falling in material rotation, on the one hand, the heat coming via internal combustion rotating pipe 8 and 5 transmissions of pyrolytic layer wall adds thermal material generation thermo-cracking; On the other hand, along with pyrolytic layer diminishing gradually, internal combustion rotating pipe 8 and pyrolytic layer wall 5 play grinding, extruding and crushing effect to material, are conducive to pyrolysis product and discharge from material particles, improve biomass liquefying efficiency.Finally, a small amount of lime-ash falls into taper furnace bottom 7 from pyrolytic layer 6 bottoms, discharges from cone end slag-drip opening.
Under the suction of induced draft fan 28, the pyrolysis gas pipeline 35 of high temperature pyrolysis gas from pyrolytic layer wall 5 enters cyclonic separator 32, after cyclone dust removal, high temperature pyrolysis gas enters condenser 27 from the top gas outlet of cyclonic separator 32, in condenser 27, most of pyrolysis gas is condensed and forms bio oil, and last bio oil flows into oil header through delivery valve 29.
The air outlet of uncooled pyrolysis gas on condenser 27 sucks induced draft fan 28 through pyrolysis gas pipeline, pyrolysis gas enters pyrolysis gas reflux line 26 from induced draft fan 28 outlets are discharged, in pyrolysis gas reflux line 26, enter gas pipeline 34 through refluxing and pyrolyzing air valve 25, refluxing and pyrolyzing airshed meter 24, in gas pipeline 34, enter two internal combustion rotating pipes 8 through spark arrester 30, combustion air is introduced two internal combustion intake ductings 36 from blower fan 23 through air door 21 and air flowmeter 20, the lighter for ignition ignition of inserting by lighting-up tuyere 31.High-temperature gas after burning enters hot waste gas layer 4 through two internal combustion outlet pipes 38, hot waste gas reflux line 13, last, discharges reactor 1 from exhaust emission tube road 14.When the type of heating that this internal combustion and hot waste gas reflux improves temperature of reactor and biomass pyrolytic efficiency, effectively avoid the flue gas after burning to sneak in reactor, biomass liquefying efficiency, bio oil calorific value, stability and pyrolysis gas calorific value are improved, the impact of having avoided flue gas to collect pyrolysis gas condensation, reduce power loss, reduced the total cost of biomass pyrolysis liquefaction.
Claims (4)
1. internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device, is characterized in that
The sidewall of reactor (1) is set to jacket structured, and described chuck is followed successively by pyrolytic layer (6), pyrolytic layer wall (5), hot waste gas layer (4), hot waste gas layer wall (3) and thermal insulation layer (2) from inside to outside; Track (11) is set on described pyrolytic layer wall (5); Sustained height place, centerplane below at described reactor (1) arranges two horizontal internal combustion rotating pipes (8), along the circle alternate of its wall, multiple leaves seam plates (9) are set in described two internal combustion rotating pipes (8) inside, the gap of described leaf seam plate (9) does not communicate with internal combustion rotating pipe (8) inside, in the gap of described leaf seam plate (9), blade (10) is set, described blade (10) overhanging end is connected with track (11); Described internal combustion rotating pipe (8) two ends connect two rotary support pipelines (33) with one heart, in described two rotary support pipelines (33), internal combustion intake ducting (36) and internal combustion outlet pipe (38) are set respectively; In the top of described reactor (1), hopper (12) is set, described hopper (12) communicates with pyrolytic layer (6), undertake taper furnace bottom (7) in the bottom of described reactor (1), described taper furnace bottom (7) communicates with pyrolytic layer (6), and slag-drip opening is positioned at cone end mouth; Pyrolysis gas pipeline (35) is set on described pyrolytic layer wall (5), and the institute's pyrolysis gas pipeline of telling (35) the other end is drawn reactor (1), is communicated with the induced draft fan (28) that is in reactor outside.
2. internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that arranging respectively hot waste gas reflux line (13) and exhaust emission tube road (14) on described hot waste gas layer wall (5), described hot waste gas reflux line (13) is connected to internal combustion outlet pipe (38), and the outlet in described exhaust emission tube road (14) is extended to reactor outside.
3. internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device according to claim 1, is characterized in that described two internal combustion rotating pipes (8) are the rotatable parts being driven by transmission rig.
4. internal combustion heating Spiralism type biomass pyrolysis liquefaction device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described internal combustion intake ducting (36) inside, gas pipeline (34) is set, described gas pipeline (34) is connected to fuel gas source from internal combustion intake ducting (36) entrance.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113462414A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-01 | 黄春华 | Biomass raw material pyrolysis furnace |
| CN113604234A (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2021-11-05 | 华北电力大学 | Multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis method thereof |
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| JP2005037042A (en) * | 2003-07-15 | 2005-02-10 | Meidensha Corp | Heat processing device |
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| CN113604234B (en) * | 2021-07-09 | 2024-02-02 | 华北电力大学 | Multi-chamber organic solid waste pyrolysis reactor and pyrolysis method thereof |
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