CN103782798A - Fruiting shaping and bundling method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation - Google Patents
Fruiting shaping and bundling method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782798A CN103782798A CN201210434003.7A CN201210434003A CN103782798A CN 103782798 A CN103782798 A CN 103782798A CN 201210434003 A CN201210434003 A CN 201210434003A CN 103782798 A CN103782798 A CN 103782798A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fruiting shaping and bundling method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation, and belongs to edible fungi cultivation technology. The method is characterized in that in the growth fruiting procedure, when 85% of fruit bodies in a culture bottle form mushroom buds and stipes are higher 30 to 40 mm than cultivation material surface, light blue transparent sector-shaped package slices, which are provided with ventilation holes, which are made of pure high-pressure polyethylene material and which are made by a three-layer film-blowing masterbatch sandwich process, cylindrically sleeve the peripheries of bottle mouths one by one. After the trial, compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that resource reuse rate is high; compared with the prior art of using non-woven fabric package slices which are recovered and reused less than 100 times each, recovered and reused time of the light blue transparent sector-shaped package slices is increased to more than 200 times; light supplementary and growth guide effect on the fruit bodies closing to the package slices is good, and the fruit bodies closing to the package slices are well consistent with the rest part of the fruit bodies; shaping and bundling effect is good, harvest quality of the Flammulina velutipes is improved, and yield is increased.
Description
Technical field: the invention belongs to Edible Fungi technology, particularly the moulding bunchy method of the fruiting in a kind of industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom.
Background technology: Asparagus formal name used at school hair handle money bacterium, be commonly called as structure bacterium, plain mushroom, dried mushroom etc., belong to Agaricales Tricholomataceae genus flammulina.Its biology morphology feature: golden mushroom mycelium is formed by spore germination, under culture conditions, the mycelia fine hair shape that is conventionally white in color, has tabula and branch, and a lot of mycelia flock together and just become mycelium; The fruit body of Asparagus is made up of cap, lamella, stem three parts, most bunchy growths, and meat softness is flexible.Cap is spherical in shape or be flat hemispherical, and 1.5～7 centimetres of diameters are spherical, open and flat gradually when children, fold upwards turnup in edge when overmatureration.There is colloid thin layer on cap surface, toughness when wet, look yellowish-white is to yellowish-brown, bacterial context white, central authorities are thick, thin edge, lamella white or ivory white, more sparse, different in size, with stem from raw or curved life.Stem central authorities are raw, and hollow cylindrical is slightly bending, and long 3.5～15 centimetres, 0.3～1.5 centimetre of diameter, stem base portion is connected, and top is meat, and bottom is keratin, the close raw pitchy down in surface, basidiospore is born on lamella sporiferous layer, and spore is cylindrical, colourless.
In industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, how to cultivate into there is color and luster purity, cap is neat, the bunchy commodity mushroom of the sturdy strong profile of stem, that is the moulding bunchy technology of fruiting is the core technology in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, be the important measures that cultivating flammulina velutipes obtains good quality and high output.
The moulding bunchy method of fruiting in existing industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom is:
Described in prior art document 1 Chinese Patent Application No. 201010247461.0 " the fruiting shaping technology in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom ", " the fruiting shaping technology in a kind of industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, is characterized in that: the moulding action opportunity of A.: the fruit body that forms mushroom flower bud when the fastest minority of growth comes into effect fruiting shaping technology while exceeding 20 ± 2 millimeters of cultivation charge levels; The fruit body that the fastest minority of described growth forms mushroom flower bud exceeds 20 ± 2 millimeters of cultivation charge levels and refers to that growth rate is cultivated faster by a fruit body that forms mushroom flower bud in bottle and exceed and cultivate charge level 18-22 millimeter.B. moulding environmental key-element control: 4 ± 1 ℃ of ambient air temperatures, surrounding air relative moisture 83 ± 2%, surrounding air carbon dioxide content 2700 ± 100PPm, C. moulding method: wide 5 meters, long 8 meters, in the mushroom room of high 5 meters, adopt three bedstead two passages longitudinally to put, each bedstead is divided between the upper and lower 6 layers every 48 centimetres, laterally put 2 frames near every layer of two bedstead of wall, longitudinally put 14 frames, every layer of bedstead between two passages is laterally put 3 frames, longitudinally put 14 frames, every frame is deposited 4 × 4 planting material bottles, every layer of single direction adopts public attention pressure 9 ± 1Pa, 160 cubes ms/h of air quantity, 1 aerofoil fan of power 60W, intermittently within 1 minute, once laterally blow to the fruit body of the formation mushroom flower bud of cultivation bottle bottleneck, 6 aerofoil fans at upper and lower corresponding 6 layers of bedstead interval are vertically installed on along on the adjustable shelf of passage longitudinal translation, adopt fluorescent tube 1 40W fluorescent lamp to be vertically installed on the adjustable shelf of above-mentioned aerofoil fan perpendicular to the mode of every 3 layers of bedstead escapement, when intermittently within 1 minute, once trace is dried, carry out micro-illumination to cultivation by the fruit body of the formation mushroom flower bud of bottle bottleneck, the duration of trace blowing and illumination is 84 ± 12 hours, complete after intermittently trace blowing and illumination, moulding environmental temperature returns to 7 ± 1 ℃, through the tachyauxesis of 48 ± 12 hours, the bunchy commodity mushroom of long 15 ± 1 millimeters of timely collecting mushroom flower bud and fruit body in the time cultivating 28 ± 2 millimeters of charge levels in the high bottle outlet of fruit body that forms mushroom flower bud." not mentionedly in above-mentioned prior art document 1 there is color and luster purity in order to be bred as, cap is neat, the bunchy commodity mushroom of the sturdy strong profile of stem, need to around put and wrap mushroom paper at cultivation bottleneck in good time in appropriate vegetative period.
The 1st edition the 47th page of prior art document 2 " Asparagus production key technology hundred asks that hundred answer " Chinese agriculture publishing house January in 2006: " treat that fruit body grows 3 centimetres of bottlenecks, can overlap upper paper tube, proceed to fertility chamber ".
The moulding bunchy method of fruiting in the industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom of prior art, putting and wrapping mushroom paper around cultivation bottleneck in good time in appropriate vegetative period in prior art document 2, also adopts bottleneck socket around to surround the fan-shaped nonwoven bag mushroom sheet of tubular.No matter be around cultivation bottleneck, to put bag mushroom paper, or bottleneck socket around surrounds the fan-shaped nonwoven bag mushroom sheet of tubular, all exists following not enough in actual use:
1, resource recycling rate of waterused is low.Bag mushroom paper is difficult to recycle and reuse, although fan-shaped nonwoven bag mushroom sheet can recycle and reuse, but nonwoven is a kind of non-weaving cloth, it is directly to utilize high polymer section, short fiber or long filament that fiber is passed through to air-flow or mechanical-moulded, then sting through water, acupuncture, hot rolling is reinforced, finally by arranging later the cloth without braiding forming, there is softness, ventilative and planar structure " (seeing Baidupedia " nonwoven " entry).Be difficult to the problem of cleaning but be stained with because its eyelet is small to exist after foreign matter, just because of there is this defect, use for several times after permeability sharply decline, the more difficult effect of playing not only ventilative but also moisturizing, has had a strong impact on result of use, thereby has shortened service life.
2, to be difficult to play the effect of light filling induced growth near the fruit body of bag mushroom paper or bag mushroom sheet.No matter wrap mushroom paper or nonwoven bag mushroom sheet all exists translucent effect poor, normal growth growth near the fruit body of wrapping mushroom paper or bag mushroom sheet is affected, to picking time there will be the marginal portion of bunchy Asparagus and the cap of remainder, the obvious difference of stem, both the effect that had affected the moulding bunchy of fruiting, has also caused unnecessary production declining.
As can be seen here, study and design in the moulding process of a kind of fruiting in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, impel that it further reaches that color and luster purity, cap are neat, the moulding bunchy method of fruiting in the industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom of the sturdy strong bunchy profile of stem is necessary.
Summary of the invention: the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, study and design in the moulding process of a kind of fruiting in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, impel that it further reaches that color and luster purity, cap are neat, the moulding bunchy method of fruiting in the industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom of the sturdy strong bunchy profile of stem, bag mushroom sheet resource recycling rate of waterused simultaneously used is high, to effective near the fruit body light filling induced growth of bag mushroom sheet.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of moulding bunchy method of fruiting in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, it is characterized in that giving birth in fruiting flow process, when cultivation account in bottle sum 85% fruit-body formation mushroom flower bud and stem exceed while cultivating 35 ± 5 millimeters of charge levels, around bottleneck, be socketed the fan-shaped nonwoven bag mushroom sheet that substitutes paper web or surround tubular by bottle, surround the light blue transparent fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet that the female sandwich techniques of three layers of blown film look of the pure material of the polyethylene from high pressure process with small ventilating holes of tubular are made.
Fan-shaped in described fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet refers to that 14.5 ± 5 millimeters of height, lower arc Length Ratio cultivation bottle bottleneck girth increase the fan-shaped of 15 ° of 30 ± 5 millimeters, central angle.The technique effect of this design is that lower little large tubular is 15 ° to the opening angle of surrounding when in the time that around cultivation bottle bottleneck, socket surrounds tubular, and it highly just in time meets the requirement of the long 14-16 of fruit body stem centimetre in high-quality mushroom harvesting standard.
The small ventilating holes that described light blue transparent fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet has refer to 20 ± 1 millimeters of ordered arrangements of embarking on journey of line-spacing, through hole 20 ± 1 millimeters of spacing, 3 ± 1 millimeters of diameters between hole, in concrete enforcement, adopt 4 row, every row 14-16 small ventilating holes.The technique effect of this design is both to have met bag mushroom sheet needs to breathe freely, and has again the effect of moisturizing, to playing good result near the sporophore growth of bag mushroom sheet.
The thickness of described light blue transparent fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet is 0.27 ± 0.03 millimeter.The technique effect of this design is around cultivating with bottle bottleneck, to be socketed the setting intensity while surrounding tubular in both having guaranteed to use, and has again the good effect that sees through light blue light.
Technique scheme of the present invention, examination is implemented on the moulding bunchy process of fruiting in the applicant's industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, has compared with prior art shown following beneficial effect:
1, resource recycling rate of waterused is high.With in prior art document 1,2 being difficult to recycling bag mushroom paper compared with, in method of the present invention, wrap mushroom sheet and can reuse; Compared with using the prior art of nonwoven bag mushroom sheet, repeat the number of times recycled by every nonwoven bag mushroom sheet less than 100 times, increase considerably more than 200 times.
2, to effective near the fruit body light filling induced growth of bag mushroom sheet.Compared with bag mushroom paper in the prior art document 2 poor with translucent effect, compared with the fan-shaped nonwoven bag mushroom sheet poor with the translucent effect of prior art, the light blue fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet that the female sandwich technique of three layers of blown film look of the pure material of the polyethylene from high pressure process with small ventilating holes adopting in the present invention is made, not only translucent effect obviously improves, and the light blue light wave that light blue bag mushroom sheet sees through has better micro-photosynthesis, make near the fruit body of bag mushroom sheet and the sporophore growth high conformity of remainder.
3, moulding bunchy is effective, has not only improved the quality of gathering of Asparagus, and has increased output.Because the light blue fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet that adopts the female sandwich technique of three layers of blown film look of the pure material of polyethylene from high pressure process with small ventilating holes to make in the present invention carries out moulding bunchy, fruit body light filling induced growth near bag mushroom sheet is effective, make near the fruit body of bag mushroom sheet and the sporophore growth high conformity of remainder, the finished product mushroom periphery of bunchy is without the dried-up phenomenon of dehydration, thereby make the whole bundle Asparagus of each cultivation in bottle further reach color and luster purity, cap is neat, the sturdy strong bunchy profile of stem, and with prior art to picking time there is the marginal portion of bunchy Asparagus and the cap of remainder, the obvious difference of stem is compared, increase output more than 5%.
4, easy to clean.With in prior art document 2 being difficult to recycling bag mushroom paper and the nonwoven bag mushroom sheet of prior art compare, after wrapping mushroom sheet in method of the present invention and can directly adopting clear water to soak, by the attached objects such as the Asparagus slag bits that stick on bag mushroom sheet that stay to clean up simply up hill and dale.
Embodiment:
Technical solution of the present invention part explanation specific, concrete, therefore be omitted.
Claims (4)
1. the moulding bunchy method of fruiting in an industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, it is characterized in that giving birth in fruiting flow process, when cultivation account in bottle sum 85% fruit-body formation mushroom flower bud and stem while exceeding 35 ± 5 millimeters of charge levels of cultivation, be socketed around bottleneck by bottle and surround the light blue transparent fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet that three layers of sandwich technique of blown film looks mother of the pure material of the polyethylene from high pressure process with small ventilating holes of tubular are made.
2. the moulding bunchy method of fruiting according to claim 1, is characterized in that fan-shaped in described fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet refers to that 14.5 ± 5 millimeters of height, lower arc Length Ratio cultivation bottle bottleneck girth increase the fan-shaped of 15 ° of 30 ± 5 millimeters, central angle.
3. the moulding bunchy method of fruiting according to claim 1, it is characterized in that small ventilating holes that described light blue transparent fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet has refer to 20 ± 1 millimeters of ordered arrangements of embarking on journey of line-spacing, through hole 20 ± 1 millimeters of spacing, 3 ± 1 millimeters of diameters between hole.
4. the moulding bunchy method of fruiting according to claim 1, is characterized in that the thickness of described light blue transparent fan-shaped bag mushroom sheet is 0.27 ± 0.03 millimeter.
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| CN201210434003.7A CN103782798A (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Fruiting shaping and bundling method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009935A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 德阳市明润农业开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for post nutrition material of morchella esculenta |
| CN108651159A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-10-16 | 福建神农菇业股份有限公司 | A kind of bottle cultivating method of seafood mushroom |
| CN109511459A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-26 | 河北中尔新材料有限公司 | Packet mushroom piece and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
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| CN101617607A (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-01-06 | 余荣琳 | The method of cultivating flammulina velutipes in blue sleeve |
| CN102246660A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-11-23 | 滨海天扬生态农业有限公司 | Needle mushroom factory production technique flow |
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- 2012-10-31 CN CN201210434003.7A patent/CN103782798A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101617607A (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-01-06 | 余荣琳 | The method of cultivating flammulina velutipes in blue sleeve |
| CN102246660A (en) * | 2011-05-06 | 2011-11-23 | 滨海天扬生态农业有限公司 | Needle mushroom factory production technique flow |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 无: "供应包菇片", 《HTTP://WWW.21FOOD.CN/OFFERDETAIL/3037190.HTML》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105009935A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-04 | 德阳市明润农业开发有限公司 | Cultivation method for post nutrition material of morchella esculenta |
| CN108651159A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-10-16 | 福建神农菇业股份有限公司 | A kind of bottle cultivating method of seafood mushroom |
| CN109511459A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-26 | 河北中尔新材料有限公司 | Packet mushroom piece and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |