CN103782796A - Bottle filling material moisture balance control method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation - Google Patents
Bottle filling material moisture balance control method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103782796A CN103782796A CN201210433626.2A CN201210433626A CN103782796A CN 103782796 A CN103782796 A CN 103782796A CN 201210433626 A CN201210433626 A CN 201210433626A CN 103782796 A CN103782796 A CN 103782796A
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Abstract
The invention provides a bottled filling material moisture balance control method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation, and belongs to edible fungi cultivation technology. The method is characterized by including, before a material mixing procedure: A, selecting corn cob material with more than 85% of corn cob particles with 2 to 8 mm diameters in a same batch of corn cob material particles as bottle filling material; B, selecting corn cob particles with the water swelling ratio of 1: 5 to 6 in different batches in the step A as the bottle filling material; C, adding water, according to the cultivated material formula ratio, in other varieties of materials configured according to weight before mixing evenly, and filling into culture bottles. After the trial, compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that moisture content amount of the bottle filling material is controlled in a balanced manner, differences of fruit bodies growing in the culture bottles in sizes and thicknesses of stems are reduced significantly, quality of qualified Flammulina velutipes is guaranteed, and yield is increased by more than 15% averagely.
Description
Technical field: the present invention relates to the bottled material moisture balance control method in a kind of industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom technology, particularly a kind of industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom.
Background technology: Asparagus formal name used at school hair handle money bacterium, be commonly called as structure bacterium, plain mushroom, dried mushroom etc., belong to Agaricales Tricholomataceae genus flammulina.Its biology morphology feature: golden mushroom mycelium is formed by spore germination, under culture conditions, the mycelia fine hair shape that is conventionally white in color, has tabula and branch, and a lot of mycelia flock together and just become mycelium; The fruit body of Asparagus is made up of cap, lamella, stem three parts, most bunchy growths, and meat softness is flexible.Cap is spherical in shape or be flat hemispherical, and 1.5～7 centimetres of diameters are spherical, open and flat gradually when children, fold upwards turnup in edge when overmatureration.There is colloid thin layer on cap surface, toughness when wet, look yellowish-white is to yellowish-brown, bacterial context white, central authorities are thick, thin edge, lamella white or ivory white, more sparse, different in size, with stem from raw or curved life.Stem central authorities are raw, and hollow cylindrical is slightly bending, and long 3.5～15 centimetres, 0.3～1.5 centimetre of diameter, stem base portion is connected, and top is meat, and bottom is keratin, the close raw pitchy down in surface, basidiospore is born on lamella sporiferous layer, and spore is cylindrical, colourless.
Facts have proved of industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, although met strictly by formula rate batching, held accurately amount of water, stirred fully, also adopt the balanced new technology of controlling of bottled material nutrient composition, pack the cultivation materials that meet above-mentioned requirements into for cultivation bottle, again through meeting the high-temperature sterilization-cooling-operations such as inoculation-bacteria of technical requirement, but still occur during to fertility fruiting operation each cultivation with bottle in the fruit body size, the mushroom stem thickness that grow there is obvious difference.Such cultivation result, has directly affected the accurate assurance of collecting time in batches on the one hand, must affect on the other hand the further raising of the qualified mushroom output of finished product and quality.
For the fruit body size growing in bottle for above-mentioned cultivation, mushroom stem thickness occurs that the reason of notable difference seeks, get rid of outside the variance factor of culture technique condition of the each operation of whole industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom overall process, although adopted the balanced new technology of controlling of bottled material nutrient composition, and hold amount of water accurately, further reason is sought to dissect and is found that its crucial reason is that each cultivation bottled material water content in bottle exists obvious difference, and cause each cultivation with bottle in bottled material water content exist the leading factor of obvious difference be granule corn core in bottled material not only particle size there is notable difference, and also there is notable difference in the expansion ratio of the granule corn core of the roughly the same different batches of particle size range after because of its water suction, these two differences have caused under the constant condition of amount of water just, contain more particle diameter large, the bottled material of the granule corn core that expansion ratio is little, actual water content is easily lower than 63%, send out bacterium stage mycelial growth slow, fertility fruiting stage fruit body lack of water, mushroom bulk-growth is slow, it is large that cap becomes, on the contrary, contain more particle diameter little, the bottled material of the granule corn core that expansion ratio is large, actual water content, often higher than 67%, is sent out bacterium stage mycelial growth thin and delicate unable, and fertility fruiting stage fruit body moisture content is too high, easily causes water mushroom.
In prior art, the particle size of the granule corn core in same batch of each former pocket is not measured and selected and controlled, more the expansion ratio after the water suction of the granule corn core in the each former pocket of different batches is not measured and selected and controlled, but use in order randomly granule corn core raw material, although strictly pressed formula rate batching, also held amount of water accurately, stir fully, but still cause the actual water content of each bottling planting material to differ greatly, also just will inevitably produce the fruit body size growing in bottle for cultivation, mushroom stem thickness difference.
As can be seen here, study and design a kind of obvious fruit body size, mushroom stem thickness difference of growing in bottle for cultivation that reduced, the bottled material moisture balance control method further having improved again in the output of the qualified mushroom of finished product and the industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom of quality is necessary.
Summary of the invention: the object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, study and design a kind of obvious fruit body size, mushroom stem thickness difference of growing in bottle for cultivation that reduced, further improved again the bottled material moisture balance control method in the output of the qualified mushroom of finished product and the industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom of quality.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A bottled material moisture balance control method in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, is characterized in that carrying out successively following steps before spice operation:
A, the granule corn core material of same batch carried out to particle size screening control, select particle diameter 2---the weight of the granule corn core of 8 millimeters accounts for gross weight and is greater than 85% granule corn core raw material as bottled material raw material;
B, to variant batch through the expands screening control of water suction ratio of the selected bottled material raw material of steps A, selecting after testing expands absorbs water and compares k=P
0: P
1the granule corn core raw material of=1:5-6 is as bottled material raw material, P in formula
0for the granule corn core example weight extracting, P
1for being placed in water, the granule corn core product that extract soak the weight of water of drawing for 1 ± 0.2 hour;
C, other various raw materials by weight ratio according to plant formulation regulation ratio poach after, pack bottle for cultivation into.
Bottled material moisture balance control method in the industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom that the invention process obtains, through practical probation, has compared with prior art shown following beneficial effect:
1, obviously reduced the fruit body size, the mushroom stem thickness difference that grow in bottle for each cultivation.With prior art the particle size of the granule corn core in same batch of each former pocket is not measured and select control, more the expansion ratio after the water suction of the granule corn core in the each former pocket of different batches is not measured and selected and controlled, just use in order randomly granule corn core raw material difference, after the invention process before using granule corn core raw material, the granule corn core material of same batch is carried out to particle size screening to be controlled, abandon particle diameter and be less than the granule corn core that 2 millimeters and particle diameter are greater than 8 millimeters, also to the expand screening control of water suction ratio of the granule corn core of the granule corn core material 2-8 millimeter of variant batch, abandoning and expanding water suction than being less than 1:5 and being greater than the granule corn core material of 1:6, through twice screening control of the present invention, in the main component granule corn core material that affects water content in the bottled material after plant formulation regulation ratio poach, because its particle size obtains balanced control with the water suction of expanding than the bottled material water content difference of different generations, because bottled material water content difference obtains balanced control, the inevitable obviously minimizing of fruit body size, mushroom stem thickness difference respectively growing in bottle for cultivation.
2, output and the quality of the qualified mushroom of finished product have further been improved.Because bottled material water content difference obtains balanced control, meeting under the culture technique condition of the each operation of industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom overall process, fruiting is neat, each cultivation is close by the fruit body size, the mushroom stem thickness that grow in bottle, collecting time is consistent in batches, and the quality of the qualified mushroom of finished product is guaranteed, compared with using in order randomly the prior art of granule corn core raw material, not only the quality of the qualified mushroom of finished product is guaranteed, and output has also on average improved more than 15%.
Embodiment: below in conjunction with specific embodiment, implementation detail of the present invention is described as follows:
Embodiment 1 is as 2012.10.20, the corncob raw material that Jilin produces, and 20 bags, randomly draw 2 kilograms, each sample in 5 bags, totally 10 kilograms, 5 samples, adopt screen method to record sample particle diameter and are less than 2 millimeters 0.3 kilogram; Particle diameter is greater than 0.9 kilogram of 8 millimeters, accounts for granule corn core total weight percent 88% so obtain the weight of the granule corn core of the particle diameter 2-8 millimeter of this sample, judges and can be used as bottled material raw material according to the criterion that is greater than 85%.
The corncob raw material of producing from this batch of Jilin is randomly drawed 5 samples 5 bags, 100 grams, each sample, totally 500 grams pack in container, add 3500 ml waters, after 1 hour, water drop is gone out and be measured as 568 milliliters with measuring cup, 2932 grams of actual water suctions, the water suction that obtains expanding is than 500: 2932=1: 5.86; Meet judgement and require 1: 5-6, judges and can be used as bottled material raw material.
Embodiment 2 is as 2012.10.26, the corn core material that Liaoyang produces, and 30 bags, randomly draw 2 kilograms, each sample in 6 bags, totally 12 kilograms, 5 samples, adopt screen method to record sample particle diameter and are less than 2 millimeters 1.3 kilograms; Particle diameter is greater than 1.8 kilograms of 8 millimeters, accounts for granule corn core total weight percent 74% so obtain the weight of the granule corn core of the particle diameter 2-8 millimeter of this sample, judges and cannot serve as bottled material raw material according to the criterion that is greater than 85%.
Claims (1)
1. the bottled material moisture balance control method in industrialized cultivation for needle mushroom, is characterized in that carrying out successively following steps before spice operation:
A, the granule corn core material of same batch is carried out to particle size screening control, select the weight of the granule corn core of particle diameter 2-8 millimeter to account for gross weight and be greater than 85% granule corn core raw material as bottled material raw material;
B, to variant batch through the expands screening control of water suction ratio of the selected bottled material raw material of steps A, selecting after testing expands absorbs water and compares k=P
0: P
1the granule corn core raw material of=1:5-6 is as bottled material raw material, P in formula
0for the granule corn core example weight extracting, P
1for being placed in water, the granule corn core product that extract soak the weight of water of drawing for 1 ± 0.2 hour;
C, other various raw materials by weight ratio according to plant formulation regulation ratio poach after, pack bottle for cultivation into.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210433626.2A CN103782796A (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Bottle filling material moisture balance control method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation |
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| CN201210433626.2A CN103782796A (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2012-10-31 | Bottle filling material moisture balance control method in Flammulina velutipes industrial cultivation |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102511312A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | Method for processing cultivation material for edible fungi |
| CN102630485A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-15 | 何寒 | Method for cultivating flammulina velutipes through taking water-retaining agent solidified nutrient solution as culture medium |
-
2012
- 2012-10-31 CN CN201210433626.2A patent/CN103782796A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102511312A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | Method for processing cultivation material for edible fungi |
| CN102630485A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-15 | 何寒 | Method for cultivating flammulina velutipes through taking water-retaining agent solidified nutrient solution as culture medium |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘建军等: "食用菌工厂化生产培养料制备技术的研究", 《食用菌》 * |
| 张锋伦等: "HACCP体系在食用菌工厂化生产中的应用", 《食用菌学报》 * |
| 李正鹏: "杏鲍菇工厂化栽培培养料理化性质研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库农业科技辑》 * |
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Application publication date: 20140514 |