CN102301913B - Method for artificially cultivating Ganoderma guinanense fruiting bodies - Google Patents

Method for artificially cultivating Ganoderma guinanense fruiting bodies Download PDF

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CN102301913B
CN102301913B CN2011101931280A CN201110193128A CN102301913B CN 102301913 B CN102301913 B CN 102301913B CN 2011101931280 A CN2011101931280 A CN 2011101931280A CN 201110193128 A CN201110193128 A CN 201110193128A CN 102301913 B CN102301913 B CN 102301913B
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cultivation
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sucrose
cultivation base
humidity
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CN102301913A (en
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宋斌
邹方伦
吴兴亮
李泰辉
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Guangdong Detection Center of Microbiology of Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
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Guangdong Institute of Microbiology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for artificially cultivating Ganoderma guinanense fruiting bodies, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: carrying out a tissue separation or a spore separation on fresh Ganoderma guinanense (Ganoderma guinanense J.D.Zhao et Z.Q.Zhang) fruiting bodies; then culturing on a PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) slant culture medium and a slant comprehensive PDA culture medium to obtain a stock spawn for production; then inoculating the cultured sporophores into a stock culture medium to be cultured; culturing until mature fruiting bodies grow. According to the artificially cultivating method provided by the invention, the biological efficiency of the Ganoderma guinanense fruiting bodies can reach 35-75%, namely 35-75 g of fresh Ganoderma guinanense fruiting bodies can be obtained by utilizing 100 g of culture materials for production; and the fresh Ganoderma guinanense fruiting bodies can be used as raw materials or materials for researching.

Description

The artificial cultivation method of south, a kind of osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, relate in particular to the artificial cultivation method of south, a kind of osmanthus glossy ganoderma (Ganodermaguinanense J.D.Zhao et X.Q.Zhang) fruit body.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P.Karst.) is owing to contain GL-B, glossy ganoderma polypeptide, triterpenes, amino acid, protein, steroid class, mannitol, coumarin glycosides, alkaloid, organic acid and micro-Ge, P, Fe, Ca, Mn, Zn etc.; Have suppress tumour, sedation and analgesia, immunological regulation, anti-radiation, protecting liver and detoxication, antiallergy, adjusting blood pressure, reducing blood lipid and hypoglycemic, kobadrin is relievingd asthma, the anti-ageing effect of waiting for a long time of anti-hypoxia; Dietotherapeutic and having no side effect; Thereby the green grass or young crops that receives consumers in general narrows, and the market demand is vigorous.China's glossy ganoderma kind is abundant; Kind is above 100 kinds; Record and narrate the glossy ganoderma that can utilize in the among the people or document and be no less than 20 kinds, wherein also have purple sesame (Ganoderma sinense J.D.Zhao, L.W.Hsu&X.Q.Zhang) and Ganoderma tsugae (Ganoderma tsugae Murrill) etc.
Osmanthus south glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma guinanense J.D.Zhao et X.Q.Zhang) is claimed black sesame etc. again in the locality; In classification, be under the jurisdiction of mycota (Fungi), Basidiomycota (Basidiomycota), agaric guiding principle (Agaricomycetes), Aphyllophorales (Polyporales), Ganodermataceae (Ganodermatacea), Ganoderma (Ganoderma), only distribution arranged at present on Guangxi, Hainan and other places.The principal character of south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma is: basidiocarps is annual, and handle is arranged, suberin; The cap subcircular, middle body is recessed, the about 7.5cm of diameter, thick 3~8mm, surperficial crineous is to black, has concentricity but not obvious, and vertical wrinkle is arranged, and is smooth, and paint-like gloss is arranged, and the edge is complete, and is sharp, the infertile band that following mask is narrow; Bacterial context is uniform brown, thick 3~5.5mm, and trend edge gradual change is thin; Long 1~the 2mm of tube, hole face brown, mouth of pipe subcircular, 4~5 every millimeter; Give birth in the stem, be about 11cm, thick 1~1.2cm, the paint-like gloss that tool is strong leans on the outer field bacterial context of stem hard slightly, thick 2~3mm, filbert, internal layer is soft, brown; Crustification is glued together and constitute by the generative hypha of transparent, thin-walled and closely colourless, solid skeletal hyphae, is difficult for to each other separating, and it is oblique to form the multidirectional square neck of mycelia, ultimate swelling or point slightly, wide 2~4 μ m usually, long 20~30 μ m; Mycelia system Trisomy: generative hypha is transparent, thin-walled, and diameter 3~6 μ m have diaphragm; Skeletal hyphae is with brown or filbert slightly, and heavy wall is to solid, distortion sometimes, and tree-shaped branch school or be needle-like, skeleton is in diameter 3~4 μ m, and branch is terminal to form the colourless binding hypha of flagellum shape; Binding hypha is colourless, heavy wall, diameter 1.5~2 μ m; The wide oval of basidiospore or subsphaeroidal, double wall, the outer wall water white transparency, level and smooth, the unclear spinule of inwall tool, colourless to being with brown slightly, (4.5-) 6~11 μ m * 5~8 μ m.Local or among the peoplely think that osmanthus south glossy ganoderma has sedation and analgesia, protecting liver and detoxication, reducing blood lipid and hypoglycemic, effect such as kobadrin is relievingd asthma, or be used as the substitute of glossy ganoderma, its wild resource is very limited, and does not also have the artificial cultivation method of success so far again.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to develop the artificial cultivation method of south, a kind of osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody.
We are through with wild or cultivate successfully the osmanthus new fresh sporophore of south glossy ganoderma that the back obtains and carry out separate tissue or spore separation; On inclined-plane PDA medium, cultivate then and obtain the female kind in inclined-plane; Inclined-plane female kind continuation in the inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium is cultivated or rejuvenation obtains producing the kind with mother; Inoculate in the pedigree seed culture medium to cultivate and obtain original seed, obtain producing kind through the cultivation of producing kind of medium thereafter, will produce kind to be inoculated into and produce with cultivating in the base; Be cultured to and grow ripe fruit body, thereby realized the object of the invention.
The artificial cultivation method of south, osmanthus of the present invention ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, its characteristic comprises the steps:
(1) the new fresh sporophore with osmanthus south glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma guinanense J.D.Zhao et X..Q.Zhang) carries out separate tissue, is inoculated into inclined-plane PDA medium by medium quality 3%~5% inoculum concentration then, in 23~30 ℃, humidity 60%~70% o'clock cultivation 6~18d; Cover with the inclined-plane to mycelia, the picking growing way is vigorous, the bacterium piece of sturdy homogeneous is in 4 ℃ of subsequent use or further cultivations of preservation, and the raw material of described inclined-plane PDA medium is formed by mass parts; Be 75~85 parts of the potatos of removing the peel eye, 6~10 parts of sucrose, 6~10 parts in agar make with 3~5 parts in pine needle and through following method: after raw material is weighed respectively by said composition; Earlier potato is cut into little and puts into pot with pine needle again; Add raw material and form the water of 3.5~4.5 times of gross masses, boil 20~30 minutes soft and when mashed, to potato with 6~8 layers of filtered through gauze; Get filtered juice in pot; Mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose again and stir; After being loaded on test tube sterilization while hot, being cooled to 45~50 ℃, to fall into the inclined-plane subsequent use;
(2) the bacterium piece that step (1) is obtained is seeded to by the inoculum concentration of medium quality 3%~5% and continues in the inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium to cultivate or rejuvenation, and in 23~30 ℃, humidity 60%~70% o'clock is cultivated 6~18d; Cover with the inclined-plane until mycelia; Choose that growing way is vigorous, the conduct of sturdy homogeneous produces with female and plants, the raw material of described inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium is formed by mass parts, is 75~85 parts of the potatos of removing the peel eye; 6~10 parts of sucrose; 6~10 parts in agar, 0.2~1.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2~1.5 part in magnesium sulfate and VB 10.002~0.006 part, and make through following method: after raw material is weighed respectively by said composition, earlier potato is cut into little and puts into pot; Add raw material and form the water of 3.5~4.5 times of gross masses, boil 20~30 minutes soft and when mashed, to potato with 6~8 layers of filtered through gauze; Get filtered juice in pot; Mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and VB again 1Stir, be loaded on test tube sterilization while hot after, being cooled to 45~50 ℃, to fall into the inclined-plane subsequent use;
(3) production that obtains of step (2) is seeded in the pedigree seed culture medium with female inoculum concentration of planting by medium quality 3%~10%, in 23~30 ℃, and humidity 60%~75% o'clock; Cultivate 12~25d, cover with pedigree seed culture medium, choose that growing way is vigorous, original seed is produced in the conduct of sturdy homogeneous until mycelia; Described pedigree seed culture medium is made up of by mass ratio 1: 1.0~1.3 cultivation base-material and water; Described cultivation base-material is by gross mass mark 100%, by corncob 30%~50%, and wood chip 20%~40%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%~30%, sucrose 1%~5% is formed with land plaster 1%~3%;
(4) the production original seed that step (3) is obtained is seeded to by the inoculum concentration of medium quality 3%~10% and produces in kind of the medium, in 23~30 ℃, and humidity 60%~75% o'clock; Cultivation 12~25d covers with production kind of a medium until mycelia, obtains the glossy ganoderma production of south, osmanthus and plants; Described production kind medium is made up of by mass ratio 1: 1.0~1.3 cultivation base-material and water; Described cultivation base-material is by gross mass mark 100%, by corncob 30%~50%, and wood chip 20%~40%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%~30%, sucrose 1%~5% is formed with land plaster 1%~3%;
(5) the production kind that step (4) is obtained is seeded to by the inoculum concentration of medium quality 5%~15% and produces with in the cultivation base, in 23~30 ℃ of temperature, in the cultivation room of relative moisture 60%~80%; Black 15~the 25d that cultivates is full of production to mycelia and uses the cultivation base-material, then can move into cultivation house; Described production is made up of by mass ratio 1: 1.0~1.3 cultivation base-material and water with the cultivation base; Described cultivation base-material is by gross mass mark 100%, by corncob 30%~50%, and wood chip 20%~40%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%~30%, sucrose 1%~5% is formed with land plaster 1%~3%;
(6) the cultivation base-material that covers with mycelia that step (5) is obtained is cultivated 2~4d until the high original hase of 1cm occurring at 15~20 ℃, and original hase is in 23~30 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 80%~95%; Scattered light intensity of illumination 100~1000lx ventilates 1~2 every day, cultivates to growing stem under each 0.5~1 hour condition, keeps humidity 85%~98% then; Ventilate every day 2~3 times, cap breaks up gradually under each 0.5~1 hour condition, and room light is according to intensity enhancing to 1000~2000lx; 25~29 ℃ of temperature, whole day is ventilated, and makes cap and stem color burn; Cap edge light color growth line disappears, and begins to discharge spore, strengthens indoor intensity of illumination to 2000~5000lx; Continue to cultivate 8~15 days, the cap color further deepens to be ecru to yellowish-brown, then obtains south, osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody.
The described new fresh sporophore of step (1) can be from wild fruit body or is obtained the artificial cultivation thereafter, and described inoculum concentration is medium quality 4% preferably, and condition of culture is 26~28 ℃ of temperature preferably, and humidity 65% is cultivated 9~12d.
The said inoculum concentration of step (2) preferably 4%, preferably 26~28 ℃ of condition of culture, humidity 65% is cultivated 10~12d.
The described inoculum concentration of step (3) is medium quality 5% preferably, and condition of culture is 26~28 ℃ of temperature preferably, humidity 65%; Cultivate 15~20d, the preparation method of said pedigree seed culture medium also evenly is stirred in the conventional sterilization of bottling after each cultivation base ingredient is weighed respectively with water; Cool off subsequent usely, the composition of described cultivation base-material is corncob 45% preferably, wood chip 30%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%, sucrose 3% and land plaster 2%.
The described inoculum concentration of step (4) is medium quality 8% preferably, and condition of culture is 26~28 ℃ of temperature preferably, humidity 70%; Cultivate 15~20d, the preparation method of described production kind medium is that each component is weighed respectively and evenly is stirred in the conventional sterilization of bottling with water; Cool off subsequent usely, the composition of described cultivation base-material is corncob 45% preferably, wood chip 30%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%, sucrose 3% and land plaster 2%.
The described inoculum concentration of step (5) preferably 12%; Described production is that component is weighed respectively and evenly is stirred in water with the preparation method of cultivation base; Cultivation base-material and water were pressed mass ratio preferably 1: 1.1, pack into high density polyethylene (HDPE) bag or Polypropylene Bag, conventional 1.5kg/cm 2Pressure, sterilization in 60 minutes is cooled off subsequent use.
26~28 ℃ of best temperature after the described original hase of step (6) occurs; Relative moisture preferably 95%, scattered light are progressively strengthened between 300~1500lx, progressively add to the cap color to be deep to cream-coloured brown; South, described osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody can be cut off or cut from the stem base portion when gathering with sharp cutter or scissors; Note not breaking off with the fingers and thumb hindering mycoderma, in order to going out second batch of mushroom again, the fruit body under adopting is dried dehydration under sunlight; Then obtain maturation, dry cassia bark, can pack or in the room temperature preservation or be used for purposes such as research.
Artificial cultivation method of the present invention can make the biologicak efficiency of south, osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody reach 35%~75%, and promptly every 100g produces with composts or fertilisers of cultivating can get fresh south, the osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody of 35g~75g, can make raw material or do the research material use.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further specify of the present invention, are not limitations of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Take by weighing the potato 75g that removes the peel eye, sucrose 6g, agar 6g, pine needle 3g; Potato is cut into little puts into pot with pine needle again, add 405g water, boil 20 minutes soft and when mashed, to potato with 6 layers of filtered through gauze; Get filtered juice in pot, add water and mend, add the agar fusing, stir with sucrose again to the former water yield; After being loaded on the test tube sterilization while hot, being cooled to 45 ℃ and falling into the inclined-plane, obtain inclined-plane PDA medium;
Take by weighing the potato 75g that removes the peel eye, sucrose 6g, agar 6g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2g, magnesium sulfate 0.2g and VB 10.02g, potato is cut into little puts into pot, add 306g water, boil 20 minutes soft and when mashed,, get filtered juice in pot to potato with 6 layers of filtered through gauze, add water to mend to the former water yield, adding agar melts, again with sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and VB 1Stir, be loaded on test tube sterilization while hot after, be cooled to 45 ℃ and fall into the inclined-plane, obtain the inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 150g, wood chip 200g, wheat bran 110g, sucrose 25g, land plaster 15g mix and to obtain 500g cultivation base-material, add 500g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling is cooled off subsequent usely, obtains pedigree seed culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 1500g, wood chip 2000g, wheat bran 1100g, sucrose 250g, land plaster 150g mix and to obtain 5000g cultivation base-material, add 5000g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing and plants a medium.
Take by weighing corncob 15000g, wood chip 20000g, wheat bran 11000g, sucrose 2500g, land plaster 1500g mixing obtains 50kg cultivation base-material, adds 50kg water, evenly is stirred in together the high density polyethylene (HDPE) bag of packing into, conventional 1.5kg/cm 2Pressure, sterilization in 60 minutes cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing with cultivation basic.
Wild osmanthus new fresh sporophore of south glossy ganoderma is carried out separate tissue, get about 4.5g and be inoculated in 150g inclined-plane PDA medium, cultivation 6d covers with the inclined-plane to mycelia when 26 ℃ of humidity 60%, chooses that growing way is vigorous, the bacterium piece of sturdy homogeneous.
15g osmanthus south bacterium piece is seeded in the 500g inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium, 25 ℃, cultivate 12d during humidity 60%, cover with the inclined-plane until mycelia, choose that growing way is vigorous, the bacterial classification of sturdy homogeneous is as female kind of south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma.
The female kind of 50g is seeded in the 1100g pedigree seed culture medium,, during humidity 70%, cultivates 15d, cover with pedigree seed culture medium, obtain south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed until mycelia in 23 ℃.
South, 500g osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed is seeded to 12kg production plants in the medium, in 27 ℃, during humidity 75%, cultivation 12d covers with production kind of a medium until mycelia, obtains the glossy ganoderma production of south, osmanthus and plants.
11kg osmanthus south glossy ganoderma produced kind be inoculated in 110kg and produce with in the cultivation base, in 25 ℃ of temperature, in the cultivation room of relative moisture 65%, the black 15d that cultivates; Be full of medium to mycelia, then move into cultivation house, cultivate 3d until the high original hase of 1cm occurring at 15 ℃, original hase is 26 ℃ of temperature; Relative moisture 80%, scattered light intensity of illumination 100lx ventilates 1 every day, cultivates under each 1 hour condition to growing stem; Keep humidity 85% then, ventilate every day 2 times, cap breaks up gradually under each 1 hour condition, and room light arrives 1000lx according to intensity enhancing; 25 ℃ of temperature, whole day is ventilated, and makes cap and stem color burn, and cap edge light color growth line disappears; Begin to discharge spore, strengthen indoor intensity of illumination to 2000lx, continue to cultivate 8 days, the cap color further deepens to be ecru to yellowish-brown and maturation; Along stem base portion place cut off fruit body with sharp cutter this moment, and its biological transformation ratio can reach 35%, and the fruit body under adopting will in time be dried under sunlight or drying and dehydrating and packing.
Embodiment 2:
Take by weighing the potato 850g that removes the peel eye, sucrose 100g, agar 100g, pine needle 50g; Potato is cut into little puts into pot with pine needle again, add 3850g water, boil 30 minutes soft and when mashed, to potato with 8 layers of filtered through gauze; Get filtered juice in pot, mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose again and stir; After being loaded on the test tube sterilization while hot, being cooled to 50 ℃ and falling into the inclined-plane, obtain inclined-plane PDA medium.
Take by weighing the potato 850g that removes the peel eye, sucrose 100g, agar 100g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 15g, magnesium sulfate 15g and VB 10.06g, potato is cut into little puts into pot, add 4860g water; Boil 30 minutes soft and when mashed,, get filtered juice in pot to potato with 8 layers of filtered through gauze; Mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and VB again 1Stir, be loaded on test tube sterilization while hot after, be cooled to 50 ℃ and fall into the inclined-plane, obtain the inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 250g, wood chip 140g, rice bran 100g, sucrose 5g, land plaster 5g mix and to obtain 500g cultivation base-material, add 550 water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling is cooled off subsequent usely, obtains pedigree seed culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 2500g, wood chip 1400g, rice bran 1000g, sucrose 50g, land plaster 50g mix and to obtain 5000g cultivation base-material, add 6000g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing and plants a medium.
Take by weighing corncob 10000g, wood chip 5600g, rice bran 4000g, sucrose 200g, land plaster 200g mixing obtains 20kg cultivation base-material, adds 26kg water, evenly is stirred in together the Polypropylene Bag of packing into, conventional 1.5kg/cm 2Pressure, sterilization in 60 minutes, the cooling back is subsequent use, obtains producing with the cultivation base.
Osmanthus that 10g is wild new fresh sporophore of south glossy ganoderma carries out separate tissue, is inoculated in 200g inclined-plane PDA medium, when 30 ℃ of humidity 70%, cultivates 10d, covers with the inclined-plane to mycelia, chooses that growing way is vigorous, the bacterium piece of sturdy homogeneous.
16g osmanthus south bacterium piece is seeded in the 400g inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium, 30 ℃, cultivate 18d during humidity 70%, cover with the inclined-plane until mycelia, choose that growing way is vigorous, the bacterial classification of sturdy homogeneous is as female kind of south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma.
The female kind of 100g is seeded in the 1000g pedigree seed culture medium,, during humidity 75%, cultivates 25d, cover with pedigree seed culture medium, obtain south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed until mycelia in 30 ℃.
South, 1000g osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed is seeded to 10000g production plants in the medium, in 30 ℃, during humidity 75%, cultivation 25d covers with production kind of a medium until mycelia, obtains the glossy ganoderma production of south, osmanthus and plants.
7200g osmanthus south glossy ganoderma produced kind be inoculated in 48000g and produce with in the cultivation base, in 30 ℃ of temperature, in the cultivation room of relative moisture 80%, the black 25d that cultivates; Be full of medium to mycelia, then move into cultivation house, cultivate 4d until the high original hase of 1cm occurring at 20 ℃, original hase is 30 ℃ of temperature; Relative moisture 95%, scattered light intensity of illumination 1000lx ventilates 2 every day, cultivates under each 0.5 hour condition to growing stem; Keep humidity 98% then, ventilate every day 3 times, cap breaks up gradually under each 0.5 hour condition, and room light arrives 2000lx according to intensity enhancing; 29 ℃ of temperature, whole day is ventilated, and makes cap and stem color burn, and cap edge light color growth line disappears; Begin to discharge spore, strengthen indoor intensity of illumination to 5000lx, continue to cultivate 15d, the cap color further deepens to be ecru to yellowish-brown and maturation; Along stem base portion place cut fruit body with scissors this moment, and its biological transformation ratio can reach 75%, and the fruit body under adopting will in time be dried under sunlight or drying and dehydrating and packing.
Embodiment 3:
Take by weighing the potato 800g that removes the peel eye, sucrose 80g, agar 80g, pine needle 40g; Potato is cut into little puts into pot with pine needle again, add 4000g water, boil 25 minutes soft and when mashed, to potato with 7 layers of filtered through gauze; Get filtered juice in pot, mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose again and stir; After being loaded on the test tube sterilization while hot, being cooled to 48 ℃ and falling into the inclined-plane, obtain inclined-plane PDA medium.
Take by weighing the potato 800g that removes the peel eye, sucrose 80g, agar 80g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10g, magnesium sulfate 10g and VB 10.04g,, potato is cut into little puts into pot, add 3920g water; Boil 25 minutes soft and when mashed,, get filtered juice in pot to potato with 7 layers of filtered through gauze; Mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and VB again 1Stir, be loaded on test tube sterilization while hot after, be cooled to 48 ℃ and fall into the inclined-plane, obtain the inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 240g, wood chip 100g, rice bran 150g, sucrose 5g, land plaster 5g mix and to obtain 500g cultivation base-material, add 650g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling is cooled off subsequent usely, obtains pedigree seed culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 2400g, wood chip 1000g, rice bran 1500g, sucrose 50g, land plaster 50g mix and to obtain 5000g cultivation base-material, add 6500g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing and plants a medium.
Take by weighing corncob 9600g, wood chip 4000g, rice bran 6000g, sucrose 200g, land plaster 200g mixing obtains 20000g cultivation base-material, adds 26000g water, evenly is stirred in together the high density polyethylene (HDPE) bag of packing into, conventional 1.5kg/cm 2Pressure, sterilization in 60 minutes cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing with cultivation basic.
Osmanthus that 9g is wild new fresh sporophore of south glossy ganoderma carries out separate tissue, is inoculated in 300g inclined-plane PDA medium, when 23 ℃ of humidity 65%, cultivates 14d, covers with the inclined-plane to mycelia, chooses that growing way is vigorous, the bacterium piece of sturdy homogeneous.
40g bacterium piece is seeded in the 800g inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium, 25 ℃, cultivate 15d during humidity 65%, cover with the inclined-plane until mycelia, choose that growing way is vigorous, the bacterial classification of sturdy homogeneous is as female kind of south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma.
The female kind of 50g is seeded in the 1000g pedigree seed culture medium,, during humidity 60%, cultivates 12d, cover with pedigree seed culture medium, obtain south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed until mycelia in 25 ℃.
South, 900g osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed is seeded to 9000g production plants in the medium, in 23 ℃, during humidity 60%, cultivation 23d covers with production kind of a medium until mycelia, obtains the glossy ganoderma production of south, osmanthus and plants.
4500g osmanthus south glossy ganoderma produced kind be inoculated in 45000g and produce with in the cultivation base, in 28 ℃ of temperature, in the cultivation room of relative moisture 60%, the black 23d that cultivates; Be full of medium to mycelia, then move into cultivation house, cultivate 2d until the high original hase of 1cm occurring at 18 ℃, original hase is 25 ℃ of temperature; Relative moisture 90%, scattered light intensity of illumination 500lx ventilates 1 every day, cultivates under each 1 hour condition to growing stem; Keep humidity 95% then, ventilate every day 2 times, cap breaks up gradually under each 1 hour condition, and room light arrives 1500lx according to intensity enhancing; 29 ℃ of temperature, whole day is ventilated, and makes cap and stem color burn, and cap edge light color growth line disappears; Begin to discharge spore, strengthen indoor intensity of illumination to 3000lx, continue to cultivate 6d, the cap color further deepens to be ecru to yellowish-brown and maturation; Along stem base portion place cut off fruit body with sharp cutter this moment, and its biological transformation ratio can reach 60%, and the fruit body under adopting will in time be dried under sunlight or drying and dehydrating and packing.
Embodiment 4:
Method by embodiment 1 prepares inclined-plane PDA medium and inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 225g, wood chip 150g, rice bran 100g, sucrose 15g, land plaster 10g mix and to obtain 500g cultivation base-material, add 650g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling is cooled off subsequent usely, obtains pedigree seed culture medium.
Take by weighing corncob 2250g, wood chip 1500g, rice bran 1000g, sucrose 150g, land plaster 100g mix and to obtain 5000g cultivation base-material, add 6500g water, evenly are stirred in together, and the conventional sterilization of bottling cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing and plants a medium.
Take by weighing corncob 9000g, wood chip 6000g, rice bran 4000g, sucrose 600g, land plaster 400g mixing obtains 20000g cultivation base-material, adds 26000g water, evenly is stirred in together the Polypropylene Bag of packing into, conventional 1.5kg/cm 2Pressure, sterilization in 60 minutes cool off subsequent usely, obtains producing with cultivation basic.
The osmanthus new fresh sporophore of south glossy ganoderma that 9g embodiment 2 is obtained carries out separate tissue, is inoculated in 300g inclined-plane PDA medium, when 28 ℃ of humidity 70%, cultivates 18d, covers with the inclined-plane to mycelia, chooses that growing way is vigorous, the bacterium piece of sturdy homogeneous.
80g bacterium piece is seeded in the 2000g inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium, 23 ℃, cultivate 6d during humidity 70%, cover with the inclined-plane until mycelia, choose that growing way is vigorous, the bacterial classification of sturdy homogeneous is as female kind of south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma.
The female kind of 33g is seeded in the 1100g pedigree seed culture medium,, during humidity 70%, cultivates 18d, cover with pedigree seed culture medium, obtain south, osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed until mycelia in 28 ℃.
South, 300g osmanthus glossy ganoderma original seed is seeded to 10000g production plants in the medium, in 29 ℃, during humidity 75%, cultivation 25d covers with production kind of a medium until mycelia, obtains the glossy ganoderma production of south, osmanthus and plants.
2250g osmanthus south glossy ganoderma produced kind be inoculated in 45000g and produce with in the cultivation base, in 23 ℃ of temperature, in the cultivation room of relative moisture 70%, the black 25d that cultivates; Be full of medium to mycelia, then move into cultivation house, cultivate 2d until the high original hase of 1cm occurring at 15 ℃, original hase is 23 ℃ of temperature; Relative moisture 85%, scattered light intensity of illumination 800lx ventilates 1 every day, cultivates under each 1 hour condition to growing stem; Keep humidity 95% then, ventilate every day 2 times, cap breaks up gradually under each 1 hour condition, and room light arrives 1800lx according to intensity enhancing; 28 ℃ of temperature, whole day is ventilated, and makes cap and stem color burn, and cap edge light color growth line disappears; Begin to discharge spore, strengthen indoor intensity of illumination to 4000lx, continue to cultivate 8d, the cap color further deepens to be ecru to yellowish-brown and maturation; Along stem base portion place cut off fruit body with sharp cutter this moment, and its biological transformation ratio can reach 55%, and the fruit body under adopting will in time be dried under sunlight or drying and dehydrating and packing.

Claims (2)

1. the artificial cultivation method of south, osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody, its characteristic comprises the steps:
(1) the new fresh sporophore with osmanthus south glossy ganoderma (Ganoderma guinanense J.D.Zhao et X..Q.Zhang) carries out separate tissue, is inoculated into inclined-plane PDA medium by medium quality 3%~5% inoculum concentration then, in 23~30 ℃, humidity 60%~70% o'clock cultivation 6~18d; Cover with the inclined-plane to mycelia, the picking growing way is vigorous, the bacterium piece of sturdy homogeneous is in 4 ℃ of subsequent use or further cultivations of preservation, and the raw material of described inclined-plane PDA medium is formed by mass parts; Be 75~85 parts of the potatos of removing the peel eye, 6~10 parts of sucrose, 6~10 parts in agar and 3~5 parts in pine needle; And make: after raw material is weighed respectively by said composition, earlier potato is cut into little and puts into pot with pine needle again, add the water that raw material is formed 3.5~4.5 times of gross masses through following method; Boil 20~30 minutes soft and when mashed to potato; With 6~8 layers of filtered through gauze, get filtered juice in pot, mend to former amount of water; Add the agar fusing; Add sucrose again and stir, be loaded on test tube sterilization while hot after, being cooled to 45~50 ℃, to fall into the inclined-plane subsequent use;
(2) the bacterium piece that step (1) is obtained is seeded to by the inoculum concentration of medium quality 3%~5% and continues in the inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium to cultivate or rejuvenation, and in 23~30 ℃, humidity 60%~70% o'clock is cultivated 6~18d; Cover with the inclined-plane until mycelia; Choose that growing way is vigorous, the conduct of sturdy homogeneous produces with female and plants, the raw material of described inclined-plane comprehensive PDA culture medium is formed by mass parts, is 75~85 parts of the potatos of removing the peel eye; 6~10 parts of sucrose; 6~10 parts in agar, 0.2~1.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2~1.5 part in magnesium sulfate and VB 10.002~0.006 part, and make through following method: after raw material is weighed respectively by said composition, earlier potato is cut into little and puts into pot; Add raw material and form the water of 3.5~4.5 times of gross masses, boil 20~30 minutes soft and when mashed, to potato with 6~8 layers of filtered through gauze; Get filtered juice in pot; Mend to former amount of water, add the agar fusing, add sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and VB again 1Stir, be loaded on test tube sterilization while hot after, being cooled to 45~50 ℃, to fall into the inclined-plane subsequent use;
(3) production that obtains of step (2) is seeded in the pedigree seed culture medium with female inoculum concentration of planting by medium quality 3%~10%, in 23~30 ℃, and humidity 60%~75% o'clock; Cultivate 12~25d, cover with pedigree seed culture medium, choose that growing way is vigorous, original seed is produced in the conduct of sturdy homogeneous until mycelia; Described pedigree seed culture medium is made up of by mass ratio 1: 1.0~1.3 cultivation base-material and water; Described cultivation base-material is by gross mass mark 100%, by corncob 30%~50%, and wood chip 20%~40%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%~30%, sucrose 1%~5% is formed with land plaster 1%~3%;
(4) the production original seed that step (3) is obtained is seeded to by the inoculum concentration of medium quality 3%~10% and produces in kind of the medium, in 23~30 ℃, and humidity 60%~75% o'clock; Cultivation 12~25d covers with production kind of a medium until mycelia, obtains the glossy ganoderma production of south, osmanthus and plants; Described production kind medium is made up of by mass ratio 1: 1.0~1.3 cultivation base-material and water; Described cultivation base-material is by gross mass mark 100%, by corncob 30%~50%, and wood chip 20%~40%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%~30%, sucrose 1%~5% is formed with land plaster 1%~3%;
(5) the production kind that step (4) is obtained is seeded to by the inoculum concentration of medium quality 5%~15% and produces with in the cultivation base, in 23~30 ℃ of temperature, in the cultivation room of relative moisture 60%~85%; Black 15~the 25d that cultivates is full of production to mycelia and uses the cultivation base-material, then can move into cultivation house; Described production is made up of by mass ratio 1: 1.0~1.3 cultivation base-material and water with the cultivation base; Described cultivation base-material is by gross mass mark 100%, by corncob 30%~50%, and wood chip 20%~40%; Wheat bran or rice bran 20%~30%, sucrose 1%~5% is formed with land plaster 1%~3%;
(6) the cultivation base-material that covers with mycelia that step (5) is obtained is cultivated 2~4d until the high original hase of 1cm occurring at 15~20 ℃, and original hase is in 23~30 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 80%~95%; Scattered light intensity of illumination 100~1000lx ventilates 1~2 every day, cultivates to growing stem under each 0.5~1 hour condition, keeps humidity 85%~98% then; Ventilate every day 2~3 times, cap breaks up gradually under each 0.5~1 hour condition, and room light is according to intensity enhancing to 1000~2000lx; 25~29 ℃ of temperature, whole day is ventilated, and makes cap and stem color burn; Cap edge light color growth line disappears, and begins to discharge spore, strengthens indoor intensity of illumination to 2000~5000lx; Continue to cultivate 8~15 days, the cap color further deepens to be ecru to yellowish-brown, then obtains south, osmanthus ganoderma lucidum fruitbody.
2. the artificial cultivation method of south, a kind of osmanthus according to claim 1 ganoderma lucidum fruitbody is characterized in that the new fresh sporophore described in the step (1) from wild fruit body or obtain the artificial cultivation thereafter, and described inoculum concentration is a medium quality 4%; In 26~28 ℃, humidity 65% is cultivated 9~12d; Inoculum concentration is 4% described in the step (2); In 26~28 ℃, humidity 65% is cultivated 10~12d; Inoculum concentration described in the step (3) is a medium quality 5%, and in 26~28 ℃, humidity 65% is cultivated 15~20d, and the composition of described cultivation base-material is a corncob 45%; Wood chip 30%, wheat bran or rice bran 20%, sucrose 3%, land plaster 2%, the inoculum concentration described in the step (4) is a medium quality 8%; In 26~28 ℃, humidity 70% is cultivated 15~20d, and the composition of described cultivation base-material is a corncob 45%; Wood chip 30%, wheat bran or rice bran 20%, sucrose 3%, land plaster 2%; Inoculum concentration described in the step (5) is 12%, and described production is made up of by mass ratio cultivation base-material and water with the cultivation base at 1: 1.1; Original hase described in the step (6) back occurs 26~28 ℃ of temperature, relative moisture 95%, and scattered light is progressively strengthened between 300~1500lx, is cultured to the cap color and progressively adds and be deep to cream-coloured brown.
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