CN103777239A - Phase rotation method for improving phase consistency of different vibroseis data - Google Patents
Phase rotation method for improving phase consistency of different vibroseis data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a phase rotation method for improving the phase consistency of different vibroseis data and belongs to the field of geophysical exploration data processing. The method comprises the following steps: first, all vibroseis single-shot data is picked out as controllable shot data A, and explosive single shots related to three-dimensional data of vibroseis are extracted out and are separated according to a common CMP gather to obtain an explosive vibroseis CMP gather B; second, common CMP domain-mixing separation superposition is carried out on the controllable shot data A and the explosive vibroseis CMP gather B directly to obtain the initial mixed superposition of two single-shot data; and third, differential phase rotation is carried out on the controllable shot data A, and separation superposition is respectively carried out on the controllable shot data A and the explosive vibroseis CMP gather B to obtain a corresponding stack section after each rotation, and the stack sections are screened to obtain the optimal rotation angle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geophysical survey data processing field, be specifically related to a kind of phase rotating method that improves different source data phase equalizations.
Background technology
It is the restriction for solving field construction condition that different focus are combined construction, adopts the explosive source construction that combines with vibroseis, reaches the object of raising operating efficiency.But due to the difference of focus, cause phase place, energy and the frequency of the data that receives and amplitude all to have very large difference, the data that mixed source is obtained is difficult to realize with superimposed, thereby have a strong impact on resolution and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of data.The disposal route adopting for different focus seismic datas both at home and abroad at present mainly contains: adjust the method based on wavelet matching such as deconvolution parametric method, matched filtering or series connection matched filtering method; But the use prerequisite of these methods is to mix while gathering with two kinds of focus: or have the single big gun of coupling, the shot gather data that has respectively vibroseis and explosive source to excite in same sp location, the comparative analysis of being convenient to two kinds of focus data with mate; Choose and after explosive source superposes respectively with vibroseis, get identical cmp section and mate, this situation is had relatively high expectations to data signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), and to require the construction area of explosive source and vibroseis be relatively independent.But when different focus associating practice of construction, because some reason can randomly alternately be constructed or alternately construction of point type, single big gun matching process of traditional explosive source and vibroseis is difficult to use; Causing widely different between phase place, energy and the frequency of explosive source and irregular point type vibroseis data, how to match the data of explosive source and 1 control focus list big gun in this case, is current different source data matching treatment problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the difficult problem existing in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of phase rotating method of different source data phase equalizations is provided, solution has explosive source and vibroseis mixed construction, and construction area is random to hocket, when data signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is low, when the construction of puzzlement distinct methods, cause seismic data phase place problem of inconsistency, improve the consistance of mixing focus processing achievement, improve and process quality of achievement
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A phase rotating method for different source data phase equalizations, comprises the following steps:
The first step, picks out all vibroseis list big gun data, as controlled big gun data A; The explosive list big gun of three-dimensional data that the relates to vibroseis An Gong CMP road collection of releasing is carried out to sorting, obtain explosive source CMP road collection B;
Second step, directly carries out the mixing sorting stack of common cmp territory by controlled big gun data A and explosive source CMP road these two parts of collection B, obtains the initial mixing stack of two kinds of single big gun data;
The 3rd step, carries out differential phase rotation and carries out respectively sorting stack with explosive source CMP road collection B obtaining rotating each time rear corresponding stacked section to controlled big gun data A, then described stacked section is screened and obtains the optimum anglec of rotation.
Described the 3rd step comprises the following steps:
(31): controlled big gun data A from 0-360 degree, carry out differential phase rotation take 10 as increment, then the data Ai that rotation obtains each time and explosive source CMP road collection B are carried out respectively to sorting stack and obtain rotating each time rear corresponding stacked section stki, again each stacked section stki obtaining is carried out respectively to Contrast on effect, optimize the section that Overlay is good; I=0,10,20 to 360;
(32): the stack of section good described Overlay and described initial mixing and well control data are carried out to effect comparison;
(33): adjust to 3ms with the phase place time difference and adjust the other seismic data of front raising 20%, well and the identical rate of well theogram higher than 80% the crucial controlling factor of choosing as the phase matching anglec of rotation using interior, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), the angle that reaches this controlling factor is the asked for optimum anglec of rotation.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by the processing of the meticulous flow process of foregoing invention, can mate consistance processing to irregular point type vibroseis data and the explosive source data in low signal-to-noise ratio district with general seismic processing software, it is good that acquisition has phase equalization, accurately real seismic section.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the step block diagram that the present invention improves the phase rotating method of different source data phase equalizations.
Fig. 2-1a is energy and the frequency of the explosive source after the compensation of consistance energy and consistance frequency processing.
Fig. 2-1b is energy and the frequency of the vibroseis list big gun after the compensation of consistance energy and consistance frequency processing.
Fig. 2-2nd, carries out the stacked section after phase rotating 10 degree to vibroseis.
Fig. 2-3rd, carries out the stacked section after phase rotating 30 degree to vibroseis.
Fig. 2-4th, carries out the stacked section after phase rotating 60 degree to vibroseis.
Fig. 2-5a is simple explosive source stacked section.
Fig. 2-5b is the stacked section that explosive source and vibroseis mix.
Fig. 2-5c is the processing that utilizes the phase equalization that traditional wavelet matching method carries out.
Fig. 2-5d utilizes the inventive method phase rotating to contrast the stacked section after selected parameter.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
Because vibroseis big gun number is few, construction area is unfixing, for point type is blown out mode, in every bundle data, just meet with obstacle place in explosive source construction and just carry out vibroseis, therefore vibroseis amount is few, the vibroseis stack of Dan Shu is difficult to find reliable lineups, therefore, the present invention proposes single big gun of two kinds of source datas carrying out energy, frequency invariance to separate, vibroseis data list big gun is worked as to an entirety releases single big gun, the phase equalization processing that divides three steps to realize two kinds of source datas, as shown in Figure 1:
The first step, picks out all vibroseis list big gun data, as controlled big gun data A (vibroseis list big gun data are exactly the three-dimensional data of vibroseis); The three-dimensional data that relates to vibroseis, (original class's report data of blowing out can indicate the mode of blowing out, from the known vibroseis that whether relates to of the mode of blowing out) explosive source big gun collection is released (not comprising vibroseis) and An Gong CMP road collection carries out sorting and (the three-dimensional data that relates to vibroseis released, then remaining three-dimensional data AnCMP road collection is carried out to sorting), obtain explosive source CMP road collection B (being the explosive source data B in Fig. 1);
Second step, directly controlled big gun data A and explosive source CMP road these two parts of collection B are carried out to the mixing sorting stack of common cmp territory, obtain two kinds of single big gun data initial mixing stack (two kinds of single big gun data herein refer to explosive source and the processing of vibroseis unmatched mixed data);
The 3rd step, carries out differential phase rotation and carries out respectively sorting stack with explosive source CMP road collection B obtaining rotating each time rear corresponding stacked section to controlled big gun data A, then described stacked section is screened and obtains the optimum anglec of rotation.
Described the 3rd step comprises the following steps:
(31): controlled big gun data A from 0-360 degree (0,10,20,, 360), carry out differential phase rotation take 10 as increment, by rotation obtains each time data Ai (i=0,10,20,, 360) and carry out respectively sorting stack with explosive source CMP road collection B, obtain rotating each time the stacked section stki of rear correspondence, (i=0,10,20,, 360).That is to say, postrotational data is all unified sorting with explosive source data each time, and stack.Rotation how many times, obtains how many stacks with regard to correspondence.In practical operation, be rotated at the beginning with large augmental interval, lock onto target refinement increment in target area more gradually, to reduce workload.By each stacked section stki obtaining (0,10,20 ..., 360) and carry out respectively the section that Contrast on effect obtains superposeing substantially in the same way, the i.e. good section of Overlay;
(32): the stack of section good described Overlay and described initial mixing and well control data (the early stage real well data obtaining by well-digging work area in) are carried out to effect comparison;
(33): with the phase place time difference adjust to the stack of initial mixing before 3ms adjusts with interior, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) improve 20%, (if the phase place time difference adjust to 3 to 5ms, the stack obtaining so can be to superpose in the same way, data signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) can increase, otherwise, data stack signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) can reduce,) the crucial controlling factor chosen as the phase matching anglec of rotation higher than 80% of the other seismic data of well and the identical rate of well theogram, the angle that reaches this controlling factor has been the anglec of rotation asked for.
Relatively whether section layer position and actual well control data coincide, can generate well theogram, verify like this through postrotational data whether true and reliable and be not only that signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) increases, finally adjust with the phase place time difference the most perfect, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) relatively better and with the well control data key parameter chosen of the good anglec of rotation as phase matching that coincide.
Data signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) increases, coincide with well control data, and detail file has carried out effectively stack true and reliable in the same way, has namely eliminated the phase difference of two kinds of focus, also proves that this anglec of rotation obtaining is suitable simultaneously.Fig. 2-5b and vertical thin route in Fig. 2-5c be well line, little horizontal line is the layer position of demarcating, as can be seen from the figure, layer position and the well data layer position of section coincide fine, the identical judgement of well control data that Here it is.In addition, each stacked section being compared can be by traditional interlock QC to recently realizing.
Fig. 2-1a and Fig. 2-1b be explosive source after consistance energy compensation and consistance frequency processing with vibroseis list big gun between the difference of energy and frequency, these are with all solutions substantially of existing method.The key issue of lower step is exactly the processing of phase equalization, i.e. key aspect of the present invention.
Fig. 2-2, Fig. 2-3 and Fig. 2-4 are for to carry out in phase rotating process vibroseis, along with i (10 ... 30 ... 60 ...) stacked section after the partial rotation of variation correspondence of increment of rotation.
Fig. 2-5a is simple explosive source stacked section, and Fig. 2-5b is that explosive source and vibroseis mix stacked section, and after the vertical line in figure represents to point out that vibroseis data is come in, significantly the phase place time difference staggers a little, just as vertical fault.Can find out from Fig. 2-5a, the big gun number that vibroseis relates to is little, if but do not utilize vibroseis data, on section, there is obvious breach, the visible simple mixing stack of Fig. 2-5b exists obvious phase time poor.
Fig. 2-5c is the processing that utilizes the phase equalization that traditional wavelet matching method carries out, ellipse circle in figure represents after traditional matching process, like breaking vertical, although the phase place time difference makes moderate progress, the binding site phase equalization of two kinds of data of oval circle position makes moderate progress, but does not also resolve completely.Can see the lineups that are difficult to find coupling due to stitching portion vibroseis data few (indentation, there) from section, cause the inadaptable of method, matching effect is also bad.
Fig. 2-5d is that phase rotating contrasts the stacked section after selected parameter, and the ellipse circle in figure represents after the inventive method, and the phase place time difference of data solves fine, and the binding site layer bit integrity of two kinds of data of oval circle position is fine.As can be seen from the figure,, after coupling, it is fine that phase equalization solves, on section, there is no obvious phase differential, after coupling, the data place mixing STACK DATA signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) that relates to vibroseis is obviously also improved, and has accomplished that as seen the entirety of data is with superimposed.
Describe with an embodiment below.City-building develop rapidly in certain work area, villages and small towns, ground, road, fish pond, electrical network etc. blazon, and causing can not be single with explosive shooting, must take to mix epicenter excitation, and block top layer is sandy soil or drift sand formation, be distributed with drift sand development area widely, a little less than excitation energy, data quality is poor; It is extremely violent that local Paleochannel region excites condition of acceptance to change, excitation wavelet is unstable, and in destination layer, Paleozoic erathom stratum is affected by tectonic movement etc., stratum deformation is serious, structure is broken, fault development, ground interlayer difference of impedance is different little, is difficult to form shake reflection strongly, deep seismic features as poor geologic condition; It is wide to cause causing between big gun record that capacity volume variance is large, noise distributes, and noise energy is strong, data poor signal to noise.Conventional mixing focus treatment technology is difficult to meet the technical need of exploratory development; Mix source data amplitude, phase place and frequency problem of inconsistency and utilize patent of the present invention to preferably resolve.
The whole district's 70 bundle data of constructing altogether, when construction, ground obstacle is many, villages and small towns, highway, river, wherein 55-70 bundle (accompanying drawing), in the time meeting with cities and towns, cannot adopt explosive to blow out, and has adopted the random point type vibroseis of part.The feature in seismic geological codition and field work work area in understanding work area, it is the distribution of vibroseis, after the quality of data, use the technological treatment of patent flow process, effectively matched explosive source and the vibroseis difference in energy, frequency, phase place.By section after treatment, be greater than 90% in the theogram of well point place and seismic section time relationship, waveform character coincidence rate, when processing profiles, dark error is less than standard index, structural feature is clear, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) has also obtained effective raising, and process out the Seismic data of high resolving power, high-fidelity, high noise, reach the seismic section (Fig. 2,3,4,5,6) of " three high accurate "; Reflect structure and lithological change feature more clearlyly, submit to Gai district N6 and N5# all to obtain industrial production capacity according to this processing achievement, confirmed the dependable with function of this disposal route.
Table 1 relates to vibroseis and mixes 15 data that focus is blown out with explosive source, the whole district's 70 bundle data:
| Bundle number | Total big gun number | Vibroseis big gun |
| Sw56 | 1-387 | 185-221 |
| Sw57 | 1-427 | 155-197 |
| Sw58 | 1-371 | 161-198 |
| Sw59 | 1-312 | 149-180 |
| Sw60 | 1-347 | 192-228 |
| Sw61 | 1-309 | 209-228 156-193 |
| Sw62 | 1-319 | 155-186 |
| Sw63 | 1-318 | 155-195 |
| Sw64 | 1-325 | 156-194 |
| Sw65 | 1-342 | 162-196 |
| Sw66 | 1-334 | 155-174 |
| Sw67 | 1-348 | 155-184 |
| Sw68 | 1-352 | 155-184 |
| Sw69 | 1-376 | 180-204 |
| Sw70 | 1-379 | 174-192 |
Table 1
The object of the invention solves in the time of explosive source and vibroseis mixed construction, causes seismic data phase place inconsistence problems when the construction of puzzlement distinct methods; For phase place problem of inconsistency novelty, three-step approach phase equalization disposal route is proposed; By the practical application in zones of different, significantly improve the consistance of mixing focus processing achievement, improve processing quality of achievement, actual well drilled result has also confirmed this invention validity and practicality
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, the invention discloses on the basis of application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (2)
1. a phase rotating method that improves different source data phase equalizations, is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
The first step, picks out all vibroseis list big gun data, as controlled big gun data A; The explosive list big gun of three-dimensional data that the relates to vibroseis An Gong CMP road collection of releasing is carried out to sorting, obtain explosive source CMP road collection B;
Second step, directly carries out the mixing sorting stack of common cmp territory by controlled big gun data A and explosive source CMP road these two parts of collection B, obtains the initial mixing stack of two kinds of single big gun data;
The 3rd step, carries out differential phase rotation and carries out respectively sorting stack with explosive source CMP road collection B obtaining rotating each time rear corresponding stacked section to controlled big gun data A, then described stacked section is screened and obtains the optimum anglec of rotation.
2. the phase rotating method of the different source data phase equalizations of raising according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described the 3rd step comprises the following steps:
(31): controlled big gun data A from 0-360 degree, carry out differential phase rotation take 10 as increment, then the data Ai that rotation obtains each time and explosive source CMP road collection B are carried out respectively to sorting stack and obtain rotating each time rear corresponding stacked section stki, again each stacked section stki obtaining is carried out respectively to Contrast on effect, optimize the section that Overlay is good; I=0,10,20 to 360;
(32): the stack of section good described Overlay and described initial mixing and well control data are carried out to effect comparison;
(33): adjust to 3ms with the phase place time difference and adjust the other seismic data of front raising 20%, well and the identical rate of well theogram higher than 80% the crucial controlling factor of choosing as the phase matching anglec of rotation using interior, signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), the angle that reaches this controlling factor is the asked for optimum anglec of rotation.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN106772571A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method for improving the identical earthquake data before superposition precision of focus from different places |
| CN112379428A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Seismic data consistency processing method and device |
| CN112379436A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for calculating static correction value of seismic data excited by mixed seismic source |
| CN113156511A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-23 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Well gun and controllable seismic source mixed acquisition seismic data matching method and device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106772571A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of method for improving the identical earthquake data before superposition precision of focus from different places |
| CN113156511A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2021-07-23 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Well gun and controllable seismic source mixed acquisition seismic data matching method and device |
| CN113156511B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2024-06-25 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for matching well cannon and controllable seismic source mixed acquisition seismic data |
| CN112379428A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Seismic data consistency processing method and device |
| CN112379436A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-19 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method and device for calculating static correction value of seismic data excited by mixed seismic source |
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