CN109444959A - Full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up - Google Patents
Full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444959A CN109444959A CN201811296463.1A CN201811296463A CN109444959A CN 109444959 A CN109444959 A CN 109444959A CN 201811296463 A CN201811296463 A CN 201811296463A CN 109444959 A CN109444959 A CN 109444959A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001615 p wave Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- DHNCFAWJNPJGHS-UHFFFAOYSA-J [C+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O Chemical compound [C+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O DHNCFAWJNPJGHS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
- G01V2210/6222—Velocity; travel time
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up, comprising: S1, basin grade compacting trend establish ultralow frequency speed trend；S2, CRP trace gather optimization processing；S3, fine grid residual velocity analysis；S4, the root mean sequare velocity of close CRP grid and residual mean square root speed are merged, dynamic correction is carried out to CRP trace gather with the speed, obtains evening up seismic channel set, speed progress DIX is converted to interval velocity after correcting；S5, seismic channel set progress partial stack will be evened up, and will obtain partial stack trace gather, carries out pre-stack elastic inversion；S6, carried out using a point lithology probability volume constraint and divide lithology velocity inversion and porosity inversion, form medium-high frequency section Interval Velocity Inversion data volume；S7, frequency dividing velocity field merge, the full range high-precision interval velocity field after being optimized.The present invention can meet the needs of subsequent conventional configurations, construct time and depth transfer, reservoir inversion by a narrow margin, track the geological researches such as prediction of formation pressure with brill geology very well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum exploration domains, and in particular to full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up.
Background technique
In the probing of field well location, the prediction of strata pressure is extremely important, it can instruct the reasonable employment of drilling mud,
Make it that can neither lead to formation contaminant greatly very much, and too small cannot lead to the safety accidents such as blowout, can also make rational planning for construction
Operation reduces drilling cost, is an essential job before probing.The widely used master of pre-drilling pressure forecasting at present
Will be there are two types of method, one is the pressure using neighbouring drilling well with change in depth trend progress simple forecast, but precision is very low,
It can only reflect the basic variation on big set stratum, and the cross directional variations of strata pressure can not be predicted；Another kind is to utilize ground
Shake processing speed spectrum, when there are intense vertical petroleum migration, seismic velocity can due to rock matrix undercompaction and lead to speed
Degree reduces.Common seismic data processing explains that density is lower (usually in the plane due to normal-moveout spectrum manual interpretation heavy workload
40cdp explains a point, mono- point of 200-300ms on longitudinal direction), and the effective band of normal-moveout spectrum causes to differentiate generally in 1-5Hz
Rate is very low, directly affects the precision of prediction of velocity field, cause the precision of seismic processing to reduce, lineups offset distance direction not
It can even up, earthquake reflection line-ups are apprehensive on full stacked section, which then will lead to pressure for prediction of formation pressure
Prediction deviation is excessive, brings great risk to drilling operation.
Exist in many exploratory areas and largely construct by a narrow margin, oil reservoir Structural range is low, and the variation of shallow-layer speed will have a direct impact on
The form and range of entire oil reservoir need to accurately calculate the incidence angle of seismic data in prestack inversion, these require full range
High-precision interval velocity field.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above problems existing in the present technology, present invention aims at establish full range high-precision interval velocity field to build
Cube method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
Full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up, includes the following steps；
S1, ultralow frequency speed trend is established according to basin grade compacting trend；
S2, CRP trace gather optimization processing；
S3, fine grid residual velocity analysis obtain the root mean sequare velocity and residual mean square root speed of close CRP grid；
S4, the root mean sequare velocity of close CRP grid and residual mean square root speed are merged, with the speed after merging to the road CRP
Collection carries out dynamic correction, obtains evening up seismic channel set, and speed progress DIX is converted to interval velocity after correction；
S5, seismic channel set progress partial stack will be evened up, and will obtain partial stack trace gather, carries out pre-stack elastic inversion；
S6, carried out using a point lithology probability volume constraint and divide lithology velocity inversion and porosity inversion, form medium-high frequency section layer
Velocity inversion data volume；
S7, frequency dividing velocity field merge, floor speed after the correction that deposition compaction rate model, the S4 in certain area formed S1 are formed
The Mid Frequency Interval Velocity Inversion data volume that degree and S6 are formed is merged in frequency domain, the full range high-precision layer after being optimized
Velocity field.
Preferably, the specific implementation process of the S1 is: utilizing certain area drilling data, built using Spline-Fitting
The deposition compaction rate model in the area Li Gai forms ultralow frequency speed trend.
Preferably, the specific implementation process of the S2 is: suppressing random noise and regular noise, to multiple wave
It is suppressed.
Effect is to improve normal-moveout spectrum point correlation energy degree of focus, improves the quality of speed spectrum analysis.
Preferably, it is described S3's the specific implementation process is as follows:
S301, conventional speeds are composed with progress three-dimensional interpolation, obtains the root mean sequare velocity of close CRP grid, CRP trace gather is carried out
Dynamic correction obtains just initiating correction trace gather, carries out close CRP point residual velocity analysis to the first initiating correction trace gather, seeks residue
Dynamic correction value；
Residual normal moveout is sought being the key that close residual velocity analysis, and the normal-moveout spectrum point manually picked up is longitudinal and horizontal
To all seldom, the 3D velocity field that interpolation obtains is not fine enough, causes trace gather uneven, affects the accurately image of earthquake, at this time
Such as formula (1):
vt=vo+vr=vo*(1+δ) (1)
Wherein, vtIt is accurate offset RMS velocity, voIt is conventional manual's pickup velocity, vrIt is residual NMO correction speed, δ is
Velocity error percentage；
Such as formula (2), the dynamic correction value of each point at this time are as follows:
Wherein, tNMOxIt is the time at offset distance x after dynamic correction, txWhen being walked before dynamic correction when be offset distance being x, v0For
Seismic processing root mean sequare velocity.
Due to the presence of residual NMO correction speed, t is causedNMOx≠t0, trace gather cannot smooth completely on different offset distances；
S302, seismic channel set is superimposed entirely, obtains base offset section, by each seismic channel and base offset section
Hour window cross-correlation is carried out, the best time shift amount of each offset distance of each CRP at every point of time is acquired, such as formula (3):
Time and t at S303, the offset distance x obtained by estimation after dynamic correction0Time utilizes identical CRP phase
With the time in the best time shift amount of different offset distances, is solved based on least square method, acquire each time velocity error of each CRP
Percentage δ；
S304, target equation are offset distance [x1,x2,x3,...,xn]、v0And residual move out time [tNMO1,tNMO2,
tNMO3,...,tNMOx] function, solve to obtain residual mean square root speed by least square method.
Preferably, progress pre-stack elastic inversion obtains residual mean square root speed and obtains p-wave impedance, shear wave in the S5
Impedance, density, vp/vs, Young's modulus, be based on Bayesian Decision, obtain sandstone probability data volume, mud stone probability data body and carbon
Carbonate Rocks probability volume.
The invention has the benefit that
The present invention improves the quality of seismic channel set to CRP trace gather optimization processing, improves normal-moveout spectrum point correlation energy and focuses
Degree, improves the quality of speed spectrum analysis, the full range high-precision interval velocity field after optimization can meet subsequent structure with lower amplitude very well
The demand of time and depth transfer, reservoir inversion and prediction of formation pressure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the present invention-embodiment method flow diagram.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is further elaborated.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
The first step establishes ultralow frequency speed trend according to basin grade compacting trend.
Detailed process are as follows: utilize certain area drilling data, the deposition compaction rate in the area is established using Spline-Fitting
Model forms ultralow frequency speed trend.
Second step, CRP trace gather optimization processing.
Improve the quality of seismic channel set, it is necessary to carry out trace gather optimization processing.
Detailed process are as follows: random noise and regular noise are suppressed, multiple wave is suppressed, effect is to improve
Normal-moveout spectrum point correlation energy degree of focus, improves the quality of speed spectrum analysis.
Third step, fine grid residual velocity analysis.
Detailed process are as follows: conventional speeds are composed and carry out three-dimensional interpolation, the root mean sequare velocity of close CRP grid are obtained, to the road CRP
Collection carries out dynamic correction, obtains just initiating correction trace gather, carries out close CRP point residual velocity analysis to the first initiating correction trace gather, asks
Take residual normal moveout.
Residual normal moveout is sought being the key that close residual velocity analysis, and the normal-moveout spectrum point manually picked up is longitudinal and horizontal
To all seldom, the 3D velocity field that interpolation obtains is not fine enough, causes trace gather uneven, affects the accurately image of earthquake, at this time
Such as formula (1):
vt=vo+vr=vo*(1+δ) (1)
Wherein, vtIt is accurate offset RMS velocity, voIt is conventional manual's pickup velocity, vrIt is residual NMO correction speed, δ is
Velocity error percentage.
Such as formula (2), the dynamic correction value of each point at this time are as follows:
Wherein, tNMOxIt is the time at offset distance x after dynamic correction, txWhen being walked before dynamic correction when be offset distance being x, v0For
Seismic processing root mean sequare velocity.
Due to the presence of residual NMO correction speed, t is causedNMOx≠t0, trace gather cannot smooth completely on different offset distances.
Then, seismic channel set is superimposed entirely, obtains base offset section, by each seismic channel and base offset section
Hour window cross-correlation is carried out, the best time shift amount of each offset distance of each CRP at every point of time is acquired, such as formula (3):
The t at offset distance x obtained by estimationNMOxAnd t0Time, using identical CRP same time in different offsets
Away from best time shift amount, based on least square method solve, acquire each time velocity error percentage δ of each CRP.
Formula (3) target equation is offset distance [x1,x2,x3,...,xn]、v0And residual move out time [tNMO1,tNMO2,tNMO3,…,
tNMOx] function, solve to obtain residual mean square root speed by least square method.
4th step, the root mean sequare velocity for the close CRP grid that third step is obtained and residual mean square root speed merge, with the speed
Degree carries out dynamic correction to CRP trace gather, obtains evening up seismic channel set, and speed progress DIX is converted to interval velocity after correction.
5th step will even up seismic channel set progress partial stack, obtain partial stack trace gather, carry out pre-stack elastic inversion,
Obtain p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, density, vp/vs, Young's modulus etc., be based on Bayesian Decision, obtain sandstone probability data volume,
Mud stone probability data body and carbonate rock probability volume.
6th step is carried out using a point lithology probability volume constraint and divides lithology velocity inversion and porosity inversion, and medium-high frequency is formed
Section Interval Velocity Inversion data volume.
7th step, frequency dividing velocity field merge, and the deposition compaction rate model in certain area that the first step is formed, the 4th step are formed
Correction after the medium-high frequency section Interval Velocity Inversion data volume that is formed of interval velocity and the 6th step merged in frequency domain, obtain excellent
Full range high-precision interval velocity field after change can meet subsequent time and depth transfer, complicated structure research, prestack inversion and stratum very well
The demand of pressure prediction.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned optional embodiment, anyone can show that other are various under the inspiration of the present invention
The product of form, however, make any variation in its shape or structure, it is all to fall into the claims in the present invention confining spectrum
Technical solution, be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. full range high-precision interval velocity field method for building up, it is characterised in that: include the following steps；
S1, ultralow frequency speed trend is established according to basin grade compacting trend；
S2, CRP trace gather optimization processing；
S3, fine grid residual velocity analysis obtain the root mean sequare velocity and residual mean square root speed of close CRP grid；
S4, the root mean sequare velocity of close CRP grid and residual mean square root speed are merged, with the speed after merging to CRP trace gather into
Action correction, obtains evening up seismic channel set, and speed progress DIX is converted to interval velocity after correction；
S5, seismic channel set progress partial stack will be evened up, and will obtain partial stack trace gather, carries out pre-stack elastic inversion；
S6, carried out using a point lithology probability volume constraint and divide lithology velocity inversion and porosity inversion, form medium-high frequency section interval velocity
Inverting data volume；
S7, frequency dividing velocity field merge, by S1 formed certain area deposition compaction rate model, S4 formed correction after interval velocity with
And the medium-high frequency section Interval Velocity Inversion data volume that S6 is formed is merged in frequency domain, the full range high-precision layer speed after being optimized
Spend field.
2. full range high-precision interval velocity field according to claim 1 method for building up, it is characterised in that: the specific reality of the S1
Existing process is: utilizing certain area drilling data, the deposition compaction rate model in the area is established using Spline-Fitting, formed super
Low-frequency velocity trend.
3. full range high-precision interval velocity field according to claim 1 method for building up, it is characterised in that: the specific reality of the S2
Existing process is: suppressing random noise and regular noise, suppresses multiple wave.
4. full range high-precision interval velocity field according to claim 1 method for building up, it is characterised in that: the specific reality of the S3
Existing process is as follows:
S301, conventional speeds are composed with progress three-dimensional interpolation, obtains the root mean sequare velocity of close CRP grid, dynamic school is carried out to CRP trace gather
Just, just initiating correction trace gather is obtained, close CRP point residual velocity analysis is carried out to the first initiating correction trace gather, seeks remaining dynamic school
Positive quantity；
S302, seismic channel set is superimposed entirely, obtains base offset section, each seismic channel and base offset section are carried out
Hour window cross-correlation, acquires the best time shift amount of each offset distance of each CRP at every point of time；
Time and t at S303, the offset distance x obtained by estimation after dynamic correction0Time utilizes identical CRP same time
In the best time shift amount of different offset distances, is solved based on least square method, acquire each time velocity error percentage of each CRP
Than；
S304, it solves to obtain residual mean square root speed by least square method.
5. full range high-precision interval velocity field according to claim 1 method for building up, it is characterised in that: in the S5, carry out
Pre-stack elastic inversion obtains residual mean square root speed and obtains p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, density, vp/vs, Young's modulus, be based on shellfish
Ye Si differentiates, obtains sandstone probability data volume, mud stone probability data body and carbonate rock probability volume.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112444861A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2021-03-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Speed model updating method, computer storage medium and computer system |
| CN112782756A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Constrained layer velocity inversion method and system based on self-adaptive construction constraint |
| CN112946742A (en) * | 2021-03-17 | 2021-06-11 | 成都捷科思石油天然气技术发展有限公司 | Method for picking up accurate superimposed velocity spectrum |
| CN114114399A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 同济大学 | Intelligent speed spectrum interpretation and modeling method based on Bayes statistical decision |
| CN114398816A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-26 | 科吉思石油技术咨询(北京)有限公司 | Quantitative interpretation and three-dimensional visualization method for full three-dimensional well velocity field inversion |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112782756A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Constrained layer velocity inversion method and system based on self-adaptive construction constraint |
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| CN114398816A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-26 | 科吉思石油技术咨询(北京)有限公司 | Quantitative interpretation and three-dimensional visualization method for full three-dimensional well velocity field inversion |
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