CN107356966A - Based on removing compaction deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method - Google Patents
Based on removing compaction deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/36—Effecting static or dynamic corrections on records, e.g. correcting spread; Correlating seismic signals; Eliminating effects of unwanted energy
- G01V1/362—Effecting static or dynamic corrections; Stacking
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- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G01V2210/6169—Data from specific type of measurement using well-logging
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
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Abstract
The present invention provides deep layer river channel sand based on the gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, including step：1. log editing and correction；2. taking the interval transit time of quasi- mudstone stratum and sandstone formation from shallow to deep, the normal compaction trend line of mud stone, sandstone is established respectively；3. the rate curve on well is subtracted into the compacting trend, so as to obtain the well rate curve after removing compacting trend；4. calculating based on parameters such as the p-wave impedances, S-wave impedance, Poisson's ratio for going compacting, inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter is further calculated, the threshold value of reservoir oily is determined by cross analysis；5. carrying out the prestack Simultaneous Inversion based on Zoeppritz equations, multiple elastic parameter bodies are obtained, and then calculate inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter body, predicting reservoir oil-gas possibility.Formation compaction function influence is this method eliminates, improves reservoir fluid sensitivity to parameter；Limitation of many gas-oil detecting methods for the river channel sand oil and gas detection of deep layer is breached simultaneously, is improved the precision of prediction of reservoir fluid, is reduced oil-gas exploration risk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil and gas composite Exploration Domain, is to be based on going compaction, the prestack by Zoeppritz equations is same
When inverting, obtain the gas-oil detecting method that inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter body carries out deep layer river channel sand.
Background technology
During reservoir exploration, carry out oil and gas detection using seismic data and play more and more important effect.From
Carry out seismic properties using poststack seismic data, frequency dividing absorbs generic attribute, bright point technique etc. carries out oil and gas detection, to utilizing prestack
Data carries out AVO attributive analysises, Poisson impedance, prestack inversion etc. and carries out oil and gas detection, these applications all widely, and
And achieve certain effect.But for the river channel sand of deep layer, with the increase of buried depth, sand-mudstone formation is compacted
Degree increase, sand shale speed difference is gradually reduced, so that above-mentioned oil gas Sensitive Attributes, sensitive parameter are all no longer quick
Sense, the effect of oil and gas detection are greatly reduced.Meanwhile for deep reservoirs based on the gas-oil detecting method for going compaction
Research is also relatively fewer.
Compaction is a kind of physics-chemical action of diagenesis early stage, and it refers to after deposits in its overlying
Under the heavy burden of water layer and sedimentary, or in the presence of tectonic derormation, moisture discharge occurs, porosity reduces, volume-diminished
Effect.
For reservoir properties, numerous studies show, in sandstone reservoir, compaction is to cause primary hole in sand body
One of the main reason for gap is greatly reduced, the presence of compaction cause the primary intergranular pore in sand body to be greatly reduced,
Some places compacting subtracts porosity and can reach more than 50%, so as to greatly affected the reservoir physical of sand body.
For sand shale petrophysical parameter difference, for different lithology, the effect of compaction is also different, and sorting is good
Dependence of the good tight sand to depth is smaller, and mud stone and to sort poor sandstone then larger to the dependence of depth, i.e.,：Pressure
Implementation is smaller with the influence to tight sand, then relatively large to mud stone and the influence for sorting poor sandstone.As buried depth increases
Greatly, the speed difference between sand shale is also gradually reduced therewith with the continuous enhancing of compaction.
For the river channel sand of deep layer, because buried depth is larger, the sand shale in stratum all suffers from stronger compaction, makes
Obtain speed difference while sand shale porosity declines rapidly between the two to be also gradually reduced, and further result in and burying greatly
Deeply, suppress existing petrophysical parameter under real background can not effectively to distinguish sand shale, so as to which river course sand oil can not be realized
Effective solution of gas test problems, it greatly affected the exploration deployment in research area.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide it is a kind of for deep layer river channel sand based on go compacting pre-stack hydrocarbon detection method,
Formation compaction function influence is this method eliminates, improves reservoir fluid sensitivity to parameter；Breach many oil and gas detections simultaneously
Method is directed to the limitation of the river channel sand oil and gas detection of deep layer, substantially increases the precision of prediction of reservoir fluid.
The present invention is based on going compaction deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method to use following steps：
(1) sound wave curve editor and correction；
(2) sandstone, mudstone stratum speed are chosen, establishes normal compaction trend line；
(3) compacting trend is removed, obtains the well rate curve after going compacting；
(4) p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, density, Poisson's ratio parameter after going to be compacted are calculated；Further calculate on this basis
Inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter, by cross analysis, determine the threshold value of reservoir oily；
(5) carry out the prestack Simultaneous Inversion based on Zoeppritz equations, obtain velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density, pool
Inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter body, predicting reservoir oil-gas possibility is calculated by body than multiple elastic parameter bodies in pine.
Further, in logging environment because the factors such as hole diameter, slurry compounding, cake thickness make log fidelity
Degree reduces, it is impossible to truly reflects stratum and property of pore fluid, so as to have a strong impact on reservoir prediction and the oily inspection in later stage
Survey.Therefore, the step (1) refers to：Carry out the correction based on petrophysical model for full well section, returned abnormity point
Position, eliminate exceptional value caused by such environmental effects；
The sound wave curve editor and correction the step of be：First according to rock matrix and characteristic of fluid, research area is established
Petrophysical model；Then according to petrophysical model and normal well section physical parameter, clean sandstone, pure shale compressional wave are calculated
Speed, as template, searches abnormity point, and throw on velocity of longitudinal wave curve with variable density datum line；Recycle not by well
The deep direction finding well-log information fitting Faust formula that footpath change influences, rock physicses well logging school is carried out to the well section of abnormity point development
Just.
Environmental factor in the step (1) includes the hole diameter in logging environment, slurry compounding, cake thickness factor；Institute
Stating rock matrix and characteristic of fluid includes the mineralogical composition, granularity, cement of rock；The deep survey not influenceed by well radius variations
Including resistivity.
Further, step (2) comprise the concrete steps that：First according to gamma ray curve and spontaneous potential curve area
Point mud stone and sandstone formation, being averaged for each shale layer and sand layers is then chosen on sound wave curve after calibration from shallow to deep
Value, the normal compaction curve of sandstone formation and mudstone stratum is established respectively.
The Sandstone content of sandstone formation in the step (2)>90% and porosity be less than 1%.
Further, the step (3) is to be subtracted using the well rate curve after correction after compacting trend obtains compacting
Well rate curve, concretely comprise the following steps：Sandstone, mud stone interval are distinguished first from well, then sand is individually subtracted in a point lithology interval
The normal compaction trend of rock, mud stone, you can obtain the well rate curve after going compacting.
Further, because Poisson's ratio is difficult to effectively distinguish oil reservoir and non-oil reservoir, the inverse proportion Poisson in the step (4)
Than being according to the rock physics relations between elastic parameter, Poisson's ratio is reconstructed conversion, a new parameter of structure, its
Calculation formula is：
Inverse proportion Poisson's ratio=1-1/ (2 σ -1).
First, according to the relation between velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density and Poisson's ratio, Lame Coefficient, compressional wave resistance is calculated
Anti-, S-wave impedance, Poisson's ratio, further ask for inverse proportion Poisson's ratio, specific formula is as follows afterwards：
γ=(Vp/Vs)2
In formula, Vp, Vs are velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity；ρ is density；λ, μ are respectively first, second Lame＆1＆ constants；σ is
Poisson's ratio, γ are proportionality coefficient.
Further, in the step (5), carry out the prestack Simultaneous Inversion based on Zoeppritz equations, obtain compressional wave speed
Multiple elastic parameter bodies such as degree, shear wave velocity, density, Poisson's ratio, and then calculate inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter body, predicting reservoir
Oil-gas possibility.
According to Zoeppritz equations, equation below is seen,
Under the conditions of non-normal incidence, seismic reflection is relevant with the velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density on stratum, and
The approximate formula of Zoeppritz equations can be expressed as Poisson's ratio (σ) function：
Therefore Prestack seismic data is utilized, using the technology of prestack inversion, obtains velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density, pool
Pine than etc. multiple elastic parameter bodies, and then calculate inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter.
Inverting concretely comprises the following steps：(1) optimization processing of prestack trace gather.It is stronger for prestack trace gather random noise, differentiate
The low problem of rate, using treatment technologies such as prestack trace gather zero phase deconvolution, parabolic Radon transform, prestack RNA, to prestack trace gather
Carry out guarantor's width and go dry processing, improve resolution ratio；(2) shear wave estimation is carried out using petrophysical model method.Improve traditional hole
Aspect ratio iterative algorithm, petrophysical model is established using the constraint of core wafer Microscopic observation result, greatly improves shear wave estimation
Precision；(3) subangle data investigation, Seismology and Geology demarcation is carried out.In guarantee, each part has higher degree of covering
On the premise of signal to noise ratio, partial stack is carried out according to incidence angle or offset distance to prestack trace gather, is broken generally into 3-5 part
The data volume of superposition, Seismology and Geology demarcation is carried out to these three data volumes respectively；(4) initial restricted model, intense adjustment are established
Every Quality Control parameter during prestack Simultaneous Inversion, final inverting obtain p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, in length and breadth density, velocity of wave
The number body such as degree ratio, has then calculated inverse proportion Poisson's ratio data volume using these elastic parameter bodies.(5) sand body oily is deployed
Prediction.It is main comprising following aspects based on the oil-gas possibility for the prestack inverse proportion Poisson's ratio prediction river channel sand for going compacting：
(1) formation compaction function influence is eliminated, improves reservoir fluid sensitivity to parameter；(2) deep layer river channel sand oil gas has been expanded
The applicability of detection method, improve reservoir fluid precision of prediction.
The present invention proposes goes compaction method for deep reservoirs, clearly goes compaction treatment to sand shale rock thing
The influence of parameter is managed, and carries out the research of technique of deep layer river channel sand oil and gas detection on the basis of compaction treatment is gone, so as to carry
The accuracy rate of high-tech application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention based on the FB(flow block) for removing compaction deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method.
Fig. 2 is that D2 wells north is three-dimensional neat ancient group in present case, headache formula group sandstone, the normal compaction trend line of mud stone, in figure
Axis of abscissas is compressional wave time difference, unit us/m, and axis of ordinates is well depth, unit m.
Fig. 3 is that D701 wells go to be compacted front and rear rate curve comparison diagram in present case, and log is that velocity of longitudinal wave is bent in figure
Line.
Fig. 4 is the inverse proportion Poisson's ratio and natural gamma of the three-dimensional headache formula group oil reservoir in D2 wells north and non-oil reservoir in present case
Analysis chart is intersected, axis of abscissas is inverse proportion Poisson's ratio, and axis of ordinates is natural gamma.
Fig. 5 is to cross D7 well-D701 well-D702 wells oil-bearing reservoir in present case to predict section.
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional neat ancient group bottom sand body inverse proportion Poisson's ratio attributed graph in D2 wells north in present case.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in present example, the technical scheme in case study on implementation of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Whole statement, it is clear that described case study on implementation only a part of case study on implementation of the present invention, rather than whole implementation cases
Example.Based on the case study on implementation in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art do not make what is obtained under the premise of creative work
Every other case study on implementation, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Fig. 1 to be provided by the invention based on the schematic flow sheet for removing compaction deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method,
As shown in figure 1, this method comprises the following steps：
The first step, log editing and correction.
In present case by taking D701 wells as an example, first by laboratory measurement and rock core landwaste analytical test data, D2 is measured
The clean sandstone density of the three-dimensional neat ancient group in well north and headache formula group is 2.65g/cm3, body modulus is 36.6, modulus of elasticity 96.6,
Modulus of shearing is 45, and pure shale density is 2.35g/cm3, body modulus is 11.4, modulus of elasticity 15.4, modulus of shearing 3.With
This establishes skeleton pattern, builds Raymer petrophysical models；Then according to petrophysical model and normal well section physical parameter, calculate
Go out clean sandstone, pure shale velocity of longitudinal wave with variable density datum line, as template, search abnormity point, and throw into log
On；The deep direction finding well-log information fitting Faust formula that resistivity etc. is not influenceed by well radius variations are recycled, to abnormity point development
Well section carries out rock physicses logging correction.
Second step, sandstone, mudstone stratum speed are chosen, establishes normal compaction trend line.
In present case by taking D701 wells as an example, with reference to well logging lithologic interpretation, according to natural gamma (GR) and spontaneous potential curve
(SP) mud stone and sandstone formation are selected, wherein the Sandstone Section for participating in establishing sandstone formation compacting trend needs to meet (Sandstone content>
90% and porosity be less than 1%), value, value are carried out to the interval transit time of sandstone, mud stone successively from buried depth 3000m to 5000m
When take the mean eigenvalue of curve, and inadvisable kurtosis and " cycle skipping " value.
Fig. 2 is the normal compaction trend line of sandstone formation and mudstone stratum, from this figure, it can be seen that sandstone formation is just
The normal compaction trend line slope difference of normal compaction trend line and mudstone stratum is little, illustrates that two kinds of lithology are in same pressure system
System, intercept is different, illustrates that the two compaction is different.
3rd step, compacting trend is removed, obtain the well rate curve after going compacting.
For the sand obtained by second step, mud stone normal compaction trend, still sub-sand rock, mud stone section, normal compaction curve is chosen
Low-frequency information (10Hz) and the high-frequency information (60Hz) of sand shale actual measurement compressional wave time difference curve carry out curve Reconstruction respectively, and will
Sandstone, mud stone compressional wave time difference curve after reconstruct are spliced, and the compressional wave time difference gone after compacting trend for finally giving the well is bent
Line, then converted by compressional wave time difference and length velocity relation, obtain the well rate curve after compacting trend.
Fig. 3 is the well rate curve that D701 wells are gone before and after compacting trend, after removing compacting trend it can be seen from the figure,
Sand shale speed difference significantly increases.
4th step, calculating go the parameter such as p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, density, Poisson's ratio after being compacted, enter one on this basis
Step calculates inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter, by cross analysis, determines the threshold value of reservoir oily.
According to the relation between velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density and Poisson's ratio, Lame Coefficient, p-wave impedance, shear wave are calculated
Impedance, Poisson's ratio, further ask for inverse proportion Poisson's ratio afterwards, and specific formula is as follows：
γ=(Vp/Vs)2
Inverse proportion Poisson's ratio=1-1/ (2 σ -1)
In formula, Vp, Vs are velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity；ρ is density；λ, μ are respectively first, second Lame＆1＆ constants；σ is
Poisson's ratio, γ are proportionality coefficient.
Three-dimensional neat ancient group, the headache formula group oil reservoir in Fig. 4 D2 wells north and the inverse proportion Poisson's ratio of non-oil reservoir and the friendship of natural gamma
Meeting analysis chart, the figure confirms that inverse proportion Poisson's ratio can preferably distinguish reservoir oil-gas possibility, and determines inverse proportion Poisson's ratio
2.9 be reservoir whether the threshold value of oil-containing.
5th step, carry out the prestack Simultaneous Inversion based on Zoeppritz equations, calculate inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter body,
Predicting reservoir oil-gas possibility.
Neat ancient group three-dimensional to present case D2 wells north and prestack inversion of the headache formula group expansion based on Zoeppritz equations, it is first
First on the premise of ensureing that each part has higher degree of covering and signal to noise ratio, by D2 north space prestack road in standard
Collection divide into the data volume (being respectively 5 ° -15 °, 15 ° -25 °, 25 ° -35 °) of 3 partial stacks by incidence angle.Then it is right respectively
These three data volumes carry out Seismology and Geology demarcation, extract wavelet, depth relation when establishing unified.Initial restricted model is resettled, essence
Every Quality Control parameter during fine control prestack Simultaneous Inversion, final inverting obtain p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, density, vertical
The data volumes such as shear wave velocity ratio.Using the parameters relationship such as upper step inverse proportion Poisson's ratio and p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, inverse ratio is calculated
Example Poisson's ratio data volume, and deploy the petroleuon-gas prediction of reservoir.
Fig. 5 was D7 well-D701 well-D702 wells oil-bearing reservoir prediction section.From prestack inverse proportion Poisson's ratio inversion result
As can be seen that the oil reservoir of the only neat ancient group bottom of D701 wells shows the feature of low inverse proportion Poisson's ratio, D7 wells and D702 well mesh
Layer integrally all show the inverse proportion Poisson's ratio feature higher than D701 well oil reservoirs, actual results of drilling be only D701 wells should
Sand body obtains commercial oil, the effective reservoir distribution results complete one that prestack inverse proportion Poisson's ratio inversion result obtains with drilling well
Cause.
The further inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter attribute of the neat ancient group bottom sand body of extraction, obtain the inverse proportion Poisson of the sand body
Than plane properties, according to the low inverse proportion Poisson's ratio feature of oily, neat ancient group bottom effective reservoir plane exhibition is finally obtained
Cloth, shown in Fig. 6.From the point of view of prediction result, in addition to D701 wells have obtained the sand body of commercial oil, it is larger to there are multiple areas
The effective reservoir development area common 35.2km of area2, the result provides favorably for the further exploration of Structural unit D2 north space
Geophysics foundation.
Above-described embodiment, the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are carried out further
Explanation, should be understood that the foregoing is only the present invention embodiment, be not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done etc., it should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) sound wave curve editor and correction；
(2) sandstone, mudstone stratum speed are chosen, establishes normal compaction trend line；
(3) compacting trend is removed, obtains the well rate curve after going compacting；
(4) p-wave impedance, S-wave impedance, density, Poisson's ratio parameter after going to be compacted are calculated；Inverse ratio is further calculated on this basis
Example Poisson's ratio parameter, by cross analysis, determine the threshold value of reservoir oily；
(5) carry out the prestack Simultaneous Inversion based on Zoeppritz equations, obtain velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density, Poisson's ratio
Multiple elastic parameter bodies, and then calculate inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter body, predicting reservoir oil-gas possibility.
It is 2. according to claim 1 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
The step (1) refers to：Carry out the correction based on petrophysical model for full well section, abnormity point is playbacked, disappear
Except exceptional value caused by such environmental effects；
The sound wave curve editor and correction the step of be：First according to rock matrix and characteristic of fluid, the rock for studying area is established
Stone physical model；Then according to petrophysical model and normal well section physical parameter, clean sandstone, pure shale velocity of longitudinal wave are calculated
With variable density datum line, as template, abnormity point is searched, and throw on velocity of longitudinal wave curve；Recycling is not become by hole diameter
Change the deep direction finding well-log information fitting Faust formula influenceed, rock physicses logging correction is carried out to the well section of abnormity point development.
It is 3. according to claim 1 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
Step (2) comprise the concrete steps that：Mud stone and sandstone are distinguished according to gamma ray curve and spontaneous potential curve first
Stratum, each shale layer and the average value of sand layers are then chosen on sound wave curve after calibration from shallow to deep, is established respectively
The normal compaction curve of sandstone formation and mudstone stratum.
It is 4. according to claim 1 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
Step (3) concretely comprise the following steps：Sandstone, mud stone interval are distinguished first from well, then a point lithology interval subtracts respectively
Go the normal compaction trend of sandstone, mud stone, you can obtain the well rate curve after going compacting.
It is 5. according to claim 1 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
Inverse proportion Poisson's ratio in the step (4) is according to the rock physics relations between elastic parameter, and Poisson's ratio is carried out
Restructuring transformation, a new parameter of structure, its calculation formula are：
Inverse proportion Poisson's ratio=1-1/ (2 σ -1).
It is 6. according to claim 1 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
In the step (5),
Prestack Simultaneous Inversion of the described development based on Zoeppritz equations, is due to that the approximate formula of Zoeppritz equations can
To be expressed as Poisson's ratio (σ) function, its formula is：
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Using Prestack seismic data, carry out prestack inversion, it is multiple that velocity of longitudinal wave, shear wave velocity, density, Poisson's ratio etc. can be obtained
Elastic parameter body, and then calculate inverse proportion Poisson's ratio parameter；
The described oil-gas possibility based on the prestack inverse proportion Poisson's ratio prediction river channel sand for going compacting, it is main comprising following several
Aspect：(1) formation compaction function influence is eliminated, improves reservoir fluid sensitivity to parameter；(2) deep layer river channel sand has been expanded
The applicability of gas-oil detecting method, improve reservoir fluid precision of prediction.
It is 7. according to claim 2 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
Environmental factor in the step (1) includes the hole diameter in logging environment, slurry compounding, cake thickness factor；The rock bone
Frame and characteristic of fluid include the mineralogical composition, granularity, cement of rock；Deep survey not influenceed by well radius variations includes resistance
Rate.
It is 8. according to claim 3 based on the deep layer river channel sand gas-oil detecting method for going compaction, it is characterised in that：
The Sandstone content of sandstone formation in the step (2)>90% and porosity be less than 1%.
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