CN110361781A - A kind of deposition phase palaeogeomorphology based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude - Google Patents
A kind of deposition phase palaeogeomorphology based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/282—Application of seismic models, synthetic seismograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
- G01V1/302—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures in 3D data cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/34—Displaying seismic recordings or visualisation of seismic data or attributes
- G01V1/345—Visualisation of seismic data or attributes, e.g. in 3D cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/66—Subsurface modeling
- G01V2210/661—Model from sedimentation process modeling, e.g. from first principles
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/70—Other details related to processing
- G01V2210/74—Visualisation of seismic data
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of deposition phase palaeogeomorphologies based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude, comprising the following steps: basic data is collected；Core calibration；Individual well synthetic record demarcates research purpose layer；Establish paleogeographic reconstruction connection trave frame section；It finds with ground than the lithologic interface in obvious correlation；Establish wedge-shaped forward model；Correlation of the phantom thicknesses with amplitude is established in summary；Extract amplitude；Again it is fitted correlation curve；Evaluate the identical rate situation of individual well；The amplitude attribute map of extraction is carried out three-dimensional visualization to show；Three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map is corrected, accurately quantitative three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map is obtained.It is an advantage of the invention that solving tracking precision of the conventional method dependent on specific stratigraphy assemblage and seismic horizon, if having abolished the reflecting interface that target zone can not be tracked continuously up and down, it can not accurately restore target zone and deposit palaeogeomorphic limitation.Seismic interpretation workload is reduced, the precision of paleogeographic reconstruction is increased.
Description
Technical field
It is the present invention relates to Petroleum finance technical field, in particular to a kind of based on the heavy of seismic reflection amplitude analysis
Product palaeogeomorphology.
Background technique
Currently a popular sum up in palaeogeomorphology both domestic and external mainly has: impression method, is peeled back to residual thickness method
Method, sedimentary analysis method, error simulation method, sequence stratigraphy paleogeographic reconstruction method (including the ancient ground of High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy
Looks restoring method).Impression method, residual thickness method mainly carry out restoring the ancient ground of target zone using earthquake and well data in the above method
Looks, precision is relatively high, and achievement is relatively reliable.The higher well data of longitudinal resolution and transverse direction are usually combined in practical applications
The wider seismic data of distribution carries out the paleogeographic reconstruction based on " impression method " and " residual thickness method " that well-shake combines.
" impression method " usually chooses layer position interface " evening up " with above target zone, evens up the form of later target zone
It is considered deposition phase palaeogeomorphic form.Whether evaluation target zone can restore palaeogeomorphic principle with " impression method ":
Target zone to even up layer deposition the phase deposition process be " filling up " process, that is, think deposit term area tectonic activity compared with
Stablize, Controlled By Synsedimentary Faults agensis.And " residual thickness method " is then the Gu that the deposition phase is mapped using the residual thickness of target zone
Landforms situation thinks more uniform in deposition phase formation thickness, stratum is thinned by weathering and erosion after deposition, passes through purpose
Thickness change between the bottom interface of layer top reflects post-depositional ancient landform form.
The method of both the above classics is required to find the more stable reflecting interface of seismic event phase, if actually answering
Can not be found in meet above method prerequisite stablize traceable seismic reflector, then can not obtain relatively reliable
Paleogeographic reconstruction result.It under the conditions of target zone buried depth is biggish, is influenced by seismic data resolution, well-shake calibration phase
The different increase of potential difference, seismic horizon have a certain difference with drilling well layering, reduce the precision of paleogeographic reconstruction.Therefore, Gu Di
Looks restore the limitation for being frequently subjected to geological conditions, and recovery achievement is caused to differ greatly with real drilling well.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, provides a kind of deposition phase ancient landform based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude
Restoration methods solve defect existing in the prior art.
In order to realize the above goal of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of deposition phase palaeogeomorphology based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude, comprising the following steps:
S1, basic data are collected: the data in collection research area, and data includes: post-stack migration seismic volume, conventional logging song
Line bores log data, hole deviation data, coring data, individual-layer data, seismic interpretation layer position, individual well tested productivity data and region
Geologic aspects.
S2, core calibration, and coring data and well log interpretation achievement is combined to divide particle rock stratum and non-particulate rock stratum,
And calculate a ground ratio.
S3, individual well synthetic record demarcate research purpose layer.
S4, paleogeographic reconstruction connection trave frame section is established: by particle rock interpretation results, individual-layer data, seismic profile, earthquake
The data such as layer position, log are thrown on screen work section, utilize flattening means by comprehensive analysis, qualitatively summarize a ground ratio
(different with target zone buried depth and seismic data resolution, which changes height, but not within the scope of 100m above and below target zone
Preferably it is excessive) stablize lithologic interface relationship.
S5, it finds with ground than the lithologic interface in obvious correlation, as paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer.
S6, statistical research area reality drilling well paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer are pushed up away from stratum or the thickness at bottom is (if the auxiliary layer is located at
Above target zone, then for away from top thickness degree；If the auxiliary layer is located at below target zone, for away from base thickness degree) and interval velocity, establish wedge
Shape forward model.
Correlation of the phantom thicknesses with amplitude is established in S7, analysis earthquake Forward modelling result, summary.
S8, extract target zone top circle reflecting interface on or target zone lower bound reflecting interface under lineups amplitude.
By above-mentioned real drilling well ground than intersecting with amplitude, phase is made than obtaining correlation with seismic reflection amplitude in statistics ground
Close curve.
S9, the above-mentioned cross plot of analysis, tomography is met in rejecting since well bores or Sedimentary Facies change caused deviation correlation
The biggish data point of linearity curve, is fitted correlation curve again.
S10, the data of individual well ground ratio, paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer formation thickness, individual well tested productivity are thrown in S8
It on the amplitude attribute plan view of extraction and creates on any even well seismic cross-section, the identical rate situation of evaluation individual well.
After S11, assessment this method are applicable in research area's paleogeographic reconstruction, the amplitude attribute map extracted in S8 is carried out three
Visualization display is tieed up, deposits preceding or post-depositional deposition ancient landform to characterize target zone.
S12, using the comparison of individual well ground, the three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map is corrected, and it is ancient to obtain accurately quantitative three-dimensional
Geomorphologic map.
Further, real drilling well ground ratio mainly utilizes the individual well GR log after normalized in the S8,
It is demarcated by rock core, determines particle rock GR threshold value；Individual well is obtained by statistics particle rock thickness and the ratio of stratum overall thickness
Ground ratio.
Further, in the S9, rejecting abnormalities data point is due to actual seismic reflection record interrupting layer bad break position
Stratigraphy assemblage is it occur frequently that change, real drilling stratum thickness, particle rock thickness, seismic reflection amplitude have been distorted, have been not used to
Data point statistics.
Further, in the S6, forward model needs to join well profile according to real drilling well, according to thickness and stratum on true well
Interval velocity is established, and forward modeling section needs to compare with the earthquake reflection section of excessively corresponding real drilling well, analyzes practical function.
Further, in the S10, extract amplitude attribute, using RMS amplitude attribute, opened when window size can be rigid
It well include that a wave crest or trough phase are advisable.
Further, during using individual well the comparison three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map is corrected in the S12, first by individual well
Ground fits a trend surface than data in the plane, is corrected using the trend surface to paleogeomorphological map, to improve ancient ground
The precision of looks figure.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) this method is the raising to a kind of novelty of conventional palaeogeomorphology (residual thickness method, impression method).Success
Solve tracking precision of the conventional method dependent on specific stratigraphy assemblage and seismic horizon, if it is incompetent up and down to have abolished target zone
Enough reflecting interfaces continuously tracked then can not accurately restore target zone and deposit palaeogeomorphic limitation.
(2) this method is not necessarily to newly-increased seismic interpretation layer position, only completes on the basis of existing target zone interpretation results, greatly
It is big to reduce seismic interpretation workload.
(3) use only analysis target zone deposition before or deposition after sedimentation environment or deposition thickness variation caused by
The change of seismic amplitude be significantly better than in existing deposition palaeogeomorphology to restore to deposit the precision of paleogeographic reconstruction and be
Continuous traceable interface is found, and use characterizes palaeogeomorphic method apart from the biggish horizon flattening of target zone thickness, it is traditional
Method usually substantially reduces the precision of paleogeographic reconstruction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is single well seismic composite traces schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Stratigraphic framework section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is seismic forward simulation section of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention ground ratio and amplitude attribute cross plot；
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional deposition paleogeomorphological map after correction of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, below according to attached drawing and embodiment is enumerated,
The present invention is described in further details.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of deposition phase palaeogeomorphology based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude, including following step
It is rapid:
S1, basic data are collected: the post-stack migration seismic volume in collection research area, bores log data, well at Logging Curves
The data such as oblique data, coring data, individual-layer data, seismic interpretation layer position, individual well tested productivity data and Outline of regional geological setting.
S2, using the individual well GR log after normalized, demarcated by rock core, determine particle rock GR threshold
Value, and coring data and well log interpretation achievement is combined to divide particle rock stratum and non-particulate rock stratum, it is thick by statistics particle rock
Degree and the ratio of stratum overall thickness obtain individual well ground ratio.
S3, using sound wave and density log curve plotting individual well synthetic record, to target zone top bottom interface and purpose
Layer up and down demarcated by each bed boundary.
S4, paleogeographic reconstruction connection trave frame section is established: by particle rock interpretation results, individual-layer data, seismic profile, earthquake
The data such as layer position, log are thrown on screen work section, utilize flattening means by comprehensive analysis, qualitatively summarize a ground ratio
(different with target zone buried depth and seismic data resolution, which changes height, but not within the scope of 100m above and below target zone
It is preferably excessive) stablize the relationship of lithologic interface, the selection at the interface may be not necessarily limited to bed boundary, can also choose inside stratum
Lithologic interface.
S5, foundation sedimentary principle, ground deposition ancient landform highland more corresponding than high level；Otherwise corresponding deposition ancient landform is low
Ground.It finds with ground than the lithologic interface in obvious correlation, as paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer.
S6, statistical research area reality drilling well paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer are pushed up away from stratum or the thickness at bottom is (if the auxiliary layer is located at
Above target zone, then for away from top thickness degree；If the auxiliary layer is located at below target zone, for away from base thickness degree) and interval velocity, establish wedge
Shape forward model, forward modeling mode select the excitation reception mode of self excitation and self receiving.Forward model needs to cut open according to real drilling well connection well
Face is established according to thickness on true well and formation interval velocity, and forward modeling section needs to cut open with the seismic reflection of excessively corresponding real drilling well
Face compares, and analyzes practical function.
Correlation of the phantom thicknesses with amplitude is established in S7, analysis earthquake Forward modelling result, summary.
S8, extract target zone top circle reflecting interface on or target zone lower bound reflecting interface under lineups amplitude,
It is recommended that using RMS amplitude attribute, the when window size opened can just include that a wave crest or trough phase be advisable, when window can not
It is excessive or too small.By above-mentioned real drilling well ground than intersecting with amplitude, statistics ground is than obtaining phase with seismic reflection amplitude
Guan Xing makes correlation curve.
S9, the above-mentioned cross plot of analysis, rejecting abnormalities data point.Due to actual seismic reflection record interrupting layer bad break position
Layer combination is it occur frequently that change, real drilling stratum thickness, particle rock thickness, seismic reflection amplitude have been distorted, have been not used to count
Strong point statistics needs to reject processing and then amendment correlation curve.
S10, the data such as individual well ground ratio, paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer formation thickness, individual well tested productivity are thrown in S8
It on the amplitude attribute plan view of extraction and creates on any even well seismic cross-section, the identical rate situation of evaluation individual well.
After S11, assessment this method are applicable in research area's paleogeographic reconstruction, the amplitude attribute map extracted in S8 is carried out three
Visualization display is tieed up, deposits preceding or post-depositional deposition ancient landform to characterize target zone.
S12, using individual well ground compare the three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map be corrected, first by individual well ground than data in plane
On fit a trend surface, paleogeomorphological map is corrected using the trend surface, to improve the precision of paleogeomorphological map, obtain compared with
For accurately quantitative three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map.
As shown in Fig. 2, fine well-shake mark top is the accurate basic condition for picking up lithologic interface information of the invention.
As shown in figure 3, Strata Comparison screen work can determine sedimentation Filling Characteristics, suitable auxiliary lithologic character stratum pair is found
As.
As shown in figure 4, using seismic forward simulation to determine the corresponding relationship of formation thickness Yu seismic reflection amplitude power.
As shown in figure 5, real drilling well ground crosses with seismic reflection amplitude, verify Forward modelling result whether with real drilling well feelings
Condition is coincide.
As shown in fig. 6, carrying out three-dimensional visible at figure to earthquake reflected amplitude after clear amplitude and landforms corresponding relationship
Change, the landforms of target zone are characterized.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright implementation method, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.Ability
The those of ordinary skill in domain disclosed the technical disclosures can make its various for not departing from essence of the invention according to the present invention
Its various specific variations and combinations, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of deposition phase palaeogeomorphology based on the analysis of seismic reflection amplitude, which comprises the following steps:
S1, basic data are collected: the data in collection research area, data include: post-stack migration seismic volume, Logging Curves, brill
Log data, hole deviation data, coring data, individual-layer data, seismic interpretation layer position, individual well tested productivity data and areal geology are general
Condition；
S2, core calibration, and combine coring data and well log interpretation achievement to divide particle rock stratum and non-particulate rock stratum, and count
Calculate a ground ratio；
S3, individual well synthetic record demarcate research purpose layer；
S4, paleogeographic reconstruction connection trave frame section is established: by particle rock interpretation results, individual-layer data, seismic profile, earthquake layer
The data such as position, log are thrown on screen work section, are utilized flattening means by comprehensive analysis, are qualitatively summarized ground than high
The low relationship with stable lithologic interface within the scope of target zone up and down 100m；
S5, it finds with ground than the lithologic interface in obvious correlation, as paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer；
S6, statistical research area reality drilling well paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer are pushed up away from stratum or the thickness and interval velocity at bottom, is establishing wedge shape just
Drill model；
Correlation of the phantom thicknesses with amplitude is established in S7, analysis earthquake Forward modelling result, summary；
S8, extract target zone top circle reflecting interface on or target zone lower bound reflecting interface under lineups amplitude；Pass through
Above-mentioned reality drilling well ground ratio is intersected with amplitude, and statistics ground is made related bent than obtaining correlation with seismic reflection amplitude
Line；
S9, the above-mentioned cross plot of analysis, tomography is met in rejecting since well bores or Sedimentary Facies change caused deviation correlation song
The biggish data point of line, is fitted correlation curve again；
S10, the data of individual well ground ratio, paleogeographic reconstruction auxiliary layer formation thickness, individual well tested productivity are thrown and are extracted in S8
Amplitude attribute plan view on and create any even on well seismic cross-section, evaluation individual well coincide rate situation；
It, can by the amplitude attribute map extracted in S8 progress three-dimensional after S11, assessment this method are applicable in research area's paleogeographic reconstruction
It is shown depending on changing, deposits preceding or post-depositional deposition ancient landform to characterize target zone；
S12, using the comparison of individual well ground, the three-dimensional paleogeomorphological map is corrected, and obtains accurately quantitative three-dimensional ancient landform
Figure.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: real drilling well ground is than mainly using at normalization in the S8
Individual well GR log after reason, is demarcated by rock core, determines particle rock GR threshold value；Pass through statistics particle rock thickness and ground
The ratio of layer overall thickness obtains individual well ground ratio.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by: rejecting abnormalities data point is due to practically in the S9
Reflection record interrupting layer bad break position stratigraphy assemblage is shaken it occur frequently that changing, real drilling stratum thickness, particle rock thickness, earthquake are anti-
It penetrates amplitude to be distorted, is not used to data point statistics.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by: forward model needs to cut open according to real drilling well connection well in the S6
Face is established according to thickness on true well and formation interval velocity, and forward modeling section needs to cut open with the seismic reflection of excessively corresponding real drilling well
Face compares, and analyzes practical function.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized by: extracting amplitude attribute in the S10, using RMS amplitude category
Property, the when window size opened can just include that a wave crest or trough phase are advisable.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized by: the ancient ground of the three-dimensional is compared in the S12 using individual well
During looks figure is corrected, individual well ground is fitted to a trend surface in the plane than data first, using the trend surface to Gu
Geomorphologic map is corrected, to improve the precision of paleogeomorphological map.
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| CN111239818A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-05 | 成都理工大学 | Ancient landform analysis method based on three-dimensional dip angle attribute body correction |
| CN111650642A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-09-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Industrialized process for recovering relatively micro ancient landform by using three-dimensional earthquake |
| CN112180463A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Prediction method for sandstone spread in transition layer section |
| CN112327355A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-05 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Ancient landform restoration method based on source-sink system |
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| CN114076982A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2022-02-22 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Karst ancient landform restoration method and device based on waveform characteristic difference |
| CN114076982B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Karst paleo-landform restoration method and device based on waveform characteristic difference |
| CN112327355A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-05 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Ancient landform restoration method based on source-sink system |
| CN112327355B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2024-02-06 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司 | Ancient landform restoration method based on source-sink system |
| CN112180463A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Prediction method for sandstone spread in transition layer section |
| CN112731531A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-30 | 西南石油大学 | Shale gas favorable area prediction method combining ancient landform analysis and mathematical analysis |
| CN112731531B (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2022-07-22 | 西南石油大学 | Shale gas favorable area prediction method combining ancient landform analysis and mathematical analysis |
| US11542816B2 (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2023-01-03 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | System and method for hydrocarbon exploration based on imaging tunnel valleys |
| CN113312695A (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2021-08-27 | 成都理工大学 | Ancient landform restoration method based on trend surface analysis |
| CN113312695B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-03-11 | 成都理工大学 | Ancient landform restoration method based on trend surface analysis |
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