CN104049275A - Identification method and system for complex basin edge super-stripped belt subtle trap boundary - Google Patents
Identification method and system for complex basin edge super-stripped belt subtle trap boundary Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an identification method and system for a complex basin edge super-stripped belt subtle trap boundary. The identification method includes the following steps that firstly, structural features of a plane of unconformity are analyzed and defined with data of earthquakes, well drilling, well measuring, well logging and the like as the basis; secondly, a geologic model is designed, forward modeling of earthquake responses is conducted, instantaneous phase earthquake attributes are extracted along the stratum, and a stratum super-stripped line for earthquake identification is depicted; thirdly, a geologic model capable of reflecting the super-stripped concept of the stratum is selected, earthquake forward modeling is conducted, and main factors affecting an error distance are defined; fourthly, an error distance formula under the stratum super-stripped condition is established; fifthly, the stratum subtle strap boundary is described according to the stratum super-stripped line and the error distance for the earthquake attribute identification. According to the identification method and system for the complex basin edge super-stripped belt subtle trap boundary, the position of the super-stripped line for earthquake identification can be accurately described, the subtle trap boundary is quantitatively identified based on an extrapolation formula built through multi-model forward modeling, an oil-gas accumulation boundary can be easily and accurately determined, and the oil exploration risk can be effectively lowered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum and gas geology and exploration field, be specifically related to a kind of super stripping of complicated basin edge based on super stripping point extrapolation technique with recognition methods and the recognition system on subtle trap border.
Background technology
Stratigraphic overlap Dian Shi basin fill district and basin be outer corrode or without the separation between sedimentary province, constructed lifting, sea level declines or the two acting in conjunction affects, basin edge stratigraphic overlap point usually suffers degrading in various degree.In the two kinds of situations that are distributed with of deposition dip section overlying strata primary deposit thickness, the first situation is common in down warping region type basin, from edge, basin to center, basin, increases successively; The second situation is common in passive continental margin or sedimentary province, large triangle continent, in erosion free situation, zone thickness is roughly obtained maximal value near the separation between topset and foreset bed is foreset rupture, by this place to land, both sides, sea (lake) trend that all tapers off, zone thickness from edge, basin towards center, basin first increases and then decreases.Traditional recognition method is: after supposition sedimentation, do not stand the transformation of remarkable tectonic activity, the abtragung on stratum is only caused by the decline effect (settlement action that is decided by global sea variation and earth's surface) of reference field or RELATIVE SEA LEVEL, the abtragung on stratum generally starts from edge, basin, and to center, basin, advance gradually, the regional zone thickness that does not stand abtragung is called net thickness.For determining the position of prime stratum onlap point, according to net thickness variation tendency, Eroded Thickness size is divided into two kinds of situations, the first is little denudation situation, net thickness increases towards basin center position gradually from edge, basin, or first increases and then decreases; The second is that large denudation situation net thickness successively decreases to basin-wards.Under little denudation situation, effective layer thickness is from its maximum of points, towards land or basin edge direction reduce successively, choosing tendency stratigraphic section is true origin by the end points of land side, and x axle arranges along section bearing of trend, and its positive dirction is pointed to center, basin, y axle represents zone thickness, set up coordinate system, select exponential function as the basic function of net thickness matching, and suppose that net thickness (is designated as from its maximal value
) start to be thinned to a certain critical thickness towards land direction and (be designated as
) after, approaching near stratigraphic overlap point, the approximate linear distribution of obeying of zone thickness, set up multi-stage model:
In formula, a, b is undetermined coefficient, e is natural constant;
with
be respectively maximum ga(u)ge and the critical thickness position coordinates on section;
for critical thickness point (
,
) with the slope of land side line thickness function, according to maximum ga(u)ge value point, with land net thickness data, with least square fitting, determine a, the value of b; 1. fit indices function is differentiated, calculate (
,
) locate tangent line derived function value, this value is critical slope
, can determine thus critical thickness point
,
value, bring this value into function 1., and order
=0, try to achieve
thereby, obtain the stratigraphic overlap point position in little denudation situation.Under large denudation situation, large denudation stratum and the stratum on the same group of underliing are merged, statistics net thickness, and make its distribution meet little denudation situation, then according to the segmented model of setting up, try to achieve original onlap point position, the original onlap point position using it as required large denudation stratum end face.Because tectonic movement is larger on Eroded Thickness impact, affected by palaeogeomorphology larger, the denudation of the different deposition positions of same sedimentary system also there are differences, and the method is not considered the impact on denudation such as tectonic movement, palaeogeomorphology, stratigraphic dip, the result that causes extrapolating is inaccurate, and its range of application and accuracy of identification have certain limitation.
Development along with geophysical exploration technology, it is the true reflection to existing bed boundary that technician has found out seismic reflection, the pinching of seismic reflection layer, truncation can characterize contact relation and the pinching position of ground interlayer substantially, near but the general obvious attenuate of sand group thickness stratigraphic overlap line, be subject to the restriction of seismic data resolution, near seismic section overlying strata onlap point, reflection line-ups weakens in advance or disappears, therefore cannot directly determine the position of stratigraphic overlap point according to seismic section.Based on this, development has formed seismic reflection layer angle extrapolation method, and this method reflects the geologic model of simple geology concept by design, set up seismic reflection layer angle extrapolation distance formula in onlap situation:
, in formula, X is the distance between the actual onlap point of seismic recognition onlap point and stratum, and H is zone thickness, and a is unconformity surface inclination angle, and b is stratigraphic dip.Seismic reflection layer angle extrapolation method, according to the variation tendency of seismic reflection lineups, according to seismic reflection layer angle extrapolation distance formula, is quantitatively determined the position of stratigraphic overlap point.But the method is not considered the zone thickness that seismic data resolution can be identified, the prerequisite of its extrapolation is the variation tendency extrapolation according to seismic reflection lineups, often choosing of starting point of extrapolation varies with each individual, at stratigraphic overlap, degrade the region that is related to complexity, the identification difficulty of unconformity surface, stratigraphic dip, unconformity surface inclination angle how to confirm do not provide final conclusion, do not discuss, so the method still exist certain subjectivity and limitation for degrading line how to confirm.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the super stripping of a kind of complicated basin edge based on multiple data such as Geologic modeling, forward simulation, seismic properties, Mathematical extrapolated methods with recognition methods and the recognition system on subtle trap border, the position of the super wire stripping of seismic recognition can accurately be described, the extrapolation formula of utilizing multi-model forward simulation to set up, quantitatively identify the border of subtle trap, be conducive to accurately determine oil-gas accumulation border, effectively reduce petroleum prospecting risk.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the super stripping of a kind of complicated basin edge, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, comprises the steps:
(1) take three dimensional seismic data as basis, in conjunction with data such as drilling well, well logging and well loggings, pass through structural evolution analysis, utilize three dimensional seismic data to recover palaeogeomorphology feature, build pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity, combination model is just drilled, analyze the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface, define unconformity surface architectural feature;
(2) design reflects stratigraphic overlap and degrades the geologic model of concept, the corresponding seismic response of forward simulation, window when opening up and down along unconformity surface, to three dimensional seismic data, along unconformity surface, extract stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive instantaneous phase seismic properties of reflection, once to the upper and lower stratigraphic overlap of unconformity surface with degrade line and tentatively identify;
(3) select to set up in step (2) representative, can reflect stratigraphic overlap and degrade the geologic model of concept, carry out respectively two-dimension earthquake forward simulation, on affecting a plurality of factors of error distance between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, for onlap with degrade two kinds of situations, adopt single-factor analysis therapy, the principal element that clearly affects error distance is: angle, formation velocity and seismic frequency between super stripping stratigraphic dip, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface;
(4) geologic model of the super stripping in the selected reflection of step (3) stratum concept is converted into mathematical model, in conjunction with the error distance influence factor affecting between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, sets up error distance formula in stratigraphic overlap situation:
, in formula, X is error distance, v is stratum average velocity,
for the angle of super stripping stratum and unconformity surface,
for super stripping stratigraphic dip, f is seismic frequency;
(5) in integrating step (2), according to the super stripping point of the seismic recognition of the super wire stripping in the stratum of earthquake Attribute Recognition and step (4) gained and actual formation, surpass the error distance between stripping point, describe out subtle trap border, stratum.
Wherein, unconformity surface architectural feature clear and definite in described step (1) is: the Seismic reflection character of stratigraphic overlap unconformity surface is middle strong reflection, it is parallel that interface echo and the seismic reflection lineups of underlying formation are bordering on, the seismic reflection lineups on the stratum onlap pinching that makes progress along slope on interface; The Seismic reflection character of cutting section unconformity surface is the approximate uniclinal form of unconformity surface, the seismic reflection lineups of continuous interfacial underlying formation reflect obviously and are angle of intersection with unconformity surface, when on unconformity surface, sand body is close with the sand body inclination angle of underliing, the nearly continuity of seismic event is extended.
Wherein, described step (2) comprising: along unconformity surface, extract stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive amplitude statistics class of reflection, spectrum statistics class, sequence statistics class, phase place class, complex seismic trace statistics class seismic properties, each generic attribute of Statistical Comparison is layer onlap and the reflection precision of degrading line over the ground, and therefrom the instantaneous phase seismic properties in selected phase generic attribute is carried out identification tentatively, roughly to the super wire stripping in the stratum of seismic recognition.Reason is: the pinching point that the instantaneous phase attribute in phase place generic attribute identifies than other seismic properties is more accurate, because instantaneous phase attribute is a kind of disposal route being based upon on Xi Er baud conversion basis, it is the function of time, the continuity that has reflected reflection wave, irrelevant with the energy of seismic event.In this step, can utilize the poststack module in landmark, to three dimensional seismic data, along unconformity surface, extract instantaneous phase seismic properties.
Wherein, in described step (4), in stratigraphic overlap situation, when stratum, injustice is overtime, and error distance formula is
;
When stratum flat overtime,
, error distance formula is
.
Wherein, in described step (4), degrade in situation on stratum, if seismic event represents sand body end face, it is identical with the error distance formula of stratigraphic overlap situation that situation is degraded on stratum,
;
If seismic event represents sand body bottom surface, the error distance formula that degrade in situation on stratum is identical with the flat overtime error distance formula in stratum,
,
.
Wherein, in described step (4), stratum average velocity v is by the interval transit time of real drilling well, according to formula
calculating is asked for.
Utilize poststack module in landmark to carry out spectrum analysis to seismic data and try to achieve seismic frequency f.
Wherein, in described step (4), in the abundant region of drilling data, according to adjacent two wells, ask for super stripping stratigraphic dip;
Ask for the angle of super stripping stratigraphic dip, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface utilizing three-dimensional dip body estimating techniques without drilling data region;
For what cause due to scarce big gun, without seismic data, the poor region of seismic data quality, by being taken advantage of a situation, extend lineups the angle that estimation is asked for super stripping stratigraphic dip, surpassed stripping stratum and unconformity surface.
In the present invention,
(1) seismic reflection is the true reflection to existing bed boundary, the pinching of seismic reflection layer, degrade substantially contact relation and the pinching position that can characterize ground interlayer, so take three dimensional seismic data in step (1) as basis, in conjunction with data such as drilling well, well logging and well loggings, pass through structural evolution analysis, in conjunction with palaeogeomorphology feature, build pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity, combination model is just drilled, analyze the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface, define unconformity surface architectural feature, but there will be, go here and there the phenomenon of axle when follow the trail of explaining such unconformity surface.
(2) unconformity surface is upper and lower, onlap or abtragung due to stratum, the obvious attenuate of zone thickness, be subject to the restriction of seismic data resolution, seismic reflection lineups weaken in advance or are blank reflectance signature near unconformity surface, give determining and the practicable difficulty of bringing of pinching line of unconformity surface, implement in this case pinching line, conventionally according to the personnel of explanation experience, along the earthquake axle extension of taking advantage of a situation in the same way, its explanation results often varies with each individual, angle from applied geophysics, seismic properties is component or the subset that reflects different geologic features (information) in geological data, that description stratal configuration and lithology are with the seismic signature amount of the geological informations such as transitivity, the effect that different seismic properties is brought into play in solving the process of geological problem is different.
So pass through design geologic model in step (2), the corresponding seismic response of forward simulation, optimize instantaneous phase attribute and portray the super wire stripping in stratum of seismic recognition, utilize the poststack module in landmark, to three dimensional seismic data, along unconformity surface, extract instantaneous phase seismic properties, can be once to the upper and lower stratigraphic overlap of unconformity surface with degrade line (being designated hereinafter simply as the super wire stripping in stratum) and carry out identification tentatively, roughly.
(3) because super stripping band stratum is thin, the super stripping point in stratum is subject to the impact of tuning effect, seismic event pinching point and stratum actual super stripping border is inconsistent, can not be simply according to zone of interest reflection line-ups weaken or the variation of disappearance and seismic properties accurately judges the position of zone of interest pinching line, therefore in step (3), select representative, can reflect stratigraphic overlap and degrade the geologic model of concept, carry out respectively two-dimension earthquake forward simulation, clearly affect the principal element of error distance.
The present invention also provides the recognition system of the super stripping of the complicated basin edge of the above-mentioned recognition methods of a kind of combination with subtle trap border, comprise data acquisition facility, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device, geologic model is set up device, the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping in stratum, error distance analysis of Influential Factors device, error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment and subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit, described data acquisition facility, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device, geologic model sets up device and the stratum preliminary recognition device of super wire stripping to be connected successively, described error distance analysis of Influential Factors device is connected with apparatus for establishing with geologic model design respectively with analytical equipment with error distance Mathematical Models, the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping of described subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit and stratum, error distance Mathematical Models is connected with analytical equipment while data transmission.
Wherein, described unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device comprises pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device and the unconformity surface characteristics of seismic analytical equipment being connected, and between described pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device and described data acquisition facility, data transmission is connected;
Described geologic model is set up and between the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping of device and stratum, is also provided with that seismic properties is extracted, analytical equipment;
Described error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment comprise the angle analytical equipment of stratum average velocity analytical equipment, seismic data arrangements for analyzing frequency, super stripping stratigraphic dip analytical equipment and super stripping stratum and unconformity surface.
In the present invention, the effect of above-mentioned each device is as described below:
(1) data acquisition facility: obtain three dimensional seismic data on the spot, the data such as drilling well, well logging and well logging;
(2) unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device: pass through structural evolution analysis, utilize three dimensional seismic data to recover palaeogeomorphology feature, utilize pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device to build pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity, combination model is just drilled, utilize unconformity surface characteristics of seismic analytical equipment to analyze the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface, define unconformity surface architectural feature;
(3) geologic model is set up device: in conjunction with each data information and analysis gained unconformity surface architectural feature, design and set up reflection stratigraphic overlap and degrade the geologic model of concept;
(4) the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping in stratum: according to being extracted by seismic properties, analytical equipment obtains that stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive instantaneous phase seismic properties of reflection, to the upper and lower stratigraphic overlap of unconformity surface with degrade line and tentatively identify;
(5) error distance analysis of Influential Factors device: the geologic model that two-dimension earthquake forward simulation geologic model sets up device to set up, on affecting a plurality of factors of error distance between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, for onlap with degrade two kinds of situations, adopt single-factor analysis therapy, clearly affect the principal element of error distance;
(6) error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment: geologic model and the definite influence factor of error distance analysis of Influential Factors device of in conjunction with geologic model, setting up device to set up, set up mathematical model and the mathematical formulae of error distance, the angle of the stratum average velocity v then obtaining according to the angle analytical equipment of stratum average velocity analytical equipment, seismic data arrangements for analyzing frequency, super stripping stratigraphic dip analytical equipment and super stripping stratum and unconformity surface, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface
, super stripping stratigraphic dip
and seismic frequency f calculates error distance X and exports to subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit;
(7) subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit: in conjunction with the error distance X of the super wire stripping in stratum tentatively being identified by the stratum preliminary recognition device of super wire stripping and error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment output, finally identify subtle trap border, and with the formal output of pattern.
Due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages:
1. the present invention is the data such as comprehensive utilization earthquake, drilling well, well logging and well logging, adopt method unlike the prior art, on the basis of clear and definite unconformity surface architectural feature, utilize seismic properties and error distance formula, realize the onlap line of stratigraphic trap and quantitatively identify description technique with the subtle trap border of degrading line meticulous depiction, can accurately describe out subtle trap border, stratum.
2. the present invention has considered the impacts of factor on the super wire stripping in stratum such as tectonic movement, palaeogeomorphology feature, stratigraphic dip, has reduced the one-sidedness that monotechnics is described subtle trap border; On the basis of clear and definite unconformity surface architectural feature, conduct a research, the super wire stripping of being with for the super stripping of fine description lays the foundation; The instantaneous phase attribute optimizing by seismic properties, can carry out quick, objective, meticulous portraying to super wire stripping, has effectively evaded the subjectivity that different personnel explain; And divide on this basis onlap and degrade different situations, utilize error distance formula, effectively overcome the defect of seismic data resolution deficiency, the super wire stripping in stratum is carried out to quota portray.
3. the present invention is conducive to the super wire stripping position of the super stripping band of fine description, and the super stripping band of quantitative description subtle trap border, reduces exploration risk, improves exploration success ratio.Super stripping band is explored in oil-gas exploration at home and abroad and exploitation and is occupied larger ratio, and the area running at home has: North of Junggar Basin, NORTHEAST MARGIN, Nan Yuan, Tarim Basin, the Caidamu Basin etc.Before not using this recognition methods, the super stripping band subtle trap Boundary Recognition precision in these areas is low, and drilling well failure is more, and cost of exploration & development is high.Use after this recognition methods, North of Junggar Basin has accurately been described super stripping band subtle trap border, has found " light of spring oil field " and " Yael Arad oil field " two oil fields, and accumulative total reports controls petroleum-in-place 5853.85 * 10
4t, prediction petroleum-in-place 7125.64 * 10
4t, 2,246,100,000 yuan of new output values, have produced good economic benefit.At other, similarly super stripping band is regional, applies subtle trap of the present invention border and quantitatively identifies the super wire stripping position that description technique can accurately be identified super stripping band, effectively the subtle trap oil-gas exploration and development work of the super stripping band of guidance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity figure in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is stratigraphic overlap geologic model figure in embodiment mono-;
Fig. 3 is that in embodiment mono-, geology illustraton of model is degraded on stratum;
Fig. 4 be in embodiment mono-error distance with the variation diagram of stratigraphic dip;
Fig. 5 be in embodiment mono-error distance with the variation diagram of formation velocity;
Fig. 6 be in embodiment mono-error distance with the variation diagram of seismic frequency;
Fig. 7 is the mathematical model figure of stratigraphic overlap geologic model in embodiment mono-;
Fig. 8 is the mathematical model figure that in embodiment mono-, geologic model is degraded on stratum;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 11 is the structural representation of recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention three;
Figure 12 is the structural representation of recognition system in the embodiment of the present invention four.
Description of reference numerals:
1, data acquisition facility;
2, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device; 20, pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device; 21, unconformity surface characteristics of seismic analytical equipment;
3, geologic model is set up device;
4, the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping in stratum;
5, error distance analysis of Influential Factors device;
6, error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment; 60, stratum average velocity analytical equipment; 61, seismic data arrangements for analyzing frequency; 62, super stripping stratigraphic dip analytical equipment; 63, the angle analytical equipment of super stripping stratum and unconformity surface;
7, subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit;
8, seismic properties extraction, analytical equipment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment mono-: the super stripping of a kind of complicated basin edge, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, comprises the steps:
(1) take and breathe out Shanxi three dimensional seismic data as basis, one section of gulf, Yi Ba road group is zone of interest, by structural evolution analysis, clear and definite in district, experienced Early Permian Epoch end and be as the criterion that original place stack, the Permian epoch to Triassic period are covered for contrary punching pushes away, Jurassic period to the Cretaceous period is integral elevating, the Da Er Boot fracture in happiness the north, Qi Ha mountain, mountain walks to slide the tectonic movement of totally 4 phases.Breathe out Mountain area geologic structure and there is in the vertical obvious laminarity, can be divided into upper and lower two synthems, infrastructure distortion is strong, is the contrary rupture System of rushing, and suprastructure is mainly the super stripping band of shallow-layer leading edge, affected by rift structure relatively little, show as to press and turn round feature, integral body is uniclinal slope, and structural feature is simple, for the Triassic system and above series of strata stratum, at the bottom of growing Triassic Bottom, Jurassic systerm, 3 phase of Cretaceous Bottom unconformability.Wherein eight gulf, road groups are successively onlap feature to basin edge direction, and the top lifting of being ruptured affects by Cretaceous System and truncates, and on Cretaceous System, stratum is successively onlap feature.In landmark, utilize seiswork module, to the inclined to one side time domain seismic data of prestack depth, at the bottom of extracting eight gulf, road groups and the time value of Cretaceous Bottom, Negotiation speed field converts the degree of depth to it, then both do poor, obtain the zone thickness of this interval, then in suffer8.0 software, be shown as 3 D stereo paleogeomorphogloic map, according to palaeogeomorphology feature, drilling well in land, the data such as well logging and well logging, built the pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity of the super stripping band of leading edge in district as shown in Figure 1, combination model is just drilled, analyze the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface, define unconformity surface architectural feature: the Seismic reflection character of stratigraphic overlap unconformity surface is middle strong reflection, interface echo is bordering on parallel with the seismic reflection lineups of underlying formation, the seismic reflection lineups on the stratum onlap pinching that makes progress along slope on interface, the Seismic reflection character of cutting section unconformity surface is the approximate uniclinal form of unconformity surface, the seismic reflection lineups of continuous interfacial underlying formation reflect obviously and are angle of intersection with unconformity surface, when on unconformity surface, sand body is close with the sand body inclination angle of underliing, the nearly continuity of seismic event is extended.
(2) in the GeoGraphix of Discovery5000 software Seismic Modeling module, design reflects stratigraphic overlap and degrades the geologic model of concept, the corresponding seismic response of forward simulation, along unconformity surface, extract stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive amplitude statistics class of reflection, spectrum statistics class, sequence statistics class, phase place class, complex seismic trace statistics class seismic properties, each generic attribute of Statistical Comparison is layer onlap and the reflection precision of degrading line over the ground, think that the pinching point that instantaneous phase attribute in phase place generic attribute identifies than other seismic properties is more accurate, then in breathing out space, Shanxi, utilize the poststack module in landmark, window when opening up and down along Cretaceous Bottom unconformity surface (time window size choose to take just comprise objective body as principle), along layer, extract instantaneous phase seismic properties, the super wire stripping in stratum that can once upper and lower earthquake can be identified to bottom of Cretaceous formation carries out tentatively, identification roughly.
(3) select as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 representative, can reflect stratigraphic overlap and degrade the geologic model of concept, carry out respectively two-dimension earthquake forward simulation, on affecting a plurality of factors of error distance between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, for onlap with degrade two kinds of situations, adopt single-factor analysis therapy (being unitary variant method), the principal element that clearly affects error distance is: angle, formation velocity and seismic frequency between super stripping stratigraphic dip, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface; When Fig. 4 represents same formation speed, seismic frequency, Different Strata inclination angle, error distance reduces with the increase of stratigraphic dip; When Fig. 5 represents same formation inclination angle, seismic frequency, Different Strata speed, error distance reduces and reduces with formation velocity; When Fig. 6 represents same formation speed, stratigraphic dip, different earthquake frequency, error distance reduces with the increase of seismic frequency.
(4) geologic model of the super stripping in the selected reflection of step (3) stratum concept is converted into mathematical model as shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, in conjunction with the error distance influence factor affecting between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, set up error distance formula in the super stripping situation in stratum:
, in formula, X is error distance, v is stratum average velocity,
for the angle of super stripping stratum and unconformity surface,
for super stripping stratigraphic dip, f is seismic frequency.
Be specially: in stratigraphic overlap situation, when stratum, injustice is overtime, error distance formula is
;
When stratum flat overtime,
, error distance formula is
.
Degrade in situation on stratum, if seismic event represents sand body end face, it is identical with the error distance formula of stratigraphic overlap situation that situation is degraded on stratum,
;
If seismic event represents sand body bottom surface, the error distance formula that degrade in situation on stratum is identical with the flat overtime error distance formula in stratum,
,
.
In step (4), stratum average velocity v is by the interval transit time of real drilling well, according to formula
calculating is asked for.
Utilize poststack module in landmark to carry out spectrum analysis to seismic data and try to achieve seismic frequency f.
In the abundant region of drilling data, according to adjacent two wells, ask for super stripping stratigraphic dip;
Ask for the angle of super stripping stratigraphic dip, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface utilizing three-dimensional dip body estimating techniques without drilling data region;
For what cause due to scarce big gun, without seismic data, the poor region of seismic data quality, by being taken advantage of a situation, extend lineups the angle that estimation is asked for super stripping stratigraphic dip and surpassed stripping stratum and unconformity surface.
(5) in integrating step (2), according to the super stripping point of the seismic recognition of the super wire stripping in the stratum of earthquake Attribute Recognition and step (4) gained and actual formation, surpass the error distance between stripping point, quantitative description goes out subtle trap border, stratum.
The embodiment of the present invention one also provides the recognition system of the super stripping of a kind of complicated basin edge of the above-mentioned recognition methods of combination as shown in Figure 9 with subtle trap border, comprise data acquisition facility 1, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device 2, geologic model is set up device 3, the preliminary recognition device 4 of the super wire stripping in stratum, error distance analysis of Influential Factors device 5, error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment 6 and subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit 7, described data acquisition facility 1, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device 2, geologic model sets up the preliminary recognition device 4 of the super wire stripping in device 3 and stratum to be connected successively, described error distance analysis of Influential Factors device 5 is connected with apparatus for establishing 3 with geologic model design respectively with analytical equipment 6 with error distance Mathematical Models, described subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit 7 and the preliminary recognition device 4 of the super wire stripping in stratum, error distance Mathematical Models is connected with 6 while of analytical equipment data transmission.
First above-mentioned recognition system obtains three dimensional seismic data on the spot by data acquisition facility, the data such as drilling well, well logging and well logging; Then by unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device, utilize three dimensional seismic data to recover palaeogeomorphology feature, combination model is just drilled, analyze the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface, define unconformity surface architectural feature, and result is passed to geologic model set up device, by geologic model, set up device set up reflection stratigraphic overlap and degrade the geologic model of concept; Then by the stratum preliminary recognition device of super wire stripping super wire stripping in preliminary identification place stratum on geologic model; Simultaneously, by error distance analysis of Influential Factors device, clearly affected mathematical model and the mathematical formulae of by error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment, being set up error distance after the principal element of error distance, and according to the angle of stratum average velocity v, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface
, super stripping stratigraphic dip
and each value of seismic frequency f calculates error distance X and export to subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit, the super wire stripping in stratum in conjunction with tentatively identifying, finally identifies subtle trap border, and with the formal output of pattern.
Embodiment bis-: it is identical with embodiment mono-with the recognition methods on subtle trap border that the present embodiment complicated basin edge used surpasses stripping, recognition system used as shown in figure 10, basic identical with the structure of recognition system in embodiment mono-, difference is: described unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device 2 comprises pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device 20 and the unconformity surface characteristics of seismic analytical equipment 21 being connected, and between described pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device 20 and described data acquisition facility 1, data transmission is connected.
Wherein, pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device is used for building pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity; Unconformity surface characteristics of seismic analytical equipment is for analyzing the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface.
Embodiment tri-: it is identical with embodiment mono-with the recognition methods on subtle trap border that the present embodiment complicated basin edge used surpasses stripping, recognition system used as shown in figure 11, basic identical with the structure of embodiment bis-, difference is: described geologic model is set up between the preliminary recognition device 4 of the super wire stripping of device 3 and stratum and is also provided with seismic properties extraction, analytical equipment 8, along unconformity surface, extracts stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive instantaneous phase seismic properties of reflection.
Embodiment tetra-: it is identical with embodiment mono-with the recognition methods on subtle trap border that the present embodiment complicated basin edge used surpasses stripping, recognition system used as shown in figure 12, basic identical with the structure of embodiment tri-, difference is: described error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment 6 comprise the angle analytical equipment 63 of stratum average velocity analytical equipment 60, seismic data arrangements for analyzing frequency 61, super stripping stratigraphic dip analytical equipment 62 and super stripping stratum and unconformity surface, are respectively used to analyze and the angle that calculates stratum average velocity v, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface
, super stripping stratigraphic dip
and seismic frequency f.
The present invention considered the impacts of factor on the super wire stripping in stratum such as tectonic movement, palaeogeomorphology feature, stratigraphic dip, reduced the one-sidedness that monotechnics is described subtle trap border; On the basis of clear and definite unconformity surface architectural feature, conduct a research, the super wire stripping of being with for the super stripping of fine description lays the foundation; The instantaneous phase attribute optimizing by seismic properties, can carry out quick, objective, meticulous portraying to super wire stripping, has effectively evaded the subjectivity that different personnel explain; And divide on this basis onlap and degrade different situations, utilize error distance formula, effectively overcome the defect of seismic data resolution deficiency, the super wire stripping in stratum is carried out to quota portray.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention; can also make some improvement or replacement, these improvement or replacement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the super stripping of complicated basin edge, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) take three dimensional seismic data as basis, in conjunction with data such as drilling well, well logging and well loggings, pass through structural evolution analysis, utilize three dimensional seismic data to recover palaeogeomorphology feature, build pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity, combination model is just drilled, analyze the characteristics of seismic of unconformity surface, define unconformity surface architectural feature;
(2) design reflects stratigraphic overlap and degrades the geologic model of concept, the corresponding seismic response of forward simulation, window when opening up and down along unconformity surface, to three dimensional seismic data, along unconformity surface, extract stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive instantaneous phase seismic properties of reflection, once to the upper and lower stratigraphic overlap of unconformity surface with degrade line and tentatively identify;
(3) select to set up in step (2) representative, can reflect stratigraphic overlap and degrade the geologic model of concept, carry out respectively two-dimension earthquake forward simulation, on affecting a plurality of factors of error distance between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, for onlap with degrade two kinds of situations, adopt single-factor analysis therapy, the principal element that clearly affects error distance is: angle, formation velocity and seismic frequency between super stripping stratigraphic dip, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface;
(4) geologic model of the super stripping in the selected reflection of step (3) stratum concept is converted into mathematical model, in conjunction with the error distance influence factor affecting between the super stripping point of seismic recognition and the super stripping point of actual formation, sets up error distance formula in the super stripping situation in stratum:
, in formula, X is error distance, v is stratum average velocity,
for the angle of super stripping stratum and unconformity surface,
for super stripping stratigraphic dip, f is seismic frequency;
(5) in integrating step (2), according to the super stripping point of the seismic recognition of the super wire stripping in the stratum of earthquake Attribute Recognition and step (4) gained and actual formation, surpass the error distance X between stripping point, describe out subtle trap border, stratum.
2. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 1 is with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, it is characterized in that, unconformity surface architectural feature clear and definite in described step (1) is: the Seismic reflection character of stratigraphic overlap unconformity surface is middle strong reflection, it is parallel that interface echo and the seismic reflection lineups of underlying formation are bordering on, the seismic reflection lineups on the stratum onlap pinching that makes progress along slope on interface; The Seismic reflection character of cutting section unconformity surface is the approximate uniclinal form of unconformity surface, the seismic reflection lineups of continuous interfacial underlying formation reflect obviously and are angle of intersection with unconformity surface, when on unconformity surface, sand body is close with the sand body inclination angle of underliing, the nearly continuity of seismic event is extended.
3. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 1 is with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, it is characterized in that, described step (2) comprising: along unconformity surface, extract stratal configuration and sand thickness are changed to the responsive amplitude statistics class of reflection, spectrum statistics class, sequence statistics class, phase place class, complex seismic trace statistics class seismic properties, each generic attribute of Statistical Comparison is layer onlap and the reflection precision of degrading line over the ground, and therefrom the instantaneous phase seismic properties in selected phase generic attribute is identified the super wire stripping in stratum.
4. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 1, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, is characterized in that, in described step (4), in stratigraphic overlap situation, when stratum, injustice is overtime, and error distance formula is
;
When stratum flat overtime,
, error distance formula is
.
5. the recognition methods with subtle trap border according to the super stripping of the complicated basin edge described in claim 1 or 4 any one, is characterized in that, in described step (4), degrade in situation on stratum, if seismic event represents sand body end face, it is identical with the error distance formula of stratigraphic overlap situation that situation is degraded on stratum
;
If seismic event represents sand body bottom surface, the error distance formula that degrade in situation on stratum is identical with the flat overtime error distance formula in stratum,
,
.
6. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 1, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, is characterized in that, in described step (4), stratum average velocity v is by the interval transit time of real drilling well, according to formula
calculating is asked for.
7. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 1, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, is characterized in that, in described step (4), seismic data is carried out to spectrum analysis and try to achieve seismic frequency f.
8. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 1, with the recognition methods on subtle trap border, is characterized in that, in described step (4), in the abundant region of drilling data, according to adjacent two wells, asks for super stripping stratigraphic dip;
Ask for the angle of super stripping stratigraphic dip, super stripping stratum and unconformity surface utilizing three-dimensional dip body estimating techniques without drilling data region;
For what cause due to scarce big gun, without seismic data, the poor region of seismic data quality, by being taken advantage of a situation, extend lineups the angle that estimation is asked for super stripping stratigraphic dip, surpassed stripping stratum and unconformity surface.
9. a complicated basin edge surpasses stripping with the recognition system on subtle trap border, it is characterized in that, comprise data acquisition facility, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device, geologic model is set up device, the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping in stratum, error distance analysis of Influential Factors device, error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment and subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit, described data acquisition facility, unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device, geologic model sets up device and the stratum preliminary recognition device of super wire stripping to be connected successively, described error distance analysis of Influential Factors device is connected with apparatus for establishing with geologic model design respectively with analytical equipment with error distance Mathematical Models, the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping of described subtle trap Boundary Recognition and output unit and stratum, error distance Mathematical Models is connected with analytical equipment while data transmission.
10. the super stripping of complicated basin edge according to claim 9 is with the recognition system on subtle trap border, it is characterized in that, described unconformity surface structure characteristic analysis device comprises pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device and the unconformity surface characteristics of seismic analytical equipment being connected, and between described pattern of stratigraphic cyclicity construction device and described data acquisition facility, data transmission is connected;
Described geologic model is set up and between the preliminary recognition device of the super wire stripping of device and stratum, is also provided with that seismic properties is extracted, analytical equipment;
Described error distance Mathematical Models and analytical equipment comprise the angle analytical equipment of stratum average velocity analytical equipment, seismic data arrangements for analyzing frequency, super stripping stratigraphic dip analytical equipment and super stripping stratum and unconformity surface.
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