CN108734779A - A kind of palaeogeomorphology - Google Patents
A kind of palaeogeomorphology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of palaeogeomorphologies comprising：Breccia is divided into karst rubble breccia, karst collapse breccia and karst accumulation breccia by S1 according to origin cause of formation difference, and the karst breccia of the full well section of destination layer is identified by establishing karst breccia recognition mode；The cave in position of breccia of the karst accumulation breccia and karst of full well section is marked in S2, and the extreme lower position marked in every mouthful of drilling well labeled as minimum phreatic surface position and is determined the minimum phreatic surface of full well section；It marks the plane of unconformity position of every mouthful of drilling well and determines full well section plane of unconformity；The composition Palaeokarst Landform drilling well of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section, full well section plane of unconformity and drilling well pillar is analyzed section by S3, and Palaeokarst Landform drilling well analysis section is evened up in face on the basis of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section, draws out karst paleotopography section；S4 marks the relative elevation value of every mouthful of drilling well on karst paleotopography section, according to this for according to drawing isoline, at figure, which is paleogeomorphological map.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petroleum exploration and development technical field more particularly to a kind of palaeogeomorphologies.
Background technology
Karst-type reservoir is most important one kind in carbonate reservoir, and reservoir development is all significantly by palaeogeomorphic
Control.So research karst reservoir paleogeographic reconstruction is essential.Paleogeographic reconstruction is exactly some interface for studying a certain period
This interface surface bumps state represented by first-class depth line.With being constantly progressive for technology, Palaeokarst Landform recovery technology
There is significant progress, research method is also more and more various, these methods are all based on residual thickness method and impression method, and this is two big
Class basic skills.
So-called residual thick method refers to by weighing the remaining formation thickness feature got off in the long-term geology period of history, coming
Restore the most direct method of Palaeokarst Landform, it is assumed that on condition that formation thickness is more uniform, do not undergo violent construction after deposition
Variation, therefore the basal surface on this set stratum is found, it is the key that measurement remnant thickness.Stamp rule is a kind of backstepping measurement side
Method, since weathering crust is a rugged relief, with the continuous deposition of superstratum, gradually by the level of fluctuating
" filling up ".Remaining weathering thickness of the shell can be speculated in turn by measuring the thickness of weathering crust top to overlying reference lamina.Before assuming that
Carry is not live through construction variation before being filled up after exposure there are face of filling up.It is to restore that face is filled up in searching
Key.
As it can be seen that residual thickness method and the key of impression method paleogeographic reconstruction are all to determine the reference plane of thickness estimation, that is, need
Sequence interface whens finding the subhorizontal grade on a region, however the two reference planes have limitation, residual thickness
More reflection is to deposit the phase before karst for the reference plane of method, and the deposit cover after being karst that the reference plane for filling up method then reflects
Layer, neither can accurately reflect situation when karst.Simultaneously because both methods application premise also has certain limitation,
So even will appear the result that karst depression and karst highland etc. are completely contradicted in both distinct methods of areal.Cause
When this portrays ancient landform using both methods, it is just very necessary to need to introduce other research means auxiliary.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, when occurring due to karstification, especially in the karst senescence phase, phreatic surface gradually tends to water
It is flat, it can reflect the reference plane of karst.And unique breccia development is had near phreatic surface, therefore can be according to karst angle
Conglomerate is come the recovery Palaeokarst Landform that judges Palaeokarst Landform, and can quantify.
And then, the present invention proposes a kind of palaeogeomorphology, includes the following steps：
Breccia is divided into karst rubble breccia, karst collapse breccia and karst accumulation angle by S1 according to origin cause of formation difference
Conglomerate, karst rubble breccia, the karst collapse for identifying the full well section of destination layer by establishing karst breccia recognition mode
Breccia and karst accumulation breccia；
The cave in position of breccia of the karst accumulation breccia and karst of the full well section is marked in S2, and every mouthful is bored
The extreme lower position marked in well is labeled as minimum phreatic surface position and determines the minimum phreatic surface of full well section；Mark every mouthful of brill
Simultaneously determine full well section plane of unconformity in the plane of unconformity position of well；
S3 cuts open the composition Palaeokarst Landform drilling well analysis of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section, full well section plane of unconformity and drilling well pillar
Face, Palaeokarst Landform drilling well analysis section is evened up in face on the basis of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section, is drawn out karst paleotopography and is cutd open
Face；
S4 marks the relative elevation value of every mouthful of drilling well on karst paleotopography section, according to this for according to drawing isoline at
Figure, then the isopleth map is karst period paleotopographic map, as paleogeomorphological map.
Further, the step S1 includes：
S11 is divided into karst rubble breccia according to the different origin causes of formation, karst breccia, karst caves in breccia and karst
Accumulate breccia；
S12 according to karst rubble breccia, karst cave in breccia and karst accumulation breccia identification feature from core
On identify that karst rubble breccia, karst cave in breccia and karst accumulation breccia；
S13 is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
To with the response characteristic that on the log of core same position, obtains corresponding coring section log；
S14 establishes karst breccia recognition mode according to the response characteristic of the three classes breccia obtained, according to the karst angle
Conglomerate recognition mode realizes the breccia identification of the full well section of destination layer.
Further, the step S11 includes：
The karst breccia formed by the fragmentation in karst period is divided into karst rubble breccia by S111；
S112 will be divided into karst by the karst breccia for caving in and being formed of cave rock in Karst process and cave in dust
Rock；
The karst breccia formed by the underground underground river in karst period or Cave sediments is divided into karst heap by S113
Product breccia.
In one embodiment, in step s 12, according to dust ingredient, dust angular shape, the sliceable property of dust,
Cementation type and shale content between dust identify that karst rubble breccia, karst cave in breccia and karst from rock core
Accumulate breccia.
In one embodiment, in step s 13, the Logging Curves include GR curves, deep lateral resistivity song
Line and shallow lateral resistivity curve.
Further, in step s 2, each drilling well of full well section is arranged in actual range ratio, connects each well most
Low phreatic surface forms a hatching, the as complete minimum phreatic surface of well section；Each drilling well of full well section is arranged in actual range ratio
Row, the plane of unconformity for connecting every mouthful of drilling well form a hatching, as full well section plane of unconformity.
In one embodiment, in step s 2, the identification feature of the plane of unconformity recorded in drilling data, label
Go out the plane of unconformity position of every mouthful of drilling well.
Further, in step s3, Palaeokarst Landform drilling well analysis section is evened up in face on the basis of minimum phreatic surface
During, the plane of unconformity on Palaeokarst Landform analysis section has the height variation of response.
Further, in step s 4, the relative elevation of drilling well present position refers to the minimum phreatic surface of every mouthful of drilling well and corresponds to deeply
Degree corresponds to the height difference of depth with drilling well plane of unconformity.
Further, if be entirely zero there are plane of unconformity and minimum phreatic surface difference in well section, which is in
Sedimentary model position.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：The present invention utilizes karst product -- and breccia portrays Palaeokarst Landform, finds karst storage
, there is certain help at the development position of layer, and especially for senescence phase karst, carrying out paleogeographic reconstruction has prodigious promotion to make
With.The present invention can be used as it is existing portray palaeogeomorphic householder method, especially suitable for be in the karst senescence phase area.
Technology proposed by the present invention is preferably applied in the Karst-types reservoirs such as Lower Paleozoic of Ordos Basin.
It can rapidly identify ancient phreatic surface, accurately portray Palaeokarst Landform, restore paleotopography, Favorable Reservoir development is found in help
Area.In Ordos Basin, big ox and Fu County block in obtained preferable application.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and refering to the accompanying drawings.In figure：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of palaeogeomorphology of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the karst breccia recognition methods of palaeogeomorphology of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the phreatic surface identification figure of palaeogeomorphology of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the karst paleotopography sectional view of palaeogeomorphology of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, identical component uses identical reference numeral.Attached drawing is not according to actual scaling.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to Fig. 1, it is the flow chart of karst breccia recognition methods of the present invention.As shown, the present invention mainly wraps
Include the type that S1 identifies the full well section breccia of destination layer；S2 determines the minimum phreatic surface of full well section and full well section plane of unconformity；S3
It determines ancient landform drilling well analysis section and draws out karst paleotopography section；S4 determines relative elevation value and draws out paleogeomorphological map
This four big step.
As shown in Fig. 2, breccia is divided into karst rubble breccia, karst collapse dust by step S1 according to origin cause of formation difference
Rock and karst accumulation breccia, and identify that the karst of the full well section of destination layer is broken by establishing karst breccia recognition mode
Breccia, karst collapse breccia and karst accumulation breccia.The concrete methods of realizing of this step is：
S11 carries out lithology breakdown from karst breccia origin cause of formation angle：This step first divides the karst breccia origin cause of formation
Karst breccia is divided into karst rubble breccia by analysis further according to the different origin causes of formation, karst caves in breccia and karst accumulation angle
Conglomerate, the specific steps are：
For S111 according to researching and analysing, karst rubble breccia is formed in the fragmentation in karst period, often only occur compared with
Small displacement；And then the karst breccia formed by the fragmentation in karst period is divided into karst rubble breccia；
For S112 according to researching and analysing, the karst breccia that caves in is formed in caving in for cave rock in Karst process；And then will
Karst is divided by the karst breccia for caving in and being formed of cave rock in Karst process to cave in breccia
S113 karst accumulation breccias be formed in karst period underground underground river or Cave sediments, forming process it is similar
In clastic deposited sediments, short-range carrying often experienced；And then it will be by the underground underground river in karst period or Cave sediments
The karst breccia of formation is divided into karst accumulation breccia.
In conclusion according to the analysis to the karst breccia origin cause of formation, the classification to lithology can be completed.
In addition, accumulating breccia, rubble breccia and caving in breccia in the longitudinal direction, a complete solution cavity can be formed
Sequence.In the syntagmatic of this three rocks, often lower part is accumulation breccia, and centre is the breccia that caves in, and top is broken
The combination of broken breccia.This rule can play booster action to lithology breakdown.
S12 according to karst rubble breccia, karst cave in breccia and karst accumulation breccia identification feature from core
On identify that karst rubble breccia, karst cave in breccia and karst accumulation breccia.Wherein, core is to utilize coring work
Tool, the rock sample drilled through out into well.Step S12 needs to carry out lithology point to whole rock samples of the full well section of destination layer
Analysis is kept a record with distinguishing the three classes breccia on rock sample.
For identifying that the identification feature of karst breccia type is specially from core：
Karst rubble breccia has feature identified below：Dust uniform component, corner angle are clearly demarcated, have sliceable well
Property, be mostly chemical bond between dust, be substantially free of external source shale clast (external source shale clast content accounting is less than 10%).
Karst caves in breccia with feature identified below：Dust ingredient is relatively uniform, is in angular, can not spell in a jumble
It connects, is mostly chemical bond between dust, clast shale component content is relatively fewer, and (external source shale clast content accounting is in 10%-
Between 25%).
Karst accumulation breccia has feature identified below：Dust has certain rounding, but sorts general poor, Ke Yijian
To the dust of a variety of different minerals ingredients, and often containing a large amount of clast shale contents, (external source shale clast content accounting is big
In 25%), it might even be possible to show certain positive grain sequence.
Breccia type can be identified from core according to feature identified above, wherein the number of shale content is to sentence
The important evidence of angle of rupture conglomerate type.
S13 is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
To on the Logging Curves of its rock core same position, and the response characteristic of corresponding coring section Logging Curves is summarized.
This step needs to analyze karst rubble breccia successively, karst caves in breccia and karst accumulation breccia take
The response characteristic of core section Logging Curves, Logging Curves are data with existing, Logging Curves can choose GR curves,
Deep and shallow resistivity (LLD, LLS) curve and spontaneous potential curve etc..Due to GR curves and deep and shallow resistivity (LLD, LLS) curve pair
The response characteristic of three classes breccia in the present invention becomes apparent, and then in the present invention, chooses GR curves and depth resistance
Rate (LLD, LLS) curve carries out response characteristic analysis, then the specific implementation process of this step is：
(1) it is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
To on the GR curves of core same position (i.e. coring depth), and the response characteristic of the GR curves of corresponding coring section is analyzed.
Specially：
A1 is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
Onto the GR curves with core same position；
A2 carries out qualitative analysis to the GR curves of corresponding coring section, summarizes the tracing pattern of the GR curves of corresponding coring section,
The tracing pattern is the qualitative features of the GR curves of corresponding coring section；
A3 carries out quantitative analysis to the GR curves of corresponding coring section, by the GR values of corresponding coring section and enclosing in corresponding region
Rock GR mean values are compared, and count the range of the GR values of corresponding coring section, the GR value ranges of corresponding coring section are corresponding coring
The quantitative characteristic of the GR curves of section.
In the present invention, by corresponding to the statistics of the range of the GR values of coring section to karst rubble breccia, karst is obtained
The GR values of rubble breccia are substantially respectively less than country rock GR mean values；By the GR values for corresponding to karst collapse breccia coring section
The statistics of range obtains the GR values of karst collapse breccia substantially between a1 and a2 (a1 be constant with a2)；By right
Karst accumulation breccia corresponds to the statistics of the range of the GR values of coring section, and the GR values for obtaining karst accumulation breccia are substantially big
In a2.
Wherein, country rock GR mean values < a1 < a2.Wherein, in different zones, country rock GR mean values are different, and constant a1 values are different,
Constant a2 values are also different.
(2) it is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
To on the deep lateral resistivity curve of core same position (i.e. coring depth), and the deep lateral electricity of corresponding coring section is analyzed
The response characteristic of resistance rate curve.Specially：
B1 is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
Onto the deep lateral resistivity curve with core same position；
B2 carries out qualitative analysis to the deep lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section, summarizes the deep lateral electricity of corresponding coring section
The tracing pattern of resistance rate curve obtains the qualitative features of the deep lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section；
B3 carries out quantitative analysis to the deep lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section, by the lateral resistance of depth of corresponding coring section
Rate value is compared with the shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) mean value in corresponding region, counts the model of the deep lateral resistivity value of corresponding coring section
It encloses, the range of the deep lateral resistivity value of corresponding coring section is the quantitative spy of the deep lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section
Sign.
In the present invention, by corresponding to the system of the range of the deep lateral resistivity value of coring section to karst rubble breccia
Meter, obtains the deep lateral resistivity value of karst rubble breccia substantially between country rock GR mean values and c1 (c1 is constant)；
By corresponding to the statistics of the range of the deep lateral resistivity value of coring section to karst collapse breccia, karst collapse breccia is obtained
Deep lateral resistivity value substantially between c1 and c2 (c2 is constant)；By corresponding to coring section to karst accumulation breccia
Deep lateral resistivity value range statistics, the deep lateral resistivity value for obtaining karst accumulation breccia is substantially respectively less than
c2。
Wherein, c2 < c1 < shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) mean values.In different zones, shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) mean value is different, and constant c1 values are not
Together, constant c2 values are also different.
(3) it is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
Onto the al-lateral resistivity curve with core same position, and analyze the sound of the al-lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section
Answer feature.Specially：
C1 is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, is corresponded to respectively
To with core same position deep lateral resistivity curve and shallow lateral resistivity curve on；
C2 carries out qualitative analysis to the deep lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section and shallow lateral resistivity curve, summarizes
The tracing pattern difference of the deep lateral resistivity curve and shallow lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section, obtains corresponding coring section
The qualitative features of al-lateral resistivity curve；
C3 carries out quantitative analysis, statistics to the deep lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section and shallow lateral resistivity curve
The ratio range of the deep lateral resistivity and shallow lateral resistivity of corresponding coring section, the deep lateral resistivity of corresponding coring section and shallow
The ratio range of lateral resistivity is the quantitative characteristic of the al-lateral resistivity curve of corresponding coring section.
In the present invention, pass through the deep lateral resistivity that coring section is corresponded to karst rubble breccia and shallow lateral resistivity
Ratio range statistics, the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity and shallow lateral resistivity that obtain karst rubble breccia is substantially equal
More than s2 (s2 is constant)；Pass through the deep lateral resistivity that coring section is corresponded to karst collapse breccia and shallow lateral resistivity
The ratio of the statistics of ratio range, the deep lateral resistivity and shallow lateral resistivity that obtain karst collapse breccia substantially exists
Between s1 and 1 (s1 is constant)；Pass through the deep lateral resistivity that coring section is corresponded to karst accumulation breccia and shallow lateral resistance
The statistics of the ratio range of rate, the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity and shallow lateral resistivity that obtain karst accumulation breccia is substantially
Between s1 and s2 (s2 is constant).
Wherein, s2 < s1 < 1.Wherein, in different zones, constant s1 values are different, and constant s2 values are also different.
Finally, it is found by statistical analysis, if setting country rock GR mean values as A (API), shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) mean value is C (Ω
M), then karst rubble breccia, karst collapse breccia and karst accumulation breccia have following characteristics：
Karst rubble breccia has following characteristics：GR values are approximately less than A (API), and curve is more straight；Rubble breccia gravel
Between be mostly calcite chemical bond, deep lateral resistivity value is close with C (Ω m), curve is straight slightly fluctuating, bilaterally resistance
Rate curve positive variance, deep lateral resistivity and the ratio of shallow lateral resistivity are more than s2；
Karst caves in breccia with following characteristics：For GR values at a1-a2 (API), GR curves present low high bell, leakage
It is bucket-shaped；It is calcite chemical bond that the charges between the gravel of breccia that cave in show as top more, and lower part is the feature of shale filling；
Deep lateral resistivity value is at c1-c2 (Ω m), and the ratio of deep lateral resistivity and shallow lateral resistivity is between 1-s1；
Karst accumulation breccia has following characteristics：GR values are more than a2 (API), and GR curves present low bell, the case of relative superiority or inferiority
The various forms such as shape；Deep lateral resistivity value is less than c2 (Ω m), the ratio of deep lateral resistivity and shallow lateral resistivity between
Between s1 and s2.
Wherein, country rock mean value can be obtained by pure limestone in rock core in contrast district or pure dolomite；Wherein, same mother
The karst breccia in rock source, a1 and a2, c1 and c2, s1 and s2 values degree of closeness mainly by the more of three classes lithology shale content
The influence of number and its chemical composition less and containing cement.
S14 establishes karst breccia recognition mode, according to the karst breccia according to the three classes breccia response characteristic obtained
Rock recognition mode finally realizes the breccia identification of the full well section of destination layer.
The breccia recognition mode that this step is established, as shown in Table 1 and Table 2：
Table 1
Table 2
Finally, according to breccia recognition mode shown in Tables 1 and 2, by GR curves and the sound of deep and shallow resistivity curve
It answers feature to be compared with the homologous thread response characteristic in the breccia recognition mode, the full well section of destination layer may be implemented
Breccia identifies.
The step S1 of the present invention is described further below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1：
The recognition methods of the step S1 karst breccias provided is applied to Fu County block and carries out Lower Paleozoic strata Ordovician system rock
Karst breccia especially accumulates breccia identification, has extraordinary application effect.
The GR mean values A of country rock is 60API, a1 70API, a2 100API in the block areas of Fu County, and shoulder-bed resistivity (SBR) is equal
It is 150 Ω .m, deep and shallow resistivity ratio s1=1.1, s2=1.4 that value C, which is 400 Ω .m, c2 for 665 Ω .m, c1,.
7 well 2959.5m-2963.0m of rich Gu, wherein GR values are very low, in 9.7~18.3API, mean value 26.4API, curve
It is straight, it is less than mean value A.Resistivity is relatively low, and between 559~3499 Ω .m, substantially arcuate, deep and shallow resistivity has centainly
Difference, shallow lateral resistivity LLS mean values be 802.8 Ω .m, deep lateral resistivity LLD mean values be 1170.1 Ω .m, be all higher than C
Value, LLD/LLS mean values are 1.61 higher than s2.For typical rubble breccia.
3 2835.0~2838.0m of well of nouveaux riches is the breccia that caves at top, and GR values are bell-like, and 35.4~
142.5API, mean value 72API are more than a1 values, but are less than a2, and top numerical value is close with matrix value, and resistivity value is whole more
Gently, LLS values are in 81.5~408.5 Ω .m, and mean value is 169.2 Ω .m, LLD values in 78.6~410.3 Ω .m, and mean value is
174.3 Ω .m are less than c1 values, are higher than c2 values, for deep and shallow resistivity substantially without amplitude difference, LLD/LLS mean values are 1.04, small more than 1
In s1, for the breccia that caves in；2838.0~2839.0m is then the accumulation breccia of bottom, and log GR shows as funnel type,
58~142.0API, mean value 109API are more than a2, resistivity value is whole show as it is bell, LLS values in 84.8~249.3 Ω .m,
Mean value is 124.9 Ω .m, LLD values in 91.4~292.2 Ω .m, and mean value is 138.2 Ω .m, respectively less than c2 values, deep and shallow resistivity
Substantially without amplitude difference, LLD/LLS mean values are 1.10, identical as s1, to accumulate breccia.2835.0~2839.5m well sections are presented
It is the breccia that caves in for top, lower part is accumulation breccia combination.
1 well 3122.5~3128.5m, GR tracing pattern of rich Gu shows the stacked of double funnels, and epimere is longer by 3122.5~
3127.5m forms are slow, and hypomere is shorter, and 3127.5~3128.5, form funnel-form, GR numerical value is higher on the whole, and range is 61.4
Between~145.8API, mean value 106.6 is more than a2, and in contrast, numerical value is relatively low for al-lateral resistivity, and LLS ranges are 6.1
~3363.5 Ω .m, mean value 95.6 Ω .m, LLD are less than c2 values, LLD/LLS in 3.9~2948.7 Ω .m, 91.5 Ω .m of mean value
Mean value is 1.19, is more than s1 and is less than s2.For the accumulation breccia of multilayer.
The cave in position of breccia of the karst accumulation breccia and karst of the full well section is marked in step S2, will be every
The extreme lower position marked in mouth drilling well is labeled as minimum phreatic surface position and determines the minimum phreatic surface of full well section；Label is every
Simultaneously determine full well section plane of unconformity in the plane of unconformity position of mouth drilling well；
Step S2 is realized firstly the need of the minimum phreatic surface position of every mouthful of drilling well of determination and does not flatten face.
Determine the minimum phreatic surface position of every mouthful of drilling well：Accumulation breccia and the breccia that caves in are corresponding to underground underground river position
It sets, the development position on underground river is ancient phreatic surface position.Due to the variation of karst stage construction and hydrologic condition, there may be more phases time
Underground river development, therefore every mouthful of drilling well may also be with the presence of cave in breccia and the accumulation breccia more covered.As shown in figure 3, its
Depict the distribution situation of the karst accumulation breccia and karst collapse dust of six mouthfuls of drilling wells of X1~X6, wherein in every mouthful of drilling well
The position of shown treble breccia is highest phreatic surface position, the breccia of shown bottommost in every mouthful of drilling well
Position be minimum phreatic surface position.
Determine the plane of unconformity of every mouthful of drilling well：According to drilling data it is found that lithology above and below plane of unconformity, electrically and the earth
There is prodigious difference on chemical feature, in the higher area of karst degree, it is also possible to which there are ancient weathering shells.It is provided according to drilling well
Expect that the feature of the plane of unconformity of description finally marks the plane of unconformity of every mouthful of drilling well, as shown in figure 3, it has marked X1~X6
The plane of unconformity position of six mouthfuls of drilling wells.
Finally, each drilling well of full well section is arranged in actual range ratio, connects the minimum phreatic surface composition one of each well
Hatching, the as complete minimum phreatic surface of well section；Each drilling well of full well section is arranged in actual range ratio, connects every mouthful of drilling well
Plane of unconformity form a hatching, as full well section plane of unconformity.
The minimum phreatic surface of full well section, full well section plane of unconformity and drilling well pillar are first formed Palaeokarst Landform drilling well by step S3
Section is analyzed, which can generally realize in general geology software.Then, the face Jiang Yan on the basis of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section
Molten ancient landform drilling well analysis section is evened up, and karst paleotopography section is drawn out；During evening up, the full well section on section is not whole
Conjunction face has the height variation of response.
As shown in figure 4, for the karst paleotopography sectional view drawn out, from the figure it may be seen that the minimum phreatic surface of full well section
It is flattened and is in line, full well section plane of unconformity then shows the form that height rises and falls, and the height fluctuating of plane of unconformity just reflects
Ancient landform rises and falls.
Step S4 marks the relative elevation value of every mouthful of drilling well on karst paleotopography section, according to this for according to drawing isoline
Cheng Tu, the isopleth map are karst period paleotopographic map, as paleogeomorphological map.
As shown in figure 4, the relative elevation of drilling well present position, which refers to the minimum phreatic surface of every mouthful of drilling well, corresponds to depth and drilling well not
Integration face corresponds to the height difference of depth.Wherein, when being zero there are plane of unconformity and minimum phreatic surface difference in full well section, then the brill
Well is in Sedimentary model position.It analyzes paleotopographic variation tendency and calculates paleotopographic relative relief, that is, realize karst
The landforms on ancient stratum are portrayed.
Research background according to the present invention is it is found that karst reservoir is the major domain of carbonate exploration, the tower in China
River oil field, gas field of pacifying the border region belong to Karst-type reservoir.These reservoirs are all significantly controlled by ancient landform, and analysis karst reservoir is not from
Open paleogeographic reconstruction.And the region that karsts developing area is strong, it is frequently accompanied by the development of karst breccia.Breccia reflects different
Form environment and ancient landform unit.But forefathers are when portraying ancient landform, utilize residual thick method and impression method both basic skills more,
The deep geology connotation for not yet recognizing breccia, underuses phreatic surface and portrays Palaeokarst Landform to identify.
The present invention is very outstanding to palaeogeomorphic judgement, to it is palaeogeomorphic judgement had it is actual guidance at
Fruit with reference to specific embodiments with progress of the display present invention in terms of studying ancient landform.
Embodiment 2：
The areas sinopec FX Ordovician Karstified type reservoir is influenced by ancient landform.In the areas FX during paleogeographic reconstruction, point
Residual thick method and impression method are not applied, and two methods find that block northeast ancient landform feature is similar, and the west and south is but due to construction
Feature plays Dominated Factors and huge difference in thickness is presented：Impression method is considered karst high-order bit, and residual thick method show that karst is low
The conclusion at position.Both completely different conclusions are directly affected to palaeogeomorphic judgement.
Therefore we use technology of the present invention in research process, carry out phreatic surface identification to individual well first, then
Minimum phreatic surface is evened up, ancient landform is carried out and portrays, has finally shown that the west and south is karst high-order bit, and portrayed in northeast
It is more fine accurate, direct subsequent exploration and development process.
Although by reference to preferred embodiment, invention has been described, the case where not departing from the scope of the present invention
Under, various improvement can be carried out to it and can replace component therein with equivalent.Especially, as long as there is no structures to rush
Prominent, items technical characteristic mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.The invention is not limited in texts
Disclosed in specific embodiment, but include all technical solutions fallen within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of palaeogeomorphology, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Breccia is divided into karst rubble breccia, karst collapse breccia and karst accumulation dust by S1 according to origin cause of formation difference
Rock identifies the karst rubble breccia of full well section of destination layer, karst collapse angle by establishing karst breccia recognition mode
Conglomerate and karst accumulation breccia；
The cave in position of breccia of the karst accumulation breccia and karst of the full well section is marked in S2, will be in every mouthful of drilling well
The extreme lower position marked is labeled as minimum phreatic surface position and determines the minimum phreatic surface of full well section；Mark every mouthful of drilling well
Simultaneously determine full well section plane of unconformity in plane of unconformity position；
The composition Palaeokarst Landform drilling well of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section, full well section plane of unconformity and drilling well pillar is analyzed section by S3,
Palaeokarst Landform drilling well analysis section is evened up in face on the basis of the minimum phreatic surface of full well section, draws out karst paleotopography section；
S4 marks the relative elevation value of every mouthful of drilling well on karst paleotopography section, according to this for according to drawing isoline at figure, then
The isopleth map is karst period paleotopographic map, as paleogeomorphological map.
2. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S1 further comprises：
S11 is divided into karst rubble breccia according to the different origin causes of formation, karst breccia, karst caves in breccia and karst accumulation
Breccia；
S12 knows according to the cave in identification feature of breccia and karst accumulation breccia of karst rubble breccia, karst from core
Do not go out karst rubble breccia, karst caves in breccia and karst accumulation breccia；
S13 is caved in breccia and karst accumulation breccia using the karst rubble breccia, the karst that identify, correspond to respectively with
On the log of core same position, the response characteristic of corresponding coring section log is obtained；
S14 establishes karst breccia recognition mode according to the response characteristic of the three classes breccia obtained, according to the karst breccia
Recognition mode realizes the breccia identification of the full well section of destination layer.
3. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step S11 further comprises：
The karst breccia formed by the fragmentation in karst period is divided into karst rubble breccia by S111；
S112 will be divided into karst by the karst breccia for caving in and being formed of cave rock in Karst process and cave in breccia；
The karst breccia formed by the underground underground river in karst period or Cave sediments is divided into karst accumulation angle by S113
Conglomerate.
4. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step s 12, according to dust ingredient,
Cementation type and shale content between dust angular shape, the sliceable property of dust, dust identify that karst is broken from rock core
Broken breccia, karst cave in breccia and karst accumulation breccia.
5. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step s 13, the conventional logging is bent
Line includes GR curves, deep lateral resistivity curve and shallow lateral resistivity curve.
6. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 2, by the full well section
Each drilling well is arranged in actual range ratio, and the minimum phreatic surface for connecting each well forms a hatching, and as full well section is minimum
Phreatic surface；Each drilling well of the full well section is arranged in actual range ratio, the plane of unconformity for connecting every mouthful of drilling well forms one
Hatching, as full well section plane of unconformity.
7. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in step s 2, according to drilling data institute
The identification feature of the plane of unconformity of record marks the plane of unconformity position of every mouthful of drilling well.
8. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s3, be with minimum phreatic surface
During reference plane evens up Palaeokarst Landform drilling well analysis section, the plane of unconformity on Palaeokarst Landform analysis section has
The height of response changes.
9. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 4, drilling well present position
Relative elevation refers to that the minimum phreatic surface of every mouthful of drilling well corresponds to depth and drilling well plane of unconformity corresponds to the height difference of depth.
10. palaeogeomorphology according to claim 9, which is characterized in that if there are planes of unconformity in full well section
When with minimum phreatic surface difference being zero, then the drilling well is in Sedimentary model position.
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