CN108734779B - Ancient landform restoration method - Google Patents
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- CN108734779B CN108734779B CN201710249019.3A CN201710249019A CN108734779B CN 108734779 B CN108734779 B CN 108734779B CN 201710249019 A CN201710249019 A CN 201710249019A CN 108734779 B CN108734779 B CN 108734779B
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ancient landform restoration method, which comprises the following steps: s1 dividing the glutenite into karst broken glutenite, karst collapsed glutenite and karst piled glutenite according to different causes, and identifying the karst glutenite of the whole well section of the target layer by establishing a karst glutenite identification mode; s2, marking the positions of karst piled glutenite and karst collapsed glutenite of the whole well section, marking the marked lowest position in each well as the lowest diving surface position and determining the lowest diving surface of the whole well section; marking the position of the unconformity surface of each well and determining the unconformity surface of the whole well section; s3, forming a karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by the lowest diving surface of the whole well section, the unconformity surface of the whole well section and the drilling column, flattening the karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by taking the lowest diving surface of the whole well section as a reference surface, and drawing a karst ancient landform section; s4, marking the relative height value of each well on the karst ancient terrain profile, and accordingly drawing an isoline map, wherein the value map is an ancient apparent map.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration and development, in particular to an ancient landform restoration method.
Background
The karst reservoir is the most important type of carbonate reservoir, and the reservoir development is obviously controlled by ancient landforms. Therefore, research on restoration of ancient landforms of karst reservoirs is indispensable. Ancient landform restoration is to study the concave-convex state of the surface of a certain interface, which is represented by a contour line on the surface of the interface in a certain period. With the continuous progress of the technology, the karst ancient landform restoration technology has a great deal of development, and research methods are more and more diverse, and the methods are based on two basic methods, namely a residual thickness method and an impression method.
The residual thickness method is the most direct method for recovering karst ancient landforms by measuring the thickness characteristics of the stratums remained in a long-term geological historical period, and the method is based on the assumption that the stratums are uniform in thickness and do not undergo severe structural change after deposition, so that the method for searching the basal plane of the stratums is the key for measuring the residual thickness. The impression method is a reverse-thrust measurement method, because the weathering crust is a rugged undulating surface, the undulating surface is gradually filled and filled up along with the continuous deposition of the overlying strata. The thickness of the residual weathering crust can be inferred by measuring the thickness of the weathering crust atop the overlying indicia layer. The assumption is that there is a level fill face, and no structural change is experienced after exposure and before level fill. The key to recovery is to find the filling and filling surface.
It can be seen that the key to recover the ancient landform by the residual thickness method and the impression method is to determine a reference surface for thickness estimation, that is, to find an approximately horizontal isochronous sequence interface on a region, however, both reference surfaces have limitations, the reference surface by the residual thickness method reflects more a pre-karst deposition period, and the reference surface by the fill-and-fill method reflects a post-karst deposition cap layer, both of which cannot accurately reflect the state of karst. Meanwhile, because the two methods have certain limitations on application premises, the two different methods can even have the diametrically opposite results of karst depression and karst elevation in the same region. Therefore, when the ancient landform is carved by the two methods, the introduction of other research means is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, when the karst effect occurs, particularly in the old period of the karst, the diving surface gradually tends to be horizontal and can reflect the reference surface of the karst. And the unique breccia can develop near the diving surface, so the karst ancient landform can be judged according to the karst breccia, and the karst ancient landform can be quantitatively recovered.
Furthermore, the invention provides an ancient landform restoration method, which comprises the following steps:
s1 dividing the glutenite into karst broken glutenite, karst collapsed glutenite and karst piled glutenite according to different causes, and identifying the karst broken glutenite, the karst collapsed glutenite and the karst piled glutenite of the whole well section of the target layer by establishing a karst glutenite identification mode;
s2, marking the positions of karst piled glutenite and karst collapsed glutenite of the whole well section, marking the marked lowest position in each well as the lowest diving surface position and determining the lowest diving surface of the whole well section; marking the position of the unconformity surface of each well and determining the unconformity surface of the whole well section;
s3, forming a karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by the lowest diving surface of the whole well section, the unconformity surface of the whole well section and the drilling column, flattening the karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by taking the lowest diving surface of the whole well section as a reference surface, and drawing a karst ancient landform section;
s4, labeling the relative height value of each well on the karst paleotopographic profile, and drawing an isoline map according to the relative height value, wherein the isoline map is a karst paleotopographic map, namely an paleotopographic map.
Further, the step S1 includes:
s11 dividing the karst breccid rock into karst crushed breccid rock, karst collapsed breccid rock and karst piled breccid rock according to different causes;
s12 identifying karst broken breccites, karst collapsed breccites, and karst stacked breccids from the core according to the identifying characteristics of the karst broken breccids, the karst collapsed breccids, and the karst stacked breccids;
s13, utilizing the identified karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to respectively correspond to the logging curves at the same positions as the cores, and obtaining the response characteristics of the logging curves of the corresponding coring sections;
s14, establishing a karst breccite identification mode according to the obtained response characteristics of the three types of breccites, and realizing the breccite identification of the whole well section of the target layer according to the karst breccite identification mode.
Further, the step S11 includes:
s111 dividing the karst breccid rock formed by the breaking action at the karst period into karst broken breccid rocks;
s112, dividing karst breccid rocks formed by cave collapse of cave rocks in the karst process into karst cave breccid rocks;
s113 divides the karst brecci formed by the underground river or the cave deposit in the karst period into karst piled brecci.
In one embodiment, in step S12, karst fractured and collapsed cobbles and karst piled cobbles are identified from the core based on the composition of the cobbles, the shape of the cobbles corners, the spliceability of the cobbles, the type of cementation between the cobbles, and the muddiness content.
In one embodiment, in step S13, the conventional well log includes a GR curve, a deep lateral resistivity curve, and a shallow lateral resistivity curve.
Further, in step S2, arranging the wells of the whole well section according to the actual distance proportion, and connecting the lowest submergible surfaces of each well to form a section line, i.e. the lowest submergible surface of the whole well section; and arranging the wells of the whole well section according to the actual distance proportion, and connecting the unconformity surfaces of the wells to form a section line, namely the unconformity surface of the whole well section.
In one embodiment, in step S2, the unconformity location of each well is marked according to the identification features of the unconformity described in the well data.
Further, in step S3, in the process of leveling the karst paleotopographic borehole analysis section with the lowest diving surface as the reference surface, the unconformity surface on the karst paleotopographic analysis section may have a height change in response.
Further, in step S4, the relative elevation of the location of the drilled well refers to the difference between the depth corresponding to the lowest diving surface of each drilled well and the depth corresponding to the drilling unconformity surface.
Further, if the difference value between the unconformity surface and the lowest diving surface in the whole well section is zero, the well is in the ancient groove position.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method utilizes the karst product, namely the breccia to describe the karst ancient landform and search the development part of the karst reservoir, has certain help, and particularly has great promotion effect on the ancient landform recovery of the old karst. The method can be used as an auxiliary method for carving ancient landforms in the prior art, and is particularly suitable for karst old age areas.
The technology provided by the invention is well applied to karst reservoirs such as the underground ancient world of Ordos basin and the like. The ancient diving surface can be quickly identified, the karst ancient landform can be accurately depicted, the ancient landform can be restored, and the beneficial reservoir development area can be searched. In the deldos basin, big cattle and fuxian county plots have been used well.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the figure:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method for recovering ancient landforms of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a karst breccite identification method of the ancient landform restoration method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diving surface recognition diagram of the ancient landform restoration method of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a karst paleotopographic profile view of the paleotopographic restoration method of the present invention.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for identifying karst breccid rock according to the present invention. As shown, the method of the invention generally includes identifying a type of a full well section of a target formation at S1; s2, determining the lowest submergence surface of the whole well section and the unconformity surface of the whole well section; s3 determining an ancient landform drilling analysis section and drawing a karst ancient landform section; s4 determines relative elevation values and draws four steps which are ancient apparent.
As shown in fig. 2, step S1 divides the breccia into karst broken breccid, karst collapsed breccid, and karst piled breccid according to the cause, and identifies the karst broken breccid, the karst collapsed breccid, and the karst piled breccid of the whole-well section of the target zone by establishing the karst breccid identification mode. The specific implementation method of the step is as follows:
s11 lithology classification is carried out from the karst breccite cause angle: this step is at first to karst breccid cause assay, divide into karst broken breccid rock, karst collapse breccid rock and karst pile up breccid rock according to different causes again, and concrete step is:
s111, according to research and analysis, the karst broken breccite is broken in the karst period and usually only generates small displacement; further dividing the karst breccid rock formed by the breaking action at the karst stage into karst broken breccid rocks;
s112, according to research analysis, collapse of cave rocks formed by karst collapse breccite in the karst process; further dividing the karst breccid rock formed by cave collapse of the cavern rock in the karst process into karst collapsed breccid rocks
S113 karst piled glutenite is formed in underground rivers or cave sediments in the karst period, the forming process is similar to clastic rock deposition, and the karst piled glutenite is often carried in short distance; and further dividing the karst breccid rock formed by the underground river or cavern sediment at the karst stage into karst piled breccid rocks.
In summary, based on the analysis of the cause of the karst breccite, the classification of lithology can be accomplished.
In addition, the longitudinal direction of the piled, crushed and collapsed breccia may constitute a complete karst cave sequence. In the combination of these three types of rock, there is often a combination of piled glutenite on the lower portion, collapsed glutenite in the middle portion and crushed glutenite on the upper portion. This law can play the additional role to lithology classification.
S12 identifying the karst broken breccites, the karst collapsed breccids and the karst stacked breccids from the core based on the identifying characteristics of the karst broken breccids, the karst collapsed breccids and the karst stacked breccids. Wherein the core is a rock sample drilled into the well using a coring tool. Step S12 requires lithology analysis of all rock samples of the full interval of the target zone to distinguish and record three types of breccia on the rock samples.
The identification features for identifying the type of karst breccid from the core are specifically:
karst crushed breccite has the following identifying characteristics: the angle gravel has uniform components, clear edges and corners and good splicing property, and the angle gravel is mostly chemically cemented and basically does not contain exogenous argillaceous debris (the content of the exogenous argillaceous debris is less than 10%).
Karst collapsed breccite has the following identifying characteristics: the cobbles have relatively uniform components, are angular and can not be spliced disorderly, chemical cementation is mostly adopted among the cobbles, and the content of the detritus argillaceous components is relatively less (the content of exogenous argillaceous detritus accounts for 10-25%).
Karst conglomerates have the following identifying characteristics: the cobbles have certain rounding, but the sorting is generally poor, the cobbles with various mineral components can be seen, and the cobbles often contain a large amount of clastic argillaceous content (the foreign argillaceous clastic content accounts for more than 25 percent) and even can show a certain positive grain sequence.
The type of the breccia can be identified from the rock core according to the identification characteristics, wherein the amount of the argillaceous content is an important basis for judging the type of the breccia.
S13, utilizing the identified karst broken breccites, karst collapsed breccites and karst piled breccites to respectively correspond to the conventional well logging curves at the same positions of the cores, and summarizing the response characteristics of the conventional well logging curves of the corresponding core taking sections.
Response characteristics of conventional logging curves of core taking sections of karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite need to be analyzed in sequence, the conventional logging curves are existing data, and GR curves, depth resistivity (LLD, LLS) curves, natural potential curves and the like can be selected from the conventional logging curves. Since the response characteristics of the GR curve and the depth resistivity (LLD, LLS) curves to the three types of breccia rock in the invention are more obvious, and then in the invention, the GR curve and the depth resistivity (LLD, LLS) curves are selected for response characteristic analysis, the specific implementation process of the step is as follows:
(1) and respectively corresponding the identified karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to GR curves at the same position (namely core extraction depth) as the core, and analyzing the response characteristics of the GR curves of the corresponding core extraction sections. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a1 using the identified karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to respectively correspond to GR curves at the same positions as the cores;
a2, carrying out qualitative analysis on the GR curves of the corresponding coring segments, and summarizing the curve forms of the GR curves of the corresponding coring segments, wherein the curve forms are qualitative characteristics of the GR curves of the corresponding coring segments;
a3 carries out quantitative analysis on the GR curve of the corresponding coring segment, compares the GR value of the corresponding coring segment with the GR mean value of the surrounding rock in the corresponding region, and counts the range of the GR value of the corresponding coring segment, wherein the range of the GR value of the corresponding coring segment is the quantitative characteristic of the GR curve of the corresponding coring segment.
According to the method, the GR values of the karst broken breccite are basically smaller than the GR mean value of the surrounding rocks by counting the GR value range of the corresponding coring segment of the karst broken breccite; through statistics of the GR value ranges of corresponding coring sections of the karst collapse breccite, the GR values of the karst collapse breccite are basically between a1 and a2(a 1 and a2 are constants); and through statistics of the GR value ranges of corresponding coring sections of the karst piled glutenite, the GR values of the karst piled glutenite are basically greater than a 2.
Wherein the GR mean value of the surrounding rock is less than a1 and less than a 2. In different areas, the surrounding rock GR mean value is different, the constant a1 value is different, and the constant a2 value is also different.
(2) And respectively corresponding the identified karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to a deep lateral resistivity curve at the same position (namely the coring depth) as the core, and analyzing the response characteristic of the deep lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring section. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
b1 utilizing the identified karst crushed breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to respectively correspond to the deep lateral resistivity curves at the same positions as the cores;
b2, qualitatively analyzing the deep lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment, summarizing the curve form of the deep lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment, and obtaining the qualitative characteristics of the deep lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment;
b3, carrying out quantitative analysis on the deep lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment, comparing the deep lateral resistivity value of the corresponding coring segment with the surrounding rock resistivity mean value in the corresponding region, and counting the range of the deep lateral resistivity value of the corresponding coring segment, wherein the range of the deep lateral resistivity value of the corresponding coring segment is the quantitative characteristic of the deep lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment.
According to the invention, the deep lateral resistivity values of the karst crushed glutenite are basically between the GR mean value and c1 (c1 is a constant) by counting the range of the deep lateral resistivity values of the corresponding coring section of the karst crushed glutenite; obtaining the deep lateral resistivity values of the karst collapsed breccite which are basically between c1 and c2 (c2 is a constant) by counting the range of the deep lateral resistivity values of the corresponding coring segment of the karst collapsed breccite; by counting the range of deep lateral resistivity values of the corresponding cored section of the karst conglomerate, it is obtained that the deep lateral resistivity values of the karst conglomerate are all substantially less than c 2.
Wherein c2 < c1 < the average value of the resistivity of the surrounding rock. In different areas, the average value of the resistivity of the surrounding rock is different, the constant c1 value is different, and the constant c2 value is also different.
(3) And respectively corresponding the identified karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to the bilateral resistivity curves at the same position as the core, and analyzing the response characteristics of the bilateral resistivity curves of the corresponding core-taking sections. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
c1 using the identified karst crushed glutenite, karst collapsed glutenite and karst piled glutenite to correspond to the deep lateral resistivity curve and the shallow lateral resistivity curve at the same position as the core respectively;
c2 qualitatively analyzing the deep lateral resistivity curve and the shallow lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment, summarizing the curve form difference of the deep lateral resistivity curve and the shallow lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment, and obtaining the qualitative characteristics of the double lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring segment;
and C3, carrying out quantitative analysis on the deep lateral resistivity curve and the shallow lateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring section, and counting the ratio range of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the corresponding coring section, wherein the ratio range of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the corresponding coring section is the quantitative characteristic of the bilateral resistivity curve of the corresponding coring section.
In the invention, the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the karst crushed glutenite is basically greater than s2(s2 is a constant) by counting the ratio range of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the corresponding coring section of the karst crushed glutenite; obtaining the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the karst collapsed breccite basically between s1 and 1 (s1 is a constant) by counting the ratio range of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the corresponding coring section of the karst collapsed breccite; through statistics of the ratio range of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the corresponding coring segment of the karst conglomerate, the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity and the shallow lateral resistivity of the karst conglomerate is basically between s1 and s2(s2 is a constant).
Wherein s2 < s1 < 1. In different regions, the value of the constant s1 is different, and the value of the constant s2 is also different.
Finally, statistical analysis found that karst fractured and collapsed breccid rocks and karst piled breccid rocks have the following characteristics if the GR mean value of the surrounding rocks is set to a (api) and the resistivity mean value of the surrounding rocks is C (Ω · m):
karst crushed conglomerate has the following characteristics: the GR value is basically less than A (API), and the curve is relatively straight; most of crushed breccite gravel is chemically cemented by calcite, the deep lateral resistivity value is similar to C (omega · m), the curve is straight and slightly fluctuated, the curves of the bilateral resistivity are positively different, and the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity to the shallow lateral resistivity is greater than s 2;
karst collapsed breccite has the following characteristics: GR value is a1-a2(API), and the GR curve is in a bell shape and a funnel shape with lower height; the inter-gravel filling of the collapsed breccia is mostly characterized in that the upper part is chemically cemented by calcite, and the lower part is filled by argillaceous substances; the deep lateral resistivity value is c1-c2 (omega. m), and the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity to the shallow lateral resistivity is 1-s 1;
karst conglomerates have the following characteristics: the GR value is larger than a2(API), and the GR curve is in various forms such as a bell shape with high and low heights, a box shape and the like; the deep lateral resistivity value is less than c2 (omega m), and the ratio of the deep lateral resistivity to the shallow lateral resistivity is between s1 and s 2.
Wherein the average value of the surrounding rocks can be obtained by comparing pure limestone or pure dolomite in the core in the region; the closeness of the values of a1 and a2, c1 and c2, and s1 and s2 of the karst breccite from the same parent rock is mainly influenced by the contents of three types of lithologic argillaceous substances, the contents of the cementing substances and the chemical components of the cementing substances.
S14, establishing a karst breccite identification mode according to the obtained three types of breccite response characteristics, and finally realizing the breccite identification of the whole well section of the target layer according to the karst breccite identification mode.
The breccia recognition mode established in this step is shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
Finally, according to the breccia recognition mode shown in tables 1 and 2, the response characteristics of the GR curve and the depth resistivity curve are compared with the response characteristics of the corresponding curves in the breccia recognition mode, so that the breccia recognition of the whole well section of the target zone can be realized.
Step S1 of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1:
the karst breccite identification method provided by the step S1 is applied to the Fuxian district to identify the Ordovician karst breccites, particularly the piled breccites, in the ancient kingdom, and has a very good application effect.
The GR average value A of surrounding rocks in the Fuxian county block region is 60API, a1 is 70API, a2 is 100API, the surrounding rock resistivity average value C is 665 omega-m, C1 is 400 omega-m, C2 is 150 omega-m, the depth resistivity ratio s1 is 1.1, and s2 is 1.4.
The Fugu 7 well is 2959.5m-2963.0m, wherein the GR value is very low and is between 9.7 and 18.3API, the mean value is 26.4API, the curve is flat and is lower than the mean value A. The resistivity is relatively low and is approximately arched between 559-3499 omega.m, the shallow resistivity and the shallow resistivity have a certain difference, the LLS mean value of the shallow lateral resistivity is 802.8 omega.m, the LLD mean value of the deep lateral resistivity is 1170.1 omega.m, the LLD/LLS mean value is 1.61 higher than s 2. Typically crushed breccia.
The Xinfu 3 wells 2835.0-2838.0 m are collapse glutenite on the top, the GR value is bell-shaped, the average value is 72API and is larger than a1 value but smaller than a2, the top numerical value is close to the matrix value, the resistivity value is flat as a whole, the LLS value is 81.5-408.5 omega, m is 169.2 omega, m is 78.6-410.3 omega, m is 174.3 omega, m is lower than c1 value and higher than c2 value, the depth resistivity and the shallow resistivity have no amplitude difference basically, the LLD/LLS average value is 1.04 and is larger than 1 and smaller than s1, and the collapse glutenite is formed; 2838.0-2839.0 m is the bottom piled glutenite, the well logging curve GR shows a funnel shape, 58-142.0 API, the average value is 109API and is larger than a2, the resistivity value is bell-shaped, the LLS value is 84.8-249.3 omega.m, the average value is 124.9 omega.m, the LLD value is 91.4-292.2 omega.m, the average value is 138.2 omega.m, the LLD value is smaller than c2, the depth and shallow resistivity basically has no amplitude difference, the LLD/LLS average value is 1.10, and the well logging curve is the same as s1 and is the piled glutenite. The 2835.0-2839.5 m well section shows that the upper part is collapsed breccia and the lower part is a piled breccia combination.
The Fugu 1 well is 3122.5-3128.5 m, the GR curve form presents the superposition of double funnels, the upper section is longer, 3122.5-3127.5 m form is slow, the lower section is shorter, 3127.5-3128.5, the form is funnel-shaped, the GR value is higher on the whole, the GR value ranges from 61.4-145.8 API, the average value is 106.6 and is larger than a2, the bilateral resistivity is opposite to the GR value, the value is lower, the LLS range is 6.1-3363.5 omega.m, the average value is 95.6 omega.m, the LLD is 3.9-2948.7 omega.m, the average value is 91.5 omega.m, the value is lower than c2, the LLD/LLS average value is 1.19, and the value is larger than s1 and is smaller than s 2. Is a multilayer conglomerate pile.
Step S2, marking the positions of karst piled glutenite and karst collapsed glutenite of the whole well section, marking the marked lowest position in each well as the position of the lowest diving surface and determining the lowest diving surface of the whole well section; marking the position of the unconformity surface of each well and determining the unconformity surface of the whole well section;
implementing step S2 first requires determining the lowest submergible surface location and the uneven surface for each well.
Determining the lowest submergence surface position of each well: the piled breccia and the collapsed breccia correspond to the underground river, and the development position of the underground river is the position of the ancient diving surface. There may be multiple stages of river development due to variations in karst phase configurations and hydrologic conditions, and therefore there may be multiple sets of collapsed and stacked breccia per well. As shown in FIG. 3, there is depicted a distribution of karst piled and collapsed karst conglomerates for six wells from X1 to X6, where the highest displayed position of the breccid in each well is the highest diving surface position and the lowest displayed position of the breccid in each well is the lowest diving surface position.
Determining the unconformity of each well: according to well drilling data, the lithology, electrical property and geochemical characteristics of the upper and lower unconformity surfaces are greatly different, and ancient weathering crust layers can exist in areas with higher karst degree. The characteristics of the unconformities described by the well data finally mark the unconformities of each well, as shown in fig. 3, which marks the unconformities positions of six wells from X1 to X6.
Finally, arranging the wells of the whole well section according to the actual distance proportion, and connecting the lowest diving surface of each well to form a section line, namely the lowest diving surface of the whole well section; and arranging the wells of the whole well section according to the actual distance proportion, and connecting the unconformity surfaces of the wells to form a section line, namely the unconformity surface of the whole well section.
Step S3, the karst ancient landform drilling analysis section is formed by the lowest submergence surface of the whole well section, the unconformity surface of the whole well section and the drilling column, and the step can be generally realized by general geological software. Then, flattening the karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by taking the lowest diving surface of the whole well section as a reference surface, and drawing a karst ancient landform section; during the flattening process, the non-integration surface of the whole well section on the section has the response height change.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to draw a cross-sectional view of the paleotopographic karst, it can be seen from the figure that the lowest submergible surface of the whole well section is leveled into a straight line, the unconformity surface of the whole well section shows the form of the relief, and the relief of the unconformity surface reflects the relief of the paleotopographic features.
And step S4, labeling the relative elevation value of each well on the karst paleotopographic profile, and drawing an isoline map according to the relative elevation value, wherein the isoline map is a karst period paleotopographic map, namely an paleotopographic map.
As shown in FIG. 4, the relative elevation of the location of the wells refers to the difference in elevation between the depth corresponding to the lowest submergible surface of each well and the depth corresponding to the well unconformity surface. And when the difference value between the unconformity surface and the lowest diving surface in the whole well section is zero, the well is positioned in the ancient groove position. Analyzing the change trend of the ancient landform and calculating the relative altitude difference of the ancient landform, namely realizing the landform portrayal of the karst ancient stratum.
According to the research background of the invention, the karst reservoir is the main field of carbonate rock exploration, and belongs to the karst reservoir in the Tahe oil field and the Jing-edge gas field in China. The reservoirs are obviously controlled by the ancient landforms, and the karst reservoirs are analyzed to recover from the ancient landforms. Areas of intense karst development are often accompanied by development of karst pebbles. Breccia reflects different forming environments and ancient landform units. However, when the former people carve the ancient landform, two basic methods, namely a residual thickness method and an impression method, are mostly used, the deep geological meaning of the breccia is not realized, and the diving surface is not fully utilized to identify the carved karst ancient landform.
The ancient landform judging capability of the invention is excellent, the ancient landform judgment has actual guidance results, and the improvement of the invention in the aspect of researching the ancient landform is shown by combining the specific embodiment.
Example 2:
the Ordovician karst reservoir in the medium petrochemical FX region is influenced by ancient landforms. In the course of restoring ancient landforms in FX area, the residual thickness method and the impression method are respectively applied, the two methods find that the ancient landforms in northeast of the block are similar in characteristics, and the southwest of the block shows great thickness difference due to the main control factor of the structural characteristics: the impression method is considered as a high part of the karst, while the residual thickness method is used to draw the conclusion of a low part of the karst. These two distinct conclusions directly influence the judgment of the ancient landform.
Therefore, in the research process, the technology of the invention is adopted, firstly, the diving surface identification is carried out on a single well, then the lowest diving surface is leveled, and the ancient landform is carved, so that the high part of karst in the southwest is finally obtained, the carving in the northeast is more precise and accurate, and the subsequent exploration and development process is guided.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An ancient landform restoration method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 dividing the glutenite into karst broken glutenite, karst collapsed glutenite and karst piled glutenite according to different causes, and identifying the karst broken glutenite, the karst collapsed glutenite and the karst piled glutenite of the whole well section of the target layer by establishing a karst glutenite identification mode;
s2, marking the positions of karst piled glutenite and karst collapsed glutenite of the whole well section, marking the marked lowest position in each well as the lowest diving surface position and determining the lowest diving surface of the whole well section; marking the position of the unconformity surface of each well and determining the unconformity surface of the whole well section;
s3, forming a karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by the lowest diving surface of the whole well section, the unconformity surface of the whole well section and the drilling column, flattening the karst ancient landform drilling analysis section by taking the lowest diving surface of the whole well section as a reference surface, and drawing a karst ancient landform section;
s4, marking the relative height value of each well on the karst ancient terrain profile, and drawing an isoline map according to the relative height value, wherein the map is an ancient terrain map of the karst period, namely an ancient apparent map;
the step S1 further includes:
s11 dividing the karst breccid rock into karst crushed breccid rock, karst collapsed breccid rock and karst piled breccid rock according to different causes;
s12 identifying karst broken breccites, karst collapsed breccites, and karst stacked breccids from the core according to the identifying characteristics of the karst broken breccids, the karst collapsed breccids, and the karst stacked breccids;
s13, utilizing the identified karst broken breccite, karst collapsed breccite and karst piled breccite to respectively correspond to the logging curves at the same positions as the cores, and obtaining the response characteristics of the logging curves of the corresponding coring sections;
s14, establishing a karst breccite identification mode according to the obtained response characteristics of the three types of breccites, and realizing the breccite identification of the whole well section of the target layer according to the karst breccite identification mode;
identifying karst fractured and collapsed cobbles and karst piled cobbles from the core based on the composition of the cobbles, the shape of the cobbles corners, the spliceability of the cobbles, the type of cementation between the cobbles, and the mudcontent at step S12;
in step S13, the well log curves include a GR curve, a deep lateral resistivity curve, and a shallow lateral resistivity curve;
wherein the relative elevation refers to the difference between the corresponding depth of the lowest diving surface of each drilled well and the corresponding depth of the non-integrated surface of the drilled well.
2. The ancient landform restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the step S11 further comprises:
s111 dividing the karst breccid rock formed by the breaking action at the karst period into karst broken breccid rocks;
s112, dividing karst breccid rocks formed by cave collapse of cave rocks in the karst process into karst cave breccid rocks;
s113 divides the karst brecci formed by the underground river or the cave deposit in the karst period into karst piled brecci.
3. The ancient landform restoration method according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the wells of the whole well section are arranged in a real distance scale, and the lowest diving surface of each well is connected to form a section line, namely the lowest diving surface of the whole well section; and arranging the wells of the whole well section according to the actual distance proportion, and connecting the unconformity surfaces of the wells to form a section line, namely the unconformity surface of the whole well section.
4. The ancient landform restoration method according to claim 3, wherein in step S2, the unconformity position of each well is marked according to the identification characteristics of the unconformity described in the well data.
5. The method for recovering ancient geomorphic images according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the unconformity surface on the karst ancient geomorphic analysis section has a response level change during the leveling of the karst ancient geomorphic analysis section with the lowest diving surface as a reference surface.
6. The method of recovering ancient geomorphology of claim 1, wherein the well is in the ancient trench position if there is a zero difference between the unconformity and the lowest submergence surface in the entire interval.
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| CN110045431B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2022-03-04 | 成都理工大学 | Method for correcting marine sedimentary stratum ancient landform based on gamma data volume |
| CN110361781B (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2020-10-09 | 西南石油大学 | Sedimentary-phase ancient landform restoration method based on seismic reflection amplitude analysis |
| CN113495303B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2023-09-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for recovering denudation quantity |
| CN111427087B (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2023-03-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for determining carbonate reservoir position in ancient landform |
| CN112965142B (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-04-12 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for generating karst ancient political view |
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