CN103773590A - Method for extracting fish oil from internal organs of elopichthys bambusa by utilizing neutral protease - Google Patents
Method for extracting fish oil from internal organs of elopichthys bambusa by utilizing neutral protease Download PDFInfo
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- CN103773590A CN103773590A CN201410031149.6A CN201410031149A CN103773590A CN 103773590 A CN103773590 A CN 103773590A CN 201410031149 A CN201410031149 A CN 201410031149A CN 103773590 A CN103773590 A CN 103773590A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting fish oil from internal organs of elopichthys bambusa by utilizing neutral protease. The method comprises the following steps: 1, removing the gall bladder, swim bladder and digests in the intestinal tract in the internal organs of elopichthys bambusa, cleaning, draining and mincing into the homogenate; 2, mixing the homogenate and water according to a weight ratio of (1:1.0)-(1:3.0), uniformly stirring, adding hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide to regulate the pH value to be 6.5-7.0, adding the neutral protease which has 2.0-3.0 percent of the weight of the homogenate based on the weight of the homogenate, uniformly mixing, performing enzymatic hydrolysis in the temperature range of 40-55 DEG C for 2.0-3.0 hours, and forming enzymatic hydrolysate; and 3, filling the enzymatic hydrolysate in a container, and centrifuging under the condition of 4000-5000r/min for 10-20 minutes through a centrifugal machine, wherein the centrifuged enzymatic hydrolysate is divided into four layers which are sequentially a fish oil layer, a non-enzymolysis layer, an enzymatic hydrolysate layer and a residue layer from top to bottom, and the fish oil on the uppermost layer is the final fish oil. The method has the beneficial effects that the technology for extracting the fish oil from the internal organs of elopichthys bambusa is wide in technical parameter range, the difficulty of industrial production is low, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to animal grease extractive technique field, relate to a kind of method of utilizing neutral protease to extract fish oil from Bambusa fish viscera.
Background technology
Fish oil is rich in n-3 series polyunsaturated fatty acid, has very high nutritive value.Wherein timnodonic acid (EPA), docosahexenoic acid (DHA) are not only one of important component maintaining cell activities, and have prevention myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, reduction blood fat, atherosclerosis, coronary sclerosis, oxidation and removing free radicals, the anti-ageing different physiological roles of waiting for a long time.In recent years, along with the approval of people to fish oil nutritive value, the exploitation of fish oil product become study hotspot both domestic and external, and are widely used in the industries such as food, medicine, feed, chemical industry.
Bambusa fish, is subordinate to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Leuciscinae, and Bambusa belongs to.Bambusa kind of fish lives at rivers and lakes at the middle and upper levels, is typical predacious fish, widely distributed in China, and natural output is high, is one of carnivorous famous and precious fish of the large-scale ferociousness of the rare original inhabitants of China.Bambusa meat quality of fish deliciousness, protein and lipid content are high, and cholesterol is low, is listed in first-class edible fishes.In the edible or course of processing of Bambusa fish, can produce a large amount of internal organ wastes, after measured, in Bambusa fish viscera, lipid content reaches more than 40% (in fresh sample), is the good material of extraction fish oil.
At present, the fish oil extracting method of domestic research, mainly comprises milling process, cooking process, organic solvent method, light alkali hydrolysis method, enzymolysis process and supercritical fluid extraction etc.Milling process is because extraction yield is low, and raw material availability is low, seldom adopts; The extraction yield of cooking process is relatively low, and the temperature of extracting is generally higher, certainly will have influence on the quality of fish oil; The subject matter that organic solvent method exists is the residual of organic solvent, also should not adopt; Supercritical fluid extraction is a kind of new technique, and extraction effect is better, but cost of investment is high, general only uses when purifying EPA and DHA from fish oil in the later stage; Traditional light alkali hydrolysis method is used is sodium hydroxide solution and sodium chloride solution, but in extraction waste liquid, sodium salt content is higher, can not further utilize, and forms industrial refuse; But enzymolysis process extracts the processing condition gentleness of fish oil, and extraction efficiency is relatively high, and produce oil quality is high, is the better method that extracts fish oil from fishery products.The disclosed one of Chinese patent " enzymolysis process extracts the Technology of fish processing fent fish oil ", the method that adopts the two enzymes of neutral protease and papoid to be simultaneously hydrolyzed, its hydrolysising condition is meat water weight ratio 1:1.5～1:2.0, pH6.8～7.0,50～55 ℃ of temperature, hydrolysis time 2.5～3.0 hours, neutral protease 1400IU/g raw material, papoid 1100IU/g raw material, is warming up to 85～90 ℃ of enzymes 10 minutes of going out after hydrolysis.This technical scheme is more suitable for extracting in the fish such as tilapia, tuna grease, and Yong Yu Gan fish viscera extracts fish oil, and effect is unsatisfactory.And its process parameters range is narrower, 2 kinds of enzymes use relative difficulty and the cost that has increased suitability for industrialized production simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is providing a kind of method of utilizing neutral protease to extract fish oil from Bambusa fish viscera, has solved existing fresh-water fishes internal organ extraction fish oil technical matters parameter area narrower, and the difficulty of suitability for industrialized production is large, the problem that cost is high.
The present invention carries out according to following steps, step 1: the internal organ of Bambusa fish are removed to digest in gall-bladder, fish glue and enteron aisle wherein, clean and drain and rub into homogenate;
Step 2: homogenate is mixed by weight 1:1.0～1:3.0 with water, stir, add hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide to regulate pH value to 6.5～7.0, with homogenate weighing scale, add 2.0%～3.0% neutral protease of homogenate weight, mixing, is to carry out enzyme digestion reaction 2.0～3.0h in 40～55 ℃ of scopes in temperature, forms enzymolysis solution;
Step 3: enzymolysis solution is packed in container through whizzer centrifugal 10～20min under 4000～5000r/min condition, after enzymolysis solution is centrifugal, be divided into four layers, be followed successively by from top to bottom: fish oil layer, not enzymolysis layer, enzymolysis liquid layer, residual layer, the fish oil layer of the superiors is final fish oil.
Feature of the present invention is also: in step 2, homogenate and water weight ratio are 1:1.25, and pH value is 7.0, and the add-on of neutral protease is 2.0% of homogenate weight, and enzyme digestion reaction temperature is 45 ℃, and the enzyme digestion reaction time is 2.0h.
Beneficial effect Shi Gan fish viscera extraction fish oil technical matters parameter area of the present invention is wider, and the difficulty of suitability for industrialized production is low, and cost is low.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Bambusa fish viscera is removed to digest in gall-bladder, fish glue and enteron aisle, clean and drain and rub into homogenate;
(2) homogenate is mixed by weight 1:1.0～1:3.0 with water, stir, with hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide adjusting pH to 6.5～7.0, with homogenate weighing scale, add the neutral protease of homogenate weight 2.0%～3.0%, shake up, be warming up to 40～55 ℃, carry out enzyme digestion reaction 2.0～3.0h.
(3) by enzymolysis solution centrifugal 10～20min under whizzer 4000～5000r/min condition, be divided into four layers after centrifugal, be followed successively by from top to bottom: fish oil layer, not enzymolysis layer, enzymolysis liquid layer, residual layer, draw upper strata and obtain fish oil.
Optimize, in step (2), homogenate and water weight ratio be the add-on of 1:1.25, pH value 7.0, neutral protease be Bambusa fish viscera weight 2.0%, 45 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures, enzymolysis time 2.0h.More than the extraction rate reached to 92.0% of now measuring.Its physico-chemical property reaches crude fish oil 2 grade standards.
Advantage of the present invention and positively effect are: (1) the present invention adopts neutral protease to extract fish oil from Bambusa fish viscera, its reaction conditions gentleness, and simple to operate, cost is low, and fish oil extraction yield is high, and quality is better.(2) the present invention extracts the enzymolysis solution that fish oil produces and is rich in amino acid and micromolecule polypeptide, and further processing and utilization, as the products such as production functional polypeptide and marine products condiment, non-environmental-pollution.(3) the present invention utilizes neutral protease to extract fish oil from Bambusa fish viscera, turns waste into wealth, and reduces and pollutes, and has greatly improved added value of product and the resource utilization of Bambusa fish, has important economic benefit and ecological efficiency.(4) process parameters range is wider, easy operation and controlling in production.
The present invention utilizes neutral protease to decompose the protein of Bambusa fish viscera, has removed protein to fatty constraint, reaction conditions gentleness, and process parameters range is larger, and easily production control obtains the good fish oil of quality when having improved the extraction yield of fish oil; Present method utilizes neutral protease can break through the limitation of fish oil raw material from Bambusa fish viscera production fish oil, and can improve added value of product and the resource utilization of Bambusa fish, and reduce it as food and drink and processing waste environmental pollution, there is important society and economic benefit.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1:
(1) Bambusa fish viscera is removed to digest in gall-bladder, fish glue and enteron aisle, clean and drain and rub into homogenate;
(2) homogenate is mixed by weight 1:1.25 with water, stir, with sodium hydroxide adjusting pH to 7.0, with Bambusa fish viscera weighing scale, add 2.0% neutral protease, shake up, be warming up to 45 ℃, carry out enzyme digestion reaction 2.0h;
(3) by described enzymolysis solution centrifugal 15min under whizzer 4500r/min condition, be divided into four layers after centrifugal, be followed successively by from top to bottom: fish oil layer, not enzymolysis layer, enzymolysis liquid layer, residual layer, draw upper strata and obtain fish oil.
Crude fish oil extraction yield is 92.13%, and its analysis of physical and chemical property the results are shown in Table 4 crude fish oil samples 1.Visible, the fish oil that the method is extracted all reaches crude fish oil secondary standard.
Embodiment 2:
Operation steps is with example one, and processing parameter is: solid-liquid ratio 1:1.5, and pH to 7.0, with Bambusa fish viscera weighing scale, adds 2.5% neutral protease, shakes up, and is warming up to 55 ℃, carries out enzyme digestion reaction 3.0h; Extraction yield is 92.02%.Its analysis of physical and chemical property the results are shown in Table 1 fish oil sample 2.The fish oil extracting all reaches fish oil secondary standard.Experimental data is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
In upper table, the grade scale of fish oil is with reference to SC/T3502-2000.
Claims (2)
1. utilize neutral protease to extract a method for fish oil from Bambusa fish viscera, it is characterized in that carrying out according to following steps:
Step 1: the internal organ of Bambusa fish are removed to digest in gall-bladder, fish glue and enteron aisle wherein, clean and drain and rub into homogenate;
Step 2: homogenate is mixed by weight 1:1.0～1:3.0 with water, stir, add hydrochloric acid or sodium hydroxide to regulate pH value to 6.5～7.0, with homogenate weighing scale, add 2.0%～3.0% neutral protease of homogenate weight, mixing, is to carry out enzyme digestion reaction 2.0～3.0h in 40～55 ℃ of scopes in temperature, forms enzymolysis solution;
Step 3: enzymolysis solution is packed in container through whizzer centrifugal 10～20min under 4000～5000r/min condition, after enzymolysis solution is centrifugal, be divided into four layers, be followed successively by from top to bottom: fish oil layer, not enzymolysis layer, enzymolysis liquid layer, residual layer, the fish oil layer of the superiors is final fish oil.
2. according to a kind of method of utilizing neutral protease to extract fish oil from Bambusa fish viscera described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, homogenate and water weight ratio are 1:1.25, pH value is 7.0, the add-on of neutral protease is 2.0% of homogenate weight, enzyme digestion reaction temperature is 45 ℃, and the enzyme digestion reaction time is 2.0h.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105132122A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 | Method of preparing biodiesel by utilizing grass carp visceral fat |
| CN105296136A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2016-02-03 | 大连工业大学 | Method for extracting grease in gonad of sturgeon by utilizing aqueous enzymatic method |
| CN106866481A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江海洋大学 | Green grass or young crops accounts for the preparation method and purposes of vitaminAD extract in fish guts |
| CN109536269A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 中港（福建）水产食品有限公司 | A method of fish oil is extracted using fish head and fish-skin |
| CN109609257A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 安徽富煌三珍食品集团有限公司 | The extracting method of Yi Zhong Channel-catfish fish guts oil |
| CN110938486A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-31 | 江西科技师范大学 | Method for simultaneously preparing fish oil and flavor-developing base material by utilizing fresh water fish viscera |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105132122A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 江苏锦宇环境工程有限公司 | Method of preparing biodiesel by utilizing grass carp visceral fat |
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| CN106866481A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-06-20 | 浙江海洋大学 | Green grass or young crops accounts for the preparation method and purposes of vitaminAD extract in fish guts |
| CN109536269A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 中港（福建）水产食品有限公司 | A method of fish oil is extracted using fish head and fish-skin |
| CN109609257A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 安徽富煌三珍食品集团有限公司 | The extracting method of Yi Zhong Channel-catfish fish guts oil |
| CN110938486A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-31 | 江西科技师范大学 | Method for simultaneously preparing fish oil and flavor-developing base material by utilizing fresh water fish viscera |
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