CN103769586A - Metal 3D printing product production method by means of low-power laser sintering - Google Patents

Metal 3D printing product production method by means of low-power laser sintering Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103769586A
CN103769586A CN201310605634.5A CN201310605634A CN103769586A CN 103769586 A CN103769586 A CN 103769586A CN 201310605634 A CN201310605634 A CN 201310605634A CN 103769586 A CN103769586 A CN 103769586A
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metal
sintering
low
production method
product production
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王利民
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal 3D printing product production method by means of low-power laser sintering. According to the metal 3D printing product production method, metal powder materials and thermoplastic molding adhesives are adopted to prepare a low-melting-point 3D metal printing raw material mixture; due to the fact that the thin-layer thermoplastic adhesives are formed on the surfaces of metal powder particles, low-power (smaller than 50 W) selective laser sintering or electron beam sintering 3D printer is used, the metal powder materials are stacked to be molded through surface layer thermoplastic adhesive low-temperature melting-cooling adhesive solidification, then metal part product green bodies can be printed through the prepared metal powder raw materials, the molded adhesives in the part green bodies are removed through thermal debinding or chemocatalysis debinding or other technologies, high-temperature sintering is conducted on the green bodies without the molded adhesives through a vacuum sintering method or an atmosphere protection sintering method, and alloying compact high-performance complex metal part products are produced. The metal 3D printing product production method by means of low-power laser sintering has the advantage that the 3D printing device and technology for producing the metal parts are low in cost.

Description

A kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal dust that adopts and add thermoplasticity organic adhesive, by the low-power property selected, laser sintered or electron-beam sintering method 3D printer is printed the metal product green compact containing bonding agent, then by removing the method and apparatus of green compact binding agent, the densified production metallic element of high temperature sintering alloying product.
 
Background technology
3D prints the one that production technology belongs to near-net-shape increasing material manufacturing technology, its principle is by software, the three-dimensional parts sterogram of Computer Design to be resolved into some layer planes to cut into slices, print out by 3D printer, produce the required parts product of unlike material; Because of its flexibility, customization, all many advantages of the unlike material parts of near-net-shape production structure complexity fast, become a kind of increasing material manufacturing technology that has development prospect, aspect integrated manufacturing system (IMS) global formation, the complicated metallic element integral module of direct production high-performance, having peculiar advantage especially.
Current similar 3D prints near-net-shape increasing material manufacture manufacturing technology and is able to develop rapidly in the whole world, and tentatively the production method of commercialization mainly contains laser stereoforming method, selective laser sintering method, selective electronic bundle sintering process, watery fusion lamination method etc.
It is to utilize dusty material that 3D prints selective laser/electron-beam sintering method technique, mainly contain thermoplastic macromolecule material powder, metal dust, ceramic powders etc., under computer control, laser/electron beam carries out selective interface irradiation sintering to powder layering, and pile up layer by layer moulding, one of the main method that increases material and manufacture near-net-shape, parts that can production various material Arbitrary 3 D shape.
Due to metal molten or sintering temperature high, the laser generator power using by laser formation method and electron-beam sintering method or electron beam generation power are very large, the laser generator power of selective laser sintering method is generally more than 200W, superpower laser production technology difficulty is large, cost costliness, extensive commercial investment is large, plant maintenance complexity, and threshold is high.And the 3D that utilizes part mature technology to develop a kind of low cost mode prints the metallic element equipment and process demand that become a reality of producing.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve current 3D printing technique cost costliness, the shortcoming of plant maintenance complexity, the present invention develops a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method.
The present invention adopts the method for metal powder material heating plastic forming adhesive, prepare the 3D metal of low melting point and print raw material compound, because metal powder granulates surface forms thin layer thermoplastic adhesive, by low-power (being less than 50W) selective laser sintering or electron-beam sintering method 3D printer, the thin layer thermoplastic adhesive on metal dust top layer is through low temperature thawing-cooling adhesive solidification process, and pile up layer by layer moulding, just can use these type of metal dust raw material of preparation, print metallic element product green compact, green compact parts remove the forming adhesive in green compact parts by techniques such as hot degreasing method or chemical catalysis degreasing methods, remove the green compact high temperature sintering after molding adhesive by vacuum-sintering or gas-protecting sintering method again, produce the complicated metallic element product of high-performance of alloying densification.
Production process of the present invention:
Metal powder material+thermoplastic molding binding agent---forming metal powder mixture mixes---fragmentation---low-power selective laser sintering or electron-beam sintering method 3D printer are printed and produced parts green compact---green compact remove binding agent---high temperature sintering---metallic element product
Thermoplastic molding's binding agent function: increase 3D and print the raw-material low-temperature thermoplastic of required metal dust and maintain forming shape.
More than the technical method of invention is not only printed and is produced for the 3D of metal, and the 3D of various ceramic materials prints and is also applicable to the low power laser sintering process 3D printed product production that the technology of the present invention is used.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, this invention is described.
Printing Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) material metallic element product with 3D is that example is described as follows:
One. the preparation of thermoplastic molding's metal dust compound
(1) Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) trade mark globular metallic powder of selection average grain diameter D50=25 μ m
(2) thermoplastic molding's Binder Composition: 50% paraffin+50% polyethylene
(3) mixing: 60% metal dust content+40% molding adhesive volume content, with 5 kilograms of screw mixing machines, temperature mixing 20KG compound below 120 ℃ 20 hours.
Two. fragmentation
The metal dust mixing mixes agglomerating, adopts airslide disintegrating mill to be broken into subparticle, below general control granularity 50um.
Three .3D printing shaping metallic element green compact
(1) select the lower powered selective laser sintering 3D of commercialization laser instrument 40W printer, laser sintered temperature is controlled at below 200 ℃, Photocopy Room temperature is controlled in 80 ℃, the metal dust compound with thermoplastic characteristics produces powder surface binding agent thawing-cooled and solidified process under the irradiation of laser facula, and piles up layer by layer moulding.
(2) the 3-dimensional metal parts product model that utilizes professional 3D print software to design in computer will to print, arranges print parameters, 3D printer printing shaping parts green compact.
Four. parts green compact molding adhesive removes
In special hot debinding furnace, heated the removing of binding agent in metallic element green compact, sets heating process curve in this process, control heating rate, guarantees that binding agent removes totally, and parts green compact are indeformable.
Five. remove parts green compact molding adhesive final vacuum sintering
The titanium alloy member green compact that remove binding agent are put into vacuum sintering furnace, according to this Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) material, liquid-phase sintering Temperature Setting is 1250 ℃, formulate sintering temperature curve, parts green compact are carried out to high temperature sintering, the densified alloying of green compact product sintering shrinkage, produces Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) the metallic element product of certain mechanical performance.

Claims (8)

1. a low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method, it is characterized by and adopt metal dust to add thermoplasticity organic adhesive, laser sintered or the electron-beam sintering method 3D printer printing metal product green compact by the low-power property selected, then by removing the method and apparatus of its green compact binding agent, the densified production metallic element of high temperature sintering alloying product.
2. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by: printed material is thermoplastic molding's metal dust compound, and composition is that metal dust adds thermal plastic high polymer binder material.
3. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: select the lower powered selective laser sintering 3D of commercialization laser instrument 50W printer, laser sintered temperature is controlled at below 200 ℃, Photocopy Room temperature is controlled in 80 ℃, the metal dust compound with thermoplastic characteristics produces powder surface binding agent and melts under the irradiation of laser facula---cooled and solidified process, and pile up layer by layer moulding.
4. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: in special degreasing equipment, binding agent in metallic element green compact is removed, in this process, set heating process curve, control heating rate, guarantee that binding agent removes totally, parts green compact are indeformable.
5. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: the parts green compact that remove binding agent are put into sintering furnace, formulate sintering temperature curve, parts green compact are carried out to densified high temperature sintering, green compact product sintering shrinkage is densified, produces the parts product of certain mechanical performance.
6. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by: production process is: metal powder material+thermoplastic molding binding agent---forming metal powder mixture mixes---fragmentation---low-power selective laser sintering or electron-beam sintering method 3D printer are printed and produced parts green compact---green compact remove binding agent---high temperature sintering---metallic element product.
7. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: technical method of the present invention is not only printed and produced for the 3D of metal, the 3D of various ceramic materials prints and is also applicable to the low power laser sintering process 3D printed product production that the technology of the present invention is used.
8. a kind of low power laser sintering process metal 3D printed product production method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized by: thermoplastic molding's organic binder bond composition: 50% paraffin+50% polyethylene, in this technical method, using thermoplastic molding's organic binder bond is to print the raw-material low-temperature thermoplastic of required metal dust and maintain forming shape in order to increase 3D, the selection of binding agent is diversity, as long as application target and method meet the principle category of the technology of the present invention, all belong to the claim scope of the technology of the present invention.
CN201310605634.5A 2013-11-26 2013-11-26 Metal 3D printing product production method by means of low-power laser sintering Pending CN103769586A (en)

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CN104353835A (en) * 2014-11-15 2015-02-18 安徽省新方尊铸造科技有限公司 Part manufacturing method combining 3D (three-dimensional) printing with powder metallurgy
CN104476653A (en) * 2014-11-28 2015-04-01 中南大学 Three-dimensional (3D) printing and manufacturing method of porous niobium parts
CN104526836A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-22 南京工业大学 Solid inorganic substance powder 3D printing method based on selective laser melting technology
CN104711442A (en) * 2015-03-11 2015-06-17 北京科技大学 Method for manufacturing hard alloy by 3D printing
CN105619572A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-06-01 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 3D printing forming method of ceramic material
CN105642882A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-06-08 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 Preparation method for tungsten and tungsten alloy parts
CN105665706A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-06-15 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 Preparation method for metal part
CN105708062A (en) * 2014-12-19 2016-06-29 奥米加股份有限公司 Method of producing a decorated element for a timepiece or piece of jewellery, and decorated element made by the method
CN105714295A (en) * 2016-02-04 2016-06-29 中国地质大学(武汉) Enamel manufacturing method
CN105728729A (en) * 2016-03-14 2016-07-06 深圳森工科技有限公司 Metal/ceramic powder molding method
CN105798295A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-07-27 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 Preparation method for molybdenum and molybdenum alloy part
CN105837214A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-08-10 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 Preparation method of graphene product
CN105837216A (en) * 2016-03-22 2016-08-10 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 Preparation method of ceramic part
CN105921751A (en) * 2016-02-19 2016-09-07 珠海天威飞马打印耗材有限公司 Three-dimensional printer and printing method thereof
CN106001571A (en) * 2016-07-07 2016-10-12 四川天塬增材制造材料有限公司 Metal part selective laser alloying additive manufacturing method
CN106239923A (en) * 2016-08-11 2016-12-21 安徽鸿昇3D技术应用研究院有限公司 A kind of opera helmet cap and processing technology thereof
CN106334793A (en) * 2016-11-08 2017-01-18 西安铂力特激光成形技术有限公司 Method for Producing Parts with Tantalum and Tantalum Alloy
CN106426916A (en) * 2016-10-27 2017-02-22 南方科技大学 3D (three-dimensional) printing method
TWI580567B (en) * 2014-05-19 2017-05-01 Yu Chen Method and article for forming metal / ceramic article with no laser sintering powder lumping device
CN106623934A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-05-10 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 After-treatment method for SLM (selective laser melting) shaped steel mold blank and method for preparing SLM shaped steel mold
CN107649684A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-02-02 陕西爱骨医疗股份有限公司 A kind of 3D printing method
CN107755692A (en) * 2017-10-21 2018-03-06 长沙远达华信息科技有限公司 A kind of metal 3D printing method product processes and equipment
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CN108160920A (en) * 2018-01-23 2018-06-15 北京机科国创轻量化科学研究院有限公司 A kind of novel sand mold(Core)3D printing manufacturing process
CN110121392A (en) * 2016-12-28 2019-08-13 三菱电机株式会社 The manufacturing method of metallurgical powder and the molded product using the metallurgy powder
CN110142401A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-20 深圳市畅形增材科技有限公司 Precoated metal/ceramics/molding sand powder preparation method
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CN112338200A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-09 深圳市贝斯特精工科技有限公司 Metal feed and wire for 3D printing and preparation method and application thereof
CN112961457A (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-06-15 深圳市光韵达增材制造研究院 3D printing method
US11110519B2 (en) 2016-02-19 2021-09-07 Print-Rite ⋅ Unicorn Image Products Co., Ltd. Of Zhuhai Metal three-dimensional printer
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TWI580567B (en) * 2014-05-19 2017-05-01 Yu Chen Method and article for forming metal / ceramic article with no laser sintering powder lumping device
CN104353835A (en) * 2014-11-15 2015-02-18 安徽省新方尊铸造科技有限公司 Part manufacturing method combining 3D (three-dimensional) printing with powder metallurgy
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CN105708062B (en) * 2014-12-19 2019-06-21 奥米加股份有限公司 For clock and watch or the decoration element of jewellery manufacturing method and pass through the decoration element that this method manufactures
CN104526836A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-22 南京工业大学 Solid inorganic substance powder 3D printing method based on selective laser melting technology
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CN104711442A (en) * 2015-03-11 2015-06-17 北京科技大学 Method for manufacturing hard alloy by 3D printing
CN104711442B (en) * 2015-03-11 2016-11-30 北京科技大学 A kind of 3D prints the method manufacturing hard alloy
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CN105619572A (en) * 2015-12-24 2016-06-01 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 3D printing forming method of ceramic material
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CN111203535A (en) * 2020-01-13 2020-05-29 无锡英特派金属制品有限公司 Method for preparing iridium crucible by adopting 3D printing technology
CN112961457A (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-06-15 深圳市光韵达增材制造研究院 3D printing method
CN112338200A (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-02-09 深圳市贝斯特精工科技有限公司 Metal feed and wire for 3D printing and preparation method and application thereof
CN113695589A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-11-26 湘潭大学 Method for preparing nickel-based high-temperature alloy part with complex shape
CN113751720A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-12-07 湘潭大学 Method for preparing B2 phase reinforced iron-based alloy part with complex shape
CN113770376A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-12-10 北京科技大学 Method for preparing stainless steel parts based on feeding printing
CN113681024B (en) * 2021-07-28 2022-10-14 北京科技大学 Method for preparing tungsten metal part based on feeding printing
CN113681024A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-11-23 北京科技大学 Method for preparing tungsten metal part based on feeding printing
CN114985761A (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-09-02 福州瑞诚鞋材模具有限公司 3D printing powder and 3D printing method

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Application publication date: 20140507