CN103758592A - CO2 gas coke chemical-looping combustion power generating system and method - Google Patents
CO2 gas coke chemical-looping combustion power generating system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103758592A CN103758592A CN201410030475.5A CN201410030475A CN103758592A CN 103758592 A CN103758592 A CN 103758592A CN 201410030475 A CN201410030475 A CN 201410030475A CN 103758592 A CN103758592 A CN 103758592A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of burning chemistry chains electricity generation system of CO2 gas coke and method, which includes coal classification gasification subsystem, coal heating subsystem, burning chemistry chains subsystem, power generation sub-system. Using the present invention, gasification of coal first passes through carbonization process and carries out partial gasification, generates coke-stove gas and thick coke, thick coke is reacted with CO2 again generates CO, to realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal, and expensive air gas separation unit is eliminated, reduces system energy consumption; CO reduces combustion process by burning chemistry chains
Loss, improves system
Efficiency; And by coke-stove gas afterburning, the energy dissipation of coke-stove gas is avoided, combustion gas turbine inlet temperature is improved, solves the problems, such as that burning chemistry chains dynamical system is low because of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature caused by recycled material limitation. For the CO2 generated in burning chemistry chains reduction reactor due to not diluted by N2, removing vapor by simple condensation can be realized the zero energy consumption separation of CO2.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to gasification and technical field of power generation, relate in particular to a kind of CO
2burning chemistry chains power generation system and the method for gas coke.
Background technique
China is the country take coal as main primary energy, and coal production occupies the first in the world.In coal in China, utilize mode comparatively extensive, general direct as fuel combustion, carry out heat supply or generating, and existing direct coal-fired steam power cycle generating system mainly exists the problems such as efficiency is low, seriously polluted, water usage is large, this will certainly hinder China's environment and economic sustainable development.
Integrated gasification combined cycle plants (IGCC) is with respect to coal fired power plant, and pollutant discharge amount is low, systemic circulation efficiency is high and be easy to get rid of in more economical way on this basis greenhouse gases CO
2, be a kind of Clean Coal Power Generating Technologies that has development prospect, at present in the world, a lot of countries have entered commercialization demonstration and the Qualify Phase in IGCC power station.In order to realize the efficient clean utilization of coal, in IGCC power generation system, first need coal to be gasified totally, then through gas cleaning device, isolate pollutant, clean synthetic gas finally passes into combustion power generation in combined cycle power plant, thereby realizes the high-efficiency cleaning utilization of coal.But the gasification of coal, generally take pure oxygen as gasifying agent, need arrange air separation unit, and this can cause separating energy consumption high, equipment and system complexity, the problems such as investment height, generally, the investment of air-separating plant and coal gasifier accounts for the 30%-40% of system gross investment.And to install CO additional at IGCC system afterbody
2trapping segregating unit, because of separating energy consumption problem, can make the heat of system turn merit decrease in efficiency 7%-10%, and CO
2separation costs is also relatively high.
Burning chemistry chains is a kind of combustion manner that is different from traditional fuel and the direct catalytic combustion of air, it is the carrier (carrier of oxygen) as transmission oxygen by metallic oxide, traditional combustion mode is decomposed into two-step reaction, in reduction reactor, oxidation reactor, carries out respectively.Metallic oxide in reduction reactor with fuel generation reduction reaction, in course of reaction, metallic oxide is reduced into metal simple-substance (or metal suboxide), oxidized generate CO
2and H
2o.From reduction reactor metal simple-substance (or metal suboxide) out, enter oxidation reactor oxidation by air regeneration, emit a large amount of heat, produce high-temperature flue gas simultaneously.In reduction reactor, fuel and solid oxygen carrier particle reaction, H out from reduction reactor
2o and CO
2not by N
2dilution, CO
2concentration is higher, does not need special CO
2separation equipment, the water vapour of removing wherein through simple condensation can obtain almost pure CO
2, realized zero energy consumption separation of C O
2, due to fuel grade, be reduced to the grade of the metal simple-substance (or metal suboxide) after being reduced simultaneously, make burning
loss reduces, and has improved fuel combustion
efficiency.In addition, traditional combustion mode, combustion reaction temperature is higher, and partial flame temperature can reach 2273K, easily produces NO
x, and in CLC oxidation reactor, reaction temperature is lower, and the high heat capacity of solid particle reduced local temperature, has avoided NO
xgeneration.
Because burning chemistry chains has good CO
2emission reduction effect and higher fuel efficiency, make the burning chemistry chains power system of burning chemistry chains and thermodynamic cycle coupling break through energy system control CO
2the zero energy consumption technical barrier separating, had both improved chemistry of fuel transformation of energy and utilization, had reduced again CO
2the equipment investment and the energy consumption that separate.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
In view of this, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of CO
2burning chemistry chains power generation system and the method for gas coke, need to set up air separation unit in traditional coal gasification power generation system and the high energy consumption causing, problem with high investment to solve, simultaneously can be with low cost, low energy consumption trapping CO
2, and recycled, and improve in burning chemistry chains power system because recycled material limits the lower problem of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature causing.
(2) technological scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides a kind of CO
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, this system comprises coal classification gasification subtense angle, coal heating subtense angle, burning chemistry chains subtense angle and power generation sub-system, wherein:
First gasification of coal passes through coal classification gasification subtense angle, absorbs from the heat of partition wall, and generate thick coke, coke-stove gas and a small amount of tar through bonding and coking process in carbonization chamber, and coke enters in gasification room and gasifying agent CO subsequently
2react, produce CO, realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal;
For hot coal process coal heating subtense angle, the heat release of burning in external firing chamber, the high temperature fume dust removal of generation enters heat transfer chamber later, and by partition wall, simultaneously to coking and gasification supplying high temperature heat, the flue gas producing after burning carries out heat recovery;
CO, through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, is first reduced to metal simple-substance by metal oxygen carrier circulating granular, metal simple-substance oxidation by air subsequently regeneration, and heat release produces high-temperature flue gas, the chemical energy of CO is converted into the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas;
Coke-stove gas is through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging producing with carrier of oxygen recycled material regenerative process
2in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, react, further improve flue-gas temperature and drive combustion gas turbine acting;
Flue gas after afterburning, through power generation sub-system, expands and does work in combustion gas turbine, and then recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler produces after steam acting, enters in environment.
In such scheme, described coal classification gasification subtense angle comprises carbonization chamber 1, gasification room 2 and dust chamber 3, wherein:
Carbonization chamber 1, is coking equipment, and gasification of coal absorbs the heat of high temperature from heat transfer chamber therein, the in the situation that of isolated air, through bonding and coking process, generates thick coke, coke-stove gas and a small amount of tar;
Gasification room 2, is equipment for gasification, is arranged side by side with carbonization chamber, and coke absorbs the heat of high temperature from heat transfer chamber in gasification room, with gasifying agent CO
2under high temperature condition, there is non-catalytic gas solid reaction, generate CO;
The first dust chamber 3, is cleaning equipment, for CO is carried out to purified treatment.
In such scheme, described coal heating subtense angle comprises coal burning chamber 4, the second dust chamber 5, heat transfer chamber 6, partition wall 7, heat regenerator 8 and primary waste heat boiler 9, wherein:
Coal burning chamber 4, is fuel-burning equipment, for hot coal and preheated air fully burning therein, discharges heat of high temperature;
The second dust chamber 5, is cleaning equipment, for high-temperature flue gas is carried out to purified treatment;
Heat transfer chamber 6, after purifying, high-temperature flue gas transmits heat of high temperature with radiation, convection type to partition wall 7 therein;
Partition wall 7, is delivered to the heat obtaining in carbonization chamber 1 and gasification room 2 with heat exchange pattern;
Heat regenerator 8, the high-temperature flue gas after heat release cooling is by heat regenerator preheated air, recovery waste heat;
Primary waste heat boiler 9, is waste heat recovery apparatus, and coal-fired flue-gas carries out heat recovery for the second time, preliminary preheat fresh air, and heating simultaneously produces high pressure steam.
In such scheme, described burning chemistry chains subtense angle comprises gas compressor 10, heat exchanger 11, reduction reactor 12, oxidation reactor 13, the first cyclone separator 14, the second cyclone separator 15 and gas-solid heat exchanger 16, waste heat boiler 17, the 3rd dust chamber 18, coal gas gas compressor 19 and afterburning firing chamber 20, wherein:
Gas compressor 10, for compressing processing to fresh air;
Heat exchanger 11, CO and pressurized air carry out heat exchange;
Reduction reactor 12, for NiO, CoO, Fe
2o
3deng the CO after carrier of oxygen circulating granular and heat exchange, carry out reduction reaction, this reaction is exothermic reaction, without adding heat resource equipment;
Oxidation reactor 13, for the circulating granular after the pressurized air after preheating and reduction, as the oxidation reaction of strong heat release occurs the metal simple-substances such as Ni, Co, Fe;
First and second cyclone separator (14,15), for carrying out gas solid separation by gas-solid mixture;
Gas-solid heat exchange device 16, is heat transmission equipment, for realizing the exchange heat between hot and cold logistics, again preheated air;
Secondary waste heat boiler 17, reclaims coke-stove gas waste heat, and heating produces high pressure steam;
Coal gas gas compressor 19, for compressing processing to coke-stove gas;
Afterburning firing chamber 20, for coke-stove gas and the residue O receiving from the high-temperature flue gas of cyclone separator 15
2there is combustion reaction, further improve flue-gas temperature.
In such scheme, described power generation sub-system comprises combustion gas turbine 21, exhaust heat boiler 22, steam turbine 23, condenser 24 and pump 25, wherein:
Combustion gas turbine 21, for receiving the high-temperature flue gas from afterburning firing chamber 20, the acting of expanding;
Exhaust heat boiler 22, for retrieving, from combustion gas turbine 21, discharge fume and from the reduction reaction of cyclone separator 14, generate the waste heat of flue gas, produce high pressure, middle pressure, low pressure steam, and the reduction reaction from cyclone separator 14 is discharged fume after simple condensation, can zero energy consumption trapping obtain high concentration CO
2, for gasification reaction, recycle;
Steam turbine 23, for receiving the steam from exhaust heat boiler 22 and waste heat boiler (9,17) generation, the acting of expanding;
Condenser 24, is condensed into liquid feedwater for the exhaust steam equipressure that steam turbine 23 is discharged;
Pump 25, for the adiabatic compression that will feed water, pressure enters in exhaust heat boiler 22 after raising, and carries out next vapor recycle.
In such scheme, this system adopts CO
2/ coke gasification method, first carries out charing to gasification of coal, generates coke-stove gas and thick coke, realizes the partial gasification of coal, then thick coke is further gasified, and gasifying agent CO
2at high temperature there is again strong endothermic gasification with coke and react C+CO
2→ 2CO.
In such scheme, the CO producing in burning chemistry chains reduction reactor
2due to not by N
2dilution, removes water vapour through simple condensation separable, and this process is without special CO
2segregating unit and extra energy consumption, realize CO
2zero energy consumption separate.
In such scheme, the CO that described gasification produces enters after burning chemistry chains reduction reactor, with the carrier of oxygen, the reduction reaction of heat release occurs at a certain temperature, as CO+NiO → Ni+CO
2, the metal Ni producing after reduction enters the oxidation reaction 2Ni+O that strong heat release occurs with the pressurized air of preheating in oxidation reactor
2→ 2NiO, metal Ni is regenerated as metal oxygen carrier NiO, then returns in reduction reactor and recycles next time; The CO that burning chemistry chains subsystem separating goes out
2can return to classification gasification subtense angle recycles; The CO producing in reduction reactor
2due to not by N
2dilution, CO
2concentration is high, through condensation, can remove water vapour and isolate CO
2, for recycling of gasification reaction, this process is without special CO
2segregating unit and extra energy consumption, realize CO
2zero energy consumption separate, there is very high economy and environment benefit.
In such scheme, the coke-stove gas that carbonization process produces enters afterburning firing chamber as fuel, with the residue O being received from the oxidation reaction high-temperature exhaust air of cyclone separator
2, there is combustion reaction heat release, further improve combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature, solved the stability because guaranteeing recycled material physical property, oxidizing reaction temperature is restricted, and causes the low problem of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of method that described system is carried out burning chemistry chains generating of applying, and the method comprises:
First gasification of coal passes through coal classification gasification subtense angle, absorbs from the heat of partition wall, and through bonding and the generation of coking process coke, coke-stove gas and tar in carbonization chamber, and coke enters in gasification room and gasifying agent CO subsequently
2react, produce CO, realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal;
For hot coal process coal heating subtense angle, the heat release of burning in external firing chamber, the high temperature fume dust removal of generation enters heat transfer chamber later, and by partition wall, simultaneously to coking and gasification supplying high temperature heat, the flue gas producing after burning carries out heat recovery;
CO, through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, is first reduced to metal simple-substance by carrier of oxygen circulating granular, as Ni, and Ni oxidation by air subsequently regeneration, heat release produces high-temperature flue gas, the chemical energy of CO is converted into the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas;
Coke-stove gas is through afterburning subtense angle, the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging producing with carrier of oxygen recycled material regenerative process
2in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, react, further improve flue-gas temperature and drive combustion gas turbine acting;
Flue gas after afterburning, through power generation sub-system, expands and does work in combustion gas turbine, and then recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler produces after steam acting, enters in environment.
(3) beneficial effect
From technique scheme, can find out, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, with routine take pure oxygen or air compared with the gasifying method of gasifying agent, CO provided by the present invention
2/ coke gasification method, without air separation unit is set, has reduced equipment investment, has reduced system energy consumption; In addition, the running temperature very high (approximately 1500 ℃) of tradition gasification oven, cause the size of gasification oven large, cost is very high, and new gasifying method has reduced gasification temperature (approximately 1200 ℃) to a certain extent, this can bring certain economic benefits for investment and the operation of system.
2, in conventional combined cycle, fuel gas is directly burning in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, the very high meeting of temperature causes very large irreversible loss, and in fuel gas combustion manner provided by the present invention, the CO that coke gasification generates enters in burning chemistry chains subtense angle, at lower temperature, complete reduction and oxidation reaction, can improve fuel gas chemistry transformation of energy and utilization ratio, reduce irreversible loss.
3, the present invention, by coal grading gasification system and burning chemistry chains power system are carried out to complementation integration, has realized rationally efficient utilization of coal, simultaneously because burning chemistry chains process can realize zero energy consumption separation of C O
2, without setting up separately CO
2separative element, thus solved because of trapping separation of C O
2and the high energy consumption causing and expensive problem.
4, CO provided by the present invention
2gas coke produces the system and method that synthetic gas carries out burning chemistry chains generating, by adopting afterburning mode, overcome burning chemistry chains power system and limited the low problem of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature causing because of carrier of oxygen recycled material, improve combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature, thereby improve combustion gas turbine, gone out merit amount.It is fuel that afterburning adopts the coke-stove gas producing in carbonization of coal process, and it is rationally utilized.
5, the present invention, by coal grading gasification system and burning chemistry chains power system are carried out to complementation integration, has realized recycling of material.Metal oxygen carrier is vaporized product C O and is reduced to metal simple-substance in reduction reactor (12), enter oxidation reactor (13) and be regenerated as metallic oxide with pressurized air generation oxidation reaction, then return to reduction reactor (12) and recycle.Burning chemistry chains process product CO
2after separating, can enter again coal grading gasification subtense angle recycles next time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the CO according to the embodiment of the present invention
2the schematic diagram of the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the CO according to the embodiment of the present invention
2the schematic diagram of the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke.Wherein, 1 is carbonization chamber, and 2 is gasification room, and 3,5,18 is dust chamber, 4 is coal burning chamber, and 6 is heat transfer chamber, and 7 is partition wall, and 8 is heat regenerator, 9,17 is waste heat boiler, and 10 is gas compressor, and 11 is heat exchanger, and 12 is reduction reactor, 13 is oxidation reactor, and 14,15 is cyclone separator, and 16 is gas-solid heat exchange device, and 19 is coal gas gas compressor, 20 is afterburning firing chamber, and 21 is combustion gas turbine, and 22 is exhaust heat boiler, 23 is steam turbine, and 24 is condenser, and 25 is pump.S1 is gasification of coal, and S2 is coke, and S3 is gasifying agent CO
2, S4 is rich CO crude synthesis gas, S5 is thick coke-stove gas, S6 is for supplying hot coal, S7, S16 is fresh air, S8 is the air of preliminary preheating, S9 is the air of secondary preheating, S10 is coal-fired high-temperature flue gas, S11 is the coal-fired high-temperature flue gas after udst separation, S12 is the flue gas after high temperature heat release, S13 is the coal-fired flue-gas after recovery waste heat, S14, S30 is two strands of high-pressure feed waters, S15, S31 is the high pressure steam after heating, S17 is pressurized air, S18 is the CO after purifying, S19 is the CO after heat exchange cooling, S20 is the pressurized air of preliminary preheating, S21 is the pressurized air after secondary preheating, S22 is the carrier of oxygen recycled material after heat release cooling, for example NiO, S23 is the gas-solid mixture after reduction reaction, S24 is the recycled material after cyclone separator separates, for example Ni, S25 is the flue gas that reduction reaction produces, S26 is the gas-solid mixture after oxidation reaction, S27 is the recycled material NiO after cyclonic separation, S28 is the high-temperature smoke discharging after oxidation reaction, S29 is the coke-stove gas after heat release cooling, S32 is the coke-stove gas after purifying, S33 is compressed coke oven gas, S34 is the high-temperature smoke discharging after gas firing, S35 is the smoke evacuation of expanding after acting.
Shown in Fig. 1, CO provided by the invention
2gas coke produces the system that synthetic gas carries out burning chemistry chains generating, comprise coal classification gasification subtense angle, coal heating subtense angle, burning chemistry chains subtense angle and power generation sub-system, wherein: first gasification of coal passes through coal classification gasification subtense angle, in carbonization chamber, absorb the heat from partition wall, and generating thick coke, coke-stove gas and a small amount of tar through bonding and coking process, coke enters in gasification room and gasifying agent CO subsequently
2react, produce CO, realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal; For hot coal process coal heating subtense angle, the heat release of burning in external firing chamber, the high temperature fume dust removal of generation enters heat transfer chamber later, and by partition wall, simultaneously to coking and gasification supplying high temperature heat, the flue gas producing after burning carries out heat recovery; CO, through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, is first reduced to metal simple-substance Ni by metal oxygen carrier NiO circulating granular, metal simple-substance Ni oxidation by air subsequently regeneration, and heat release produces high-temperature flue gas, the chemical energy of CO is converted into the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas; Coke-stove gas is through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging producing with carrier of oxygen recycled material regenerative process
2in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, react, further improve flue-gas temperature and drive combustion gas turbine acting; Flue gas after afterburning, through power generation sub-system, expands and does work in combustion gas turbine, and then recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler produces after steam acting, enters in environment.
Coal classification gasification subtense angle comprises carbonization chamber 1, gasification room 2 and the first dust chamber 3, wherein: carbonization chamber 1, it is coking equipment, gasification of coal absorbs the heat of high temperature from heat transfer chamber therein, the in the situation that of isolated air, through bonding and coking process, generate thick coke, coke-stove gas and a small amount of tar; Gasification room 2, is equipment for gasification, is arranged side by side with carbonization chamber, and coke absorbs the heat of high temperature from heat transfer chamber in gasification room, with gasifying agent CO
2under high temperature condition, there is non-catalytic gas solid reaction, generate CO; The first dust chamber 3, is cleaning equipment, for CO is carried out to purified treatment.
Coal heating subtense angle comprises coal burning chamber 4, the second dust chamber 5, heat transfer chamber 6, partition wall 7, heat regenerator 8 and primary waste heat boiler 9, wherein: coal burning chamber 4, be fuel-burning equipment, for hot coal and preheated air fully burning therein, discharge heat of high temperature; The second dust chamber 5, is cleaning equipment, for high-temperature flue gas is carried out to purified treatment; Heat transfer chamber 6, after purifying, high-temperature flue gas transmits heat of high temperature with radiation, convection type to partition wall 7 therein; Partition wall 7, is delivered to the heat obtaining in carbonization chamber 1 and gasification room 2 with heat exchange pattern; Heat regenerator 8, the high-temperature flue gas after heat release cooling is by heat regenerator preheated air, recovery waste heat; Primary waste heat boiler 9, is waste heat recovery apparatus, and coal-fired flue-gas carries out heat recovery for the second time, preliminary preheat fresh air, and heating simultaneously produces high pressure steam.
Burning chemistry chains subtense angle comprises gas compressor 10, heat exchanger 11, reduction reactor 12, oxidation reactor 13, the first cyclone separator 14, the second cyclone separator 15, gas-solid heat exchange device 16, waste heat boiler 17, the 3rd dust chamber 18, coal gas gas compressor 19 and afterburning firing chamber 20, wherein: gas compressor 10, for fresh air being compressed to processing; Heat exchanger 11, CO and pressurized air carry out heat exchange; Reduction reactor 12, for carrier of oxygen circulating granular NiO, CoO or Fe
2o
3deng with heat exchange after CO carry out reduction reaction, this reaction is exothermic reaction, without add heat resource equipment; , for the circulating granular after the pressurized air after preheating and reduction, as metal simple-substances such as Ni, Co, Fe, there is the oxidation reaction of strong heat release in oxidation reactor 13; First and second cyclone separator (14,15), for carrying out gas solid separation by gas-solid mixture; Gas-solid heat exchange device 16, is heat transmission equipment, for realizing the exchange heat between hot and cold logistics, again preheated air; Secondary waste heat boiler 17, reclaims coke-stove gas waste heat, and heating produces high pressure steam; Coal gas gas compressor 19, for compressing processing to coke-stove gas; Afterburning firing chamber 20, for coke-stove gas and the residue O receiving from the high-temperature flue gas of cyclone separator 15
2there is combustion reaction, further improve flue-gas temperature.
Power generation sub-system comprises combustion gas turbine 21, exhaust heat boiler 22, steam turbine 23, condenser 24 and pump 25, wherein: combustion gas turbine 21, for receiving the high-temperature flue gas from afterburning firing chamber 20, the acting of expanding; Exhaust heat boiler 22, for retrieving, from combustion gas turbine 21, discharge fume and from the reduction reaction of cyclone separator 14, generate the waste heat of flue gas, produce high pressure, middle pressure, low pressure steam, and the reduction reaction from cyclone separator 14 is discharged fume after simple condensation, can zero energy consumption trapping obtain high concentration CO
2, for gasification reaction, recycle; Steam turbine 23, for receiving the steam from exhaust heat boiler 22 and first and second waste heat boiler (9,17) generation, the acting of expanding; Condenser 24, is condensed into liquid feedwater for the exhaust steam equipressure that steam turbine 23 is discharged; Pump 25, for the adiabatic compression that will feed water, pressure enters in exhaust heat boiler 22 after raising, and carries out next vapor recycle.
CO provided by the invention
2burning chemistry chains power generation system and the method for gas coke, adopt CO
2/ coke gasification method, first carries out charing to gasification of coal, generates rich hydrogen coke-stove gas and coke, realizes the partial gasification of coal, and then STRENGTH ON COKE further gasifies, gasifying agent CO
2at high temperature there is again strong endothermic gasification with coke and react C+CO
2→ 2CO, the CO of generation passes in burning chemistry chains reactor, and the smoke evacuation after fuel is oxidized is captured and obtains the CO of high concentration
2, for recycling of gasification reaction; By above process, realize the hydrocarbon component staged conversion of coal and the cascade utilization of chemical energy.
The CO that gasification produces enters after burning chemistry chains reduction reactor, with metal oxygen carrier NiO, the reduction reaction CO+NiO → Ni+CO of heat release occurs at a certain temperature
2, the metal simple-substance Ni producing after reduction enters the oxidation reaction 2Ni+O that strong heat release occurs with the pressurized air of preheating in oxidation reactor
2→ 2NiO, metal simple-substance Ni is regenerated as metal oxygen carrier NiO, then returns in reduction reactor and recycles next time; The CO that burning chemistry chains subsystem separating goes out
2can return to classification gasification subtense angle recycles; The CO producing in reduction reactor
2due to not by N
2dilution, CO
2concentration is high, through condensation, can remove water vapour and isolate CO
2, for recycling of gasification reaction, this process is without special CO
2segregating unit and extra energy consumption, realize CO
2zero energy consumption separate, there is very high economy and environment benefit.
For fear of carrier of oxygen high temperature sintering and generation thermal NO
xneed to control temperature in oxidation reactor and be no more than 1200 ℃, and in order to match with combustion gas turbine inlet temperature, need to carry out afterburning to the high-temperature flue gas after oxidation reaction, the coke-stove gas that process of coking produces enters afterburning firing chamber as fuel, with the residue O being received from the oxidation reaction high-temperature exhaust air of cyclone separator
2, there is combustion reaction heat release, further improve combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature, solved the stability because guaranteeing recycled material physical property, oxidizing reaction temperature is restricted, and causes the low problem of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature.
Further, based on the system shown in Fig. 1, the present invention also provides a kind of method that described system is carried out burning chemistry chains generating of applying, and the method comprises:
First gasification of coal passes through coal classification gasification subtense angle, absorbs from the heat of partition wall, and through bonding and the generation of coking process coke, coke-stove gas and tar in carbonization chamber, and coke enters in gasification room and gasifying agent CO subsequently
2react, produce CO, realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal;
For hot coal process coal heating subtense angle, the heat release of burning in external firing chamber, the high temperature fume dust removal of generation enters heat transfer chamber later, and by partition wall, simultaneously to coking and gasification supplying high temperature heat, the flue gas producing after burning carries out heat recovery;
CO, through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, is first reduced to metal simple-substance Ni by carrier of oxygen NiO circulating granular, metal simple-substance Ni oxidation by air subsequently regeneration, and heat release produces high-temperature flue gas, the chemical energy of CO is converted into the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas;
Coke-stove gas is through afterburning subtense angle, the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging producing with carrier of oxygen recycled material regenerative process
2in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, react, further improve flue-gas temperature and drive combustion gas turbine acting;
Flue gas after afterburning, through power generation sub-system, expands and does work in combustion gas turbine, and then recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler produces after steam acting, enters in environment.
Concrete, the method that system described in this application that the present invention also provides is carried out burning chemistry chains generating, gasification of coal S1 enters in carbonization chamber 1, the in the situation that of isolated air, absorption is from the heat of high temperature of heat transfer chamber 6, generate the coke S2 of 1000 ℃ of left and right and thick coke-stove gas S5, high-temperature coke S2 and the gasifying agent CO of 700 ℃ of left and right
2in gasification room 2, there is heat absorption reaction (C+CO in S3
2→ 2CO), the same heat absorbing from heat transfer chamber 6, produces high temperature CO S4.Interior burning produces high-temperature flue gas S10 in external coal burning chamber 4 to supply hot coal S6 and preheated air S9, high-temperature flue gas enters heat transfer chamber 6 after dust chamber 5 purifies, in heat transfer chamber 6, pass through partition wall 7 simultaneously to carbonization chamber 1 and gasification room 2 transferring heats, flue gas S12 after heat release carrys out preheated air S8 by heat regenerator 8, and enter waste heat boiler 9 from heat regenerator flue gas out, add hot air S7, produce one high temperature and high pressure steam S15 simultaneously.The high temperature CO S4 producing in gasification room 2 is first after dust chamber 3 is processed, preliminary pre-hot compressed air S17 in heat exchanger 11, CO S19 after cooling enters in reduction reactor 12, with carrier of oxygen recycled material NiO S22, the reduction reaction (CO+NiO → Ni+CO of heat release occurs at a certain temperature
2), the gas-solid mixture S23 after reduction reaction, enters cyclone separator 14, isolated high concentration CO
2flue gas S25 enters recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler 22, isolated recycled material metal Ni S24 enter in oxidation reactor 13 with secondary preheating after pressurized air S21 there is the oxidation reaction (2Ni+O of strong heat release
2→ 2NiO), metal Ni is regenerated as NiO, gas-solid mixture S26 after oxidation reaction, enter in cyclone separator 15, isolated carrier of oxygen recycled material S27 reclaims high-temperature residual heat by gas-solid heat exchange device 16, heated compressed air S20 simultaneously, the recycled material S22 after cooling returns in reduction reactor 12 and again recycles.The thick coke-stove gas S5 of 700 ℃ producing from carbonization chamber 1, heat release cooling in waste heat boiler 17, heating simultaneously produces another gang of high pressure steam S31, coke-stove gas S29 after heat release cooling is after dust chamber 18 purifies, again by after coal gas gas compressor 19 pressurization, enter the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging S28 that afterburning firing chamber 20 and oxidation reaction produce
2mixed combustion, further improves flue-gas temperature.High-temperature smoke discharging S34 after gas firing enters after combustion gas turbine 21 actings, the smoke evacuation S35 expanding after acting still has surplus heat and can utilize, therefore enter and reclaim its waste heat in exhaust heat boiler 22, heating simultaneously produces high pressure steam, enters steam turbine 23 and do work together with a small amount of steam producing in waste heat boiler 9,17.
Above embodiment adopts ASPEN PLUS software to carry out analog computation, and ambient temperature and pressure are got respectively 25 ℃ and 0.1013MPa.During analog computation, gasification of coal charing side is with reference to the test data of the JN60-82 of Hebei Coking Factory, Xuanhua Iron & Steel Corp. Formed Coke Furnace, and the dry base Analysis Values of getting the gasification of coal that enters carbonization chamber is: volatile constituent V
dbe 26%, ash content A
dbe 10.82%, fixed carbon FC
dbe 63.18%.The gasification of coal of 1kg approximately can produce the coke of 0.7062kg and the coke-stove gas of 0.1406kg, and remaining by-product tar and biphenyl etc. are not considered in simulation.The heat consuming in carbonization process is approximately 2410.7kJ/kg (gasification of coal).The temperature of getting carbonization chamber is 1050 ℃, from the air-dried basis fixed carbon content of carbonization chamber 1000 ℃ of left and right coke out, is 84.21%, and coke-stove gas temperature is about 700 ℃.Heat supply side is selected Datong District's fire coal, and its As-received composition and calorific value are as shown in table 1.In addition, selecting the gasification reaction temperature of coke is 1100 ℃, and vapor pressure is 15bar, CO
2/ coke quality ratio is 2.2, and selecting metal oxygen carrier is NiO, and the reaction temperature of itself and CO is 600 ℃.And the setting of the analog parameter of dynamic process is as shown in table 2.In system, key stream parameter is as shown in table 3, and in table, logistics numbering is corresponding with illustration.
For comprehensive and reasonable evaluation system performance, adopt the thermal efficiency based on the first law of thermodynamics to carry out assay to systematic function, according to system feature provided by the present invention, selecting reference system is separation of C O
2integrated gasification combined cycle plants IGCC, its parameter value that mainly gasifies is selected the representative value under the present art, and consistent with power cycle provided by the present invention of the parameter value of power cycle.
As can be seen from Table 4, under simulated conditions, CO
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke consumes gasification of coal 25.0MJ, and for hot coal 14.1MJ, leaving momentum is 18.9MW, and the thermal efficiency is 48.4%.In the situation that consuming as much gasification of coal, the leaving momentum of reference system is 8.9MJ, and the thermal efficiency is 35.6%, lower than system thermal efficiency of the present invention.Show CO of the present invention
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke has good system thermal performance and economic benefit, and energy-saving effect is obvious.
The basic reason that system effectiveness of the present invention improves is:
1, the reduction of gasification energy consumption: adopt CO in embodiment
2for gasifying agent, gas coke produces CO, and high concentration CO
2can in one smoke evacuation from system end exhaust heat boiler, directly obtain, than in traditional gasification mode take pure oxygen as gasifying agent, the present invention has saved because producing pure oxygen and has needed the high energy consumption air gas separation unit arranging separately, effectively reduces gasification system energy consumption, and has reduced equipment investment.
2, burning chemistry chains is realized the cascade utilization of fuel chemical energy: in embodiment, adopt burning chemistry chains, change direct traditional fuel combustion manner into burning chemistry chains mode, reduced fuel grade, greatly reduced burning
loss; By reclaiming high temperature oxygen carrier recycled material sensible heat, for pre-hot compressed air, reduced heat exchange
loss.
3, coke-stove gas is rationally utilized: in embodiment, adopted coke-stove gas afterburning, overcome burning chemistry chains power system and limited the low problem of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature causing because of recycled material, coke-stove gas burns under higher temperature simultaneously, has greatly reduced the combustible loss of coke-stove gas.
Table 1 is for composition (mass ratio, %) and the calorific value of hot coal
The analog parameter of table 2 system dynamic process
The parameter of table 3 system main streams
The new system of table 4 and the comparison of reference system thermal performance
Note:
Formula in table 4:
The clean output work of system thermal efficiency=system/(gasification of coal calorific value+confession hot coal calorific value);
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technological scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a CO
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, is characterized in that, this system comprises coal classification gasification subtense angle, coal heating subtense angle, burning chemistry chains subtense angle and power generation sub-system, wherein:
First gasification of coal passes through coal classification gasification subtense angle, absorbs from the heat of partition wall, and generate thick coke, coke-stove gas and a small amount of tar through bonding and coking process in carbonization chamber, and coke enters in gasification room and gasifying agent CO subsequently
2react, produce CO, realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal;
For hot coal process coal heating subtense angle, the heat release of burning in external firing chamber, the high temperature fume dust removal of generation enters heat transfer chamber later, and by partition wall, simultaneously to coking and gasification supplying high temperature heat, the flue gas producing after burning carries out heat recovery;
CO, through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, is first reduced to metal simple-substance by metal oxygen carrier circulating granular, metal simple-substance oxidation by air subsequently regeneration, and heat release produces high-temperature flue gas, the chemical energy of CO is converted into the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas;
Coke-stove gas is through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging producing with carrier of oxygen recycled material regenerative process
2in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, react, further improve flue-gas temperature and drive combustion gas turbine acting;
Flue gas after afterburning, through power generation sub-system, expands and does work in combustion gas turbine, and then recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler produces after steam acting, enters in environment.
2. CO according to claim 1
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, is characterized in that, described coal classification gasification subtense angle comprises carbonization chamber (1), gasification room (2) and the first dust chamber (3), wherein:
Carbonization chamber (1), is coking equipment, and gasification of coal absorbs the heat of high temperature from heat transfer chamber therein, the in the situation that of isolated air, through bonding and coking process, generates thick coke, coke-stove gas and a small amount of tar;
Gasification room (2), is equipment for gasification, is arranged side by side with carbonization chamber, and coke absorbs the heat of high temperature from heat transfer chamber in gasification room, with gasifying agent CO
2under high temperature condition, there is non-catalytic gas solid reaction, generate CO;
The first dust chamber (3), is cleaning equipment, for CO is carried out to purified treatment.
3. CO according to claim 1
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, it is characterized in that, described coal heating subtense angle comprises coal burning chamber (4), the second dust chamber (5), heat transfer chamber (6), partition wall (7), heat regenerator (8) and primary waste heat boiler (9), wherein:
Coal burning chamber (4), is fuel-burning equipment, for hot coal and preheated air fully burning therein, discharges heat of high temperature;
The second dust chamber (5), is cleaning equipment, for high-temperature flue gas is carried out to purified treatment;
Heat transfer chamber (6), after purifying, high-temperature flue gas transmits heat of high temperature with radiation, convection type to partition wall (7) therein;
Partition wall (7), is delivered to the heat obtaining in carbonization chamber (1) and gasification room (2) with heat exchange pattern;
Heat regenerator (8), the high-temperature flue gas after heat release cooling is by heat regenerator preheated air, recovery waste heat;
Primary waste heat boiler (9), is waste heat recovery apparatus, and coal-fired flue-gas carries out heat recovery for the second time, preliminary preheat fresh air, and heating simultaneously produces high pressure steam.
4. CO according to claim 1
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, it is characterized in that, described burning chemistry chains subtense angle comprises gas compressor (10), heat exchanger (11), reduction reactor (12), oxidation reactor (13), the first cyclone separator (14), the second cyclone separator (15), gas-solid heat exchange device (16), waste heat boiler (17), the 3rd dust chamber (18), coal gas gas compressor (19) and afterburning firing chamber (20), wherein:
Gas compressor (10), for compressing processing to fresh air;
Heat exchanger (11), CO and pressurized air carry out heat exchange;
Reduction reactor (12), carries out reduction reaction for the CO after carrier of oxygen circulating granular and heat exchange, and this reaction is exothermic reaction, without adding heat resource equipment;
Oxidation reactor (13), there is the oxidation reaction of strong heat release in the circulating granular for the pressurized air after preheating and after reducing;
First and second cyclone separator (14,15), for carrying out gas solid separation by gas-solid mixture;
Gas-solid heat exchange device (16), is heat transmission equipment, for realizing the exchange heat between hot and cold logistics, again preheated air;
Waste heat boiler (17), reclaims coke-stove gas waste heat, and heating produces high pressure steam;
Coal gas gas compressor (19), for compressing processing to coke-stove gas;
Afterburning firing chamber (20), for coke-stove gas and the residue O receiving from the high-temperature flue gas of cyclone separator (15)
2there is combustion reaction, further improve flue-gas temperature.
5. CO according to claim 1
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, it is characterized in that, described power generation sub-system comprises combustion gas turbine (21), exhaust heat boiler (22), steam turbine (23), condenser (24) and pump (25), wherein:
Combustion gas turbine (21), for receiving the high-temperature flue gas from afterburning firing chamber (20), the acting of expanding;
Exhaust heat boiler (22), be used for retrieving from combustion gas turbine (21) smoke evacuation and from the reduction reaction of cyclone separator (14), generate the waste heat of flue gas, produce high pressure, middle pressure, low pressure steam, and will discharge fume after simple condensation from the reduction reaction of cyclone separator (14), can zero energy consumption trapping obtain high concentration CO
2, for gasification reaction, recycle;
Steam turbine (23), for receiving the steam from exhaust heat boiler (22) and waste heat boiler (9,17) generation, the acting of expanding;
Condenser (24), is condensed into liquid feedwater for the pressure that steam turbine (23) is discharged;
Pump (25), for the adiabatic compression that will feed water, pressure enters in exhaust heat boiler (22) after raising, and carries out next vapor recycle.
6. CO according to claim 1
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, is characterized in that, this system adopts CO
2/ coke gasification method, first carries out charing to gasification of coal, generates coke-stove gas and thick coke, realizes the partial gasification of coal, then thick coke is further gasified, and gasifying agent CO
2at high temperature there is again strong endothermic gasification with coke and react C+CO
2→ 2CO.
7. CO according to claim 1
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, is characterized in that, the CO producing in burning chemistry chains reduction reactor
2due to not by N
2dilution, removes water vapour through simple condensation separable, and this process is without special CO
2segregating unit and extra energy consumption, realize CO
2zero energy consumption separate.
8. CO according to claim 7
2the burning chemistry chains power generation system of gas coke, it is characterized in that, the CO that described gasification produces enters after burning chemistry chains reduction reactor, there is at a certain temperature the reduction reaction of heat release with metal oxygen carrier, the metal simple-substance producing after reduction enters the oxidation reaction that strong heat release occurs with the pressurized air of preheating in oxidation reactor, metal simple-substance is regenerated as metal oxygen carrier, then returns in reduction reactor and recycles next time; The CO that burning chemistry chains subsystem separating goes out
2can return to classification gasification subtense angle recycles.
9. CO according to claim 1
2gas coke produces the synthetic gas system of carrying out burning chemistry chains generating, it is characterized in that, the coke-stove gas that carbonization process produces enters afterburning firing chamber as fuel, with the residue O being received from the oxidation reaction high-temperature exhaust air of cyclone separator
2, there is combustion reaction heat release, further improve combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature, solved the stability because guaranteeing recycled material physical property, oxidizing reaction temperature is restricted, and causes the low problem of combustion gas turbine entrance initial temperature.
10. application rights requires the method that in 1 to 9, the system described in any one is carried out burning chemistry chains generating, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
First gasification of coal passes through coal classification gasification subtense angle, absorbs from the heat of partition wall, and through bonding and the generation of coking process coke, coke-stove gas and tar in carbonization chamber, and coke enters in gasification room and gasifying agent CO subsequently
2react, produce CO, realize the classification gasification of the hydrocarbon component of coal;
For hot coal process coal heating subtense angle, the heat release of burning in external firing chamber, the high temperature fume dust removal of generation enters heat transfer chamber later, and by partition wall, simultaneously to coking and gasification supplying high temperature heat, the flue gas producing after burning carries out heat recovery;
CO, through burning chemistry chains subtense angle, is first reduced to metal simple-substance by carrier of oxygen circulating granular, metal simple-substance oxidation by air subsequently regeneration, and heat release produces high-temperature flue gas, the chemical energy of CO is converted into the heat energy of high-temperature flue gas;
Coke-stove gas is through afterburning subtense angle, the residue O in the high-temperature smoke discharging producing with carrier of oxygen recycled material regenerative process
2in combustion gas turbine firing chamber, react, further improve flue-gas temperature and drive combustion gas turbine acting;
Flue gas after afterburning, through power generation sub-system, expands and does work in combustion gas turbine, and then recovery waste heat in exhaust heat boiler produces after steam acting, enters in environment.
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