KR100881757B1 - Process of fully utilizable resource recovery system with various waste under emission free basis - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a resource recovery treatment process for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes, including partial combustion, pyrolysis, reforming treatment process; A melt resource treatment step of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue (ash) which melts the ash after the partial combustion, pyrolysis and reforming process; A reforming furnace connected to the partial combustion, pyrolysis, and reforming process to recover and collect and separate the sensible heat of the exhaust gas; After the reforming furnace exhaust gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust separation treatment process, the process of reprocessing the dust removal fuel gas into clean fuel gas; And a chemical product production process of converting the clean fuel gas into various secondary products (electric power, steam, and various chemical products, etc.) as a raw material after the purification resource processing process into the clean fuel gas. Producing oxygen (third product) necessary for its own process by using the secondary product power; Separating and recovering heavy metals from the soot separated and collected in the dust collecting separation process to produce activated carbon; And a resource recovery treatment process for totally non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes, including a process of separating and recovering heavy metals and double salts by treating wastewater by-produced in the purification resource recycling process into clean fuel gas, and producing water. And its system. According to the present invention, an integrated process linking various unit processes and a resource recovery treatment process for releasing, recycling, and utilizing all of the various wastes maximized in technology, economy, eco-friendliness, and future orientation with optimal operating conditions. And its system.

Waste, melting, pyrolysis, clean fuel gas, recycling

Description

 Process of fully utilizable resource recovery system with various waste under emission free basis}

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a system for overall resource recovery-utilization in connection with various unit processes for a resource recovery treatment process and a system for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a process for recovering and recovering the heavy metals from the generated-recovered soot (carbon) and producing activated carbon in the resource recovery treatment process and the system for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of the part.

Figure 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a part of a process for recovering heavy metals, double salts from by-product wastewater and producing water from the wastewater by-products for the total non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes according to the present invention. .

4 is a schematic configuration diagram of various power generation systems for producing electric power, which is a secondary product with clean fuel gas, produced in the resource recovery processing process and its system for total emission-free recycling of various wastes according to the present invention; .

5 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen production apparatus for producing oxygen, which is a tertiary product in air, with power generated by itself in a resource recovery treatment process and its system for completely releasing, recycling and utilizing various wastes according to the present invention. Diagram of treatment process.

The present invention relates to a resource recovery treatment process and a system thereof for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. More specifically, the present invention can significantly improve the performance and effectiveness of technical, economical, environmentally friendly, future-oriented, etc. through one integrated system and the optimum operating conditions applied thereto, and further contribute to the oil replacement industry. The present invention relates to a resource recovery process and a system for releasing, recycling, and utilizing all of the various wastes.

In general, wastes generated in daily life must be disposed of if left untreated, which leads to environmental damage and waste of resources.

The waste treatment method according to the prior art in the waste treatment has been developed through the following four steps process.

The first stage is a simple landfill process, the second stage is incineration with air and the combustion gas is discharged, the ash is landfilled, and the third stage is pyrolysis-incineration-waste heat recovery-hazard reduction by air or oxygen enrichment. The ash after treatment-combustion gas is recycled into molten pollution-free aggregate, and only ash is recycled, and the fourth stage is pyrolysis into oxygen, waste heat recovery-reduction of harmful substances-resourced with fuel gas, and ash is also melt-free. It is a step of reprocessing both combustible ash and ash by reprocessing it into a sex aggregate.

In addition, although all four waste treatment methods of the four stages are used at present, the waste treatment methods according to the previous stage have a greater impact on the deterioration of the environment. Institutions and companies involved in the research are being competitively researched and developed.

In the case of foreign countries, in Japan, the three-stage treatment method began to be commercialized in the late 1970s. In Europe, in the early 1990s, the four-stage waste treatment method was commercialized. In addition, in recent years, other similar types of treatment methods have been commercialized and widely distributed. However, as shown in Table 1 below, these techniques have considerable advantages in continuous safety-stability-ease of operation, durability of high-temperature devices, economical efficiency, and environmental friendliness. It includes improvements.

Table-1. Feature comparison table by representative type of recent prior art (3 and 4 step processing technology)

division Technology development company Pyrolysis treatment type Melting furnace type   P-process    Japan Takuma  Configuration Flammable powder; Plasma, pyrolysis-air combustion-waste heat recovery-purification, air release ash; Plasma Melt Recycling Surface melting method heating from the top with ultra high temperature plasma torch in high temperature refractory  Characteristic High-temperature plasma, increased facility cost, operating cost, and fireproof durability problems Among melt discharges, undissolved melt may be present       R-process     Kobelco-Eco Shipyard, Mitsui Shipbuilding Ebara, Japan    Configuration Flammable powder; Preheated air, partial combustion-carbonization, flammable air, combustion-waste heat recovery-purification, atmospheric release ash; Carbide powder is burned in a swirling heat stream, and the ashing heat is used to melt ash. Method of discharging melted powder continuously with combustion heat generated by burning carbide powder of waste in the rotating hot air of preheated air   Characteristic Rotating carbonization process Operational stability, maintenance-management problems Excessive air use increases the required equipment, NOx removal facility-operating cost Weighted melt operation temperature comparison Good durability of high temperature equipment at low temperatures Possibility of coexisting melt in melt discharge.     N-process      Japan New Japan Steel     Configuration Flammable powder; After partial combustion-pyrolysis with 40-45% oxygen-enriched gas, after complete combustion-waste heat recovery-purification by air; Melt resource by heat of burning coke with 40-45% oxygen enrichment gas Surface melting method of burning coke with 40-45% of oxygen in high temperature refractory and melting and intermittently discharging at high temperature with generated heat   Characteristic Partial combustion-pyrolysis-melting furnace vertical operation Instability problems Residual melt stability due to special operations of intermittent melt intermittent discharge.       T-process       European Thermo-Select   Configuration Flammable powder; Partial combustion-pyrolysis with pure oxygen gas-after purification, recirculation to fuel gas; Melt Resources by Fuel-Oxygen Combustion Heat  The surface melting method in which the upper part in the high temperature refractory is melted by the heat of combustion of the fuel-oxygen burner.  Characteristic The application of waste pressurization and injection system has a great effect of increasing facility cost and delaying pyrolysis and reaction rate. Reforming furnace operation conditions are increasing the operation-construction cost, and the melting furnace homogenization furnace is added to the surface melting furnace to enlarge the high-temperature melting furnace. Vulnerable in terms of economics such as construction and operation costs.

On the other hand, many related companies and research institutes are trying to develop technology in this field in Korea, but there have not been published cases of successful techniques for practical use.

Accordingly, the present applicant has studied the above technologies in various ways, and has received patent registration and designation of new technology by the government in many cases. More specifically,

○ Registered Korean Patent No. 0466408 (apparatus and method for treating all kinds of wastes and pollution-free resources),

○ Domestic Registered Patent No. 0515917 (melting apparatus for total pollution-free resource of various wastes)

○ Domestic Patent No. 0606395 (Pretreatment process and apparatus for fly ash melting resource),

○ Japanese Patent No. 3921198 (melting apparatus for the total amount of pollution-free resources of various wastes)

○ Designated by Ministry of Environment, No. 104 (Technology for melt treatment of municipal waste incinerators using graphite crucibles and melting furnaces with heating structures on both sides).

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed by solving the above problems and improving the patents already obtained, and an object of the present invention is to recycle all the materials into useful resources under conditions that minimize the environmental impact of the harmful substances contained in the wastes, By using all the materials, it is possible to preserve the environment and resources together, and at the same time, it is excellent in terms of performance in terms of technology, economics, eco-friendliness, and future orientation, and emits all of the wastes by practical treatment method through optimal operating conditions. To provide a resource recovery process and its system for resource utilization.

More specifically, in the process of recycling the combustible organic matter into the fuel gas in the waste, it corresponds to the treatment function in order to reduce the content of dioxins and heavy metals, which are poisons that may remain in the final emissions and ease of operation and operating costs. The present invention is to provide a resource recovery process and a system for releasing, recycling, and utilizing all the wastes that are more efficiently realized by optimizing operating conditions (operating temperature, residence time, and steam injection amount) of the pyrolysis-reforming furnace. .

 It is another object of the present invention to clean secondary gas and other various by-products that are used as a primary source of combustible organic matter in the waste, and useful secondary and tertiary products (electric power, oxygen, steam, activated carbon, water, and various chemical products, etc.). To produce clean fuel gas while minimizing the impact on the environment under the principle of releasing no harmful substances by recycling or separating and recovering (heavy metal) the secondary process to produce the main process sector and various secondary and tertiary products. By constructing an integrated process that links the sectors, the efficiency of energy utilization is raised, self-contained utilities are self-sustaining, and the surplus energy is discharged to the outside and all the wastes can be utilized. To provide a resource recovery treatment process and system thereof.

The present invention is a treatment process for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes, including partial combustion, pyrolysis, reforming treatment process; A molten resource treatment step of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue which is connected to the partial combustion, pyrolysis and reforming process and melt resources the ash; It is connected to the partial combustion, pyrolysis, reforming process, recovers the sensible heat of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust separation process for collecting and separating the ash and smoke accompanying the exhaust gas; A purification resource treatment process connected to the exhaust gas holding sensible heat collection and dust separation treatment process and converting the dust removal fuel gas into a clean fuel gas; And a second to third product production process for producing at least one of electric power, water vapor, oxygen, activated carbon, and petrochemical products using the clean fuel gas as a raw material after the purification resource treatment process into the clean fuel gas. Provide a resource recovery process for zero emissions, recycling and utilization of all wastes.

Here, in the reforming process, the operating temperature is in the range of 950 ° C to 1050 ° C, the reaction residence time in the reforming process is 4 to 6 seconds, and the amount of steam injected to promote thermal decomposition is 1 to 1.5 of the theoretical equivalent. It is doubled, and it is maintained so that it may not contain the tar component which may be a driving obstacle of a reforming process, and an appropriate amount of soot remains.

In addition, the present invention is a partial combustion, pyrolysis, reforming treatment apparatus; A molten resource treatment apparatus for the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue (ash), which is connected to the partial combustion, pyrolysis and reforming treatment apparatus and melts and recycles the ash; A reforming furnace connected to the partial combustion, pyrolysis, and reforming treatment apparatus for recovering and collecting and separating the sensible heat of the exhaust gas; A purification resource treatment device connected to the reforming furnace exhaust gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust collection and separation device and converting the dust removal fuel gas into a clean fuel gas; And a production device connected to the refining resource processing device for clean fuel gas, and producing a secondary-tertiary product using the clean fuel gas as a raw material. It provides a resource recovery processing system for total emission-free resources.

Hereinafter, the configuration, function, and effect of the preferred embodiment of the resource recovery treatment process and its system for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes according to the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a resource recovery treatment process and a system for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes according to the present invention. It shows the composition and process of the process from the production, by-product, main product and the final surplus resource to discharge.

The resource recovery treatment process for the total amount of non-emission-recycling-utilization of various wastes according to the present invention is divided into (1) partial combustion, pyrolysis, reforming treatment process, and (2) residue (ash) after the treatment process of (1). Residual pretreatment step of pretreatment of phosphorus non-combustible inorganic material, (3) Recycling process step of melt-recycling residue (ash) after the above (2) treatment step, (4) Exhaust gas holding sensible heat after the treatment step of (1) above Recovery and dust separation process, (5) recycling of the dust removal fuel gas into clean fuel gas, and / or (6) secondary and tertiary product production processing processes using clean fuel gas as a raw material.

In the following, the composition, operating conditions, functions and features of the wastes will be described in detail according to the disposal sequence.

(1) Partial combustion, pyrolysis, reforming process

As shown in the figure, the partial combustion, pyrolysis and reforming process is implemented including a pyrolysis furnace and a reforming furnace which are partial combustion, pyrolysis and reforming treatment apparatuses as main components.

Wastes that have undergone pretreatment such as separation, recovery, crushing, mixing, and odor treatment before being introduced into the pyrolysis furnace, which is the introduction of the partial combustion, pyrolysis, and reforming treatment equipment, are continuously fed to the pyrolysis furnace, a horizontal rotary furnace, by the feeder. By dose. In addition, an oxygen burner, which is an oxygen injection device, is installed on the opposite side of the inlet to the pyrolysis furnace to inject oxygen.

The waste is then subjected to a drying-evaporation-pyrolysis-combustion process. At this time, both moisture and flammable organic matter are evaporated, partially burned and thermally decomposed to a gaseous state in the temperature range of 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. and discharged to a reforming furnace which is a vertical S-shaped fixed furnace. The reforming furnace is for further pyrolyzing the outflowing pyrolysis gas.

On the other hand, the non-combustible inorganic material (ash) is dropped to a vertical cooler (cooler) at the other end of the pyrolysis furnace at a temperature range of 600 ° C. to 800 ° C. and cooled below 60 ° C. by a small amount of spray water by the spray water injection device. It is automatically interrupted and discharged to the residue (ash) pretreatment apparatus mentioned later.

In the above process, the injection amount of oxygen is controlled so that the exhaust gas temperature is maintained at an appropriate temperature within the temperature range of 300 ° C to 600 ° C by pyrolysis, and the spray water injected for the maximum combustion temperature control in the combustion zone in the pyrolysis furnace is the highest in the furnace. The temperature is controlled so as not to exceed 1100 ° C. In addition, the amount of unburned ash in the discharged ash is controlled so as to minimize the amount of waste injected.

Under the conditions controlled as described above, the partially combusted-pyrolyzed mixed gas discharged is a reducing condition with no residual oxygen, and the degree of pyrolysis is incomplete, thus containing a large amount of soot (carbon powder) and heavy hydrocarbons, which are contained in the waste. Chlorine (Cl), sulfur (S), and nitrogen (N), which are harmful components, are all converted to hydrochloric acid gas (HCl), hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S), ammonia (NH ₃ ), and low boiling point among heavy metals. Part of the high boiling point flows scattered and joins the gas stream, and most of the high boiling point flow joins the ash produced. In particular, under such reducing conditions, there is an effect of suppressing the production of dioxins, which are poisons, and the amount of production of dioxins is extremely small.

In order to further decompose the exhaust gas to an appropriate level by pyrolysis containing a considerable amount of soot (carbon) and heavy hydrocarbons, additional oxygen is injected into the reforming furnace. Then, a portion of the combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas is combusted, and the amount of oxygen injected is automatically controlled to maintain the optimum temperature in the range of 950 ° C. to 1050 ° C. by the heat of combustion. At the same time, in order to promote the pyrolysis reaction at the same temperature, an additional amount of steam is additionally injected in the range of 1-1.5 times the theoretical equivalent required for the reforming reaction. In addition, the amount of waste injected is controlled so that the reaction time (retention time) required for the reforming reaction is in the range of 4-6 seconds.

In addition, the optimum reforming of the exhaust gas temperature, the amount of steam injection, and the residence time of the reforming reaction are until the tar component, which may be an obstacle to operation, is completely eliminated, and soot (carbon powder) or other heavy materials are removed. When excessively pyrolyzing the residual amount of hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, etc.), the operating cost is largely reduced due to the increase of the oxygen consumption and the reduction of the fuel gas production, and the life of the equipment is shortened due to the excessive operating conditions. It is preferable not to completely pyrolyze the residual amount of soot (carbon powder) or other heavy hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, etc.).

In the partial combustion-pyrolysis-reforming process as described above, most of the combustibles are completely pyrolyzed into hydrogen (H ₂ ), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), and water vapor (H ₂ O), and not completely pyrolyzed. A significant amount of soot (carbon powder), residual heavy hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, etc.) and traces of various harmful constituent gases are all mixed through corresponding reforming reactions (reduction reactions, pyrolysis reactions, thermodynamic equilibrium reactions, etc.) It is discharged to the waste heat recovery boiler which is an introduction part of the exhaust gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust separation process described later.

At the same time, a significant amount of soot (carbon) remaining also provides a function of separating most of the dioxins and heavy metals that are poisons from the adsorption and gas streams.

(2) Residual pretreatment process for pretreatment of non-combustible inorganic material (residue)

Next, after the process of said (1), the residue before-treatment process which pre-processes the non-combustible inorganic substance which is a residue (ash) is demonstrated.

In this step, the metal material is separated and recovered from the residue discharged through the residue cooling apparatus provided on the discharge side by pyrolysis, and pulverized or crushed for the remaining large bulk residue. This process may include a process (apparatus) for mixing a flux for lowering the melting point, a part of the ash and the soot (carbon) collected separately, and a proper capacity for storing the appropriate capacity, if necessary.

Specifically, in this process, in the ash (non-combustible inorganic material) cooled and discharged in a pyrolysis furnace for partial combustion-pyrolysis, the metal material is separated and recovered by physical methods such as charity, eddy current, sieving, or the like through metal separation recovery means. In addition, wave-crushing is performed on the remaining large bulk residues. Here, the process is carried out by collecting the appropriate amount of flux injected for lowering the melting point, the ash collected in the waste heat boiler used in the above-described reforming process and the sensible heat recovery process described later, and the dust collecting process described later. Some of the soot (carbon) can be mixed well and stored once in a suitable volume reservoir.

Through such a pretreatment process of the residue, the effect of increasing the melting performance in the subsequent process, such as reducing the heat load of the melt, lower the melting point of the melt and shorten the melting time in the melt resource process described later, and for a predetermined time depending on the storage capacity of the incineration ash It can provide autonomy of operation that can operate the melt section and the pyrolysis-fuel gasification part of combustible separately.

(3) Residual (ash) melt resource treatment process

The following describes the melt recyclization process of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue (ash) according to the melt reoxidation process of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue (ash).

As shown in the figure, the process of melting resources of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue (ash) is implemented through a firing furnace, a melting furnace, and a hydrocracking tank as main components.

The kiln is connected to the ash pretreatment-storage device, which is in turn provided with a melting furnace and a crushing tank.

The ash provided in the pretreatment process is drawn again and continuously injected into the kiln, which is a horizontal rotary furnace, by the ash injection device according to the operating conditions, and contacted in countercurrent with the oxygen-enriched hot air flow injected from the oxygen-fuel burner on the opposite side. While the remaining fine powder is completely burned, the ash is calcined-heated to a temperature around 1000 ° C and continuously injected into the melting furnace. The hot combustion gas is discharged to the pyrolysis or reforming furnace which is the whole process at a temperature around 1200 ° C.

The ash flowing into the furnace is always dropped onto the molten metal in which a certain amount of melt is accumulated in a crucible made of graphite material having excellent durability. After that, the ash dropped on the molten metal is melted by the flame radiation heat around 1700 ° C emitted from the oxygen-fuel burner installed in the upper combustion chamber of the crucible, and gradually descends to the lower portion of the molten metal. It automatically flows over continuously from above and falls directly into the water in the septic tank immediately from the vertical passage.

In the above process, a plurality of high temperature heater elements are installed in the outer space of the bottom of the crucible and the vertical space on the side of the melt discharge port so as to keep the temperature of the melt constant. Here, the appropriate temperature of the melt is preferably controlled to be maintained in the range 1300 ℃ ~ 1500 ℃. Thus, the melt maintained at such a constant temperature maintains its fluidity constant, prevents solidification, and provides safety, stability and ease of operation.

Subsequently, the melt dropped into the water in the water tank is crushed and cooled like sand grains by a thermal shock caused by a temperature difference with the cooling water circulating in the water tank. The crushed and cooled melt is then lifted, transported and stored externally by a drawer and, depending on the use and conditions, undergoes its own or further processing, for example, to make full use of the raw materials for various civil or inorganic materials. do.

The melting furnace applied in the present invention is a patent application filed by the present applicant and registered Patent No. 0515917 "melting apparatus for the total amount of pollution-free resources of various wastes". By adding the ash pretreatment process by the said ash pretreatment apparatus to such a melting apparatus, performance can be improved by reducing melt heat load in a melting furnace, reducing melting point of a melt, shortening melting time, etc. In addition, depending on the storage capacity of the incineration ash, it is also possible to provide autonomy of operation that can independently operate the melting section and the pyrolysis and fuel gasification section of the combustible powder for a predetermined time.

(4) Exhaust gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust separation process

The holding sensible heat recovery and the dust-separation treatment process of the waste gas discharged | emitted at the process of said (1) are demonstrated.

As shown in Figure 1, the waste gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust separation process waste heat recovery boiler, thermostat constituting the sensible heat recovery and dust separation device. It is implemented by including a dust collector and an activated carbon production apparatus based on the collected soot (carbon).

Specifically, in the process of (1), the exhaust gas is introduced into the waste heat recovery boiler in a reforming range of 950 ° C. to 1050 ° C., and is recovered to about 300 ° C. in the vertical associated boiler to recover the sensible heat of the introduced exhaust gas. It recovers the sensible heat of and simultaneously produces steam. In addition, after separating the soot (carbon) accompanying the air stream of the exhaust gas to around 200 ℃ in a thermostat controlled by sprayed water by the spray device for separating, recovery and resourceization, the soot is separated and collected in the reduced exhaust gas All of them are separated and collected in the filter cloth of the dust collector.

At this time, the soot (carbon) layer collected in the dust collector filter cloth can absorb not only the dust contained in the gas passing through the dust collector, but also dioxins and heavy metals, which are harmful components, to reduce the load of removing them in a subsequent process. .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, in the activated carbon production apparatus, activated carbon treatment of soot (carbon) collected at a temperature in the range of 900 ° C to 1000 ° C, that is, pyrolysis of dioxins, evaporation of heavy metals, and activation of carbon are performed. Activated charcoal is produced, and the evaporated gas is cooled and condensed again to separate and recover the low boiling point heavy metal, and the non-condensable residual gas is sent to the pyrolysis furnace or reforming furnace, and the generated wastewater is sent to the wastewater treatment apparatus.

(5) Recycling process of dust removal fuel gas into clean fuel gas

The purification-recycling treatment step of the dust removal fuel gas which has been collected and separated in the process of the above-mentioned (4) to the clean fuel gas will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the purification-recycling process of the vibration damping fuel gas includes a quench-neutralization-washing tower, a pressurizer, a desulfurization tower, a storage tank, and a wastewater treatment constituting a gas purification treatment device for recycling the damped fuel gas. Implemented including the device.

First, the damping fuel gas in the range of 150 ° C to 200 ° C is introduced into the quench-neutralization-cleaning tower. The introduced damping fuel gas is reduced to a temperature of about 70 ° C by injection of sprayed water from the quench section (quench tower) constituting the quench-neutralization-cleaning tower, and circulated in the neutralization-cleaning unit (neutralization-cleaning tower). The washing water neutralizes and separates the acid gas contained in the vibration damping fuel gas, condenses excess water vapor, condenses extremely low boiling point heavy metal vapors, and absorbs dust that may remain. The amount of heat generated in this process is cooled to 40 ° C by cooling water circulated from the cooling tower to discharge the first refined fuel gas to the pressurizer suction side, and excess water (waste water) is discharged to the wastewater treatment device.

Then, the first refined fuel gas is further boosted to the required pressure in a pressurizer for further purification, and hydrogen sulfide is reacted with iron sulfide in a desulfurization tower using an iron oxide catalyst to remove residual harmful substances (mainly hydrogen sulfide). Remove and store in reservoir for storage and pressure-quality homogenization. And if necessary, it is withdrawn in a subsequent application process to utilize the whole quantity for various purposes.

In this case, depending on the purpose of using the clean fuel gas, if a higher purification is required, an advanced purification tower by a reactive adsorbent may be additionally installed after the desulfurization tower.

And, the wastewater generated in the neutralization-cleaning tower, as shown in Figure 3, the heavy metal and double salt (mixture of salts) is separated and recovered separately in the wastewater treatment apparatus, the treated water is neutralized discharge or, if necessary, the appropriate water purification process Recycling into industrial water through

Since the waste water is already absorbed and separated by most of the heavy metals and dioxins by the carbon powder collected by the dust collector, the waste water has a low content of heavy metals and dioxins to be treated in the wastewater treatment device, thereby making the treatment very easy. .

The desulfurization catalyst used in the desulfurization tower is regenerated-repeated even during the process operation, but the waste catalyst whose activity is deteriorated is also regenerated (fired + iron oxide coating, subsequent treatment) in a separate device, if necessary, for a longer period of time. It can be used to minimize the amount of waste to be landfilled.

(6) Production process for secondary and tertiary products using clean fuel gas

Next, the secondary and tertiary product production process using clean fuel gas will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus further includes a power generation-transmission system, a gas boiler, a multi-purpose converter, and a self-producing oxygen production apparatus using the clean fuel gas produced as the primary product through the process (5). Is implemented. Here, in the secondary products, such as electric power, steam, and multi-purpose converters, various petrochemical products can be produced as needed, and the oxygen required for its own process can be produced as a tertiary product by electric power.

In FIG. 4, the generated clean fuel gas generates a driving force in a gas engine or a complex power generation system, and then generates electric power in a generator, and supplies the power to an internal process first, and transmits the surplus to an external power grid to make full use of it. The schematic of the power generation system is shown.

In addition, FIG. 5 schematically shows the contents of the treatment process for separating the air and producing oxygen required for its own process with the power produced by itself.

In addition, the clean fuel gas produced as the primary product first uses a part of fuel gas (for oxygen-fuel burners) necessary for its own process, and the rest mainly produces various types of power-transmission such as gas engines, fuel cells, and complex power generation systems. It is used for power generation of the entire system (shown in FIG. 4), and supplies power required for its own process and oxygen generator (shown in FIG. 5), and surplus power is transmitted to the external power grid to make full use of it. Other steam, hot and cold water, and various chemical products (hydrogen, methanol, liquid fuel (DME), ammonia, urea fertilizer, ethanol, etc.) are more economical gas boilers and multipurpose conversions instead of generating and transmitting surplus fuel gas. Production can be utilized in the device.

In this process, when clean fuel gas is combusted with air at the end use depending on the use, the discharged combustion gas can satisfy the combustion conditions like the existing clean fuel gas (city gas, LPG, etc.) without any subsequent treatment of the combustion gas. It will be legally mandated in the legal regulations related to pollution.

As a result, the sector produces clean fuel gas, which is the primary product, as the combustible waste, and the secondary product, which is the raw material, as the raw material, and supplies the power (power, heater, oxygen production) necessary for its own process. In addition, the company will transmit surplus power to the external power grid and make full use of it, the activated carbon production unit that collects and separates soot to produce activated carbon, the waste water treatment unit that treats the wastewater generated in each process, and the oxygen production unit, the third product. By forming an integrated process in conjunction with each other, the efficiency of energy use is significantly increased compared to the case of distributing each of these devices, and the economic effect of using 100% of the surplus energy regardless of time and place. Can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, under the operating conditions of the pyrolysis-reforming-fuel gasification process of the present invention in which the remaining portion of the waste is pyrolyzed by partial combustion heat of the waste by oxygen to produce fuel gas, Final fuel gas production increases and oxygen consumption decreases. That is, by maintaining the appropriate amount of soot (carbon) remaining in the fuel gas, the operating cost is correspondingly reduced, and there is a characteristic that can obtain the adsorption removal effect of the harmful components (dioxin and heavy metal) of the soot.

Accordingly, in the present invention, by applying such characteristics, the temperature of the exhaust gas in the reforming furnace is maintained in the range of 950 to 1050 ° C. such that the Tar component which may lead to an operation disturbance in the subsequent process is eliminated. The operating conditions, such as steam injection amount only 1 to 1.5 times the theoretical equivalent, and the residence time (reaction time) in the reforming furnace are maintained within the range of 4 to 6 seconds, are applied. Greatly reduced.

In addition, by applying the process of pre-treatment of ash discharged from the pyrolysis furnace, once it is stored, and withdrawn again and then calcined-melt treatment, it is possible to operate the melt processing section of the ash ash and the fuel gasification section of the combustible ash independently. Provides autonomy. In addition, the pretreatment of ash (metal material recovery, crushing, fluxing, mixing of ash collected, etc.) and preheating in the kiln reduce the heat load and residence time of the melting furnace, which is a high temperature device, and reduce the melting point due to flux injection. A double effect can be obtained which greatly increases performance.

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is common in the field of the present invention that various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be evident to those who have knowledge of.

As described above, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained as compared to the existing advanced waste treatment technology.

First, the effect of using oxygen instead of air as an oxidant can be easily obtained at high temperature, the combustion-pyrolysis reaction rate is fast, and the amount of gas to be treated is reduced to less than 1/6, compared to the existing incineration process. The production cost is reduced, the thermal efficiency is greatly increased, the processing performance of harmful components is greatly improved, and the source of the generation of nitrogen oxides is eliminated, thereby reducing the installation and operation costs of the nitrogen oxide removal device.

Second, because the energy recovered in the treatment process is not a thermal energy but a chemical energy called fuel gas, it is easy to store and transport, and has a wide range of uses, making it 100% easy to use, and converting it into electric energy. Efficiency (power generation efficiency) can increase more than twice as much as the power generation efficiency generated from incineration technology to steam turbines, and the power generation efficiency generated from gas engines or gas turbines as fuel gas.

Third, since the processing process is a reducing atmosphere, the production of extremely toxic dioxin itself is suppressed, and even if produced, the residual amount in the final discharge is negligible due to the combined effect of adsorption by carbon powder generated during the pyrolysis process and regeneration by rapid cooling. Heavy metals are discharged to the extent that heavy metals are contained in most of the vitrified melts, but they are not eluted in nature, so pollution is neglected, and low-boiling heavy metals are recovered in a very small amount of condensate. It is easy to do this, and other harmful gases are also applied by high-performance treatment techniques such as wet cleaning-neutralization, catalyst desulfurization, and adsorption reaction purification. This negligible, very eco-friendly effect,

Fourthly, it is possible to obtain an economic effect that raises the efficiency of energy use by the integrated process structure in which all the unit processes for recycling all the wastes and the second, third and third product production processes such as electric power, steam oxygen, and activated carbon are combined. Can,

Fifth, by optimizing the operating conditions of the reforming furnace. It can reduce operating cost and upgrade the harmful component adsorption-separation performance.

With the above synergistic effect, it can conserve resources and environment at the same time, and obtain future value effect as oil replacement industry.

Claims (11)

A partial combustion-pyrolysis process of gasifying by partial combustion-pyrolysis of water and flammable organic matter contained in the waste; A reforming process connected to the partial combustion-pyrolysis process and reforming the pyrolyzed gas further through the partial combustion-pyrolysis process; A molten resource treatment step of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue, which is connected to the partial combustion-pyrolysis process and preprocesses the discharged ash to be melt-resourced; Connected to the reforming process, recovering the retained sensible heat of the reformed gas discharged, the exhaust gas retained sensible heat recovery and dust separation process for collecting and separating the ash and smoke accompanying the exhaust gas; A purification resource treatment process connected to the discharge gas holding sensible heat collection and dust separation treatment process and refining the discharged dust removal fuel gas into a clean fuel gas by neutralization-cleaning and desulfurization treatment; And After the process of purifying the refining resources to the clean fuel gas, the second to third product production process for producing any one or more products of power, steam, oxygen, activated carbon, petrochemical products using the clean fuel gas as a raw material Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 1, The partial combustion-pyrolysis process Further comprising the step of cooling the ash discharged by the pyrolysis Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 1, The reforming process Operating temperature is in the range of 950 ℃ to 1050 ℃ for reforming treatment, The reaction residence time in the reforming treatment is 4 to 6 seconds, The amount of steam injected to promote pyrolysis is 1 to 1.5 times the theoretical equivalent, Keep the tar component free from tar, which may be a barrier to the operation of the reforming process, and ensure that an appropriate amount of soot remains. Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 1, Melting resource process of the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue Calcining and heating the non-combustible inorganics; Melting the calcined heated non-combustible inorganics; To cool the molten melt to aggregate Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 1, The exhaust gas holding sensible heat recovery and dust separation treatment process Recovering sensible heat from the exhaust gas; Reducing the gas temperature at which the sensible heat is recovered to be suitable for a subsequent step; Separating and collecting the soot accompanying the degassed exhaust gas for separating and recovering it; From the collected soot to produce valuable carbon Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 5, The collected soot is heat-treated with steam at a temperature of 900-1000 ° C., Through pyrolysis of dioxins, evaporation, cooling, separation and recovery of low boiling heavy metals, and activation of carbon, The by-product wastewater and gas are returned to the wastewater treatment process for treating the wastewater and to the reforming process. Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 1, The recycling process of the vibration damping fuel gas into a clean fuel gas Cool, neutralize and clean the discharged exhaust gas Boosting the neutralized cleaned gas to an appropriate pressure; Desulfurization of the pressurized gas in the catalyst-packed desulfurization tower Wastewater treatment of wastewater generated in the process Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 7, wherein Inject the sprayed water to reduce the temperature around 70 ℃, Neutralizing and separating the acid gas from the gas cooled by alkaline washing water; Condensation of the accompanying excess water vapor; To condense the trace amounts of low-boiling heavy metal vapors, Absorb residual dust; After the cooling process, the first purified fuel gas is discharged at a temperature of 40 ℃; Excess moisture is discharged to waste water treatment Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 7, wherein The recycling process of the vibration damping fuel gas into a clean fuel gas It is connected to the desulfurization treatment, further comprising a highly purified treatment by a reactive adsorbent Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. The method of claim 1, The second-third product production process using the clean fuel gas as the raw material Combined generation of gas engines, gas turbines, fuel cells, transmission and reception systems, oxygen generators, gas boilers and the process of selectively producing one or more of hydrogen, methanol, DME (liquid fuel), ammonia, acetic acid and ethanol Resource recovery process for total emission-free recycling and utilization of various wastes. A partial combustion-pyrolysis apparatus for gasifying by partial combustion-pyrolysis of water and flammable organic matter contained in the waste; A reforming apparatus connected to the partial combustion pyrolysis apparatus and reforming the pyrolyzed gas further through the partial combustion pyrolysis apparatus; A molten resource treatment apparatus for the partial combustion-pyrolysis residue, which is connected to the partial combustion-pyrolysis apparatus and melt resources the ash; A reforming furnace exhaust gas retaining sensible heat recovery and dust collecting separator connected to the reforming apparatus and recovering sensible heat of exhaust gas and collecting dust; The reforming furnace is connected to the effluent gas holding sensible heat recovery and the dust separation and treatment apparatus, and includes a neutralization-cleaning tower and a desulfurization tower, and purifying the refining resource gas to purify the dedusting fuel gas into clean fuel gas in the neutralization-cleaning tower and the desulfurization tower. Device; And Including a production device connected to the refining resource processing device for clean fuel gas, and producing the secondary-tertiary products from the clean fuel gas, Integrating the devices as a whole to form an integrated process Resource recovery processing system for total discharge of all kinds of waste-resource-utilization.

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