CN108729965B - Power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chain and CO 2 Trapping method - Google Patents
Power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chain and CO 2 Trapping method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108729965B CN108729965B CN201810586670.4A CN201810586670A CN108729965B CN 108729965 B CN108729965 B CN 108729965B CN 201810586670 A CN201810586670 A CN 201810586670A CN 108729965 B CN108729965 B CN 108729965B
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000001926 trapping method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/81—Solid phase processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
- B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
- B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L2900/00—Special arrangements for supplying or treating air or oxidant for combustion; Injecting inert gas, water or steam into the combustion chamber
- F23L2900/15043—Preheating combustion air by heat recovery means located in the chimney, e.g. for home heating devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/32—Direct CO2 mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
The invention discloses a power generation system and CO of partial oxygen-enriched combustion combined with a calcium-based chain 2 The trapping method adopts a partial oxygen-enriched method with the mixed gas of air, oxygen and recirculated flue gas as combustion improver to lead the flue gas CO at the outlet of the boiler to be 2 The gas concentration is increased to 30-60%, the flue gas enters a chemical looping combustion post-capturing device based on calcium base, the reactivity of the calcium base is greatly improved, and CO 2 The capturing efficiency reaches more than 95 percent, and the total generating capacity is improved. The invention gives consideration to the oxygen production cost, the carbon carrier cost, the energy consumption and the CO 2 The comprehensive efficiency of the capturing efficiency is optimal, and the two advanced carbon capturing technologies of partial oxygen-enriched combustion and calcium-based chemical chains are combined, so that the method has the advantages of being good in economy, simple in process, low in energy consumption, high in carbon capturing efficiency and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The CO of the coal-fired power generation technology and the power industry 2 The capture field, in particular to a coal-fired power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chemical chains and CO 2 A trapping method.
Background
Since industrial civilization, CO in the earth's atmosphere 2 Concentration is steep due to human production activitiesRising. China has a large population, relatively low economic development level, is in an important stage of industrialization and urbanization for accelerating development, and is CO 2 The control of (c) faces a great deal of stress and special difficulties. The power production is a concentrated CO 2 Emission source, control and mitigation of CO in power production 2 Emissions are of great significance for solving the problem of greenhouse effect. According to the investigation of the inter-government climate change Commission (IPCC), the carbon capture and sequestration technology (CCS) technology is applied to the fuel energy utilization process, and the global CO can be obtained 2 The emission is reduced by 20-40%, which can positively influence the reduction of climate change.
CO of electric power industry 2 The trapping mainly comprises 3 technical routes of pre-combustion trapping, post-combustion trapping and oxygen-enriched combustion trapping. Wherein the oxyfuel Combustion technique is also called as oxyfuel Combustion technique (Oxy-Fuel Combustion), and refers to that a part of flue gas discharged from tail portion of boiler is fed into front of furnace by means of recirculation system, and is mixed with high-concentration oxygen (O) 2 The content is more than 95 percent) according to a certain proportion, carrying fuel into a hearth for combustion through a burner, and completing the heat transfer process. The attractive force of oxygen-enriched combustion is that the smoke amount is small and CO 2 The concentration is improved, no solvent is needed, and the compression cooling recovery of CO in a large scale and low cost is convenient 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The system equipment is relatively small in size, has good acceptance with the existing power plant in the mainstream technology, is suitable for the existing reconstruction and new unit, and is easy to accept by the power industry.
However, because oxygen-enriched combustion requires a large amount of pure oxygen for fuel combustion, the energy consumption of the air separator applied to industrialization at present is too high, so that the efficiency of the whole plant is reduced by about 8-10%, the power generation cost is greatly increased, and the development of the technology is severely restricted. In addition, oxygen-enriched combustion can lead to higher temperature in the boiler, so that a recirculation fan with new high power is needed, a large amount of circulating smoke is introduced to maintain the combustion temperature, and the furnace body is also needed to be made of high-temperature resistant materials. The partial oxygen-enriched combustion adopts a mode of mixing air, oxygen and circulating smoke gas, so that the furnace temperature is reduced, and the required oxygen amount and the required circulating smoke gas amount are reduced, thereby reducing the energy consumption of an air separator and a circulating fan and also reducingThe requirements on the materials of the furnace body and the burner are met, and the cost of the boiler and the burner is reduced. But partial oxygenized combustion causes boiler outlet flue gas CO 2 Concentration is reduced, CO is reduced 2 Capture rate.
Chemical looping combustion based on calcium base is provided with CO 2 Separation characteristic, and is independently used as a post-combustion capturing mode, and a carbon carrier and CO 2 Smoke with the concentration of about 10 to 15 percent has slightly poorer reactivity and CO 2 The capture rate is not high, but the method is convenient for being coupled with other systems to realize CO 2 High-efficiency capturing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the prior art and provide a power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of a calcium-based chain, which effectively reduces oxygen demand and oxygen production energy consumption while realizing the partial oxygen-enriched combustion process and captures CO after realizing the combustion based on the calcium-based chemical chain 2 At the same time of enhancing the reactivity of the carbon carrier and improving CO 2 Capturing efficiency and power generation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a CO based on the above power generation system 2 A trapping method.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: a power generation system incorporating partial oxyfuel combustion of a calcium-based chain, comprising: flue gas circulation part oxygen-enriched coal-fired boiler, main steam power generation system, calcium-based chemical looping combustion post-capture device, CO 2 Cooling the compression device and the air separator;
the air separator is respectively connected with the coal-fired boiler and the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device, one path of flue gas of the coal-fired boiler enters the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device, and then the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device continues to be connected with CO 2 The cooling compression device is connected; and the coal-fired boiler is connected with the main steam power generation system.
Preferably, partial oxygen-enriched combustion is carried out in the coal-fired boiler, and the generated heat is circulated through main steam and water to drive a main turbine (6) to do work and a main generator (17) to generate power.
Preferably, the flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is sequentially connected with the air preheater (2) and the dust remover (3), the dust remover is connected back to the air preheater (2) through the main circulating fan (5), the flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) passes through the air preheater (2) and the dust remover (3), and the flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) enters the air preheater (2) through the main circulating fan (5) along a first path and then enters the coal-fired boiler after being mixed with the oxygen prepared by the preheated air and the air separator.
Further, the dust remover (3) is continuously connected with the cold circulation fan (7), the second path of flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) is used as the coal-fired conveying power of the coal bunker, and the flue gas is conveyed into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler (1) through the cold circulation fan (7) carrying the coal dust.
Further, the dust remover (3) is continuously connected with the compressor (8), the heat exchanger (9) and the induced draft fan (10), and the third path of flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) enters the chemical-looping combustion post-capturing device through the compressor (8), the heat exchanger (9) and the induced draft fan (10).
Preferably, the outlet of the dust remover (3) is connected with the desulfurization equipment (4), the desulfurization equipment (4) is connected with the cold circulation fan (7), the second path of flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) is used as the coal-fired conveying power of the coal bunker, and after flowing through the desulfurization equipment (4), the flue gas is conveyed into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler (1) through carrying coal dust by the cold circulation fan (7).
Further, the desulfurization equipment (4) is continuously connected with the compressor (8), the heat exchanger (9) and the induced draft fan (10), and the flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) enters the chemical looping combustion after-catching device through the compressor (8), the heat exchanger (9) and the induced draft fan (10) after being purified by the desulfurization equipment (4).
Preferably, the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device comprises a calcination reactor (12), carbon-carrying body circulation heat exchange equipment (13) and an absorption reactor (11) which are connected in sequence, wherein one path of oxygen prepared by an air separator (19) is sent into the calcination reactor (12) to be combusted with coal, and is CaCO 3 One path of flue gas of the coal-fired boiler enters an absorption reactor (11) to remove impurities including CO in the absorption reactor (11) by calcining to provide heat 2 And SO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Generated CaCO 3 The waste gas enters a calcination reactor (12) through a carbon-loaded body circulation heat exchange device (13) for cracking and regeneration.
Preferably, the chemical looping combustion post-capture device is connected with a secondary steam power generation systemComprises a steam-water system, a secondary turbine (14) and a secondary generator (18), wherein the outlet of an absorption reactor (11) is connected with a flue gas cooler (20), a calcination reactor (12) is connected with a carbon dioxide cooler (15), and the purified flue gas at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) and the high-purity CO of the calcination reactor (12) are connected with a flue gas cooler 2 The gas temperature is high, and the carried heat is recycled through the flue gas cooler (20) and the carbon dioxide cooler (15) respectively so as to increase the power generation amount of the secondary steam power generation system.
Preferably, the high-temperature purified flue gas which is subjected to decarburization and desulfurization at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) is discharged after being cooled by a flue gas cooler (20) and a heat exchanger (9) in sequence.
Preferably, the dust collector (3) is also connected with an ash bucket (21).
Preferably, the air separator (19) adopts a cryogenic method to prepare oxygen with the purity of more than 90 percent.
Power generation system CO combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chain 2 The trapping method adopts a partial oxygen-enriched method with the mixed gas of air, oxygen and recirculated flue gas as combustion improver to lead the flue gas CO at the outlet of the boiler to be 2 The gas concentration is increased to 30-60%, the flue gas enters a chemical looping combustion post-capturing device based on calcium base, and then CO is deeply removed 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) Compared with the independent oxygen-enriched combustion technology, the method can reduce the required oxygen amount and the circulating smoke amount, thereby reducing the energy consumption of an air separator and a circulating fan, reducing the requirements on furnace body and combustor materials, being beneficial to reducing the cost of a boiler and a combustor and increasing the generated energy.
(2) The partial oxygen-enriched combustion technology is integrated with the chemical looping combustion technology based on the calcium looping, and compared with the single chemical looping combustion after-capture technology, the CO in the flue gas after partial oxygen-enriched circulating combustion 2 Concentration elevation, calcium-based adsorbent and CO 2 The reactivity of the catalyst is improved, and CO in the boiler exhaust gas is effectively controlled 2 The concentration is further enriched to more than 95%.
(3) The second path of circulating flue gas is used as the coal-fired conveying power of the coal bunker, and is conveyed into the hearth of the coal-fired boiler by carrying the coal dust through the cold circulating fan, so that the energy consumption of coal dust conveying is saved, and the stable combustion of the boiler is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment system architecture.
In fig. 1: 1-a boiler; 2-an air preheater; 3-dust remover; 4-desulfurization equipment; 5-a main circulation fan; 6-a main turbine; 7-a cold circulation fan; 8-a compressor; 9-a heat exchanger; 10-induced draft fan; 11-an absorption reactor; 12-calcining the reactor; 13-carbon-carrying body circulation heat exchange equipment; 14-times of steam turbines; 15-carbon dioxide cooler, 16-carbon dioxide compressor; 17-a main generator; 18-generating a secondary generator; 19-an air separator; 20-flue gas cooler, 21-ash bucket.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
Coal-fired power generation system and CO (carbon monoxide) combined with partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chemical chain 2 The trapping method adopts a partial oxygen-enriched method with the mixed gas of air, oxygen and recirculated flue gas as combustion improver to lead the flue gas CO at the outlet of the boiler to be 2 The gas concentration is increased to 30-60%, the flue gas enters a chemical looping combustion post-capturing device based on calcium base, and then CO is deeply removed 2 。
The coal-fired power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chemical chains mainly comprises a flue gas circulation partial oxygen-enriched coal-fired boiler, a flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device, a main steam power generation system, a calcium-based chemical chain post-combustion capturing device, a secondary steam power generation system and CO 2 Cooling the compression device and the air separator.
Boiler outlet flue gas CO 2 The gas concentration ratio can be optimally controlled by adjusting the ratio of air, oxygen and recirculated flue gas, partial oxygen-enriched combustion is carried out in the coal-fired boiler (1), the generated heat can be circulated through main steam and water to drive the main steam turbine (6) to do work, and the main generator (17) generates power.
The air separator (19) adopts a cryogenic method to prepare oxygen with purity of more than 90%, the high-concentration oxygen is divided into two paths, and one path of oxygen is mixed with preheated air and part of circulating flue gas after dust removal and purification and then is sent into the coal-fired boiler (1) for coal combustion; the other path of oxygen is sent into a calcination reactor (12) to burn with coal, and is CaCO 3 Calcination provides heat.
The flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) passes through an air preheater (2) and a dust remover (3), and part of the flue gas enters the air preheater (2) through a main circulating fan (5) and enters a hearth after being mixed with preheated air and oxygen; the second path of circulating flue gas is used as the coal-fired conveying power of a coal bunker, and after flowing through the desulfurization equipment (4), the second path of circulating flue gas carries coal dust to a hearth through a cold circulating fan (7), and under the traditional air combustion condition, the oxygen content in the air is relatively high, so that the highest powder feeding temperature can not exceed 120 ℃ in order to prevent the coal mill from explosion; the circulating flue gas is used for powder feeding under the condition of oxygen-enriched combustion, because the oxygen content in the flue gas is very low, explosion danger cannot occur, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the pulverizer can be about 200 ℃; the residual purified flue gas sequentially flows through a compressor (8), a heat exchanger (9) and an induced draft fan (10) and enters an absorption reactor (11) of the chemical looping combustion post-capture system at a higher temperature.
The calcium-based chemical looping combustion post-capturing device mainly comprises an absorption reactor (11), a calcination reactor (12) and carbon-carrying body circulation heat exchange equipment (13), wherein the flue gas is subjected to CO removal in the absorption reactor (11) 2 And SO 2 The reaction temperature of the impurities is 650 ℃; generated CaCO 3 The mixture is fed into a calcination reactor (12) through a carbon-loaded body circulation heat exchange device (13) for pyrolysis and regeneration, and the calcination temperature is about 1000 ℃.
CaCO in the calcination reactor (12) 3 The decomposition is a strongly endothermic process, the heat is provided by the reaction of coal with pure oxygen from an air separator (19), while the absorption reactor (11) is a strongly exothermic reaction, and the excess heat generated is used for power generation by a steam-water system and a secondary turbine (14).
In the scheme, the high-temperature purified flue gas which is subjected to decarburization and desulfurization at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) is discharged after being cooled by the flue gas cooler (20) and the heat exchanger (9) in sequence.
Because the chemical chain is a high-temperature normal-pressure process, the purified flue gas at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) and the high-purity CO of the calcination reactor (12) are treated by the method 2 The gas temperature is higher, and the carried heat can be recycled through the flue gas cooler (20) and the carbon dioxide cooler (15) respectively, so that the work load of the secondary turbine (14) and the power generation of the secondary generator (18) are increased.
In the scheme, the dust removing equipment comprises a dust remover (3) and an ash bucket (21), wherein the inlet of the dust remover (3) is connected with the air preheater (2), and the outlet of the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization equipment (4). SO reduction due to partial oxygen enrichment of fuel 2 The sulfides are removed, and the subsequent calcium-based chemical chain capturing mode has a certain purifying effect on the sulfides, so that if the fuel used is low-sulfur coal, the desulfurization equipment (4) based on the wet desulfurization method can be omitted, and the outlet of the dust remover (3) is directly connected with the compressor (8). If the fuel used in the power plant is high-sulfur coal or medium-sulfur coal, the desulfurization equipment (4) still needs to be reserved in order to ensure that the latest and most strict emission standard of the gas pollutants in the power plant is met in China.
Example 2
As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a coal-fired power generation system incorporating partial oxyfuel combustion of a calcium-based chemical chain. As shown in FIG. 1, the mixed gas of air, oxygen and recirculated flue gas is used as combustion improver, wherein the mass flow rate of the oxygen is 96.4kg/s, the circulating flue gas amount is 616kg/s, the flue gas circulating proportion is 72%, and the mass flow rate of the preheated air is 100.2kg/s, so that the flue gas CO at the outlet of the boiler 2 The gas concentration is increased to 45%, the flue gas enters a chemical looping combustion post-capturing device based on calcium base for deep removal of CO 2 The capturing efficiency of the device is improved to 97.6%.
The coal-fired power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chemical chains mainly comprises a flue gas circulation partial oxygen-enriched coal-fired boiler, a flue gas dust removal and desulfurization device, a main steam power generation system, a calcium-based chemical chain post-combustion capturing device, a secondary steam power generation system and CO 2 Cooling compression device and air separator。
Part of oxygen-enriched combustion is carried out in the coal-fired boiler (1), the generated heat can drive the main steam turbine (6) to do work through the main steam-water circulation, the main generator (17) generates electricity, and the net electricity generation amount is 502.3MW.
The air separator (19) adopts a cryogenic method to prepare oxygen with the purity of 95%, the high-concentration oxygen is divided into two paths, and one path of oxygen is mixed with preheated air and part of circulating flue gas after dust removal and purification and then is sent into the coal-fired boiler (1) for coal combustion; the other path of oxygen is sent into a calcination reactor (12) to burn with coal, and is CaCO 3 Calcination provides heat. The mass flow rates of the two paths of oxygen are 96.35kg/s and 61.0kg/s respectively.
The flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) passes through an air preheater (2) and a dust remover (3), and the first path of circulating flue gas enters the air preheater (2) through a main circulating fan (5) and enters a hearth after being mixed with preheated air and oxygen; the second path of circulating flue gas is taken as the coal-fired conveying power of a coal bunker, after flowing through desulfurization equipment (4), coal dust is carried by a cold circulating fan (7) and is sent into a hearth, the total mass flow of the circulating flue gas is 616kg/s, the ratio of the first path of circulating flue gas to the second path of circulating flue gas is 8:2, the coal dust is 42kg/s, the oxygen content in air is relatively high under the traditional air combustion condition, and the maximum powder-feeding temperature cannot exceed 120 ℃ in order to prevent explosion of a coal mill; the circulating flue gas is used for powder feeding under the condition of oxygen-enriched combustion, because the oxygen content in the flue gas is very low, explosion danger cannot occur, and the temperature of the flue gas entering the pulverizer can be about 200 ℃; the residual flue gas sequentially flows through a compressor (8), a heat exchanger (9) and an induced draft fan (10) and enters an absorption reactor (11) of a chemical looping combustion post-capture system at 170 ℃, and the mass flow of the residual flue gas is 240kg/s.
The calcium-based chemical looping combustion post-capturing device mainly comprises an absorption reactor (11), a calcination reactor (12) and carbon-carrying body circulation heat exchange equipment (13), wherein the flue gas is subjected to CO removal in the absorption reactor (11) 2 And SO 2 The reaction temperature of the impurities is 650 ℃; generated CaCO 3 The mixture is fed into a calcination reactor (12) through a carbon-loaded body circulation heat exchange device (13) for pyrolysis and regeneration, and the calcination temperature is about 1000 ℃.
CaCO in the calcination reactor (12) 3 The decomposition is a strongly endothermic process, the heat being provided by the reaction of coal with pure oxygen from the air separator (19), the amount of oxygen and the amount of coal fines entering being 61.3kg/s and 23.4kg/s, respectively. The absorption reactor (11) is a strong exothermic reaction, and the generated superfluous heat is used for generating electricity through a steam-water system and a secondary steam turbine (14).
The high-temperature purified flue gas which is subjected to decarburization and desulfurization at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) is discharged after being cooled by the flue gas cooler (20) and the heat exchanger (9) in sequence.
Because the chemical chain is a high-temperature normal-pressure process, the purified flue gas at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) and the high-purity CO of the calcination reactor (12) are treated by the method 2 The gas temperature is higher, and the carried heat can be recycled through the flue gas cooler (20) and the carbon dioxide cooler (15) respectively so as to increase the work load of the secondary turbine (14) and the power generation of the secondary generator (18), and the net power generation of the secondary generator (18) is 126.5MW.
The dust removing equipment comprises a dust remover (3) and an ash bucket (21), wherein the inlet of the dust remover (3) is connected with the air preheater (2), and the outlet of the dust remover is connected with the desulfurization equipment (4). In this embodiment, the fuel used in the power plant is typical medium sulfur bituminous coal, and the components and the heat values are shown in table 1, so as to ensure that the requirements of China on the latest and most strict emission standard of the gas pollutants in the power plant are met, and the desulfurization equipment (4) still needs to be reserved.
Table 1 characteristics of coal
To fully evaluate system performance, simulations were performed using Aspen Plus simulation. Compared with the conventional air-fired supercritical coal-fired unit (the thermal efficiency is reduced to 38.5%, the total power generation amount is increased to 478.6 MW), the thermal efficiency of the coal-fired power generation system combined with the partial oxygen-enriched combustion of the calcium-based chemical chain is reduced to 29.8%, but the total power generation amount is increased to 622.2MW. Coal-fired power generation system and CO combined with partial oxygen-enriched combustion of calcium-based chemical chain 2 Trapping method, CO 2 The capture efficiency of (2) is 97.6%, which is obviously higher than that of about 90% of CO of the oxygen-enriched combustion technology 2 Capture efficiency, and calcium-based chemical looping combustion capture technologyAbout 80 to 85% CO 2 Capturing efficiency.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A power generation system incorporating partial oxyfuel combustion of a calcium-based chain, comprising: flue gas circulation part oxygen-enriched coal-fired boiler, main steam power generation system, calcium-based chemical looping combustion post-capture device, CO 2 Cooling the compression device and the air separator;
the air separator is respectively connected with the coal-fired boiler and the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device, one path of flue gas of the coal-fired boiler enters the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device, and then the chemical looping combustion post-capturing device continues to be connected with CO 2 The cooling compression device is connected; simultaneously, the coal-fired boiler is connected with a main steam power generation system;
the chemical chain combustion post-capturing device comprises a calcination reactor (12), carbon-carrying body circulation heat exchange equipment (13) and an absorption reactor (11) which are sequentially connected, wherein one path of oxygen prepared by an air separator (19) is sent into the calcination reactor (12) to be burnt with coal, and is CaCO 3 One path of flue gas of the coal-fired boiler enters an absorption reactor (11) to remove impurities including CO in the absorption reactor (11) by calcining to provide heat 2 And SO 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Generated CaCO 3 The waste gas enters a calcination reactor (12) through a carbon-loaded body circulation heat exchange device (13) for cracking and regeneration;
the chemical looping combustion post-capture device is connected with a secondary steam power generation system, the secondary steam power generation system comprises a steam-water system, a secondary steam turbine (14) and a secondary power generator (18), an outlet of an absorption reactor (11) is connected with a flue gas cooler (20), a calcination reactor (12) is connected with a carbon dioxide cooler (15), and purified flue gas at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) and high-purity CO of the calcination reactor (12) are connected with each other 2 The heat carried by the gas is recycled by the flue gas cooler (20) and the carbon dioxide cooler (15) respectively toAnd the generating capacity of the secondary steam power generation system is increased.
2. The power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of the calcium-based chain according to claim 1, wherein the partial oxygen-enriched combustion is performed in a coal-fired boiler, the generated heat is circulated through main steam and water to drive a main turbine (6) to do work, and a main generator (17) generates power.
3. The power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of a calcium-based chain according to claim 1, wherein a flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is sequentially connected with an air preheater (2) and a dust remover (3), the dust remover is connected back to the air preheater (2) through a main circulating fan (5), flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) passes through the air preheater (2) and the dust remover (3), and a first flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) enters the air preheater (2) through the main circulating fan (5) and is mixed with oxygen prepared by preheated air and an air separator to enter the coal-fired boiler.
4. The power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of a calcium-based chain according to claim 3, wherein the dust remover (3) is continuously connected with a cold circulation fan (7), the second path of flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) is used as the coal-fired conveying power of a coal bunker, and the flue gas is carried with pulverized coal by the cold circulation fan (7) to be conveyed into a hearth of the coal-fired boiler (1).
5. A power generation system combining partial oxyfuel combustion of a calcium-based chain according to claim 3, wherein the dust remover (3) is continuously connected with the compressor (8), the heat exchanger (9) and the induced draft fan (10), and the flue gas at the outlet of the coal-fired boiler (1) enters the post-chemical-chain combustion capturing device through the compressor (8), the heat exchanger (9) and the induced draft fan (10).
6. The power generation system combining partial oxyfuel combustion of a calcium-based chain according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the outlet of the dust remover (3) is connected with a desulfurization device (4), and the desulfurization device (4) is connected with a cold circulation fan (7) and a compressor (8).
7. The power generation system combining partial oxygen-enriched combustion of a calcium-based chain according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature purified flue gas which has been decarbonized and desulfurized at the outlet of the absorption reactor (11) is discharged after being cooled by the flue gas cooler (20) and the heat exchanger (9) in order.
8. CO based on the power generation system of claim 1 2 The trapping method is characterized by that it adopts the partial oxygen-enriched method using the mixed gas of air, oxygen and recirculated flue gas as combustion adjuvant to make the flue gas CO of outlet of coal-fired boiler 2 The gas concentration is increased to 30-60%, the flue gas enters a chemical looping combustion post-capturing device based on calcium base, and then CO is deeply removed 2 。
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