CN216384152U - Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of coal-fired boiler2Trapping and utilizing system - Google Patents
Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of coal-fired boiler2Trapping and utilizing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216384152U CN216384152U CN202123019819.7U CN202123019819U CN216384152U CN 216384152 U CN216384152 U CN 216384152U CN 202123019819 U CN202123019819 U CN 202123019819U CN 216384152 U CN216384152 U CN 216384152U
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 191
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035425 carbon utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of a coal-fired boiler2The trapping and utilizing system comprises a pulverized coal supply device, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, an oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device, a nitrogen compressor, a carbon-based gas mixer, a gas heat exchanger, a coal-fired boiler, a chimney, a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, a blower, a CO2Purification apparatus, CO2Deoxygenation device and CO2A compressor. The utility model has excellent performance in the aspects of yield increase, energy conservation and emission reduction, can reduce the unit consumption of steam and coal powder by 3-10%, improve the yield by 3-10%, reduce the emission of flue gas and realize NOx、SO2And (4) ultralow emission.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of combustion, in particular to carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of a coal-fired boiler2A capture and utilization system.
Background
As global warming comes into contact with various aspects such as ecological safety, water resource safety, grain safety and the like, the risk of extreme climate disasters is increased, and the living environment of human beings is seriously threatened. The emission of greenhouse gases is the most important factor causing global warming, wherein CO2The greenhouse effect produced is more than 70% of all greenhouse gases, so CO2The emission reduction is an urgent problem to be solved, and is important for controlling the greenhouse effect and slowing down the global warming.
At present, most of coal-fired boilers adopt air for combustion supporting, only 21% of oxygen in the air participates in combustion, 78% of nitrogen does not participate in combustion, a large amount of nitrogen is heated wastefully and is discharged into the atmosphere at high temperature, so that a large amount of heat loss is caused, and fuel consumption is high; meanwhile, nitrogen also reacts with oxygen at high temperature to generate NOx，NOxThe gas is discharged into the atmosphere to easily form acid rain to cause environmental pollution.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO for a coal-fired boiler2A trapping and utilizing system to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.
The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of coal-fired boiler2A capture and utilization system comprising:
a pulverized coal supply device for supplying pulverized coal;
the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used for producing hydrogen and oxygen;
an oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device for preparing oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen gas;
the nitrogen compressor is used for pressurizing and conveying the nitrogen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device to a downstream nitrogen utilization device;
the carbon-based gas mixer is used for mixing the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas preparation device and the circulating flue gas conveyed by the blower to prepare carbon-based gas;
the gas heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the carbon-based gas and the circulating flue gas provided by the carbon-based gas mixer so as to recover the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to heat the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas;
a coal-fired boiler;
the chimney is used for emptying part of the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler and emptying the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler under the abnormal working condition;
the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is used for dehydrating and desulfurizing the circulating flue gas after all or part of waste heat is recovered;
the blower is used for pressurizing and conveying part of the circulating flue gas subjected to waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization to the carbon-based gas mixer;
CO2the purification device is used for purifying the circulating flue gas after partial waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization;
CO2a deoxidizing device for purifying and deoxidizing the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and purification to prepare CO2Producing a product;
CO2compressor for compressing CO2CO from a deoxygenator2Product pressurized delivery to downstream CO2A utilization device;
the circulating flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the circulating flue gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is respectively connected with a chimney and a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is respectively connected with a blower and CO2The purification device is connected; the blower is connected with the carbon-based gas mixer, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the blower and the carbon-based gas mixer; oxygen gas of water electrolysis hydrogen production deviceThe outlet, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer are connected, and flow regulating valves are arranged on connecting pipelines of the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer; the carbon-based gas mixer is connected with the gas heat exchanger, a flow detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, an oxygen purity detector and a flow regulating valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the carbon-based gas mixer and the gas heat exchanger, and a carbon-based gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with the coal-fired boiler; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the hydrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with a coal-fired boiler, and the outlet of the coal powder supply device is connected with the coal-fired boiler;
CO2purification apparatus, CO2Deoxygenation device and CO2Compressor connected in sequence, CO2Compressor connected to downstream CO2The utilization device and the water outlet of the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device are connected with the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device; the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is connected with a nitrogen compressor, and the nitrogen compressor is connected to a downstream nitrogen utilization device.
Further, the carbon-based gas mixer comprises an outer cylinder, one end of the outer cylinder is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas inlet pipe and a circulating flue gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the outer cylinder is provided with a carbon-based gas outlet pipe; a gas distributor is arranged at the end of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe and the circulating flue gas inlet pipe in the outer cylinder, the gas distributor is a circular plate, and a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the circular plate; a gas collector is arranged at the end close to the carbon-based gas outlet pipe in the outer barrel, the gas collector is in a hollow circular truncated cone shape, the large circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is a circular plate, a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the circular plate, and the small circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is opened and communicated with the carbon-based gas outlet pipe; a plurality of transverse fins and vertical fins are distributed at intervals between the gas distributor and the gas collector in the outer barrel.
Furthermore, the carbon-based gas mixer is made of stainless steel.
Further, the air blower is a variable frequency air blower.
Further, the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device and an external green electric device are connected.
Further, the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-rich preparation device is also connected to the inlet of the blower.
Further, the original primary air fan and secondary air fan are connected to the gas heat exchanger.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the utility model utilizes the circulating flue gas (CO)230-60 v% concentration, water removal) and oxygen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the oxygen/oxygen-enriched water electrolysis hydrogen production device are prepared into carbon-based gas with the oxygen concentration suitable for the coal-fired boiler, the carbon-based gas is used as combustion-supporting gas of the coal-fired boiler, meanwhile, coal powder and hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are used as fuels, and a high-temperature combustion area of the coal-fired boiler is formed by circulating CO in flue gas2Replaces or partially replaces nitrogen in combustion air, avoids or reduces the generation of thermal nitrogen oxide in the combustion process, realizes the ultralow emission of the nitrogen oxide, and can cooperatively remove SO2The radiation intensity in the coal-fired boiler is greatly improved, and the remarkable effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved; meanwhile, the oxygen content in the carbon-based gas entering the coal-fired boiler can be adjusted according to the change of the raw material and the change of the furnace temperature, the combustion effect is effectively enhanced, the reaction is more complete, the yield is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced. In addition, because the CO of the circulating flue gas is improved2To a concentration of (30 to 60% by volume, water was removed) of (C) so that CO was present2Easier capture, creation of favorable conditions for low cost CCUS (carbon capture, carbon utilization, carbon storage), captured CO2Can be used for oil field exploitation and sealing, steel slag mineralization, concrete mineralization, red mud solidification, chemical industry (mainly including production of methanol, urea, carbonate, carbon monoxide and other products), and food CO2Storage and preservation, etc., realizes CO2Partial recovery, reduction of CO2The greenhouse effect is reduced. The utility model has excellent performance in the aspects of increasing yield, saving energy and reducing emission, can reduce the unit consumption of steam and coal powder by 3-10%, improve the yield by 3-10%, reduce the emission of flue gas and realize NOx、SO2And (4) ultralow emission.
2. The green electricity generated by renewable energy is used for supplying power to the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device to prepare oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen by adopting a deep cooling method, so that the carbon emission is further reduced, the greenhouse effect is reduced, and the green energy-saving effect is achieved.
3. The utility model uses hydrogen and coal powder prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device as fuels, uses the hydrogen for the combustion of the coal-fired boiler, increases the moisture generated in the combustion process, saves water resources by cooling, condensing and recycling, and is more environment-friendly.
4. The carbon-based gas mixer is characterized in that a gas distributor is arranged at one near end part in an outer cylinder, a gas collector is arranged at the other near end part, a plurality of transverse fins and vertical fins are distributed between the gas distributor and the gas collector at intervals, oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and circulating flue gas enter the outer cylinder from respective gas inlet pipes, pass through small holes uniformly distributed on the gas distributor after being preliminarily mixed in front of the gas distributor, then pass through the transverse fins and the vertical fins distributed at intervals to be uniformly mixed, and then pass through the small holes uniformly distributed on the gas collector and enter a carbon-based gas outlet pipe after being collected. The oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are mixed in two steps, firstly, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are preliminarily mixed in front of the gas distributor, and then the flowing direction of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas after preliminary mixing is continuously changed in two fins distributed at intervals, so that the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are fully mixed uniformly, and the mixing effect is enhanced. The small holes uniformly distributed on the gas distributor enable the primarily mixed gas to enter uniformly, bias flow is not easy, and uniform mixing of the second step is facilitated. The gas collector is round platform shape, does benefit to the collection of the gaseous after the misce bene, and gas collector has the horizontal fin of support and vertical fin simultaneously, prevents the effect that the fin from getting into carbon back gas outlet pipe.
5. The utility model utilizes the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to exchange heat with the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas, can improve the temperature of the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas by 30-50 ℃, improves the combustion efficiency and reduces the fuel consumption.
6. The circulating flue gas of the utility model is CO enriched by circulation2The concentration is 30-60 v%, and the waste heat of the gas heat exchanger is recovered and then is dehydrated by flue gasAnd the circulating flue gas after cooling, dehydration and desulfurization reduces CO2Dew point corrosion of equipment such as pipelines and blowers. When carbon-based gas is simultaneously added, oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas without water is added in the circulating flue gas, the dew point of the circulating flue gas is reduced, and CO is further reduced2Dew point corrosion of equipment such as pipelines and blowers.
7. The optimization of the combustion environment ensures that the temperature distribution in the coal-fired boiler is more reasonable, and the service life of the coal-fired boiler is effectively prolonged.
8. The utility model can not only increase the flame blackness, accelerate the combustion speed, increase the flame temperature, fully burn out unburnt substances carried in the smoke and reduce the smoke blackness. The combustible harmful gas generated by the combustion decomposition and the formation can be fully combusted, and the generation of the harmful gas can be reduced. The exhaust gas temperature and the exhaust gas amount are obviously reduced, and the thermal pollution is reduced.
9. The utility model is implemented without changing the structure of the coal-fired boiler body, and only partially optimizes and reforms the combustion-supporting system, the combustion system and the circulating flue gas system. Meanwhile, the original primary fan and the original secondary fan are still kept, and when the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the water electrolysis hydrogen production device are in abnormal conditions, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the water electrolysis hydrogen production device can be switched to air for combustion supporting without disturbance, so that normal oxygen supply and combustion of the coal-fired boiler are ensured.
10. The nitrogen gas byproduct of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device can be used in downstream devices, such as oil field auxiliary oil extraction, lithium battery production, chemical industry (mainly including liquid ammonia production, liquefied liquid nitrogen production, replacement gas or protective gas production and the like). Nitrogen may also be provided to replace the purge blower and the front and back lines during shutdown.
11. The utility model adopts carbon-based gas to replace 40-100% (small-scale coal-fired boiler can be replaced completely, large-scale coal-fired boiler can be replaced partially) combustion air, thereby avoiding or reducing the generation of thermal nitrogen oxide in the combustion process, completely replacing the denitration device which can stop running, partially replacing the denitration device and reducing the denitration operation cost, reducing the investment cost and the operation cost of the denitration device when a new boiler is built, and realizing the ultralow emission of the nitrogen oxide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon-based gas mixer.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gas distributor structure in a carbon-based gas mixer (a front side, b side).
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a gas collector structure in a carbon-based gas mixer (a front side, b side).
Detailed Description
The utility model is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The following examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of coal-fired boiler2The trapping and utilizing system comprises a pulverized coal supply device 12, a water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, an oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device 2, a nitrogen compressor 10, a carbon-based gas mixer 5, a gas heat exchanger 6, a coal-fired boiler 7, a chimney 11, a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8, a blower 4, CO, as shown in figure 12 Purification device 13, CO2Deoxygenator 3 and CO2A compressor 9.
A pulverized coal supply device 12 for supplying pulverized coal.
The water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is a conventional water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 in the field, hydrogen and oxygen are prepared by a water electrolysis process, the purity of the hydrogen is more than 99.9 v%, the purity of the oxygen is more than 99.2 v%, and free water is not contained in the oxygen. The water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 preferably uses green electricity generated by an external green electricity device, wherein the green electricity device generates electricity by using renewable energy sources such as wind power, solar energy, biomass or geothermal energy, and the obtained electricity is green electricity. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is heated by the gas heat exchanger 6 and then sent to the coal-fired boiler 7 to be used as fuel together with coal powder, and the proportion of the hydrogen in the total fuel quantity is generally determined according to the green electricity quantity and is generally 10-20%. The oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 and the oxygen/oxygen-enriched prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 are sent into the carbon-based gas mixer 5 as oxygen sources, and the proportion of the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 in the total oxygen amount is usually determined according to the green electricity amount and is generally 10-20%.
The oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 adopts a cryogenic process to prepare oxygen, firstly compresses and cools air, liquefies the air, makes the air and the liquid contact on a rectifying tower plate by utilizing the difference of the boiling points of oxygen and nitrogen components, carries out mass and heat exchange, continuously condenses the oxygen component with high boiling point into liquid from steam, continuously transfers the nitrogen component with low boiling point into the steam, continuously improves the nitrogen content in the rising steam, and has higher and higher oxygen content in the down-flowing liquid, thereby separating the oxygen and the nitrogen to obtain the oxygen with the purity of more than 99.6 v% and the pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa, and the oxygen has no free water, or obtains the oxygen-enriched oxygen with the purity of 30-60 v% and the pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa, and has no free water, and simultaneously obtains the nitrogen with the purity of more than 99.9 v% as a byproduct. The oxygen/oxygen-rich gas production means 2 power also preferably utilizes green electricity produced by an external green electricity plant.
And a nitrogen compressor 10 for pressurizing and feeding the nitrogen gas produced by the oxygen/oxygen-rich gas production apparatus 2 to a downstream nitrogen gas utilization apparatus.
And the carbon-based gas mixer 5 is used for mixing the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas preparation device 2 and the circulating flue gas conveyed by the blower 4 to prepare the carbon-based gas. As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the carbon-based gas mixer 5 includes an outer cylinder 504, one end of the outer cylinder 504 is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-rich gas inlet pipe 501 and a circulating flue gas inlet pipe 502, and the other end is provided with a carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508; the end of the outer cylinder 504 close to the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe 501 and the end of the circulating flue gas inlet pipe 502 are provided with an air distributor 503, the air distributor 503 is a circular plate, and a plurality of small holes 5031 are uniformly arranged on the circular plate; a gas collector 507 is arranged at the end close to the carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508 in the outer cylinder 504, the gas collector 507 is in a hollow circular truncated cone shape, the large circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is a circular plate, a plurality of small holes 5071 are uniformly formed in the circular plate, and the small circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is opened and communicated with the carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508; a plurality of transverse fins 506 and vertical fins 505 are distributed at intervals between the gas distributor 503 and the gas collector 507 in the outer barrel 504. The carbon-based gas mixer 5 is preferably made of stainless steel. Oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas enters the outer cylinder 504 from the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas inlet pipe 501, circulating flue gas enters the outer cylinder 504 from the circulating flue gas inlet pipe 502, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are firstly preliminarily mixed before the gas distributor 503, pass through the small holes 5031 uniformly distributed on the gas distributor 503, then pass through the transverse fins 506 and the vertical fins 505 which are distributed at intervals, and the flow direction of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas is continuously changed in the two fins 506 and 505 which are distributed at intervals, so that the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and the circulating flue gas are fully and uniformly mixed, then pass through the small holes uniformly distributed on the gas collector 507, are collected, enter the carbon-based gas outlet pipe 508, and finally are sent out of the carbon-based gas mixer 5.
And the gas heat exchanger 6 is used for exchanging heat between the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 and the carbon-based gas and the circulating flue gas provided by the carbon-based gas mixer 5 so as to recover the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to heat the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas.
A coal-fired boiler 7.
And the chimney 11 is used for emptying part of the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler 7 and emptying the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler 7 under abnormal working conditions.
And the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is used for dehydrating and desulfurizing saturated water in the circulating flue gas after all or part of waste heat is recovered, namely the circulating flue gas after being cooled, and the desulfurization is realized by adopting the conventional technical means in the field.
And the blower 4 is used for pressurizing and conveying part of the circulating flue gas subjected to waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization to the carbon-based gas mixer 5. The blower 4 is preferably a variable frequency blower. The outlet of the blower 4 is provided with a safety valve and a back pressure valve, when the outlet pressure is too high, the circulating flue gas can timely return to the inlet of the blower 4, and the adverse effect on the blower 4 caused by the too high outlet pressure of the blower 4 is prevented.
CO2A purification device 13 for purifying the circulating flue gas after partial waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization, and a Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) device can be adopted to purify the circulating flue gas CO2Purifying to a concentration of more than 95 v%.
CO2A deoxidizing device 3 for purifying and deoxidizing the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and purification to prepare CO2And (5) producing the product. Which is to deoxidize by utilizing the conventional deoxidizer in the technical field,and trace dust can be removed while deoxidation is carried out. Downstream CO2The oxygen content sensitive purification deoxidation of partial fields is utilized, if the oxygen content is not sensitive, the device is not needed, and the oxygen content sensitive purification deoxidation is directly carried out by the following CO2Compressor 9 pressure feed to downstream CO2A device is utilized.
CO2Compressor 9 for compressing CO2CO obtained by the deoxidation apparatus 32Product pressurized delivery to downstream CO2A device is utilized.
The circulating flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler 7 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 6, the circulating flue gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is respectively connected with the chimney 11 and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8, and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is respectively connected with the blower 4 and the CO2The purification device 13 is connected; the blower 4 is connected with the carbon-based gas mixer 5, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the blower 4 and the carbon-based gas mixer 5; an oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, an oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 and a carbon-based gas mixer 5 are connected, and flow regulating valves are arranged on connecting pipelines of the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 and the carbon-based gas mixer 5; the carbon-based gas mixer 5 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 6, a flow detector, a temperature detector, a pressure detector, an oxygen purity detector and a flow regulating valve are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the carbon-based gas mixer 5 and the gas heat exchanger 6, and a carbon-based gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is connected with the coal-fired boiler 7; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is connected with the gas heat exchanger 6, the hydrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger 6 is connected with the coal-fired boiler 7, and the outlet of the coal powder supply device 12 is connected with the coal-fired boiler 7.
CO2Purification device 13, CO2Deoxygenator 3 and CO2Compressor 9 connected in series, CO2Compressor 9 is connected to downstream CO2The water outlet of the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is connected with the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 by using a device (not shown in figure 1), and the saturated water separated by the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 is used as the circulating water of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2. The nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device 2 is respectively connected with the nitrogen compressor 10 and the inlet of the blower 4, and the nitrogen compressor 10 is connected toThe nitrogen outlet of the downstream nitrogen utilization device and the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device 2 is connected with the inlet of the blower 4, and nitrogen can be provided for replacing the blower 4 and the front and back pipelines during the shutdown. The original primary air fan and secondary air fan (not shown in figure 1) are connected to the gas heat exchanger 6, and provide part of combustion-supporting air, or supplement air quantity when the flue gas quantity is insufficient, or under the condition that carbon-based gas combustion is abnormal, the original primary air fan and secondary air fan can be switched to air for combustion supporting without disturbance, so that the normal oxygen supply and combustion of the coal-fired boiler 7 are ensured.
Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO combustion of coal-fired boiler by using system2Trapping and utilizing, comprising the following steps:
1) in the initial stage, the coal-fired boiler 7 utilizes air to support combustion, after the flue gas is generated, carbon-based gas prepared by mixing circulating flue gas and oxygen/rich oxygen is used as a combustion improver to gradually replace air to support combustion, after 5-10 hours of circulation, the carbon-based gas completely or partially replaces air to support combustion, and the carbon-based gas enters a normal operation state to support combustion; circulating CO in flue gas2The concentration is gradually enriched to 30-60 v% (water is removed);
2) introducing circulating flue gas (comprising primary air, secondary air and tertiary air) from a coal-fired boiler 7 into a gas heat exchanger 6 to exchange heat with hydrogen and combustion-supporting gas carbon-based gas prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1, and recovering the waste heat of the circulating flue gas; the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery is introduced into a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device 8 for dehydration and desulfurization, and CO in the circulating flue gas is recycled and enriched through waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization2The concentration is 30-60 v%; the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization is introduced into a blower 4, pressurized by the blower 4 and then introduced into a carbon-based gas mixer 5; oxygen (with the purity of more than 99.6 v%, the pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa and no free water) prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device 2/oxygen enrichment (with the purity of 30-60 v%, the pressure of 0.05-0.2 MPa and no free water) prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 and oxygen (with the purity of more than 99.2 v% and no free water) prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device 2 are introduced into a carbon-based gas mixer 5; the circulating flue gas and the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas are uniformly mixed in a carbon-based gas mixer 5 to obtain carbon-based gas, the circulating flue gas passes through a blower 4 (the blower is a variable frequency blower and can adjust gas flow through the blowerVolume) or a flow regulating valve regulates the flow, the flow of oxygen/rich oxygen is regulated through the flow regulating valve, the oxygen concentration in the carbon-based gas is controlled to be 18-30 v%, and the pressure is controlled to be 0.05-0.2 MPa; introducing carbon-based gas into a gas heat exchanger 6, heating by waste heat of circulating flue gas, raising the temperature by 30-50 ℃, and feeding the heated carbon-based gas into a coal-fired boiler 7 for combustion-supporting gas; hydrogen (with the purity of more than 99.9 v%) prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 1 is introduced into a gas heat exchanger 6, heated by the waste heat of circulating flue gas, and then sent into a coal-fired boiler 7 at the temperature of 30-50 ℃ and used as fuel together with coal powder;
3) introducing CO into the rest of the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization2Purification by purification means 13 and reintroduction of CO2The deoxidation device 3 purifies and deoxidizes to obtain CO2Product of using CO2Compressor 9 compresses CO2Product pressurized delivery to downstream CO2Utilization of plant, downstream CO2The method comprises the steps of oil field exploitation and sealing, steel slag mineralization, concrete mineralization, red mud solidification, chemical industry (mainly comprising the production of products such as methanol, urea, carbonic ester, carbon monoxide and the like), and food CO2Storage and preservation; the nitrogen (with the purity of more than 99.9 v%) prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device 2 is pressurized and conveyed to a downstream nitrogen utilization device by a nitrogen compressor 10, and the downstream nitrogen utilization device comprises the fields of oil field auxiliary oil extraction, lithium battery production, chemical industry (mainly comprising liquid ammonia production, liquefied liquid nitrogen, replacement gas or protective gas and the like).
Claims (7)
1. Carbon-based oxygen-enriched combustion and CO (carbon monoxide) of coal-fired boiler2A capture and utilization system, comprising:
a pulverized coal supply device for supplying pulverized coal;
the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is used for producing hydrogen and oxygen;
an oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device for preparing oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas and nitrogen gas;
the nitrogen compressor is used for pressurizing and conveying the nitrogen prepared by the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device to a downstream nitrogen utilization device;
the carbon-based gas mixer is used for mixing the oxygen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas preparation device and the circulating flue gas conveyed by the blower to prepare carbon-based gas;
the gas heat exchanger is used for exchanging heat between the hydrogen prepared by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device and the carbon-based gas and the circulating flue gas provided by the carbon-based gas mixer so as to recover the waste heat of the circulating flue gas to heat the hydrogen and the carbon-based gas;
a coal-fired boiler;
the chimney is used for emptying part of the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler and emptying the flue gas of the coal-fired boiler under the abnormal working condition;
the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is used for dehydrating and desulfurizing the circulating flue gas after all or part of waste heat is recovered;
the blower is used for pressurizing and conveying part of the circulating flue gas subjected to waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization to the carbon-based gas mixer;
CO2the purification device is used for purifying the circulating flue gas after partial waste heat recovery, dehydration and desulfurization;
CO2a deoxidizing device for purifying and deoxidizing the circulating flue gas after waste heat recovery, dehydration, desulfurization and purification to prepare CO2Producing a product;
CO2compressor for compressing CO2CO from a deoxygenator2Product pressurized delivery to downstream CO2A utilization device;
the circulating flue gas outlet of the coal-fired boiler is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the circulating flue gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is respectively connected with a chimney and a flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device, and the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device is respectively connected with a blower and CO2The purification device is connected; the blower is connected with the carbon-based gas mixer, and a flow regulating valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the blower and the carbon-based gas mixer; the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer are connected, and flow regulating valves are arranged on connecting pipelines of the oxygen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device and the carbon-based gas mixer; the carbon-based gas mixer is connected with the gas heat exchanger, and a flow detector and a temperature detector are arranged on a connecting pipeline of the carbon-based gas mixer and the gas heat exchangerThe carbon-based gas outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with the coal-fired boiler; the hydrogen outlet of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device is connected with a gas heat exchanger, the hydrogen outlet of the gas heat exchanger is connected with a coal-fired boiler, and the outlet of the coal powder supply device is connected with the coal-fired boiler;
CO2purification apparatus, CO2Deoxygenation device and CO2Compressor connected in sequence, CO2Compressor connected to downstream CO2The utilization device and the water outlet of the flue gas dehydration and desulfurization device are connected with the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device; the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is connected with a nitrogen compressor, and the nitrogen compressor is connected to a downstream nitrogen utilization device.
2. The coal fired boiler carbon based oxycombustion and CO of claim 12The trapping and utilizing system is characterized in that the carbon-based gas mixer comprises an outer cylinder, one end of the outer cylinder is provided with an oxygen/oxygen-enriched gas inlet pipe and a circulating flue gas inlet pipe, and the other end of the outer cylinder is provided with a carbon-based gas outlet pipe; a gas distributor is arranged at the end of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched air inlet pipe and the circulating flue gas inlet pipe in the outer cylinder, the gas distributor is a circular plate, and a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the circular plate; a gas collector is arranged at the end close to the carbon-based gas outlet pipe in the outer barrel, the gas collector is in a hollow circular truncated cone shape, the large circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is a circular plate, a plurality of small holes are uniformly formed in the circular plate, and the small circular end of the hollow circular truncated cone shape is opened and communicated with the carbon-based gas outlet pipe; a plurality of transverse fins and vertical fins are distributed at intervals between the gas distributor and the gas collector in the outer barrel.
3. The coal fired boiler carbon based oxycombustion and CO of claim 22The trapping and utilizing system is characterized in that the carbon-based gas mixer is made of stainless steel.
4. The coal fired boiler carbon based oxycombustion and CO of claim 12The trapping and utilizing system is characterized in that the blower is a variable frequency blower.
5. The coal fired boiler carbon based oxycombustion and CO of claim 12The trapping and utilizing system is characterized in that the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, the oxygen/oxygen enrichment preparation device and an external green electric device are connected.
6. The coal fired boiler carbon based oxycombustion and CO of claim 12The trapping and utilizing system is characterized in that the nitrogen outlet of the oxygen/oxygen-enriched preparation device is also connected to the inlet of the blower.
7. The coal fired boiler carbon based oxycombustion and CO of claim 12The trapping and utilizing system is characterized in that the original primary air fan and the original secondary air fan are connected to the gas heat exchanger.
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Denomination of utility model: Carbon based oxygen rich combustion and CO capture and utilization system for coal-fired boilers Effective date of registration: 20231018 Granted publication date: 20220426 Pledgee: Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank Co.,Ltd. Pudong branch Pledgor: SHANGHAI YUANHAN ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023310000653 |