CN104033890A - Oxygen-enriched combustion pulverized coal boiler integrating chemical-looping high-temperature air separation oxygen production and CO2 gathering method - Google Patents
Oxygen-enriched combustion pulverized coal boiler integrating chemical-looping high-temperature air separation oxygen production and CO2 gathering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104033890A CN104033890A CN201410253805.7A CN201410253805A CN104033890A CN 104033890 A CN104033890 A CN 104033890A CN 201410253805 A CN201410253805 A CN 201410253805A CN 104033890 A CN104033890 A CN 104033890A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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Abstract
The invention discloses an oxygen-enriched combustion pulverized coal boiler integrating chemical-looping high-temperature air separation oxygen production. The pulverized coal boiler comprises an air preheater, an oxidation reactor, a first cyclone separator, an overflow box with a loose tuyere, a reduction reactor, a second cyclone separator, a high-temperature flue gas draft fan, a high-temperature dust catcher, a coal-fired boiler, a low-temperature dust catcher and a flue gas cooling compression and purification device. The invention also provides a CO2 gathering method using the boiler. According to the invention, the oxygen-enriched combustion pulverized coal boiler is integrated with chemical-looping high-temperature air separation oxygen production, and can effectively reduce the oxygen production power consumption of oxygen-enriched combustion, improve the power generation efficiency of an oxygen-enriched combustion set and realizes gathering of CO2 as compared with an existing boiler.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy technology field, be specifically related to a kind of oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler and CO of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation
2capture method.
Background technology
Since industrial civilization, the CO in earth atmosphere
2concentration sharply rises due to the mankind's activity in production.CO
2as the typical greenhouse gases of one, directly cause greenhouse effects.Along with Global climate change is day by day remarkable in recent years, CO
2trapping and (CCS) technology of sealing up for safekeeping become the hot issue of the current energy and environmental science research.Burning chemistry chains is a kind of CO growing up the eighties in 20th century
2separation and collection technology.The CO of coal-burning power plant
2discharge have point force down, flow greatly and temperature high, be to reduce discharging on a large scale CO
2the field of significant.Under conventional air burning mode, the smoke components overwhelming majority is nitrogen, and the concentration of carbon dioxide is lower, is only generally 10%~15%, and directly the carbon dioxide cost of separating low concentration is very high, and economy is also very poor.Oxygen-enriched combustion technology is also referred to as O
2/ CO
2combustion technology, or air separation/flue gas recirculating technique, this technology is application O
2/ CO
2gaseous mixture replaces air as the oxidant of fuel combustion, thereby improve CO in flue gas
2a kind of New combustion technique of volume fraction.Oxygen-enriched combusting uses O
2/ CO
2replace air, flue gas condensing is dewatered and can obtain the carbon dioxide (gas concentration lwevel in dry flue gas can up to more than 95%) of high concentration, thereby making co 2 liquefaction reach the effect of separation flue gas pressurization like this, is a kind of collecting carbonic anhydride technology that has very much development potentiality.But the defect of this combustion system maximum is less economical, mainly due to need to consume a large amount of pure oxygens for fuel combustion under oxygen-enriched combusting pattern.
Conventional method for producing oxygen through divides two classes at present, and a class is partition method, separates with nitrogen by airborne oxygen by the method for physics, obtains the oxygen of variable concentrations, as Deep Cooling Method, pressure swing adsorption method and membrane separation process; Another kind of is preparation method, adopts chemical reagent, by redox reaction, grows out of nothing and produces oxygen, as superoxides oxygen, chlorate decomposition, brine electrolysis and ceramic oxygen etc.Tradition oxygen-enriched combusting needs extensive making oxygen by air separation, investment is large, energy consumption is high, oxygen-enriched combustion system economy and efficiency of energy utilization are declined, and the method for producing oxygen through of research New high-efficient low-cost is that oxygen-enriched combusting further develops be badly in need of one of key issue solving.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation, in realizing Rich Oxygen Combustion, can effectively reduce oxygen power consumption, has the generating efficiency of raising, reduces CO
2the advantage of discharge.The present invention also provides and has utilized the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of above-mentioned integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation to carry out CO
2the method of trapping.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation, it is characterized in that, comprise air preheater (3), oxidation reactor (1), the first cyclone separator (5), be provided with the overflow launder (2), reduction reactor (4), the second cyclone separator (7), high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine (8), hot precipitator (9), coal-burning boiler (10), cold precipitator (11), the flue gas cooled compressed purification devices (12) that become flexible air port; Lower end import is connected air preheater (3) with oxidation reactor (1), oxidation reactor (1) lower end side is connected with reduction reactor (4) by the overflow launder (2) that is provided with loosening air port, the outlet of oxidation reactor (1) upper end is connected with the first cyclone separator (5), the upper end outlet of the first cyclone separator (5) is connected with air preheater (3), and the tremie pipe (6) of the first cyclone separator (5) inserts reduction reactor (4) inside; The outlet of reduction reactor (4) upper end is connected with the second cyclone separator (7), the tremie pipe (13) of the second cyclone separator (7) is connected with reduction reactor (4) sidepiece, and the upper end outlet of the second cyclone separator (7) is connected with the burner of coal-burning boiler (10); The furnace outlet flue of coal-burning boiler (10) is provided with flue gas bleeding point and is connected with hot precipitator (9), hot precipitator (9) is connected with the smoke inlet of reduction reactor (4) lower end through high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine (8), and the back-end ductwork of coal-burning boiler (10) is connected with flue gas cooled compressed purification devices (12) through cold precipitator (11).
Described coal-burning boiler (10) is not established air preheater.
Utilize the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of above-mentioned integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation to carry out CO
2capture method, comprises the steps:
Step 1, air (B) passes into oxidation reactor (1) after being heated by air preheater (3), react under hot conditions with the oxygen carrier of lower valency in it, the oxygen carrier of lower valency is oxidized to the oxygen carrier of corresponding high valence state, air (B) becomes the oxygen debt air of high temperature (A), product separates through the first cyclone separator (5), after air (A) enters air preheater (3) cooling that high temperature is oxygen debt, enter atmosphere, the oxygen carrier of high valence state enters reduction reactor (4) by the tremie pipe (6) of the first cyclone separator (5),
Step 2, the smoke inlet of reduction reactor (4) lower end passes into the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting, with the oxygen carrier of high valence state in it at high temperature, under bubbling fluidization condition, react, the oxygen carrier of high valence state is reduced into the oxygen carrier of lower valency and discharges oxygen, product separates through the second cyclone separator (7), the oxygen carrier of lower valency is turned back to and in oxidation reactor (1), is realized oxygen carrier and recycle by the overflow launder (2) that is provided with loosening air port, burner and coal dust (D) that the flue gas that contains finite concentration oxygen enters coal-burning boiler (10) from the upper end outlet of the second cyclone separator (7) are mixed into hearth combustion,
The high-temperature flue gas (E) that step 3, coal-burning boiler (10) hearth combustion produce, a part of furnace outlet flue by coal-burning boiler (10), after hot precipitator (9) dedusting, enters the smoke inlet of reduction reactor (4) lower end by high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine (8); Remainder after cold precipitator (11) dedusting, enters flue gas cooled compressed purification devices (12) by the back-end ductwork of coal-burning boiler (10), obtains liquid carbon dioxide (F), realizes CO
2trapping.
Described in step 1 and step 2, oxygen carrier is manganese base load oxysome, cobalt-based oxygen carrier, copper base load oxysome or perofskite type oxide.
Described in step 1, high temperature is to be controlled at 600~1300 DEG C according to the difference of the interior oxygen carrier of oxidation reactor (1).
Described in step 2, high temperature is to be controlled at 700~1350 DEG C according to the difference of the interior oxygen carrier of reduction reactor (4).
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1, the present invention, by integrated to chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation and oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler, compared with existing boiler, can effectively reduce the oxygen power consumption of oxygen-enriched combusting, improves the generating efficiency of oxygen-enriched combusting unit, and can realize collecting carbonic anhydride.
2, the present invention, by integrated to chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation and oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler, compared with existing cryogenic air separation unit technology, does not need the sizable air separation plant of volume, has both reduced equipment investment, has greatly reduced again floor space.
3, the present invention, by integrated to chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation and oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler, effectively utilizes the flue-gas temperature extracting, and heat reduction reactor, improves heat utilization efficiency.
4, the present invention, by integrated to chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation and oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler, enters the O of boiler-burner
2/ CO
2gas flow temperature is higher, can improve ignition temperature, improves efficiency of combustion and speed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation of the present invention.
1 oxidation reactor, 2 are provided with the overflow launder in loosening air port, 3 air preheaters, 4 reduction reactors, 5 first cyclone separators, the tremie pipe of 6 first cyclone separators, 7 second cyclone separators, 8 high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machines, 9 hot precipitators, 10 coal-burning boilers, 11 cold precipitators, 12 flue gas cooled compressed purification devices, the tremie pipe of 13 second cyclone separators, A high temperature is oxygen debt air, B air, air after C preheating, D coal dust, E high-temperature flue gas, F liquid carbon dioxide, G slag, H high-temperature flue gas ash content, I boiler feedwater, J main steam, K high pressure cylinder steam discharge, L reheated steam.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is done further and explained.Following embodiment does not limit the present invention in any form, and all employings are equal to replaces or technical scheme that the mode of equivalent transformation obtains, all among protection scope of the present invention.
Tradition oxygen-enriched combusting needs extensive making oxygen by air separation, and investment is large, energy consumption is high, and oxygen-enriched combustion system economy and efficiency of energy utilization are declined.Existing several oxygen mode, as Deep Cooling Method, membrane separation process and pressure-variable adsorption, all first air to be separated, obtain the oxygen of higher degree, then mix with cold circulating flue gas again, what in fact fuel combustion was required is not real pure oxygen, the oxygen that just oxygen content is 20~40% and the mist of carbon dioxide.In addition, the carbon dioxide that the flue gas that fuel produces in the atmosphere of oxygen and carbon dioxide is high concentration, is easy to separating treatment, thereby alleviates the impact of carbon dioxide on greenhouse effects.
Chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation technology is to develop on the basis of burning chemistry chains mode based on proposing the eighties in 20th century, has its original advantage on oxygen-enriched combusting and collecting carbonic anhydride, makes O
2/ CO
2gaseous mixture, and inherited the feature of chemical chain burning technology low power consuming, can effectively reduce the oxygen energy consumption of oxygen-enriched combusting, improve unit generation efficiency.The energy that chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation need to consume is mainly the heat energy of heating, by integrated with the heat of oxygen-enriched combustion boiler, can effectively reduce oxygen power consumption, improves the generating efficiency of oxygen-enriched combusting unit, has comparison vast potential for future development.
Embodiment 1
A kind of oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation, as shown in Figure 1, comprise air preheater 3, oxidation reactor 1, the first cyclone separator 5, be provided with the overflow launder 2, reduction reactor 4, the second cyclone separator 7, high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine 8, hot precipitator 9, coal-burning boiler 10, cold precipitator 11, the flue gas cooled compressed purification devices 12 that become flexible air port.1 lower end import is connected air preheater 3 with oxidation reactor, oxidation reactor 1 lower end side is connected with reduction reactor 4 by the overflow launder 2 that is provided with loosening air port, oxidation reactor 1 upper end outlet is connected with the first cyclone separator 5, the upper end outlet of the first cyclone separator 5 is connected with air preheater 3, and the tremie pipe 6 of the first cyclone separator 5 inserts reduction reactor 4 inside; Reduction reactor 4 upper end outlets are connected with the second cyclone separator 7, and the tremie pipe 13 of the second cyclone separator 7 is connected with reduction reactor 4 sidepieces, and the upper end outlet of the second cyclone separator 7 is connected with the burner of coal-burning boiler 10; The furnace outlet flue of coal-burning boiler 10 is provided with flue gas bleeding point and is connected with hot precipitator 9, hot precipitator 9 is connected with the smoke inlet of reduction reactor 4 lower ends through high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine 8, and the back-end ductwork of coal-burning boiler 10 is connected with flue gas cooled compressed purification devices 12 through cold precipitator 11.
Oxidation reactor 1 is recirculating fluidized bed, fluidizing agent is air, reaction temperature is according to 600~1300 DEG C of the different choice of oxygen carrier in it (manganese base load oxysome, cobalt-based oxygen carrier, copper base load oxysome or perofskite type oxide), and reaction pressure is normal pressure.
Reduction reactor 4 is bubbling fluidized bed, fluidizing agent is the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting, reaction temperature is according to 700~1350 DEG C of the oxygen carrier in it (manganese base load oxysome, cobalt-based oxygen carrier, copper base load oxysome or perofskite type oxide) different choice, and reaction pressure is normal pressure.
Coal-burning boiler 10 is similar with existing coal-burning boiler, but does not establish air preheater.Be provided with multiple gas-water heat-transfer surface or multiple flue gas-steam heat-exchanging face, boiler feedwater I temperature can be lower, and last exhaust gas temperature is also very low.
Embodiment 2
Utilize the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of the integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation described in embodiment 1 to carry out CO
2capture method, comprises the steps:
Step 1, air B pass into oxidation reactor 1 after being heated by air preheater 3, react at 600~1300 DEG C with the oxygen carrier of lower valency in it, the oxygen carrier of lower valency is oxidized to the oxygen carrier of corresponding high valence state, air B becomes the oxygen debt air A of high temperature, product separates through the first cyclone separator 5, high temperature is oxygen debt, and air A enters air preheater 3 adds hot-air B, enters atmosphere after cooling, and the oxygen carrier of high valence state enters reduction reactor 4 by the tremie pipe 6 of the first cyclone separator 5.Oxygen carrier comprises manganese base load oxysome, cobalt-based oxygen carrier, copper base load oxysome or perofskite type oxide etc.Manganese base load oxysome is Mn
2o
3mn
3o
4, cobalt-based oxygen carrier is Co
3o
4coO, copper base load oxysome be CuO Cu
2o, perofskite type oxide has LSCF (La
0.1sr
0.9co
0.5fe
0.5o
3-δ), SCCF (S
r0.5ca
0.5co
0.5fe
0.5o
3-δ), BSCF (Ba
0.5sr
0.5co
0.8fe
0.2o
3-δ), LBCF (La
0.3ba
0.7co
0.2fe
0.8o
3-δ) etc.Control different reaction temperatures according to the difference of oxidation reactor 1 interior oxygen carrier.
The main component that the smoke inlet of step 2, reduction reactor 4 lower ends passes into after dedusting is CO
2high-temperature flue gas, with the oxygen carrier of high valence state in it at 700~1350 DEG C, under bubbling fluidization condition, react, the oxygen carrier of high valence state is reduced into the oxygen carrier of lower valency and discharges oxygen, product separates through the second cyclone separator 7, air C after preheating passes into the overflow launder 2 that is provided with loosening air port and the oxygen carrier of lower valency is turned back to the interior oxygen carrier of realizing of oxidation reactor 1 recycles, burner and coal dust D that the flue gas that contains finite concentration oxygen (approximately 10~15V%) enters coal-burning boiler 10 from the upper end outlet of the second cyclone separator 7 are mixed into hearth combustion release heat, boiler feedwater is heated to be to main steam J and steam turbine high-pressure cylinder steam discharge K is heated to be to reheated steam L.High pressure cylinder steam discharge K, main steam J, reheated steam L parameter are close with existing ultra supercritical coal-burning boiler.Slag G after burning discharges outside coal-burning boiler 10.
The high-temperature flue gas E that step 3, coal-burning boiler 10 hearth combustions produce is (mainly containing CO more than 90V%
2with a small amount of O
2, CO, SO
2, SO
3deng), part high-temperature flue gas E by the furnace outlet flue of coal-burning boiler 10 after hot precipitator 9 dedustings, temperature is about 1000 DEG C, enters the smoke inlet of reduction reactor 4 lower ends by high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine 8, and high-temperature flue gas ash content H is discharged by hot precipitator; Remainder high-temperature flue gas E, after cold precipitator 11 dedustings, enters flue gas cooled compressed purification devices 12 by the back-end ductwork of coal-burning boiler 10, obtains liquid carbon dioxide F, realizes CO
2trapping.
Claims (6)
1. the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of an integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation, it is characterized in that, comprise air preheater (3), oxidation reactor (1), the first cyclone separator (5), be provided with the overflow launder (2), reduction reactor (4), the second cyclone separator (7), high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine (8), hot precipitator (9), coal-burning boiler (10), cold precipitator (11), the flue gas cooled compressed purification devices (12) that become flexible air port; Lower end import is connected air preheater (3) with oxidation reactor (1), oxidation reactor (1) lower end side is connected with reduction reactor (4) by the overflow launder (2) that is provided with loosening air port, the outlet of oxidation reactor (1) upper end is connected with the first cyclone separator (5), the upper end outlet of the first cyclone separator (5) is connected with air preheater (3), and the tremie pipe (6) of the first cyclone separator (5) inserts reduction reactor (4) inside; The outlet of reduction reactor (4) upper end is connected with the second cyclone separator (7), the tremie pipe (13) of the second cyclone separator (7) is connected with reduction reactor (4) sidepiece, and the upper end outlet of the second cyclone separator (7) is connected with the burner of coal-burning boiler (10); The furnace outlet flue of coal-burning boiler (10) is provided with flue gas bleeding point and is connected with hot precipitator (9), hot precipitator (9) is connected with the smoke inlet of reduction reactor (4) lower end through high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine (8), and the back-end ductwork of coal-burning boiler (10) is connected with flue gas cooled compressed purification devices (12) through cold precipitator (11).
2. the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described coal-burning boiler (10) is not established air preheater.
3. utilize the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of the integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation described in claim 1 or 2 to carry out CO
2capture method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, air (B) passes into oxidation reactor (1) after being heated by air preheater (3), react under hot conditions with the oxygen carrier of lower valency in it, the oxygen carrier of lower valency is oxidized to the oxygen carrier of corresponding high valence state, air (B) becomes the oxygen debt air of high temperature (A), product separates through the first cyclone separator (5), after air (A) enters air preheater (3) cooling that high temperature is oxygen debt, enter atmosphere, the oxygen carrier of high valence state enters reduction reactor (4) by the tremie pipe (6) of the first cyclone separator (5),
Step 2, the smoke inlet of reduction reactor (4) lower end passes into the high-temperature flue gas after dedusting, with the oxygen carrier of high valence state in it at high temperature, under bubbling fluidization condition, react, the oxygen carrier of high valence state is reduced into the oxygen carrier of lower valency and discharges oxygen, product separates through the second cyclone separator (7), the oxygen carrier of lower valency is turned back to and in oxidation reactor (1), is realized oxygen carrier and recycle by the overflow launder (2) that is provided with loosening air port, burner and coal dust (D) that the flue gas that contains finite concentration oxygen enters coal-burning boiler (10) from the upper end outlet of the second cyclone separator (7) are mixed into hearth combustion,
The high-temperature flue gas (E) that step 3, coal-burning boiler (10) hearth combustion produce, a part of furnace outlet flue by coal-burning boiler (10), after hot precipitator (9) dedusting, enters the smoke inlet of reduction reactor (4) lower end by high-temperature flue gas air-introduced machine (8); Remainder after cold precipitator (11) dedusting, enters flue gas cooled compressed purification devices (12) by the back-end ductwork of coal-burning boiler (10), obtains liquid carbon dioxide (F), realizes CO
2trapping.
4. the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation according to claim 3 carries out CO
2capture method, is characterized in that, oxygen carrier is manganese base load oxysome, cobalt-based oxygen carrier, copper base load oxysome or perofskite type oxide described in step 1 and step 2.
5. the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation according to claim 4 carries out CO
2capture method, is characterized in that, high temperature is to be controlled at 600~1300 DEG C according to the difference of the interior oxygen carrier of oxidation reactor (1) described in step 1.
6. the oxygen-enriched combusting pulverized-coal fired boiler of integrated chemical chain high temperature making oxygen by air separation according to claim 4 carries out CO
2capture method, is characterized in that, high temperature is to be controlled at 700~1350 DEG C according to the difference of the interior oxygen carrier of reduction reactor (4) described in step 2.
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