CN103749360A

CN103749360A - Method for increasing survival rate of adults of live oreochromis niloticus

Info

Publication number: CN103749360A
Application number: CN201410010459.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 强俊; 徐跑; 何杰; 李瑞伟; 朱志祥
Original assignee: Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Current assignee: Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
Priority date: 2014-01-09
Filing date: 2014-01-09
Publication date: 2014-04-30
Anticipated expiration: 2034-01-09
Also published as: CN103749360B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for increasing the survival rate of adults of live oreochromis niloticus. The hormone level, the alexin level and the hepatic antioxidant adaptive capacity can be improved within a short time by increasing breeding density and performing tensioning net stress, and nonspecific immunity is improved. The contents of protein, glucose and triglyceride in blood of the oreochromis niloticus can be increased by feeding feedstuff with high protein level of 36%-39% before the oreochromis niloticus is conveyed, and energy reserve is improved. Moreover, 0.5%-0.8% of compound heartleaf houttuynia herb is added in the feedstuff and contains herba houttuyniae, scutellaria baicalensis, radix isatidis, fructus forsythiae, honeysuckle and the like, and the anti-stress capability of the oreochromis niloticus can be improved. In a conveying process, the water temperature is controlled in a range of 19-23 DEG C, the salinity of water is 8%o-12%o, and dissolved oxygen is sufficient. The metabolic activity of the oreochromis niloticus is low, but the immunity of the oreochromis niloticus is high, so that energy loss in the conveying process is reduced, excretion of metabolin is reduced, and the anti-stress capability is improved. After the oreochromis niloticus is treated by using the method, the survival rate of the adults of the live oreochromis niloticus and the live oreochromis niloticus conveying distance are obviously improved during conveyance.

Description

A kind of method that improves gift tilapia adult fish live transport survival rate

Technical field

The invention belongs to aquatic animal living body transport technology, be specifically related to a set of method that can improve gift tilapia adult fish live transport survival rate.

Background technology

Tilapia mossambica is global food consumption product, and it is the first that the whole world is sure to occupy in the Tilapia mossambica cultivation of China, has the resources advantage of protruding.China's Tilapia mossambica cultivation spread, has benefited from three factors, and the one, the popularization of the cultivation-gift tilapia of superior kind, has defeated past Growth Op Tilapia slow, the characteristic that dressing percentage is low; The 2nd, the popularization of perfect compound feed, has reduced the aquaculture cost of Tilapia mossambica, has improved fisherman's economic benefit; The 3rd, meat quality of java tilapia nutrition has obtained extensive approval, and Tilapia mossambica is without stinging between flesh, and whole body edible part is more, and the protein content in muscle accounts for 19.5% left and right, is rich in multiple essential amino acid.Meanwhile, in muscle, fat content is lower, only has 0.9% left and right, but is rich in multiple polyunsaturated fatty acid.Over nearly 10 years, the market philosophy of Tilapia mossambica be take international market as main, is aided with domestic market.Yet since 2011, low World Economics causes Tilapia mossambica export situation to worsen, export processing order reduces in a large number, and the side of a pond, Tilapia mossambica main producing region purchasing price continues to fall, serious contusion raiser's enthusiasm.Therefore, adjust market philosophy, expand domestic demand and become the only way of Tilapia mossambica industry development.Tilapia mossambica cultivation has very strong regionality, mainly concentrates on southern each province (as Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan etc.), and live fish way far away cost of transportation is high, and survival rate is low is problem in the urgent need to address.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem that gift tilapia adult fish live transport survival rate is low, be difficult to remote long-distance transport.The invention provides a set of method that can improve the remote live transport survival rate of gift tilapia adult fish.Can greatly improve live transport survival rate, extend transportation range, reduce cost of transportation, improve raiser's economic benefit.

The present invention for achieving the above object, takes following technical scheme.

Improve a method for gift tilapia adult fish live transport survival rate, extend transportation range, main design thought and routine analyzer comprise the following steps (following steps complete in 8 days before transportation starts).

One, expand density: the adult fish of needs transportation is concentrated in net cage, and density is increased to 2 times, the cultivation density of adult fish, at 2.2～3 tail/cubic meters, expands 4.5 tail～6 tail/cubic meters to conventionally.

Two, feedstuff feeding: 36%～39% protein level of throwing something and feeding in first 8 days is transported on way far away, wherein adds the feed of the powder that 0.5%～0.8% compound houttuynin particle grinds.After compound houttuynin particle is ground, according to every 1kg feed, add the principle of 5g～8g compound houttuynin particle powder and add, after mixing, throw something and feed.Throw something and feed daytime above-mentioned feed 2 times, time interval 7-8 hour, feeding volume is body weight 2%～3%, throws something and feeds 8 days.

Three, draw in the net stress: every 2～3 days, when weather is better, carry out that draw in the net stress be once, the adult fish that rejecting vigor is bad or injured;

Four, traffic condition is controlled, and temperature is controlled at 19 ℃～23 ℃, and salinity is 8 ‰～12 ‰, keeps dissolved oxygen sufficient.

After said method is processed, adult fish transportation survival rate and live transport distance all obviously increase.The feed of 36%～39% high protein level of throwing something and feeding before transportation can improve the content of albumen, glucose and triglycerides in fish body blood, increases energy reserve.Meanwhile, in feed, add 0.5%～0.8% compound houttuynin powder, in compound houttuynin, comprise cordate houttuynia, the root of large-flowered skullcap, Radix Isatidis, the capsule of weeping forsythia, honeysuckle etc., can increase the anti-stress ability of fish body.The anti-oxidant adaptive capacity that improves cultivation density and draw in the net to increase in a short time hormone and level of complement and liver, improves nonspecific immunity power.In transportation, water temperature is controlled to 19 ℃～23 ℃, salinity is 8 ‰～12 ‰, keeps dissolved oxygen sufficient.The relatively low while immunity of metabolic activity of gift tilapia is relatively high, reduces energy loss in transit, reduces the excretion of metabolite, increases anti-stress ability.

Beneficial effect of the present invention, by adding, the high protein feed of 0.5%～0.8% compound houttuynin powder is thrown something and fed, high density and draw in the net stress, can regulate and control gift tilapia energy reserve and stress reaction, increase long-distance transport adaptive capacity.In transit, suitable temperature and salinity can remain on reduced levels by the metabolism of gift tilapia, reduce the excretion of metabolite, thereby improve gift tilapia long-distance transport survival rate, extend transportation range, reduce cost of transportation, improve raiser's economic interests.

Embodiment

Improve a method for gift tilapia adult fish live transport survival rate, first 8 days of transportation of live fish, adopts following steps.

One, expand density, the adult fish that transport is concentrated in net cage, density is increased to 2 times of cultivation density before this, and the cultivation density of adult fish, at 2.2～3 tail/cubic meters, expands 4.5 tail～6 tail/cubic meters to conventionally.

Two, feedstuff feeding, transports in first 8 days according to the feed of following formulated 38% protein level.After compound houttuynin particle is crushed into powder with mill, according to 100g feed, add the dosage of 0.6g compound houttuynin powder, wherein in compound houttuynin, comprise cordate houttuynia, the root of large-flowered skullcap, Radix Isatidis, the capsule of weeping forsythia, honeysuckle etc.First compound houttuynin powder is added to the water, after mixing, in feed stirs, adds, guarantee that powder fully mixes in feed.By feed granulator granulation, be positioned over shady and cool place air-dry after, standby in preserving 4 ℃.The above-mentioned feed 2 times (8:00 and 16:00) of throwing something and feeding every day, feeding volume is body weight 2%～3%, throws something and feeds 8 days.

Three, draw in the net stress, every 2～3 days, when weather is better, carry out that draw in the net stress be once.Draw in the net carefully to check in process the adult fish that rejecting vigor is bad or injured.

Four, traffic condition is controlled, and utilizes mode on the rocks that temperature is controlled to 19 ℃～23 ℃, utilizes the mode of seawater dilution or interpolation sea crystal that salinity is adjusted to 8 ‰～12 ‰, keeps dissolved oxygen sufficient simultaneously.

After said method is processed, adult fish transportation survival rate and live transport distance all obviously increase.The 10 hours survival rates of transporting for long-distance are that 100%, 15 hour survival rate is that 97.2%, 24 hour survival rate is 93.4%.Compare and improved respectively 5%, 7.2% and 18% with the untreated front equal time period.With the calculating of 80 kilometers of long-distance bus speed/time, 1920 kilometers of 24h wheeleds, Guangdong Tilapia mossambica live transport to the provinces and cities such as area, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, Anhui, Henan and Hebei can well be realized, further expanded domestic market supply, increase raiser's economic benefit, effectively alleviated the pressure that outlet brings.

Claims

1. a method that improves gift tilapia adult fish live transport survival rate completes in 8 days before transportation starts, and comprises the steps:

(1) expand density: the adult fish of needs transportation is concentrated in net cage, and expand density to 4.5 tail ~ 6 tail/cubic meters;

(2) feedstuff feeding: transport 36% ~ 39% protein level of throwing something and feeding in first 8 days, wherein add the feed of the powder that 0.5% ~ 0.8% compound houttuynin particle grinds;

(3) draw in the net stress: every 2 ~ 3 days, when weather is better, carry out that draw in the net stress be once, the adult fish that rejecting vigor is bad or injured;

(4) traffic condition is controlled: temperature is controlled at 19 ℃ ~ 23 ℃, and salinity is 8 ‰ ~ 12 ‰, keeps dissolved oxygen sufficient.