CN103736435A - Device and system for spheroidizing powder by using alternating-current plasmas - Google Patents
Device and system for spheroidizing powder by using alternating-current plasmas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103736435A CN103736435A CN201310741852.1A CN201310741852A CN103736435A CN 103736435 A CN103736435 A CN 103736435A CN 201310741852 A CN201310741852 A CN 201310741852A CN 103736435 A CN103736435 A CN 103736435A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for spheroidizing powder by using alternating-current plasmas. The device comprises a discharge chamber, an inductance coil and a heat exchange chamber, wherein the heat exchange chamber is communicated with the bottom of the discharge chamber; the discharge chamber comprises a roof cover, a powder feeding tube and a cylindrical discharge chamber side-wall, the powder feeding tube extends to the inside of the discharge chamber, and the inductance coil is wound on the cylindrical discharge chamber side-wall; the heat exchange chamber comprises a heat exchange chamber side-wall and a spherical powder outlet, and the spherical powder outlet is located at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber; a working gas inlet pipe is arranged in the discharge chamber, the discharge chamber side-wall is provided with a protective gas inlet pipe, and a cooling cavity is arranged in each of the roof cover, the discharge chamber side-wall and the heat exchange chamber side-wall. The invention also discloses a powder spheroidizing system comprising the device. According to the invention, irregularly-shaped powder is spheroidized by using alternating-current plasmas generated by the inductance coil, so that a mode of spheroidizing powder by using plasmas generated by electrode discharge in the prior art is changed, and the pollution of products caused by electrode evaporation is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to powder nodularization field, be specifically related to a kind of equipment and system that utilizes ac plasma nodularization oxygen powder.
Background technology
Metal-base composites can be divided into continuous fiber enhancing substantially, discontinuous body strengthens and compound three classes of lamination.Wherein, particles reiforced metal-base composition not only has the premium properties of fiber and whisker reinforcing material, and has that preparation technology is relatively simple, material isotropism is good, wearability advantages of higher, is the important branch of field of research of metal.Al
2o
3as conventional reinforced particulate, be widely used for many high and new technologies fields such as refractory material, high technology ceramics, Aero-Space, be a kind of multiform alumina of high added value.Experiment shows, spherical Al
2o
3particle REINFORCED Al sill shows stronger moulding than dihedral powder, simultaneously owing to having reduced interface, and the better combination of particle and matrix.
In commercial Application according to plasma exciatiaon principle can be divided into direct-current plasma with exchange etc. in vitro.Direct-current plasma is to rely on two interelectrode electric discharges and obtain, and ac plasma is produced by radio-frequency induction coil.The at present application of plasma has covered very wide application, such as synthetic, the plasma activated chemical vapour deposition of: superfine powder, prepare optical fiber and spheroidizing of powder.For example, Canada PyroGenesis company will be used for industrial-scale production sized spherical titanium powder the end of the year 1998 by plasma spraying, what the said firm was used is the non-arc plasma nozzle that turns of direct current, three nozzles are facing to same summit, form a plasma area, but the method productivity ratio is lower, simultaneously because electrode evaporation easily causes contamination of products.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment and system that utilizes ac plasma nodularization powder, to solve in prior art, utilize when the direct-current plasma, because electrode evaporation easily causes the problem of contamination of products.Described ac plasma, is the high-temperature plasma being produced by radio-frequency induction coil induction discharge, and electron temperature and heavy particle (atom and ion etc.) temperature is all 10
4the order of magnitude, is comprised of electronics, ion, photon and neutral particle, has the advantages such as energy density is high, heating intensity large, the volume of plasma arc is large.
The equipment that utilizes ac plasma nodularization powder provided by the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Utilize an equipment for ac plasma nodularization powder, comprise arc chamber, inductance coil and heat-exchanging chamber;
The cylindrical arc chamber sidewall that described arc chamber comprises top cover, powder feed pipe and is wound with described inductance coil; Described top cover seals the upper end of described arc chamber, and described powder feed pipe stretches in described arc chamber through described top cover, and arranges coaxially with described arc chamber;
Described heat-exchanging chamber comprises heat-exchanging chamber sidewall and the spherical powder outlet that is positioned at described heat-exchanging chamber bottom, and the top of described heat-exchanging chamber is communicated with the bottom of described arc chamber, and coaxially arranges with described arc chamber;
In described arc chamber, be provided with at least two working gas air inlet pipe, under the powder outlet of the described powder feed pipe of working gas outlet aligning of described working gas air inlet pipe, and be evenly arranged in same level around the central axis of described arc chamber;
In the upper end of described arc chamber sidewall, be provided with two and can make protective gas along the protective gas air inlet pipe that tangentially enters described arc chamber of described arc chamber sidewall, the protective gas of described protective gas air inlet pipe exports along on the described arc chamber sidewall of being circumferentially evenly arranged in of described arc chamber sidewall;
In described top cover, be provided with top cover cooling chamber, in described arc chamber sidewall, be provided with around its circumferential ring discharge chamber cooling chamber, in described heat-exchanging chamber sidewall, be provided with around its circumferential annular heat switch room cooling chamber.
According to equipment of the present invention, preferably, described working gas air inlet pipe stretches in described arc chamber through described top cover, and the working gas Way out of described working gas air inlet pipe and the folded acute angle of described top cover be 25 °～40 °, more preferably 30 °～35 °.Distance between the working gas outlet of described working gas air inlet pipe and the central axis of described arc chamber is 1/4～1/8 of described arc chamber sidewall internal diameter, more preferably 1/4～1/6 of described arc chamber sidewall internal diameter.
According to equipment of the present invention, preferably, the outlet of the powder of described powder feed pipe is concordant with upper end, working gas outlet and the outlet of protection gas of described inductance coil; Further preferably, the powder of described powder feed pipe outlet flare.
According to equipment of the present invention, preferably, described heat-exchanging chamber cooling chamber comprises a plurality of independent cooling cavities of arranging successively along the axis direction of described heat-exchanging chamber; Described top cover cooling chamber and described arc chamber cooling chamber are by external pipeline communication.
According to equipment of the present invention, preferably, the internal diameter of described heat-exchanging chamber is 1.1～1.6 times of described arc chamber internal diameter, more preferably 1.2～1.5 of described arc chamber internal diameter times.
The present invention also provides a kind of powder nodularization system, described system comprises equipment provided by the present invention and the cyclone separator, pneumatic filter and the air-introduced machine that connect successively, and the charging aperture of described cyclone separator is connected with the spherical powder outlet of described equipment by pipeline.
Compare with technology, the present invention has the following advantages:
1) utilize the ac plasma being produced by induction coil to carry out nodularization to powder in irregular shape, changed the mode of utilizing electrode discharge to produce plasma nodularization powder in prior art, avoided because electrode evaporation causes contamination of products;
2) the single powder feed pipe of employing of the present invention and the coaxial charging of described arc chamber, effectively avoided many powder feed pipe chargings of available technology adopting itself may problem, the problem includes: the problem of powder charging inequality;
3) the present invention, by a plurality of independently heat-exchanging chamber cooling chambers are set in heat-exchanging chamber sidewall, is conducive to control the temperature of described heat-exchanging chamber inwall, forms rational thermograde in described heat-exchanging chamber, to improve nodularization rate and the nodularization quality of powder;
4) the present invention is simple to operate flexible, and heat utilization efficiency is high, and having good temperature environment-controlled temperature field is edge plasma temperature, is easy to industrial implementation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the main pseudosection of a kind of embodiment of equipment provided by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the side cutaway view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 be in Fig. 1 arc chamber at the cutaway view at A-A place;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of powder nodularization system provided by the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the figure of the SEM before powder nodularization in embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the figure of the SEM after powder nodularization in embodiment 1.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail, but it should be noted that the present invention is not limited in embodiment shown in the drawings.
As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, the equipment that utilizes ac plasma nodularization powder provided by the invention, comprises arc chamber 1, inductance coil 2 and heat-exchanging chamber 3.
Described arc chamber 1 comprises top cover 11, powder feed pipe 12 and cylindrical arc chamber sidewall 13; The upper end of the described arc chamber 1 of described top cover 11 sealing, in embodiment as shown in Figure 1, described top cover 1 is fixedly connected with the upper end of described arc chamber sidewall 13 by flange.Certainly, those skilled in the art easily expect that described top cover 11 can also seal by alternate manner the upper end of described arc chamber 1.In described top cover 11, be provided with top cover cooling chamber 16, described top cover cooling chamber 16 is provided with top cover cooling medium entrance 24 and top cover cooling medium outlet 22, cooling medium (such as gas or liquid) can flow into, flow out described top cover cooling chamber 16 by described top cover cooling medium entrance 24 and top cover cooling medium outlet 22, prevents described top cover 11 excess Temperatures.
Described powder feed pipe 12 is through described top cover 11 and stretch into coaxially in described arc chamber 1 with described arc chamber 1, to send into dihedral powder until nodularization (powder such as particle obtains after pulverizing by micronizer, has irregularly shaped).In one embodiment, described dihedral powder delivers into described arc chamber 1 by inert gas (such as argon gas), or the gas that can at high temperature not react with this powder by other, above-mentioned pneumatic conveying mode is known in the art, repeats no more here.Preferably, the powder of described powder feed pipe 12 exports 25 flares, along the central axis b(of described arc chamber 1, is columniform internal diameter that described arc chamber sidewall 13 becomes) arrange downwards, be conducive to powder being uniformly distributed in described arc chamber 1.
In described arc chamber 1, be provided with two working gas air inlet pipe 14, the working gas outlet (not marking in figure) of described working gas air inlet pipe 14 aim at described powder outlet 25 under, and be evenly arranged in same level around the central axis b of described arc chamber.Like this, the working gas that enters described arc chamber 1 can mutually collide well and powder be disperseed, and by regulating flow velocity or the flow of described working gas can also effectively control the time of staying in the plasma region of powder in arc chamber 1.In other embodiments, described working gas air inlet pipe 14 can also be three, four or more, for example, when the quantity of described working gas air inlet pipe 14 is three, distance between its working gas outlet equates, and its working gas outlet equates with the distance between described powder outlet 25; When described working gas air inlet pipe 14 is other quantity, those skilled in the art equally easily understand its concrete arrangement after describing above.Preferably, the working gas outlet of described working gas air inlet pipe 14 and the distance between the central axis b of described arc chamber are 1/4～1/8 of described arc chamber sidewall 13 internal diameters, more preferably 1/4～1/6 of described arc chamber sidewall 13 internal diameters, to promote the dispersion of powder.
In a preferred embodiment, described working gas air inlet pipe 14 stretches in described arc chamber 1 through described top cover 11, and the working gas Way out of described working gas air inlet pipe 14 and the folded acute angle of described top cover 11 are 25 °～40 °, more preferably 30 °～35 °, further to optimize dispersion effect and the time of staying of powder.
In described arc chamber sidewall 13, be provided with around its circumferential ring discharge chamber cooling chamber 18, described arc chamber cooling chamber 18 is provided with arc chamber cooling medium entrance 21 and arc chamber cooling medium outlet 23, cooling medium (such as gas or liquid) can flow into, flow out described arc chamber cooling chamber 18 by described arc chamber cooling medium entrance 21 and arc chamber cooling medium outlet 23, prevents described arc chamber sidewall 13 excess Temperatures.In one embodiment, described arc chamber cooling medium outlet 23 is connected to described top cover cooling medium entrance 24 by external pipeline, so that described arc chamber cooling chamber 18 is communicated with described top cover cooling chamber 16.
In the upper end of described arc chamber sidewall 13, being provided with two can make protective gas along the protective gas air inlet pipe 15 that tangentially enters described arc chamber 1 of described arc chamber sidewall 13, the protective gas outlet 17 of described protective gas air inlet pipe 15 is along (the line between two protective gas outlets 17 and the central axis b of described arc chamber intersect vertically) on the described arc chamber sidewall 13 of being circumferentially evenly arranged in of described arc chamber sidewall 13, the protective gas passing into can form screw type protection gas curtain along arc chamber 1 inwall, avoid powder collision arc chamber 1 inwall and cause contamination of products.Hold intelligiblely, described protective gas equally should not react with other material in arc chamber 1, such as when nodularization is alumina powder jointed, from cost, chemical property consideration, can select air as protective gas.In addition, corresponding to the working gas of different flow or flow velocity, the flow of described protective gas or flow velocity also should be done corresponding adjustment, to guarantee that working gas does not diffuse into arc chamber 1 inwall.In other embodiments, described protective gas air inlet pipe 15 can also be three, four or more, for example, when the quantity of described protective gas air inlet pipe 15 is three, the distance between its protective gas outlet 17 equates, and is positioned on the same level cross section of described arc chamber sidewall 13; When described protective gas air inlet pipe 15 is other quantity, those skilled in the art equally easily understand its concrete arrangement after describing above.Preferably, on described arc chamber sidewall 13, be also provided with transparent window 19(referring to Fig. 4), to observe the plasma discharge situation in described arc chamber 1.
Described inductance coil 2 is wrapped in outside described arc chamber sidewall 13, at the interior generation ac plasma of described arc chamber 1, and makes to enter at high temperature heating and melting of powder in described arc chamber 1.Preferably, the powder of described powder feed pipe 12 outlet 25 exports with upper end, the working gas of described inductance coil 2 and described protective gas exports 17 concordant.
Described heat-exchanging chamber 3 comprises heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31 and is positioned at the spherical powder outlet 32 of described heat-exchanging chamber 3 bottoms, the top of described heat-exchanging chamber 3 is communicated with the bottom of described arc chamber 1 and coaxially arranges with described arc chamber 1, in embodiment as shown in Figure 1, the top of described heat-exchanging chamber 3 is fixedly connected with the bottom of described arc chamber 1 by flange.In described heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31, be provided with around its circumferential annular heat switch room cooling chamber 33, described heat-exchanging chamber cooling chamber 33 is provided with heat-exchanging chamber cooling medium entrance 34 and heat-exchanging chamber cooling medium outlet 35, cooling medium (such as gas or liquid) can flow into, flow out described heat-exchanging chamber cooling chamber 33 by described heat-exchanging chamber cooling medium entrance 34 and heat-exchanging chamber cooling medium outlet 35, to control described heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31 temperature.Through the powder whereabouts of plasma heating melting, enter described heat-exchanging chamber 3 and lower the temperature with nodularization, then by described spherical powder outlet 32, sent.Preferably, the internal diameter of described heat-exchanging chamber 3 (being columniform internal diameter that described heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31 becomes) is 1.1～1.6 times of described arc chamber 1 internal diameter (be described arc chamber sidewall 13 the columniform internal diameter of one-tenth), more preferably 1.2～1.5 times of described arc chamber 1 internal diameter, thereby make the material in described arc chamber 1 when entering heat-exchanging chamber 3, can produce " throttling expansion effect ", be more conducive to the dispersion cooling of material.
In a preferred embodiment, described heat-exchanging chamber cooling chamber 33 comprises a plurality of independent cooling cavities of arranging successively along the axis direction of described heat-exchanging chamber 3, these independent cooling cavities can be introduced respectively identical or different cooling medium, make the temperature of described heat-exchanging chamber 3 inwalls controlled more flexibly, in the rational thermograde of the interior formation of described heat-exchanging chamber 3, to improve nodularization rate and the nodularization quality of powder.
In one embodiment, the equipment of ac plasma nodularization powder that utilizes provided by the present invention is used in powder nodularization system, as shown in Figure 4, described powder nodularization system also comprises cyclone separator 4, pneumatic filter 5 and the air-introduced machine 6 connecting successively, and the charging aperture of described cyclone separator 4 is connected by pipeline with described spherical powder outlet 32.
Powder nodularization system is as described in Figure 4 when operation, first to top cover cooling medium entrance 24, arc chamber cooling medium entrance 21 and heat-exchanging chamber cooling medium entrance 34, pass into cooling medium, in protective gas air inlet pipe 15, pass into air as protective gas, in working gas air inlet pipe 14, pass into argon gas as working gas; Connecting high frequency electric source is described inductance coil 2 power supplies, observes discharge scenario, until obtain stable plasma by described transparent window 19; Dihedral powder enters heat-exchanging chamber 3 after sending into plasma region heating and melting by powder feed pipe 12, by controlling heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31 temperature, make melting powder cooling nodularization, finally under air-introduced machine 6 effects, nodularization powder enters cyclone separator 4 together with gas, after nodularization powder is separated from the gas, be collected, isolated gas further filters by pneumatic filter 5, finally discharges.
Embodiment
The equipment of nodularization powder as Figure 1-3, wherein, the high 50cm of arc chamber sidewall 13, its internal diameter is 30cm; The high 70cm of heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31, its internal diameter is 50cm.Treat that nodularization raw material is the aluminium oxide that Zhun Neng development of resources Co., Ltd of Shenhua aluminium oxide pilot plant is produced, through grinding, meta particle diameter is that Fig. 5 is shown in by its SEM picture of 25 μ m().Pass into argon gas as working gas, flow is 1.3m
3/ h, passes into air as limit gas, and flow is 4.5m
3/ h, open high frequency electric source, frequency of oscillation is 4.0MHz, plasma power is 40kW, after a few minutes, obtain stable plasma, by powder feed system, dihedral alumina powder is passed into arc chamber 1, charging rate is 10g/min, utilize high-frequency plasma to carry out heating and melting, regulate temperature and the flow of heat-exchanging chamber cooling medium, controlling described heat-exchanging chamber sidewall 31 is 300 ℃, in cyclone separator 4 bottoms, collects the alumina powder (Fig. 6 is shown in by its SEM picture) after nodularization, and nodularization rate reaches more than 90%.
Claims (10)
1. utilize an equipment for ac plasma nodularization powder, comprise arc chamber, inductance coil and heat-exchanging chamber;
The cylindrical arc chamber sidewall that described arc chamber comprises top cover, powder feed pipe and is wound with described inductance coil; Described top cover seals the upper end of described arc chamber, and described powder feed pipe stretches in described arc chamber through described top cover, and arranges coaxially with described arc chamber;
Described heat-exchanging chamber comprises heat-exchanging chamber sidewall and the spherical powder outlet that is positioned at described heat-exchanging chamber bottom, and the top of described heat-exchanging chamber is communicated with the bottom of described arc chamber, and coaxially arranges with described arc chamber;
In described arc chamber, be provided with at least two working gas air inlet pipe, under the powder outlet of the described powder feed pipe of working gas outlet aligning of described working gas air inlet pipe, and be evenly arranged in same level around the central axis of described arc chamber;
In the upper end of described arc chamber sidewall, be provided with two and can make protective gas along the protective gas air inlet pipe that tangentially enters described arc chamber of described arc chamber sidewall, the protective gas of described protective gas air inlet pipe exports along on the described arc chamber sidewall of being circumferentially evenly arranged in of described arc chamber sidewall;
In described top cover, be provided with top cover cooling chamber, in described arc chamber sidewall, be provided with around its circumferential ring discharge chamber cooling chamber, in described heat-exchanging chamber sidewall, be provided with around its circumferential annular heat switch room cooling chamber.
2. equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described working gas air inlet pipe stretches in described arc chamber through described top cover, and the working gas Way out of described working gas air inlet pipe and the folded acute angle of described top cover are 25 °～40 °.
3. equipment according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the working gas outlet of described working gas air inlet pipe and the distance between the central axis of described arc chamber are 1/4～1/8 of described arc chamber sidewall internal diameter.
4. equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the powder outlet of described powder feed pipe is concordant with the upper end of described inductance coil, working gas outlet and the outlet of protection gas.
5. equipment according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the powder outlet flare of described powder feed pipe.
6. equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described heat-exchanging chamber cooling chamber comprises a plurality of independent cooling cavities of arranging successively along the axis direction of described heat-exchanging chamber.
7. equipment according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described top cover cooling chamber and described arc chamber cooling chamber are by external pipeline communication.
8. according to the equipment described in any one in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that, the internal diameter of described heat-exchanging chamber is 1.1～1.6 times of described arc chamber internal diameter.
9. equipment according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described arc chamber sidewall is provided with transparent window.
10. a powder nodularization system, comprise according to cyclone separator, pneumatic filter and the air-introduced machine of the equipment described in any one in claim 1-7 and connection successively, the charging aperture of described cyclone separator is connected with the spherical powder outlet of described equipment by pipeline.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104828857A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-08-12 | 柳州百韧特先进材料有限公司 | Device for preparing nano ITO powder by electric arc method |
| CN105689728A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2016-06-22 | 连云港倍特超微粉有限公司 | Device and method of producing metal alloy spherical powder for 3D printing |
| CN106512849A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-03-22 | 四川恒创博联科技有限责任公司 | Micro powder spheroidizing system |
| CN107824120A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-23 | 郑州大学 | It is a kind of that there is the superhigh temperature reactor for extending plasma arcs area |
| CN107896414A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-04-10 | 成都真火科技有限公司 | A kind of laminar flow plasma spheroidization method |
| CN108213451A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 彭徽 | A kind of method and apparatus of metal powder nodularization |
| CN109014225A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Globular metallic powder preparation facilities reactor and globular metallic powder preparation facilities |
| CN114713815A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Flight path optimization of powder particles for atomization powder preparation of plasma rotating electrode |
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| CN107824120A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-03-23 | 郑州大学 | It is a kind of that there is the superhigh temperature reactor for extending plasma arcs area |
| CN109014225A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Globular metallic powder preparation facilities reactor and globular metallic powder preparation facilities |
| CN114713815A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-08 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Flight path optimization of powder particles for atomization powder preparation of plasma rotating electrode |
| CN114713815B (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2023-08-01 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Powder particle flight path optimization for powder preparation by plasma rotating electrode atomization |
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