CN1037321C - Process for extracting heme and protein powder from animal blood - Google Patents
Process for extracting heme and protein powder from animal blood Download PDFInfo
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- CN1037321C CN1037321C CN93111228A CN93111228A CN1037321C CN 1037321 C CN1037321 C CN 1037321C CN 93111228 A CN93111228 A CN 93111228A CN 93111228 A CN93111228 A CN 93111228A CN 1037321 C CN1037321 C CN 1037321C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a processing and utilizing method of livestock blood, which is designed for separating hemoglobin from livestock blood and recovering protein. The processing and utilizing method comprises: livestock blood are prepared into blood powder; hemoglobin is extracted from the blood powder with a mixed solvent which mainly contains pyridinium; the extracted blood powder is washed with ethanol to obtain protein powder; extraction liquid is prepared into hemoglobin by and distillation drying with reduced pressure. The processing and utilizing method can be used as a preparation technique of hemoglobin, and protein powder can be obtained at the same time.
Description
The present invention relates to raise the processing and utilization of blood, is a kind ofly to separate the blood from poultry, makes haemachrome and reclaims the method for making protein powder.
Look into rope U.S. chemical abstract nineteen thirties 24 volume and reported ML.Anson and AEMirsky two human acidify acetone treatment hemoglobin for 3523 pages, make it the degeneration precipitation and obtain haemachrome solution simultaneously, in micro alkaline solution, obtain haemachrome.
The present invention comes by the 76 page of disclosed that class methods development of BJ University Press's in April, 1992 publication " from animal viscera and the medicinal and edible products of garbage extraction " book.
In known method, fresh Sanguis sus domestica adds 0.8% trisodium citrate, stirs evenly the back in 3000 rev/mins, centrifugal 15 minutes.Abandoning supernatant is collected erythrocyte.Erythrocyte adds the long-pending chloroform of pentaploid after adding the long-pending distilled water haemolysis of triploid, removes by filter fiber, collects filtrate [containing blood cell], adds the long-pending acetone soln [transferring pH to 2～3] that contains 3% hydrochloric acid of four～pentaploid in the filtrate, stirs extracting 10 minutes, filters then.The filtering residue drying is processed into protein powder; Filtrate is distilled in water-bath and is reclaimed acetone, treats that filtrate has precipitation to separate out when concentrating near doing, and is the haemachrome product after the sucking filtration drying.
Existing method is to make raw material with fresh Sanguis sus domestica, carries out haemachrome and proteinic separation and Extraction, but Sanguis sus domestica is easily corrupt, be not easy to store, also be not easy to transportation, must process at once on the spot, thereby existing method is unsuitable for originating and disperses the utilization of poultry blood, is difficult to form large-scale production.
Existing method is in erythrocyte original moisture content, also to additionally add the long-pending water of triploid and remove haemolysis, can make protein leak the shallow lake though add organic solvent later on, but existence because of big water gaging, the gained protein precipitation is the beans shape, wherein not only moisture but also contain organic solvent, the protein precipitation of isolated by filtration beans shape is an operation of trouble, big water gaging is arranged in the filtrate, the heat of gasification of water is much larger than common organic solvents, want moisture content that evaporate to dryness adds, cost extra energy, from contain big water gaging to steam the liquid Separation and Recovery organic solvent technology not very simple, recovery is not easy fully, the chloroform that still may contain hazardous substance in the water of Pai Chuing is at last produced from adapting in a word, simplified apparatus and technology and from saying that economically having method now all should give improvement
At the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of suitable China poultry blood raw material and disperse, under the situation of energy scarcity, be convenient to a large amount of processing, transportation, storage, and a large amount of energy savings of energy, the poultry blood processing and utilization method of simplification technology.
Method provided by the present invention, the phase I is in the places of origin of raw materials fresh animal blood to be made blood powder, as primary product.Its step is that [1] fresh animal blood or erythrocyte are dry under 60～90 ℃, blood powder is made in pulverizing; Erythrocyte stirs evenly the back centrifugalize by adding 0.8% trisodium citrate in the fresh animal blood and obtains.
The second stage that the invention provides method is to be separated into haemachrome and protein after the blood powder defat, the steps include: that [2] blood powder adds 8～13 times chloroform methanol mixed liquor [volume ratio 2: 1～1: 2], filter cloth filters or centrifugalize behind the agitator treating, this method washing and filtering of filtering residue reuse 1～2 time, last filtering residue is the defat blood powder.[3] the defat blood powder adds 8～16 times pyridine, acetone, concentrated hydrochloric acid mixed liquor [percent by volume 74～94%, 0～20%, 2～8%], filtration is left standstill in stirring, with the extracting haemachrome, this method operation of filtering residue reuse 2～3 times, filtrate is extract, and [4] blood powder after extracting washs with 6～10 times sodium hydroxide alcoholic solution [w/v 0.5～2%], and 2～3 last gained filtering residues of the washing with alcohol that filter cloth filtered filtration residue reuse is 6～10 times are the protein powder product, [5] extract adds sodium bicarbonate powder [w/v 7～10%] stirring deacidification, filter cloth filters then, and filtrate is in 70～90 ℃ of temperature, evaporate to dryness under 50～100 mmhg pressures, the solid that obtains is with 40 times deionized water wash filter 23～5 time, at last crystal be the haemachrome product in 70～80 ℃ of dryings.
Filtrate among the present invention program [2] is distilled under 55～65 ℃ of temperature, and the chloroform methanol mixed liquor is reclaimed in condensation, directly produces for following batch and uses, and the filtrate in [4] is reclaimed ethanol [76～80 ℃ of fractions] and pyridine through rectification, and is reusable; [5] gas phase that steams after the extract deacidification in is pyridine acetone mixed liquor after condensation, the dehydration back is reusable.
Solvent recovery process in the present invention program's [2], [4], [5] operation can adopt solvent liquid to reclaim after recycling method earlier again, promptly go up in batch production process second and third ... the solvent liquid that inferior washing [extracting] is got off, supply in the following batch production process respectively with first of operation, two ... inferior washing [extracting] usefulness reclaims and only for the first time the denseest mixed liquor is done distillation.
In the two-step method production procedure provided by the present invention, blood powder prepares a step equipment simply need not use special-purpose Factory Building, technological operation is grasped easily, so can process fresh animal blood on the spot, making behind the blood powder promptly can long term store, being convenient to transportation again, providing necessary condition for concentrating the large-scale production of carrying out haemachrome and Separation of Proteins, is the raw material of producing in second step with blood powder.Can do not raiseeed the originate influence of how many seasonal variations of blood, be convenient to rationally arrange production.This disperses China places of origin of raw materials, and significantly national conditions are particularly suitable to kill the poultry seasonality.
The degreasing process of second stage is almost carrying out under the anhydrous condition in the production procedure provided by the present invention.No longer add water in the used organic solvent, these organic solvents and solid protein matter unmixing, blood powder is insoluble under the anhydrous condition expands, and this is very favourable with separating of organic solvent to blood powder, leaves standstill after the stirring to get final product natural subsidence in 3～5 minutes.The supernatant is organic solvent, and precipitum is a blood powder.Can separate organic solvent with the method for the supernatant that inclines fully, certainly with filter or centrifugal better effects if some, the used organic solvent of the present invention has especially and plants in its recovery, and can reduce consumption, thereby reduce cost because of separating easily.
The present invention uses the organic solvent extracting haemachrome based on pyridine, because the dissolubility of haemachrome in pyridine is much larger than the dissolubility in chloroform or acetone, so extraction efficiency height of the present invention, and the extracting under anhydrous condition has only haemachrome to enter mixed organic solvents, this not only makes extract and protein be easy to separate, also having simplified simultaneously the aftertreatment technology of extract, only is that deacidification evaporate to dryness, washing get final product, and the simplification of technology can reduce cost.
The used organic solvent of the present invention does not add water, 1/3rd of the gasification latent heat of the general too late water of the gasification latent heat of organic solvent.The recovery of solvent be unable to do without distillation or rectification, and the distillation under the anhydrous condition can be saved a large amount of energy, and this is fit to the national conditions of China's energy scarcity very much.
As long as it is promptly reusable that blood powder defat of the present invention and the used mixed organic solvents of haemachrome extracting are removed non-volatile composition,, need one of the alcoholic acid recovery of having only of rectification so only need to get final product with the simple technology [for example distillation] that reclaims.
In the processing of the present invention's second stage after making blood powder except the need consumes energy, other consumption only be concentrated hydrochloric acid, conventional industrial chemicals such as sodium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate and a small amount of organic solvent, worthwhile from saying so economically.
Accompanying drawing has been described main flow chart of the present invention.
Now introduce a kind of implementation method of the present invention:
In fresh animal blood, add 0.8% trisodium citrate salt by weight, centrifugal behind the mixing, the erythrocyte of separating is pulverized after 65 ℃ of oven dry, cross the aperture and make blood powder less than 0.5 millimeter screen cloth.
In per 10 liters of last batch of exhausted chloroform methanol mixed liquor [volume ratio 1: 1], add 1 kilogram of blood powder, agitator treating is the filter cloth natural filtration after half an hour, add batch chloroform methanol mixed liquor [10 liters of consumption per kilogram blood powders] that reclaims in the filtering residue, repeat aforesaid operations once, be the defat blood powder after a small amount of organic solvent volatilization of filtering residue absorption, filtrate is reclaimed the chloroform methanol mixed liquor through simple distillation [the control temperature is below 65 ℃] condensation for the first time.For following batch of use, residue is phospholipid and other lipid material in the blood.Further separate can be used as by-product, to increase economic efficiency.
In the pyridine acetone concentrated hydrochloric acid mixed liquor [volume ratio 40: 10: 3] after last batch of extracting for the second time, in stirring 1 kilogram of per down 10 liters of adding defat blood powder, continue to stir half an hour, with the extracting haemachrome, left standstill 5 minutes, filter cloth natural filtration, filtrate are extract for the first time, and the amount of press 10 liters of the heavy per kilograms of blood powder in the filtering residue adds and goes up pyridine, the acetone concentrated hydrochloric acid mixed liquor of criticizing after the extracting for the third time.Repetitive operation.The amount of pressing 10 liters of per kilogram blood powders in the filtering residue adds to go up criticizes the synthetic pyridine in recovery back, acetone, concentrated hydrochloric acid mixed liquor, repetitive operation.
Add 10 liters in the blood powder after the per kilogram extracting and contain the 0.8%[w/v] the sodium hydroxide alcoholic solution, stir filter cloth natural filtration after half an hour, add to go up batch for the second time 10 liters of exhausted ethanol in the per kilogram filtering residue, stir filter cloth natural filtration after half an hour, add in the per kilogram filtering residue and go up 10 liters of batch exhausted for the third time ethanol, stir filter cloth natural filtration after half an hour, 10 liters of ethanol that add recovery in the per kilogram filtering residue, stir filter cloth natural filtration after half an hour, promptly get protein powder after a spot of ethanol volatilization in the filtering residue, merge sodium hydroxide ethanol filtrate and ethanol filtrate for the first time, after rectification, reclaim ethanol [and a small amount of pyridine acetone] for following batch of use.
Extract adds 0.7 kilogram of sodium bicarbonate powder for per 10 liters for the first time, and stir and made the mixed liquor deacidification in 3 hours, the filter cloth natural filtration, filtrate is evaporate to dryness under the pressure of 90～100 millimetress of mercury, and the bath temperature of heating is controlled at 75 ℃.Steam the pyridine acetone mixed liquor that the thing condensation is promptly reclaimed, residue is still being collected solid in 80 ℃ of insulations after half an hour under the pressure of 90～100 millimetress of mercury behind the evaporate to dryness, the deionization that weighs 40 times with solid is washed four times, the crystal that leaches at last is 75～80 ℃ of oven dry, be haemachrome, contain in the pyridine acetone mixed liquor that reclaims low amounts of water [by add concentrated hydrochloric acid and in and the time bring into], add behind the anhydrous sodium sulfate dehydration promptly reusablely by the amount of every liter of 50g, the sodium sulfate of inhaling water can use after washing with alcohol and oven dry repeatedly.
This embodiment of the present invention has following characteristics: the main special equipment of the first is simple, and no matter processing ease is defat, and extracting still is that the washing of filtering residue after the extracting can be finished in identical equipment.Owing to be natural filtration, can in same apparatus, finish stirring with filtration, the washing of filtering residue can be finished in same Sealing Arrangement after the extracting of a collection of like this defat blood powder and the extracting, until obtaining product albumen matter powder.Saved and filtered the trouble that the back solid material repeatedly shifts, also reduced the volatilization loss of solvent.
Two of characteristics are made raw material with blood powder, and the organic solvent of operations such as its defat, extracting is contrary recycling, and only the organic solvent to the concentration maximum distills processing, can significantly reduce the recovery cost of solvent.
Three of characteristics, the temperature during the present embodiment heating is lower, and organic product is difficult for destroyed.For example the essential amino acids in the gained protein powder is not destroyed, and helps keeping in the fresh animal blood egg from the nutritive value of matter.
Four of characteristics: the present embodiment still can obtain side-product, as phospholipid substance etc., can do further development and use.
Claims (2)
1. method of from poultry blood, extracting haemachrome and protein powder, it may further comprise the steps: (a) fresh animal blood is made blood powder 60-90 ℃ of dry down and pulverizing; Perhaps add 0.8% trisodium citrate by weight in fresh animal blood, stir evenly, centrifugalize obtains erythrocyte, and is dry down and pulverize and make blood powder at 60-90 ℃ then; (b) adding volume ratio with the consumption of 8-13 liter/kilogram in resulting blood powder is 2: 1 to 1: 2 chloroform methanol mixed liquor, separates behind the agitator treating, and filtering residue repeated washing again separates 1-2 time, obtains the defat blood powder; (c) the consumption adding percent by volume with 8-16 liter/kilogram is the mixed liquor of pyridine, acetone and the concentrated hydrochloric acid of 74-94%: 0-20%: 2-8% in the defat blood powder, stirs, and leaves standstill, and filters, and filtering residue is repeated to extract 2-3 time again, and merging filtrate is standby; (d) with the w/v of 6-10 liter/kilogram consumption the sodium hydroxide alcoholic solution washing of 0.5-2% the defat blood powder that extracted among the step c, filter the back the alcoholic solution of filtering residue reuse 6-10 liter/kilogram consumption washing 2-3 time, the filtering residue that obtains at last is a protein product; (e) add the sodium bicarbonate stirring deacidification that w/v is 7-10% in the filtrate in step c, filter, filtrate evaporate to dryness and with 40 times deionized water wash filter 23-5 under the pressure of 70-90 ℃ and 50-100 millimetres of mercury, the crystal that obtains at last is the haemachrome product.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of used chloroform methanol mixed liquor is 1: 1 among the step b, the per kilogram blood powder is with 10 liters; The volume ratio of the mixed liquor of used pyridine, acetone and concentrated hydrochloric acid is 40: 10: 3 among the step c, and per kilogram defat blood powder is with 10 liters; The w/v of used sodium hydroxide alcoholic solution is 0.8% in the steps d, and the blood powder after per kilogram extracts is with 10 liters; Used sodium bicarbonate powder consumption is that per 10 liters of extracting solution are with 0.7 kilogram among the step e.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93111228A CN1037321C (en) | 1993-05-06 | 1993-05-06 | Process for extracting heme and protein powder from animal blood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93111228A CN1037321C (en) | 1993-05-06 | 1993-05-06 | Process for extracting heme and protein powder from animal blood |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1094618A CN1094618A (en) | 1994-11-09 |
| CN1037321C true CN1037321C (en) | 1998-02-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN93111228A Expired - Fee Related CN1037321C (en) | 1993-05-06 | 1993-05-06 | Process for extracting heme and protein powder from animal blood |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1297282C (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2007-01-31 | 四川大学 | Process for preparing protoheme |
| CN101756013B (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2013-05-22 | 代祥 | Preparation method for an easily absorbed high protein blood powder |
| CN103755712B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2016-01-13 | 中山百灵生物技术有限公司 | Industrial extraction method of heme in sun-cured pig blood powder in slaughterhouse |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4330463A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1982-05-18 | Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" B.V. | Process of preparing blood cell protein from hemoglobin |
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1993
- 1993-05-06 CN CN93111228A patent/CN1037321C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4330463A (en) * | 1978-12-22 | 1982-05-18 | Internationale Octrooi Maatschappij "Octropa" B.V. | Process of preparing blood cell protein from hemoglobin |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《从动物脏器和废弃物提取药用和食用制品》1992.4.4 北京大学出版社 * |
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| CN1094618A (en) | 1994-11-09 |
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