CN103724993A - 一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103724993A
CN103724993A CN201310694324.5A CN201310694324A CN103724993A CN 103724993 A CN103724993 A CN 103724993A CN 201310694324 A CN201310694324 A CN 201310694324A CN 103724993 A CN103724993 A CN 103724993A
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glass fiber
reinforced nylon
fiber reinforced
matrix materials
water adsorption
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CN103724993B (zh
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刘正军
张祥福
周文
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Shanghai Pret Composites Co Ltd
Zhejiang Pret New Materials Co Ltd
Chongqing Pret New Materials Co Ltd
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Shanghai Pret Composites Co Ltd
Zhejiang Pret New Materials Co Ltd
Chongqing Pret New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，由以下重量百分比的原料组成：尼龙6树脂50～89％，短切玻璃纤维10～50％，超支化聚酰胺酯0.1～3％，其他助剂0.1～10％。本发明具有以下有益效果：1）通过超支化聚酰胺酯来促使注塑件快速达到水平衡状态，减少后期吸水变形，提高零部件装配舒适度，同时还能提高复合材料的流动性。2）本发明所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料加工性能好，刚性高，表观好。

Description

一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于高分子复合材料领域，具体涉及到一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料具有高强度、高耐热、高抗疲劳、低成形收缩等良好性能，因此被广泛应用于汽车、机械、家电、航空及军用部件等领域。
但玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料容易吸收环境中的水分，这会导致制成品尺寸稳定性差，后期装配困难。有很多的人都在研究如何减少尼龙6的吸水率，但无法根除尼龙6材料在环境中吸水这一特点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中存在的上述不足，提供一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料及其制备方法。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，由以下重量百分比的原料组成：
Figure BDA0000439591920000011
Figure BDA0000439591920000021
其中，所述的尼龙6树脂为己内酰胺开环缩聚物，其相对粘度为2.0-3.0。
所述的短切玻璃纤维是无碱玻璃纤维，其纤维直径为5～15μm，纤维长度为2～10mm。
所述的超支化聚酰胺酯的粘均分子量为1000-5000。
所述的其他助剂选自润滑剂、阻燃剂、抗氧剂和颜色助剂中的一种或几种。
所述的抗氧剂为四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸]季戊四醇酯、N，N’-六亚甲基双（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酰胺）和亚磷酸三（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）酯中的一种或几种混合。
上述快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料的制备方法，具体步骤如下：
1）按上述组份配比称取除短切玻璃纤维外的各种材料，在混料机混合3-5分钟；
2）然后将混合均匀的物料加入双螺杆挤出机，其中短切玻璃纤维从第一个排气口处侧位加入，挤出温度设定在210～250℃之间，主机转速是20～50赫兹，冷却，切粒，粒料用塑料注塑机制取样条。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1）通过超支化聚酰胺酯来促使注塑件快速达到水平衡状态，减少后期吸水变形，提高零部件装配舒适度，同时还能提高复合材料的流动性。
2）本发明所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料加工性能好，刚性高，表观好。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例和对比例进一步说明本发明，在不违反本发明的宗旨下，本发明应不限于以下实验例具体明示的内容。
实施例和对比例所用原材料如下：
尼龙6树脂，M2500，新会美达集团；
短切玻璃纤维，ECS301CL，重庆国际复合材料公司；
超支化聚酰胺酯，PS2550，DSM公司
抗氧剂，168和1010，瑞士汽巴精化公司。
在高速混合器中将上述组分（除短切玻璃纤维外）在室温下混合3分钟，用南京科亚公司生产的TE-35(L/D=36)双螺杆挤出机生产（短切玻璃纤维从第一个排气口位置侧位加入）。将得到的切片粒子在100℃的鼓风烘箱中干燥3小时后，用宁波海天HT1150B注射成型机制样。
性能测试
冲击强度和缺口冲击强度按ISO179-1执行，测试设备为德国Zwick B5102.202冲击试验机；拉伸性能测试按ISO527-2执行，测试设备为德国Zwick Z010电子拉力机，拉伸速度为5mm/min；弯曲性能的测试按ISO178执行，测试设备为Zwick Z010电子拉力机，跨距为64mm，速度为2mm/min；热变形温度按测试标准ISO75-2执行，测试设备为意大利CEAST公司的维卡热变形温度测试仪，负荷1.8MPa，升温速度为120℃/小时。吸水性能通过测试拉伸样条吸水率来表征，分别测试在实验室状态下存放24小时和7天的吸水率。
实施例1～5
复合材料中各种原材料的重量百分比如表1所示，双螺杆挤出机的温度分别是（自喂料口至挤出模头）：210℃，240℃，220℃，220℃，230℃。主机转速是30赫兹。
表1实施例1-5配方及材料性能表
Figure BDA0000439591920000051
对比例1～5
复合材料中各种原材料的重量百分比如表2所示，双螺杆挤出机的温度分别是（自喂料口至挤出模头）：210℃，240℃，220℃，220℃，230℃。主机转速是30赫兹。
表2对比例1-3配方及材料性能表
对比例 1 2 3
M2500（%） 84.6 69.6 54.6
ECS301CL（%） 15 30 45
1010（%） 0.2 0.2 0.2
168（%） 0.2 0.2 0.2
拉伸强度(MPa) 129.6 179.2 220.6
弯曲强度(MPa) 192.7 233.7 308.2
冲击强度(kJ/m2) 44.8 84.2 93.7
缺口冲击强度(kJ/m2) 8.3 13.8 17.1
热变形温度(℃) 190.3 205.2 206.5
24小时吸水率（%） 0.39 0.26 0.22
7天吸水率（%） 1.16 0.93 0.58
平衡吸水率（%） 1.8 1.6 1.3
注：对比例4无法挤出切料。
从实施例和对比例的结果来看，用超支化聚酰胺酯可以在短时间内接近玻璃纤维增强PA6复合材料的平衡吸水，能有效的减少后续的制件变形，减低制件装配困难。

Claims (7)

1.一种快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，其特征在于：由以下重量百分比的原料组成：
Figure FDA0000439591910000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，其特征在于：所述的尼龙6树脂为己内酰胺开环缩聚物，其相对粘度为2.0-3.0。
3.根据权利要求1所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，其特征在于：所述的短切玻璃纤维是无碱玻璃纤维，其纤维直径为5～15μm，纤维长度为2～10mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，其特征在于：所述的超支化聚酰胺酯的粘均分子量为1000-5000。
5.根据权利要求1所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，其特征在于：所述的其他助剂选自润滑剂、阻燃剂、抗氧剂和颜色助剂中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料，其特征在于：所述的抗氧剂为四[β-（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基）丙酸]季戊四醇酯、N，N’-六亚甲基双（3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酰胺）和亚磷酸三（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）酯中的一种或几种混合。
7.一种制备权利要求1所述快速吸水玻璃纤维增强尼龙6复合材料的方法，其特征在于：具体步骤如下：
1）按上述组份配比称取除短切玻璃纤维外的各种材料，在混料机混合3-5分钟；
2）然后将混合均匀的物料加入双螺杆挤出机，其中短切玻璃纤维从第一个排气口处侧位加入，挤出温度设定在210～250℃之间，主机转速是20～50赫兹，冷却，切粒，粒料用塑料注塑机制取样条。
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