A kind of manufacture method of thyristor chip
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacture method of thyristor chip, relate in particular to a kind of manufacture method of copper thyristor chip.
Background technology
Thyristor is the abbreviation of thyratron transistor, can be called silicon controlled rectifier again, is called in the past controllable silicon for short; Nineteen fifty-seven, General Electric Apparatus Co.(U.S.A.) developed first item thyristor product in the world, and in 1958 by its commercialization; Thyristor is PNPN four-level semiconductor structure, and it has three utmost points: anode, negative electrode and gate pole; Thyristor has the characteristic of silicon rectification device, can under high voltage, large current condition, work, and its course of work can be controlled, be widely used in the electronic circuits such as controlled rectification, AC voltage adjusting, contactless electronic beam switch, inversion and frequency conversion.
Existing thyristor chip is mostly irony or copper, in the manufacturing process of thyristor chip, in order to improve conduction property and the antioxygenic property of product, need to carry out silver-plated processing on the surface of thyristor chip, to improve conduction property and the antioxygenic property of product, so just increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
The manufacture method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of thyristor chip, solves the higher problem of manufacture method production cost that adopts existing thyristor chip in production process.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of manufacture method of thyristor chip, the method comprises the steps:
(1) filling: naked copper sheet, weld tabs, silicon chip, weld tabs, naked copper sheet are loaded successively into graphite welding plate;
(2) welding: the graphite welding plate after described step (1) filling is put into vacuum welding equipment and carry out vacuum welding and obtain thyristor chip proembryo;
(3) corrosion: the thyristor chip after described step (2) welding is corroded; In parts by volume, first the first acid corrosion that the glacial acetic acid that the sulfuric acid that the nitric acid that the hydrofluoric acid that to use by 9 parts of concentration be 40%-45%, 9 parts of concentration are 65%-68%, 4 parts of concentration are 98%, 12 parts of concentration are 99.9% forms, entering sour temperature is 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, first thyristor chip proembryo is put into fill the first acid the first container internal corrosion 200 to 300s, then by thyristor chip proembryo put into fill the first acid second container internal corrosion 200 to 300s; Then the second acid that the phosphoric acid that to rinse sour oxygen water that to put into by 1 part of concentration in 2 to 5 minutes be 35% again, 1 part of concentration be 99%, 2 parts of pure water form is corroded, and entering sour temperature is 40 ℃ to 60 ℃, and etching time is 60s to 90s; After take out rinsing, under normal temperature, the third solution that the ammoniacal liquor that to put into by a concentration be 35%, 5 parts of pure water form reacts 1 to 2 minute, then takes out flushing.
(4) dehydration: the thyristor chip proembryo after described step (3) corrosion is dewatered with absolute ethyl alcohol;
(5) baking: the copper chip after described step (4) dehydration is placed in baking box and is dried;
(6) gluing: the former embryo surface of thyristor chip after described step (5) baking is coated to the glue for the protection of silicon chip table top, then put into vacuum equipment and vacuumize, then take out drying adhesive;
(7) frictioning: by the upper and lower surface finish of thyristor chip proembryo after described step (6) gluing;
(8) deoxidation layer: the thyristor chip proembryo after described step (8) test is put into the described the second acid of step (3) and carry out pickling, then use pure water rinsing, then with absolute ethyl alcohol dehydration, finally dry;
(9) vacuum packaging: the copper chip after described step (9) deoxidation layer is carried out to vacuum packaging.
Prevent the oxidation in welding process, in described step (2) welding process, before welding, by logical vacuumize-100kp of nitrogen, change nitrogen number of times 5 to 6 times; In welding process, change nitrogen 1-3 time.
In order to guarantee to rinse well, the flushing described in described step (3) is pure water rinsing 2-5 minute, or Ultrasonic 5-10 minute.
In order to make to dry completely, described step (5) baking is in baking oven, and 150 ℃ are toasted 30 minutes to one hour, until dry.
For can be thoroughly by vacuumizing, remove the bubble on glue, in described step (6) gluing, vacuumize-10 to-20kp, keep half an hour.
Anti-oxidation, in described step (2) welding process, before welding, takes a breath by vacuumize-100kp and logical nitrogen, rate of ventilation 5 to 6 times; In welding process, change nitrogen 1-3 time.
In order to rinse well, the flushing described in described step (3) is pure water rinsing 2-5 minute, or Ultrasonic 5-10 minute.
For thorough oven dry, described step (5) baking is in baking oven, and 150 ℃ are toasted 30 minutes to one hour, until dry.
In described step (6) gluing, vacuumize-10 to-20kp, keep half an hour.
Preferably, described glue is DOW CORNING silica gel.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: thyristor chip is selected copper chip, in process of production, copper chip before producing is carried out to deoxidation processing and carry out again vacuum packaging, just can save in the general manufacturing process of existing irony or copper chip and need to carry out the oxidation resistance of improving product by silver-plated this operation, thereby reach the object of having saved production cost.In corrosion process, the first acid can be good at corrosion of silicon table top, improves the fineness of silicon chip table top, can be good at improving the breakdown characteristics of thyristor chip, and can reduce electric leakage, prevents secondary welding, has improved the yield of product; The second acid can be good at passivation silicon chip table top, removes unnecessary copper ion metal, improves the performance of thyristor chip; The third solution can effectively must neutralize the acidity of the thyristor chip proembryo after the first acid and the second acid, and reaction time and the control of entering sour temperature can guarantee that corrosion fully.In the first acid, in two containers, react respectively at twice, can guarantee to react completely fully.Before welding, by vacuumize-100kp and logical nitrogen, take a breath, rate of ventilation 5 to 6 times; In welding process, change nitrogen 1-3 time, can effectively prevent the oxidative phenomena in welding process.Rinse as pure water rinsing 2-5 minute, or Ultrasonic 5-10 minute, can be good at cleaning the thyristor chip after excessive erosion.Baking is in baking oven, and 150 ℃ are toasted 30 minutes to one hour, guarantees fully baking.In gluing, vacuumize-10 to-20kp, keep half an hour, extract bubble in glue out, can make glue cover the former embryo surface of thyristor chip completely, to reach protection table top, improve to resist and wear and ageing resistance.DOW CORNING silica gel can be good at seal protection silicon chip table top.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, a kind of manufacture method of thyristor chip, and the method comprises the steps:
(1) filling: naked copper sheet, weld tabs, silicon chip, weld tabs, naked copper sheet are loaded successively into graphite welding plate;
(2) welding: the graphite welding plate after described step (1) filling is put into vacuum welding equipment and carry out vacuum welding and obtain thyristor chip proembryo; Graphite welding plate has good heat transfer property, can the fine efficiency that must improve vacuum welding.
(3) corrosion: the thyristor chip after described step (2) welding is corroded; In parts by volume, first the first acid corrosion that the glacial acetic acid that the sulfuric acid that the nitric acid that the hydrofluoric acid that to use by 9 parts of concentration be 40%-45%, 9 parts of concentration are 65%-68%, 4 parts of concentration are 98%, 12 parts of concentration are 99.9% forms, entering sour temperature is 15 ℃ to 25 ℃, first thyristor chip proembryo is put into fill the first acid the first container internal corrosion 200 to 300s, then by thyristor chip proembryo put into fill the first acid second container internal corrosion 200 to 300s; Then the second acid that the phosphoric acid that to rinse sour oxygen water that to put into by 1 part of concentration in 2 to 5 minutes be 35% again, 1 part of concentration be 99%, 2 parts of pure water form is corroded, and entering sour temperature is 40 ℃ to 60 ℃, and etching time is 60s to 90s; After take out rinsing, under normal temperature, the third solution that the ammoniacal liquor that to put into by a concentration be 35%, 5 parts of pure water form reacts 1 to 2 minute, then takes out flushing.
(4) dehydration: the thyristor chip proembryo after described step (3) corrosion is dewatered with absolute ethyl alcohol; Absolute ethyl alcohol has good soaking effect, and thyristor chip proembryo be can be good at removing with absolute ethyl alcohol dehydration the water depending on thyristor chip proembryo, saves the time spent in subsequent technique baking procedure.
(5) baking: the copper chip after described step (4) dehydration is placed in baking box and is dried; Also under common sunlamp, dry now, because be directly to carry out at air ambient, oxidative phenomena easily occurs.
(6) gluing: the former embryo surface of thyristor chip after described step (5) baking is coated to the glue for the protection of silicon chip table top, then put into vacuum equipment and vacuumize, then take out drying adhesive; Glue can be good at protecting silicon chip table top, prevents that silicon chip table top from getting dirty, thereby the resistance that improves thyristor chip is worn and ageing resistance.Glue is selected DOW CORNING silica gel, has good sealing property, can well protect silicon chip table top.
(7) frictioning: by the upper and lower surface finish of thyristor chip proembryo after described step (6) gluing; The upper and lower surface of polishing, is for the surface of naked copper sheet is not covered by glue, is convenient to welding.
(8) deoxidation layer: the thyristor chip proembryo after described step (8) test is put into the described the second acid of step (3) and carry out pickling, then use pure water rinsing, then with absolute ethyl alcohol dehydration, finally dry; Guarantee that thyristor chip proembryo does not have oxidized, make the thyristor chip produced stable and reliable for performance.
(9) vacuum packaging: the copper chip after described step (9) deoxidation layer is carried out to vacuum packaging.Except the method by deoxidation layer, common means are zinc-plated after polishing at present, to protect thyristor chip not oxidized.
In described step (2) welding process, before welding, by logical vacuumize-100kp of nitrogen, change nitrogen number of times 5 to 6 times; In welding process, change nitrogen 1-3 time.Nitrogen belongs to inert gas, can not react with material, prevented that extraneous gas from entering simultaneously, before welding, change nitrogen number of times 5 to 6 times, can guarantee by nitrogen, to be covered completely in vacuum equipment, so that in welding process, thyristor chip proembryo not can with other gas generation chemical reaction, mainly contain oxidation reaction.In welding process, change nitrogen and be also for 1-3 time and above-mentioned same object.
Flushing described in described step (3) is pure water rinsing 2-5 minute, or Ultrasonic 5-10 minute.Two kinds of backwashing manners are all in order thoroughly to clean the thyristor chip proembryo after corrosion.
Described step (5) baking is in baking oven, and 150 ℃ are toasted 30 minutes to one hour, until dry.Concrete baking time is to determine according to the humidity of thyristor chip, guarantees to dry just.
In described step (6) gluing, vacuumize-10 to-20kp, keep half an hour, so that after gluing, the bubble between glue and thyristor chip proembryo is eliminated completely, thereby reaches the object of protection silicon chip table top.
After described step (9), also comprise testing procedure, test comprises normal temperature test and two parts of high temperature test, and described high temperature test refers to the thyristor chip after normal temperature test to be placed on aluminum heating station and to test, and probe temperature is 150 ℃.Test respectively forward voltage drop and the reverse voltage of both positive and negative polarity tube core, during normal temperature test, electric leakage is qualified below 1uA; During high temperature test, electric leakage is qualified at 100uA.
The present invention can effectively save the cost of manufacture of thyristor chip, can be widely used in the making of thyristor chip.