CN103695826B - The thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base - Google Patents

The thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base Download PDF

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CN103695826B
CN103695826B CN201310714808.1A CN201310714808A CN103695826B CN 103695826 B CN103695826 B CN 103695826B CN 201310714808 A CN201310714808 A CN 201310714808A CN 103695826 B CN103695826 B CN 103695826B
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forging
steel ingot
base
nickel
large size
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CN103695826A (en
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赵明汉
颜晓峰
马章林
张继
段春华
黄彦奕
韩光炜
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Central Iron and Steel Research Institute
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Abstract

A thin brilliant forging method for large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base, belongs to technical field of forging.Use the recombining process of ingot blank homogenizing+classification forging to make the thin crystal bar base of GH690 nickel-base alloy, the described forging crystal grain of excellent base can be made to become evenly tiny, thus meet fine grained texture's uniformity controlling requirement of final large size alloy forged piece.On the basis of controlling distortion temperature and each fire time deflection, carry out classification upsetting pull cogging repeatedly, end lubrication and lateral confinement technology is adopted to make forging heat forming, and fast cooling, to eliminate the grain coarsening that deformation heating causes, finally obtains that carbide is even, the forging tissue of grain refining.

Description

The thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of forging, particularly relate to the thin brilliant forging method of a kind of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base.
Background technology
GH690 alloy (external corresponding trade mark Inconel690) is the anti-corrosion wrought superalloy of a kind of Ni-Cr-Fe base, and its nominal composition is (wt%) Ni-30Cr-10Fe.The Cr of high-content makes it under various working condition, have excellent corrosion resistance, and its variant production form especially large size alloy forged piece now obtains widespread use in fields such as nuclear power, space flight, naval vessel, petrochemical industry and building materials.Along with the development of the industrial technologies such as nuclear power, the harshness day by day of usage environment, requires that this alloy forged piece not only should have improved corrosion performance, also should have higher tensile strength and fatigue property.And the C(0.01 ~ 0.04wt% of GH690 alloy only containing trace) and Al, Ti(≤0.5wt% of low levels) element, precipitation strength phase content is low, and the high-tensile therefore required and fatigue property should make large size alloy forged piece have even fine grain structure (refined crystalline strengthening).But, existing forging process is generally become a useful person without the direct hammer cogging of Homogenization Treatments by steel ingot, without upsetting pull process repeatedly, and Heating temperature is higher in forging process, fire time deformation amount controlling is not tight, makes the grain structure of this alloy large size forging intermediate blank (excellent base) produced thick, carbide is uneven, cause the even fine grained texture of final forging to control difficulty, lumber recovery is low, and use properties is unstable thus hinder the further application of alloy.Along with the demand of the GH690 alloy forged piece of existing application increases fast, the demand of the more high performance large size GH690 nickel-base alloy forging that the industrial technology of new development adopts will be day by day urgent, therefore invent and the thin brilliant the forging method stablize excellent base of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy forging will provide very important guarantee for industrial tremendous developments such as China's nuclear powers.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the thin brilliant forging method of a kind of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base, the recombining process of ingot blank homogenizing+classification forging is used to make the thin crystal bar base of GH690 nickel-base alloy, the described forging crystal grain of excellent base can be made to become evenly tiny, thus meet fine grained texture's uniformity controlling requirement of final large size alloy forged piece.On the basis of controlling distortion temperature and each fire time deflection, carry out classification upsetting pull cogging repeatedly, end lubrication and lateral confinement technology is adopted to make forging heat forming, and fast cooling, to eliminate the grain coarsening that deformation heating causes, finally obtains that carbide is even, the forging tissue of grain refining.The technical parameter controlled in concrete technology is as follows:
Large size GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot (Φ 550 ~ 600mm) 1, is provided, this steel ingot is carried out in heat treatment furnace Homogenization Treatments tentatively to eliminate the segregation of Ti and C element;
2, heat this steel ingot, jumping-up obtains a biscuit, then the pulling of this biscuit is obtained secondary bar;
3, heat described secondary bar, then jumping-up obtains secondary biscuit, then the pulling of this biscuit is obtained three bars;
4, heat described three bars, then jumping-up obtains three biscuits, then the pulling of this biscuit is obtained four bars (intermediate blank bar);
5, described four bars (intermediate blank bar) are heated, by just forging and finish-forging obtain thin crystal bar base.
In the above-mentioned methods, every fire (complete once to heat and forge and be called a fire) deflection >=30%(maximum 50%).
Steel ingot described in step 1 obtains preferably by vacuum induction+esr duplex technique.Described homogenizing condition is that (scope, such as (1100-1200 DEG C) × (10-36h) are preferably 1180 DEG C × 36h.
Step 2 realizes preferably by following technique: first GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot is heated to 1130 DEG C ~ 1180 DEG C in process furnace, preferred range is 1160 ~ 1180 DEG C, then on forging press, described steel ingot jumping-up is highly obtained a biscuit to 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of raw steel ingot height.Again this biscuit pulling is changed back to 4/5 ~ 1 times of raw steel ingot height and highly obtain secondary bar.
Step 3 realizes preferably by following technique: first the secondary bar described in step 2 is heated to 1130 DEG C ~ 1180 DEG C in process furnace, preferred range is 1160 ~ 1180 DEG C, then on forging press described secondary bar again jumping-up highly obtain secondary biscuit to 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of this steel ingot height.Again the pulling of described secondary biscuit is changed back to 4/5 ~ 1 times of raw steel ingot height and highly obtain three bars.
Step 4 realizes preferably by following technique: first described three bars are heated to 1130 DEG C ~ 1180 DEG C in process furnace, preferred range is 1160 ~ 1180 DEG C, then on forging press described three bars again jumping-up highly obtain three biscuits to 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of this steel ingot height.Again the pulling of described three biscuits is changed back to 3/2 ~ 5/3 times of raw steel ingot and highly obtain four bars (intermediate blank bar).
Step 5 realizes preferably by following technique: first described four bars (intermediate blank bar) are heated to 1050 DEG C ~ 1120 DEG C in process furnace, preferred range is 1100 DEG C ~ 1120 DEG C, carry out 3/2 ~ 2 times height of just forging pulling to four bar (intermediate blank bar) height, then in process furnace, be heated to 950 DEG C ~ 1080 DEG C, preferred range is 1000 DEG C ~ 1080 DEG C, and finish-forging pulls out 7/2 ~ 4 times of four bars (intermediate blank bar) height and highly obtains thin crystal bar base.
In aforesaid method, described jumping-up and pulling operation are all carried out on forging press.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The thin brilliant forging method of a kind of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base of the present invention, adopt the recombining process of ingot blank homogenizing+classification forging, on the basis of controlling distortion temperature and each fire time deflection, carry out classification upsetting pull cogging repeatedly, and fast cooling, to eliminate the grain coarsening that deformation heating causes, finally obtains that carbide is even, the forging tissue of grain refining.This is the novel method that a kind of nickel-base alloy rod base being applicable to low precipitation strength phase is produced.
Appearance of the present invention, makes the crystal grain of GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base become evenly tiny, thus meets fine grained texture's uniformity controlling requirement of final large size alloy forged piece.Improve the stability of lumber recovery and tissue, therefore to invent and the thin brilliant forging method stablizing the excellent base of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy forging will provide very important guarantee for the tremendous development of the industry such as China's nuclear power.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of the thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base.
Fig. 2 is the sampling schematic diagram of the large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base of embodiment 1,2.
Fig. 3 is the interior tissue structure figure of the large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base of embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the interior tissue structure figure of the large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Implement the thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy of the present invention rod base, need the original steel ingot of GH690 nickel-base alloy after homogenizing heat treatment furnace, forge furnace, forging press and esr are provided.
Fig. 1 shows the technical process of the thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base, and specific embodiment is as follows.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of thin brilliant forging method step of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base is as follows:
Step 1: Homogenization Treatments.GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot is heated to 1180 DEG C in heat treatment furnace and is incubated 36 hours.
Step 2: jumping-up.GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is heated to 1180 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press, described steel ingot jumping-up is highly obtained a biscuit to 1/2 times of raw steel ingot height.A described biscuit carries out pulling out the height changing back to raw steel ingot and obtains secondary bar on forging press.
Step 3: the secondary bar described in step 2 is heated to 1180 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press described secondary bar again jumping-up highly obtain secondary biscuit to 1/2 times of this steel ingot height.Described secondary biscuit carries out pulling out the height changing back to raw steel ingot and obtains three bars on forging press.
Step 4: time bar of three described in step 3 is heated to 1180 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press described three bars again jumping-up highly obtain three biscuits to 1/2 times of this steel ingot height.Three times described biscuits carry out pulling out and change back to 3/2 of raw steel ingot and highly obtain four bars (intermediate blank bar) on forging press.
Step 5: described four bars (intermediate blank bar) are heated to 1100 DEG C in process furnace, carry out the 9/5 times height of just forging pulling to intermediate blank bar, then in process furnace, be heated to 1050 DEG C, finish-forging pulls out 18/5 times of intermediate blank bar and highly obtains thin crystal bar base.
The excellent base obtained is sampled, sampling mode as shown in Figure 2, sample position: in L/4 length, the position sample (10 × 10 × 15mm) of r/2, metallographic face with axially parallel, and with excellent base tangentially parallel (radial vertical).
Test acquired print, its interior tissue structure (amplifies 100 times under microscope) as shown in Figure 3.
Result shows: the carbide of this excellent base is even, and crystal grain is tiny, and grain fineness number reaches U.S. ASTM standard 6 grades, provides guarantee for final production goes out the uniform large size alloy forged piece of fine grained texture.
Embodiment 2
A kind of thin brilliant forging method step of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base is as follows:
Step 1: GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot is heated to 1180 DEG C in heat treatment furnace and is incubated 36 hours.
Step 2: the GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot after Homogenization Treatments is heated to 1160 DEG C in process furnace, then highly obtains a biscuit described steel ingot jumping-up to 2/5 times of raw steel ingot height on forging press.Again described biscuit is carried out pulling out 9/10 times of changing back to raw steel ingot on forging press and highly obtain secondary bar.
Step 3: described secondary bar is heated to 1160 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press described secondary bar again jumping-up highly obtain secondary biscuit to 2/5 times of this steel ingot height.Described secondary biscuit is carried out pulling out 9/10 times of changing back to raw steel ingot on forging press and highly obtains three bars.
Step 4: described three bars are heated to 1160 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press described three bars again jumping-up highly obtain three biscuits to 2/5 times of this steel ingot height.Described three biscuits are carried out pulling out 3/2 times of changing back to raw steel ingot on forging press and highly obtains four bars (intermediate blank bar).
Step 5: intermediate blank bar pulls out.Described in step 7 four time bar (intermediate blank bar) is heated to 1100 DEG C in process furnace, carry out the 9/5 times height of just forging pulling to intermediate blank bar, then in process furnace, be heated to 1050 DEG C, finish-forging pulls out 18/5 times of intermediate blank bar and highly obtains thin crystal bar base.
The excellent base obtained is sampled, sampling mode as shown in Figure 2, sample position: in L/4 length, the position sample (10 × 10 × 15mm) of r/2, metallographic face with axially parallel, and with excellent base tangentially parallel (radial vertical).
Test acquired print, its interior tissue structure (amplifies 100 times under microscope) as shown in Figure 4.
Result shows: the carbide of this excellent base is even, and crystal grain is tiny, and grain fineness number reaches U.S. ASTM standard 6 grades, provides guarantee for final production goes out the uniform large size alloy forged piece of fine grained texture.

Claims (3)

1. a thin brilliant forging method for large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base, it is characterized in that, the technical parameter controlled in technique is as follows:
1) large size GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot is carried out Homogenization Treatments to eliminate the segregation of Ti and C element in heat treatment furnace; Large size GH690 nickel-base alloy steel ingot is of a size of Φ 550 ~ 600mm;
2) described steel ingot is heated to 1130 DEG C ~ 1180 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press, described steel ingot jumping-up is highly obtained a biscuit to 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of raw steel ingot height; Again this biscuit pulling is changed back to 4/5 ~ 1 times of raw steel ingot height and highly obtain secondary bar;
3) described secondary bar is heated to 1130 DEG C ~ 1180 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press described secondary bar again jumping-up highly obtain secondary biscuit to 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of this steel ingot height; Again the pulling of described secondary biscuit is changed back to 4/5 ~ 1 times of raw steel ingot height and highly obtain three bars;
4) described three bars are heated to 1130 DEG C ~ 1180 DEG C in process furnace, then on forging press described three bars again jumping-up highly obtain three biscuits to 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of this steel ingot height; Again the pulling of described three biscuits is changed back to 3/2 ~ 5/3 times of raw steel ingot and highly obtain four bars;
5) described four bars are heated to 1050 DEG C ~ 1120 DEG C in process furnace, carry out 3/2 ~ 2 times height of just forging pulling to four bar height, then in process furnace, be heated to 950 DEG C ~ 1080 DEG C, finish-forging pulls out 7/2 ~ 4 times of four bar height and highly obtains thin crystal bar base;
Every fire time deflection >=30%, maximum 50%.
2. forging method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 4) in heating temperature range be 1160 ~ 1180 DEG C.
3. forging method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 5) in four bar heating temperature range before just forging pulling be 1100 DEG C ~ 1120 DEG C, four bar heating temperature range after just forging pulling are 1000 DEG C ~ 1080 DEG C.
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