CN105170865B - A kind of crystal grain control method of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid - Google Patents
A kind of crystal grain control method of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid Download PDFInfo
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- CN105170865B CN105170865B CN201510646134.5A CN201510646134A CN105170865B CN 105170865 B CN105170865 B CN 105170865B CN 201510646134 A CN201510646134 A CN 201510646134A CN 105170865 B CN105170865 B CN 105170865B
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- forging
- lid
- shearing
- alloys
- steel ingot
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/20—Making machine elements valve parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/02—Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies ; Punching during forging
- B21J5/027—Trimming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
Abstract
A kind of crystal grain control method of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid, belongs to materials processing technology field.The problems such as the method aims to solve the problem that explosive valve GH690 alloy materials shearing lid forging uneven microstructure, abnormal grain growth.Technology for Heating Processing is organically combined with forging technology, is proposed in high temperature（1020℃‑1150℃）Implement aximal deformation value flat-die forging, middle temperature（710℃‑850℃）Implement the forging of small deformation amount loose tool, the inhibition that auxiliary is moved by carbide second phase particle to crystal boundary suppresses the process of the abnormal grain growth in shearing lid forging process.In the present invention forging forming and crystal grain refinement synchronously carry out, shearing lid forging is obtained by two fire time, the process limitation of existing high temperature multiple fractionation forging processing simple structure forging is overcome, reduce forging times, it is to avoid GH690 nickel-base alloys shear the subsequent heat treatment of lid forging.Using the method forging processing explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid, can obtain that carbide is uniform, the tissue of crystal grain refinement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crystal grain control method of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid, belong to materials processing technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Explosive valve is introduced into first as a kind of Special valve in pressurized-water reactor nuclear power plant of new generation, is mainly used in unloading automatically
In pressure system, low head injection system and containment recirculating system, in the case of major accident, triggered by Open valve signal
Explosion unit, the gases at high pressure of generation promote the piston movement in valve, the blind pipe of cutting-off valve latus rectum, that is, cut shearing
Lid, cooling water can be cooled down into reactor core, prevent nuclear reactor from continuing to run with, so as to improve nuclear power station to greatest extent
Security.Fig. 1 is explosive valve valve opening principle schematic.
Shearing lid is the critical component that explosive valve is on active service with valve opening action executing safely, and material is that 0Cr30Ni60Fe10 is closed
Golden (trade mark is GH690), at present using the manufacture of forging+heat treatment+machining process.GH690 is a kind of about 30%Cr contents
Austenitic nickel-based alloy, with high intensity, excellent anti-various acid/base aqueous mediums corrosion and high-temperature atmosphere erosiveness, good
Good metallurgical stability and excellent processing characteristics, are widely used in the visual plant of nuclear power station pressurized water reactor.GH 690
Alloy is in common process temperature（1160℃-1180℃）During lower forging molding, high temperature and deflection deficiency are susceptible to two
Secondary recrystallization, so as to cause crystal grain uneven and the problems such as abnormal growth.Fig. 2 is explosive valve shearing lid forging schematic diagram, actual
Product includes the shearing lid of different model explosive valve assembling, although size is different, shape and structure is close, is respectively provided with thickness
Wall, the complex-shaped and uneven forging technology feature of plastic deformation.Forging appearance profile need shaping tire in forge bar stock into
Shape, limits the deflection of forging bottom section, and under high temperature and the dual unfavorable factor effect of small deformation amount, shearing base portion is not
Secondary recrystallization occurs in which can avoid causes abnormal grain growth, and this kind of heterogeneous structure cannot be eliminated by subsequent heat treatment,
The crystal grain reduction GH690 alloy material intensity of abnormal growth, the tissue of lack of homogeneity increases the electricity of alloy substrate different parts
Electrode potential difference, is degrading intercrystalline corrosion and stress corrosion performance of the alloy under high temperature aqueous medium military service operating mode, influence shearing
The reliability and service life of lid.
For the problem of GH690 alloy finished product pipe grain structures uniformity controlling difference, uneven factor Z evaluations can be introduced
Structural homogenity, designs that single, double passage is cold rolling and annealing experiment（University of Science ＆ Technology, Beijing journal 2012, volume 34, the 4th
Phase, 410-416 pages）, test result indicate that：690 alloy hollow forgings are cold rolling through the single pass of deflection 50%, and 5 are incubated at 1100 DEG C
Grain structure is most uniform after the intermediate annealing process of min；Hollow forging is cold through the two pass time that one or two pass deformations are followed successively by 50%, 70%
Roll, using the intermediate annealings of 1100 DEG C of min of soaking time 5 between twice cold rolling process, be finally incubated at 1060 DEG C 5 min or
The structural homogenity that 1100 DEG C of person insulation, 3 min carry out solution treatment acquisition is best, it is ensured that grain size index between 5 grades and
Between 9 grades.Cold rolling+annealing process technology is poor to the GH690 compo pipe grain structure uniformity controllings of solution simple structure, thin-walled
Problem it is very effective, sheared for heavy wall and lid forging and molding and do not applied to.
Patent《The fine grain forging method of large scale GH690 nickel-base alloy bar stocks》(A of publication number CN 103695826), profit
Homogenized with ingot blank（1100℃-1200℃）+ multiple fractionation is forged（1160℃-1180℃）Combination process make GH690
Nickel-base alloy fine grain bar stock, can make the crystal grain of the forging bar stock becomes uniform tiny.Although the classification of upset pulling repeatedly
Forging technology can obtain the tiny bar stock of crystal grain, but due to shearing lid forging complex contour, be in loose tool internal shaping, it is impossible to should
With the crystal grain thinning technology of upset pulling repeatedly, and the shaping characteristic that overall deformation is uneven and deformation of bottom amount is small, it is impossible to keep away
Exempt from shearing and cover that secondary recrystallization occurs at a temperature of common process during loose tooling forging.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of crystal grain control method of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid, it is intended to solve explosive valve GH690
The problems such as alloy material shearing lid forging uneven microstructure, abnormal grain growth.Forging deformation amount, forging temperature and the second phase grain
Son is three key factors for influenceing forging process crystal grain to grow up：Forging process aximal deformation value is conducive to broken big crystal grain, refinement
Tissue；Temperature is higher, the easier migration of crystal boundary, the easier roughening of crystal grain；Second phase particles can hinder crystal boundary migration, reduce crystal grain
Growth rate.The present invention is proposed in high temperature for shearing lid forging processing problem（1020℃-1150℃）When implement aximal deformation value
Flat-die forging, middle temperature（710℃-850℃）When implement the process of small deformation amount loose tool forging, it is interval in this neutral temperature,
Carbide is separated out as second phase particles, plays a part of further to hinder crystal boundary to move, and suppresses shearing lid forging process
In abnormal grain growth.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of crystal grain control method of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing lid, it is described
Method uses following steps：
（1）The steel ingot that from grain grade be 3-8 grades, the Ni-based GH690 alloys of even tissue are raw material, the steel ingot
Diameter is not less than the 145% of design shearing lid smallest cross-sectional diameter, steel ingot is placed in 1020 DEG C of -1150 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces and is heated,
The steel ingot is forged on forging press, pulls out the water-cooled to the 85-95% of a diameter of shearing lid smallest cross-sectional diameter；
（2）The steel ingot is placed on solution treatment in 1020 DEG C of -1100 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces, grain boundaries carbide M is allowed23C6Fill
Divide dissolving, Cr, Ti, C alloy element are uniformly solidly soluted into austenitic matrix；
（3）The steel ingot is placed in 710 DEG C of -850 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces and is incubated 10-15 hours, allow M23C6Along crystal boundary with not
Continuous particulate form is separated out；
（4）The steel ingot is taken out from heat-treatment furnace, is placed in shearing lid shaping tire and is forged and be molded and use drift
Punching；
（5）Forging is taken out into shaping after upset, is put into 710 DEG C of -850 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces and is incubated 5-10 hours, make carbonization
After thing stabilization, the uniform stress relief annealing of composition, air cooling is taken out.
The beneficial effect of patent of the present invention is：
（1）Solve shearing lid forging uneven microstructure, abnormal grain growth problem.
The warm treatment high, middle of GH690 alloys is organically combined with forging, the significantly deformation refinement of step 1
The original grain of steel billet, step 2,3 solution treatment+Ageing Treatment ensure that carbide along the discontinuous precipitation of crystal boundary and composition
Uniformity, step 4 middle temperature finish-forging shaping shearing lid, suppress secondary recrystallization generation, meanwhile, along crystal boundary be distributed carbonization
Thing second phase particles effectively play pinning effect to crystal boundary, efficiently avoid the abnormal growth of crystal grain.
（2）Resistance of deformation and strain cracking risk are reduced compared with cold working.
Under higher than 700 DEG C of temperature conditionss, GH690 alloy deformation drags are drastically reduced, step 1 1020 DEG C of high temperature-
1150 DEG C complete steel ingot and significantly deform, and step 2 completes the deformation by a small margin that final shearing is covered for 710 DEG C -850 DEG C in middle temperature,
When the resistance of deformation of GH690 alloys is only room temperature under 710 DEG C of -850 DEG C of temperature conditionss 50%, preferable plasticity is maintained, reduce
Strain cracking risk.
（3）Reduce forging times in the fine grain forging method of prior art large scale GH690 nickel-base alloy bar stocks.
The method of the existing fire time of high temperature forging technique four jumping-up pulling repeatedly obtains fine grain bar stock, forging forming of the present invention with
Crystal grain refinement is synchronously carried out, and shearing lid forging is obtained by two fire time, simplifies forging technology flow.
（4）Eliminate GH690 nickel-base alloys shearing lid subsequent heat treatment.
Existing GH690 nickel-base alloys shearing lid forging process process is first to forge, then solution treatment+TT Ageing Treatments,
The present invention together with combined with heat treatment, without carrying out follow-up solution treatment+TT Ageing Treatments again, simplifies forging and molding
Technological process, reduces production cost.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is explosive valve valve opening principle schematic.
Fig. 2 is explosive valve shearing lid forging schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is embodiment DN450C shearing lid forging deformation process sequence diagrams.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, details of the invention is further illustrated：
By DN450C shearing lid forging as a example by, its design a diameter of 470 mm of smallest cross-sectional, purchase grain grade for 4 grades,
The GH690 nickel-base alloy bar stock steel ingots of even tissue, a diameter of 700 mm（Lid smallest cross-sectional diameter is sheared in about design
150%）, using sawing machine blanking, length is about 345 mm, the steel ingot is heated in 1100 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces, institute on forging press
State steel ingot and forge to pull out to diameter and be about 460 mm（The 90% of lid smallest cross-sectional diameter is sheared in about design）, it is about 790 mm, water
It is cold；By steel ingot solution treatment in 1050 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces, grain boundary carbide M after solution treatment23C6Fully dissolving, Cr,
Ti, C alloy element are uniformly solidly soluted into austenitic matrix；The steel ingot is incubated 12 hours in 750 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces, it is ensured that
M23C6Separated out with discontinuous particle shape along crystal boundary；The steel ingot is taken out from heat-treatment furnace and is placed in shearing lid shaping tire
Forge and be molded and use drift punching；Forging is taken out into shaping after upset, is put into 750 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces and is incubated 5 hours, taken out
Air cooling afterwards；The final grain size number that obtains is 6 grades of shearing lid forging of even tissue, and performance reaches nuclear structural materials technological document
It is required that.Specific forging deformation processing step is shown in Fig. 3.
Claims (1)
1. the crystal grain control method that a kind of explosive valve GH690 alloys shearing is covered, it is characterized in that：Methods described uses following steps：
（1）The Ni-based steel ingot that from grain grade be 3-8 grades, the Ni-based GH690 alloys of even tissue are raw material, the Ni-based steel
The diameter of ingot is not less than the 145% of design shearing lid smallest cross-sectional diameter, and Ni-based steel ingot is placed on 1020 DEG C of -1150 DEG C of heat treatments
Heated in stove, the Ni-based steel ingot is forged on forging press, is pulled out to the 85-95% of a diameter of shearing lid smallest cross-sectional diameter
Water-cooled afterwards；
（2）The Ni-based steel ingot is placed on solution treatment in 1020 DEG C of -1100 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces, grain boundaries carbide M is allowed23C6Fill
Divide dissolving, Cr, Ti, C alloy element are uniformly solidly soluted into austenitic matrix；
（3）The Ni-based steel ingot is placed in 710 DEG C of -850 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces and is incubated 10-15 hours, allow M23C6Along crystal boundary with not
Continuous particulate form is separated out；
（4）The Ni-based steel ingot is taken out from heat-treatment furnace, is placed in shearing lid shaping tire and is forged and be molded and use drift
Punching；
（5）Forging is taken out into shaping after upset, is put into 710 DEG C of -850 DEG C of heat-treatment furnaces and is incubated 5-10 hours, make carbide steady
After fixed, the uniform stress relief annealing of composition, air cooling is taken out.
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| CN1058757C (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 2000-11-22 | 沈阳黎明发动机制造公司 | Method for nickel-base high-temp. alloy forging and bar acquiring uniform superfine crystalline grain |
| JP6011098B2 (en) * | 2011-07-25 | 2016-10-19 | 大同特殊鋼株式会社 | Manufacturing method of engine exhaust valve for large ship |
| JP6315319B2 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2018-04-25 | 日立金属株式会社 | Method for producing Fe-Ni base superalloy |
| JP6223743B2 (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2017-11-01 | 株式会社東芝 | Method for producing Ni-based alloy |
| CN103695826B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2015-07-29 | 钢铁研究总院 | The thin brilliant forging method of large size GH690 nickel-base alloy rod base |
| CN104674144B (en) * | 2015-02-28 | 2016-10-05 | 钢铁研究总院 | Nuclear power heap large scale high-strength thin-crystal nickel-based high-temperature alloy forge piece heat treatment method |
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