CN103667808A - Al-Fe aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and aluminum alloy cable - Google Patents
Al-Fe aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and aluminum alloy cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides Al-Fe aluminum alloy. The invention additionally provides a preparation method of the Al-Fe aluminum alloy. The preparation method of the Al-Fe aluminum alloy comprises the steps of a) casting aluminum alloy ingots; b) sequentially performing solid solution treatment and aging treatment on the aluminum alloy ingots, and rolling the aluminum alloy ingots after the aging treatment to obtain the aluminum alloy. The invention additionally provides an aluminum alloy cable. By selecting and controlling added elements and by adopting a proper preparation process, the aluminum alloy is enabled to have better comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy technology field, relate in particular to a kind of Al-Fe aluminium alloy, its preparation method and aluminium alloy cable.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is a most widely used class non-ferrous metal structured material in industry, and it is used widely in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinofacture, boats and ships and chemical industry.Along with the develop rapidly of science and technology and industrial economy, the demand of aluminium alloy is increasing, so the research of aluminium alloy also thereupon deeply.The widespread use of aluminium alloy has promoted the development of aluminium alloy in power industry, and the Application Areas of aluminium alloy has been widened again in the development of power industry simultaneously.
Base components-the power cable of power industry is that its basic structure is comprised of core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer four parts for carrying and distribute the resource of electric energy.Wherein, core is the current-carrying part of power cable, is used for transmission of electric energy, and it is the major portion of power cable; Insulation layer will be isolated from each other at electric equipment compartment between core and the earth and out of phase core, guarantees power delivery, and it is indispensable integral part in power cable structure; Protective layer is that protection power cable is avoided the intrusion of introduced contaminants and moisture, and prevents that external force from directly damaging power cable.Because copper has good electroconductibility, copper is widely used in the core of power cable.But along with the scarcity day by day of copper resource, and the content of aluminium is very abundant, has received investigator's concern with aluminium substitution copper, so aluminium alloy becomes the focus of research as cable conductor.
Aluminium alloy cable substitutes copper cable becomes a kind of trend gradually, and is widely applied.Aluminum-alloy conductor material of the prior art, comparatively excellent at aspects such as electrical property, corrosion resistance nature and mechanical propertys, but aspect antifatigue and high temperature creep property or poor, thereby easily there are quality problems, affect the work-ing life of aluminum alloy materials or bring potential safety hazard, therefore, aluminium alloy cable over-all properties is still poor.
Defect for aluminium alloy for power cable, investigator starts to be devoted to improve aluminium alloy in the research for power cable.For example: publication number is the disclosed aluminium alloy of the Chinese patent of CN101525709A, CN101914708, CN102222546A, although the ductility of aluminium alloy is improved, but anti-fatigue performance does not improve, although and also mentioned creep-resistant property and be improved, the specific targets of improving are not clear and definite; The disclosed aluminium alloy of Chinese patent that and for example publication number is CN102360624, although creep resistance has obtained remarkable improvement, does not well embody the effect of improvement in ductility and anti-fatigue performance, thereby the over-all properties of aluminium alloy Shortcomings still; For another example the disclosed aluminium alloy of Japanese documentation that publication number is CN102119233A, is being improved, and is having good proof stress and impact resistance, but anti-fatigue performance and creep-resistant property is not improved aspect intensity and ductility.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of comprehensive mechanical property preferably for aluminium alloy of power cable and preparation method thereof.
In view of this, the application provides a kind of Al-Fe aluminium alloy, comprising:
The Fe of 0.25wt%～0.9wt%;
The aluminium of surplus.
Preferably, in described aluminium alloy, the content of Fe is 0.6wt%～0.78wt%.
Preferably, the tensile strength of described aluminium alloy is more than or equal to 200MPa; Electric conductivity is more than or equal to 60%IACS; Average creep rate is less than or equal to 5 * 10
-2%/h; Tired bending number of times is more than or equal to 14.
Preferably, the elongation at break of described aluminium alloy is more than or equal to 20%, and electric conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS; Average creep rate is less than or equal to 8 * 10
-2%/h; Tired bending number of times is more than or equal to 30.
The application also provides the preparation method of described aluminium alloy, comprises the following steps:
A) cast the Fe of the aluminium alloy cast ingot of following composition: 0.25～0.9wt% and the aluminium of surplus;
B) described aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out to solution treatment and ageing treatment successively, the aluminium alloy cast ingot after ageing treatment is rolled, obtain aluminium alloy.
Preferably, after step b), also comprise:
Described aluminium alloy is softened to processing.
Preferably, the temperature of described solution treatment is 480 ℃～600 ℃, and the time is 40min～60min; The temperature of described ageing treatment is 350 ℃～450 ℃, and the time is 1h～3h.
Preferably, the temperature of described softening processing is for being more than or equal to 150 ℃, and the time is 3h～6h.
The application also provides a kind of aluminium alloy cable, comprises core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer, and described core is aluminium alloy or the prepared aluminium alloy of such scheme described in such scheme.
Preferably, described aluminium alloy cable is copper cable at the current capacity of 90 ℃ of long-time running 70%～80%.
The application provides a kind of Al-Fe aluminium alloy, comprising: the Fe of 0.25wt%～0.9wt% and the aluminium of surplus.The present invention be take aluminium as base, has added micro-iron, and iron can improve physical strength and the tensile property of aluminium alloy, can improve aluminium base tensile strength, yield strength and resistance toheat, can also put forward heavy alloyed plasticity simultaneously; And in alloy, part Fe is with Al
3the form of Fe is separated out, and part Fe also forms Al with Al
2fe
3, Al
4fe
5compound is separated out, and after the high temperature anneal, the solid solution of Fe in aluminium base is less, and the electrical property impact of Fe alloy is very little; But these disperse educts are on good terms and are strengthened the anti-fatigue performance of alloy and the resistance toheat of hot operation.The application, by adding iron and controlling its content, is conducive to the raising of aluminium alloy over-all properties.
Embodiment
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described, but should be appreciated that these are described is for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting to the claimed invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of Al-Fe aluminium alloy, comprising:
The Fe of 0.25wt%～0.9wt%;
The aluminium of surplus.
For the base aluminum in aluminium alloy, can adopt the fine aluminium of industrial Al99.70, make aluminium alloy prepared by the present invention there is the advantages such as raw material supply abundance, cost is low, buying is convenient; Simultaneously aluminium base refined aluminium or the high-purity grade of aluminium of can also adopting is as matrix alloy, and this is aluminium base has higher quality than conventional aluminium sill, and the product being processed into has more advantage at electrical property and mechanical properties.
In the present invention, take aluminium as matrix, added micro-iron, to realize the raising to aluminium alloy capability.Iron can improve physical strength and the tensile property of aluminium alloy, can improve aluminium base tensile strength, yield strength and resistance toheat, can also put forward heavy alloyed plasticity simultaneously.In the preparation process of aluminium alloy, in alloy, part Fe is with Al
3the form of Fe is separated out, and part Fe also forms Al with Al
2fe
3, Al
4fe
5compound is separated out, and after the high temperature anneal, the solid solution of Fe in aluminium base is less, and the electrical property impact of Fe alloy is very little; But these disperse educts are on good terms and are strengthened the anti-fatigue performance of alloy and the resistance toheat of hot operation.The content of described Fe is 0.25wt%～0.9wt%, is preferably 0.45wt%～0.85wt%, and more preferably 0.6wt%～0.78wt%, most preferably is 0.65wt%～0.7wt%.If in aluminium alloy, the content of iron is too low described in the application, the performance of aluminium alloy can not be significantly improved, if the too high levels of iron can significantly reduce electrical property and the anti-fatigue performance of aluminium alloy.
The application also provides a kind of preparation method of Al-Fe aluminium alloy, comprises the following steps:
A) cast the Fe of the aluminium alloy cast ingot of following composition: 0.25～0.9wt% and the aluminium of surplus;
B) described aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out to solution treatment and ageing treatment successively, the aluminium alloy cast ingot after ageing treatment is rolled, obtain aluminium alloy.
According to the application, step a) is casting process, obtain aluminium alloy cast ingot, for each element can fully be melted, in aluminium alloy, be uniformly distributed, described castingprocesses is specially: by aluminium ingot, ingot iron or aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron, be placed in smelting furnace and be more than or equal to melting at 700 ℃, obtain alloy melt, then alloy melt is cast below at 680 ℃, obtain aluminium alloy cast ingot.
After prepared by aluminium alloy cast ingot, described aluminium alloy cast ingot is heat-treated, according to the present invention, first aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out to solution treatment, then the aluminium alloy after solution treatment is carried out to ageing treatment; Described solution treatment is that the precipitated phase in aluminium alloy is dissolved in matrix.The application's solution treatment can improve physical strength and the high-temperature creep resistance of aluminium alloy.The temperature of described solution treatment is preferably 480 ℃～600 ℃, more preferably 500 ℃～580 ℃; The time of described solution treatment is preferably 40min～60min.According to the present invention, then the aluminium alloy after solution treatment is carried out to ageing treatment, by ageing treatment, can make the performance of aluminium alloy be uniformly distributed, properties overall target reaches all good couplings; Mechanical property and electrical property that simultaneously can optimized alloy by ageing treatment, carry heavy alloyed high-temperature creep resistance especially.The temperature of described ageing treatment is preferably 350 ℃～450 ℃, more preferably 380 ℃～420 ℃; Time is preferably 1h～3h, more preferably 1.5h～2h.Aluminium alloy cast ingot after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy.
The prepared aluminium alloy of the application is after casting, solution treatment, ageing treatment and rolling, and the tensile strength of the aluminium alloy obtaining is more than or equal to 200MPa; Electric conductivity is more than or equal to 60%IACS; Under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1～100h is less than or equal to 5 * 10
-2%/h; Tired bending number of times is more than or equal to 14.
According to the application, the aluminium alloy of preparation can also be softened to processing, described softening processing can be eliminated the unrelieved stress in the course of processing, further improves the performance of aluminium alloy, especially optimize mechanical property and the electrical property of aluminium alloy, improve ductility and the anti-fatigue performance of aluminium alloy.The temperature of described softening processing is preferably greater than and equals 150 ℃, more preferably 200 ℃～300 ℃; The time of described softening processing is preferably 3h～6h, more preferably 4h～5h.Described aluminium alloy is after softening processing, and the elongation at break of aluminium alloy is more than or equal to 20%, and electric conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS; Under 120 ℃ of temperature, 120MPa stress condition, the average creep rate of 1～100h is less than or equal to 8 * 10
-2%/h; Tired bending number of times is more than or equal to 30.
The application provides a kind of Al-Fe aluminium alloy, comprising: the Fe of 0.25wt%～0.9wt% and the aluminium of surplus.The present invention be take aluminium as base, has added micro-iron, and iron can improve physical strength and the tensile property of aluminium alloy, can improve aluminium base tensile strength, yield strength and resistance toheat, can also put forward heavy alloyed plasticity simultaneously.The application, by adding micro-iron and controlling its content, is conducive to the raising of aluminium alloy over-all properties; The application's aluminium alloy, by casting, solution treatment, ageing treatment and softening processing, has further improved the over-all properties of aluminium alloy.
The present invention also provides a kind of aluminium alloy cable, and described aluminium alloy cable comprises core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer, and the above-mentioned Al-Fe alloy of the application is as the core of aluminium alloy cable.Described aluminium alloy cable is prepared according to mode well known to those skilled in the art, and just the core of power cable is aluminium alloy or prepared aluminium alloy described in the application.According to technique means well known to those skilled in the art, the application's aluminium alloy through cold-drawn, stranded, softening, extruded insulation, stranding, extrude after sheath or armouring, obtain the power cable of power industry.Described in the application, aluminium alloy cable long-time running current capacity at 90 ℃ can reach and be not less than 70%～80% of the long-pending copper cable of same cross-sectional.
In order further to understand the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment, aluminium alloy provided by the invention and preparation method thereof is elaborated, protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
(1) aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron are dropped in smelting furnace, be heated to 700 ℃ and make it fusing, standing insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, more standing insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, standing, temperature adjustment to 650 ℃, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, and ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;
(2) the aluminium alloy cast ingot solution treatment at 480 ℃ step (1) being obtained, after insulation 40min, air cooling, to room temperature, then carries out ageing treatment in 350 ℃, insulation 2h; Then the aluminium alloy after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy.
The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.
Embodiment 2
(1) aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron are dropped in smelting furnace, be heated to 720 ℃ and make it fusing, standing insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, more standing insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, standing, temperature adjustment to 660 ℃, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, and ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;
(2) the aluminium alloy cast ingot solution treatment at 500 ℃ step (1) being obtained, after insulation 50min, air cooling, to room temperature, then carries out ageing treatment in 400 ℃, insulation 1h; Then the aluminium alloy after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy.
The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.
Embodiment 3
(1) aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron are dropped in smelting furnace, be heated to 700 ℃ and make it fusing, standing insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, more standing insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, standing, temperature adjustment to 650 ℃, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, and ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;
(2) the aluminium alloy cast ingot solution treatment at 520 ℃ step (1) being obtained, after insulation 50min, air cooling, to room temperature, then carries out ageing treatment in 380 ℃, insulation 2.5h; Then the aluminium alloy after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy.
The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.
Embodiment 4
(1) aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron are dropped in smelting furnace, be heated to 730 ℃ and make it fusing, standing insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, more standing insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, standing, temperature adjustment to 620 ℃, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, and ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;
(2) the aluminium alloy cast ingot solution treatment at 550 ℃ step (1) being obtained, after insulation 55min, air cooling, to room temperature, then carries out ageing treatment in 420 ℃, insulation 2.5h; Then the aluminium alloy after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy pole stock;
(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained is heated to 170 ℃ and softens processing under inert atmosphere, and insulation 6h, obtains aluminium alloy.
The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.
Embodiment 5
(1) aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron are dropped in smelting furnace, be heated to 710 ℃ and make it fusing, standing insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, more standing insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, standing, temperature adjustment to 630 ℃, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, and ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;
(2) the aluminium alloy cast ingot solution treatment at 590 ℃ step (1) being obtained, after insulation 60min, air cooling, to room temperature, then carries out ageing treatment in 440 ℃, insulation 1.5h; Then the aluminium alloy after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy pole stock;
(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained is heated to 170 ℃ and softens processing under inert atmosphere, and insulation 3.5h, obtains aluminium alloy.
The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.
Embodiment 6
(1) aluminium ingot, aluminium-ingot iron are dropped in smelting furnace, be heated to 730 ℃ and make it fusing, standing insulation 30min; Then above-mentioned alloy melt is carried out to furnace refining; In alloy melt, add refining agent, and stir, more standing insulation 30min, melt refining operates in sealed environment; Slag hitting after refining, standing, temperature adjustment to 670 ℃, aluminium alloy is toppled over and is come out of the stove, then after degasification, slagging-off are processed, enters casting machine and cast, and obtains aluminium alloy cast ingot, and ingot casting becomes to be respectively in table 1;
(2) the aluminium alloy cast ingot solution treatment at 580 ℃ step (1) being obtained, after insulation 60min, air cooling, to room temperature, then carries out ageing treatment in 400 ℃, insulation 1.5h; Then the aluminium alloy after ageing treatment is rolled, obtains aluminium alloy pole stock;
(3) pole stock step (2) being obtained is heated to 200 ℃ and softens processing under inert atmosphere, and insulation 5.5h, obtains aluminium alloy.
The aluminium alloy of preparation is according to the method described above carried out to performance test, and result is referring to table 2.
The component list of aluminium alloy prepared by table 1 embodiment (wt%)
The performance test data table of aluminium alloy prepared by table 2 embodiment
The explanation of above embodiment is just for helping to understand method of the present invention and core concept thereof.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Above-mentioned explanation to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field can realize or use the present invention.To the multiple modification of these embodiment, will be apparent for those skilled in the art, General Principle as defined herein can, in the situation that not departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. an Al-Fe aluminium alloy, comprising:
The Fe of 0.25wt%～0.9wt%;
The aluminium of surplus.
2. aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described aluminium alloy, the content of Fe is 0.6wt%～0.78wt%.
3. according to the aluminium alloy described in claim 1～2 any one, it is characterized in that, the tensile strength of described aluminium alloy is more than or equal to 200MPa; Electric conductivity is more than or equal to 60%IACS; Average creep rate is less than or equal to 5 * 10
-2%/h; Tired bending number of times is more than or equal to 14.
4. according to the aluminium alloy described in claim 1～2 any one, it is characterized in that, the elongation at break of described aluminium alloy is more than or equal to 20%, and electric conductivity is more than or equal to 61%IACS; Average creep rate is less than or equal to 8 * 10
-2%/h; Tired bending number of times is more than or equal to 30.
5. the preparation method of aluminium alloy described in claim 1～4 any one, comprises the following steps:
A) cast the Fe of the aluminium alloy cast ingot of following composition: 0.25～0.9wt% and the aluminium of surplus;
B) described aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out to solution treatment and ageing treatment successively, the aluminium alloy cast ingot after ageing treatment is rolled, obtain aluminium alloy.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, after step b), also comprises:
Described aluminium alloy is softened to processing.
7. according to the preparation method described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that, the temperature of described solution treatment is 480 ℃～600 ℃, and the time is 40min～60min; The temperature of described ageing treatment is 350 ℃～450 ℃, and the time is 1h～3h.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the temperature of described softening processing is for being more than or equal to 150 ℃, and the time is 3h～6h.
9. an aluminium alloy cable, comprises core, insulation layer, screen layer and protective layer, it is characterized in that, described core is aluminium alloy or the prepared aluminium alloy of claim 5～8 any one described in claim 1～4 any one.
10. aluminium alloy cable according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described aluminium alloy cable is copper cable at the current capacity of 90 ℃ of long-time running 70%～80%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114959368A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-30 | 山东意吉希精密制造有限公司 | Al-Fe type motor rotor alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102119233A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-07-06 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum alloy wire |
| CN103103390A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | 安徽欣意电缆有限公司 | Al-Fe aluminium alloy, preparation method thereof and power cable |
| CN103298963A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2013-09-11 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum alloy wire and aluminum alloy twisted wire, covered electric wire, and wire harness using same |
-
2013
- 2013-12-27 CN CN201310738263.8A patent/CN103667808A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102119233A (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-07-06 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum alloy wire |
| CN103298963A (en) * | 2011-04-11 | 2013-09-11 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | Aluminum alloy wire and aluminum alloy twisted wire, covered electric wire, and wire harness using same |
| CN103103390A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | 安徽欣意电缆有限公司 | Al-Fe aluminium alloy, preparation method thereof and power cable |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114959368A (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2022-08-30 | 山东意吉希精密制造有限公司 | Al-Fe type motor rotor alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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