CN103664254A - Preparation method of compound microbial fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of compound microbial fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103664254A CN103664254A CN201310671396.8A CN201310671396A CN103664254A CN 103664254 A CN103664254 A CN 103664254A CN 201310671396 A CN201310671396 A CN 201310671396A CN 103664254 A CN103664254 A CN 103664254A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a compound microbial fertilizer. The method comprises the following steps: inoculating pseudomonas aurantiaca JD37 or pseudomonas fluorescens P13 into a liquid culture medium; carrying out shake cultivation at 28 DEG C for 16-20 hours at the speed of 200r/min; taking thalli after centrifuging, suspending and evenly mixing with a sterilized protective agent solution, so as to obtain a suspended bacterium fluid; mixing the suspended bacterium fluid with a sterilized matrix, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the matrix to the suspended bacterium fluid is 1-2g/ml; and mixing the matrix mixed with the suspended bacterium fluid with the sterilized commercially available wormcast according to the mass ratio of 1:1. By adopting the preparation method, two plant growth-promoting bacteria are combined, so that growth of the crop can be facilitated, a few of phytopathogens also can be prevented and treated, a composite protective agent applicable to the preparation method is provided, the effect is more significant than that of a single protective agent, the matrix which is low in cost and easy to obtain is selected, no pollution or harm is generated to the environment, and the soil quality can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, relate to a kind of preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer.
Background technology
In order to pursue high yield, traditional agriculture adopts chemical fertilizer as the fertility source of farm crop, and that the problem presenting in the process of life-time service chemical fertilizer also becomes is more and more outstanding.Mainly contain three aspects: the first, manufacture in the raw mineral materials and industrial chemicals of chemical fertilizer, contain various heavy radioactive substance and other objectionable constituent, they enter agricultural land soil with fertilising and cause heavy metal contamination.The second, in agriculture production, use in a large number chemical fertilizer, make the nutritive elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus enter in a large number water body, cause body eutrophication, cause the non-point pollution of chemical fertilizer to surface water.According to estimates, the nitrogen that sinks to river, lake approximately has 60% from chemical fertilizer.The 3rd, life-time service chemical fertilizer can play soil acidification and harden, and causes soil fertility to decline.According to investigations, owing to using all the year round chemical fertilizer, the North China Plain soil organism has dropped to 1% left and right, and total nitrogen content is less than 0.1%, and the Three River Plain, Farmland was overused without proper attention to the maintenance of its fertility for many years northeastward, makes the content of the soil organism drop to 3%～5% from 10%～11.5%.By above data, illustrate that life-time service chemical fertilizer has caused huge negative impact to the agroecological environment quality of China.
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria is the beneficial microorganism that a class is lived in plant rhizosphere energy Promoting plant growth, this bacterioid can synthesize certain compound for plant utilization, comprise that secretion organic acid is converted into titanium pigment insoluble unavailable phosphorus in soil, can be absorbed by plants and utilize; From growing nitrogen-fixing; Secretion plant hormone; By secretion siderophore, supply with required iron nutrition in growing process; Can regulating plant ethylene levels by synthetic acc deaminase.Simultaneously, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria also has the function of biological control, can be by suppressing or alleviating the detrimentally affect that certain plants disease and pest causes vine growth and development, as produced the growth and breeding of microbiotic Suppressing phytopathogens, with pathogenic micro-organism competition Rhizosphere ecosystem position; Induction plant produces the modes such as resistance and suppresses Plant diseases.As can be seen here, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can not only promote the growth of farm crop, can also effectively control corps diseases.
Microbial growth needs a large amount of nutritive substances, and wormcast is rich in organic matter, and there is good permeability, air permeability, drainage and high water holding capacity, wormcast has very large surface-area, make many beneficial microorganism existences and there is good absorption and the ability of maintenance nutritive substance, simultaneously through earthworm digestion, be of value to the formation of water-stable aggregate in wormcast, the wormcast fertilizer of processing that undergoes microbial fermentation has rational crumb structure and porosity, air permeability is good, moisture holding capacity is strong, can improve Plant Drought Resistance, improve the air permeability of rhizosphere soil, water conservation venting capability improves 3 times than general soil, the farmland soil property of executing wormcast is soft, than using other fertilizer well developed root system.So, invent composite microbiological fertilizer that a kind of plant rhizosphere growth-promoting bacterium combines with wormcast for soil protection environment, promote crop growth and agricultural sustainable development to have great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to utilize Pseudomonas aurantica JD37(CGMCC No.7099), Pseudomonas fluorescens P13(CCTCC AB209102), a kind of preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A preparation method for composite microbiological fertilizer, concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) Pseudomonas aurantica JD37 bacterium or Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 are inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, place in shaking table at 28 ℃ 200r/min shaking culture 16～20 hours; After centrifugal, get thalline, suspend with 0.01wt%～10.00wt% protective material solution of sterilizing, mix, obtain suspension bacteria liquid;
Liquid nutrient medium is KB substratum;
Centrifugal condition is 0～10 ℃, preferably 4 ℃, and centrifugal 15～20 minutes of 8000～10000rpm;
Protective material screening formulation and concentration are that the sodium alginate of 0.1wt% is, the Xylo-Mucine of the glycerine of 10wt% and 0.1wt%;
The liquid nutrient medium of thalline and compounding agent solution volume ratio are 10～20:1, that is: the Pseudomonas aurantica JD37 thalline that average every 10～20 milliliters of bacterium liquid obtain after centrifugal, with 1 milliliter of protective material solution mixing system for suspension bacteria liquid.
(2) suspension bacteria liquid is mixed with the matrix of sterilizing, matrix is 1～2g/ml with the volume mass ratio of suspension bacteria liquid, is preferably 1g/ml.Matrix can be selected turfy soil (commercially available).
Matrix is used calcium carbonate to adjust pH value to 6.0～8.0, uses shredder that matrix is pulverized to the last diameter that vibrated for 0.3mm standard sieve.
Matrix sterilising conditions is 121 ℃, 20～30min, twice.
Blending means is: by after bacteria suspension and matrix stirring, and natural air drying.
(3) the turfy soil powder that mixed bacteria suspension is mixed with sterilized wormcast (commercially available), ratio of mixture is 1:1 (M:M).
Use shredder that wormcast is pulverized to the last diameter that vibrated for 2.0mm standard sieve.
Wormcast sterilising conditions is 121 ℃, 20～30min, twice.
The composite microbiological fertilizer of preparing by aforesaid method can be used for actual production, and viable count content is high, preservation period limit for length, and thalline releasability is strong, and nutritive substance is abundant, both can promote crop growth, can prevent and treat phytopathogen again.
The present invention has following characteristics:
(1) combined two plant growth-promotiong rhizospheres:
Research data shows, Pseudomonas aurantica JD37 can secrete plant growth hormones IAA, can be induced to produce acc deaminase, has molten phosphorus active; Plant is had to good growth-promoting functions; And Pseudomonas fluorescens is the more class biocontrol strain of report.The Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 using in the present invention all has obvious antagonistic action to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Rhizoctonia solani), fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum), botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) and southern corn leaf blight (Bipolaris maydis).This two strains bacterial classification is combined to the growth that use can promote farm crop, can prevent and treat some phytopathogens again.
(2) developed a kind of composite protectant of the present invention that is applicable to:
Protective material is very large on the storage life impact of microbial inoculum; it not only affects the survival rate of thalline in microbial inoculum; also affect the stability of thalline between preservation term; protective material can change the physicochemical environment of thalline simultaneously; alleviate or prevent the dry infringement to thalline, keeping as far as possible the original various physio-biochemical characteristics of thalline and biological activity.Research data shows, the protection effect of composite protectant is often more remarkable than single protectant effect; According to result of study before, show, glycerine, sodium alginate, Xylo-Mucine all has certain provide protection to thalline, has developed on this basis a composite protectant.
(3) selected a kind of with low cost, matrix of easily obtaining:
Turfy soil is the formed atmospheric swamp of a kind of process several thousand ground product, has nontoxic, pollution-freely, and venting capability is good, the characteristic of light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, and be conducive to microbial activities, strengthen biological property, nutritious, and contain very high organic matter, humic acid and nutrition.Use this material as matrix, being applied to large Tanaka not only can be to environment and harm, and can improve soil quality.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
(1) by the turfy soil powder grinding by 9:1(M:M) add the laggard horizontal high voltage (1.034 * 10 of calcium carbonate
5pa) twice of sterilizing (121 ℃, 30min), dry for standby;
(2) wormcast grinding is carried out to high pressure (1.034 * 10
5pa) twice of sterilizing (121 ℃, 30min), dry for standby;
(3) prepare liquid nutrient medium: peptone 20g, glycerine 10mL, K
2hPO
41.5g, MgSO
47H
2o1.5g, deionized water 1L, mix rear 121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min;
(4) preparation protective material solution: the Xylo-Mucine of the sodium alginate of 0.5wt%, the glycerine of 15wt% and 0.1wt%; Deionized water 1L, after 121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min, normal temperature is preserved;
(5) the mono-bacterium colony of picking Pseudomonas aurantica JD37 is to 50mL liquid KB substratum, 28 ℃, 200rpm are cultivated after 18h, by 1% inoculation, measure 10mL fermented liquid in 1000mL fresh liquid KB substratum, shaking culture is to logarithmic phase (28 ℃, 200rpm, 18h), under aseptic condition, by fermented liquid centrifugal 20min under 10000rpm, remove supernatant liquor, with 100mL protective material solution, blow and beat gently and make it abundant suspension;
(6) after being mixed, the turfy soil powder of 100mL bacteria suspension and 100g sterilizing dries up; Then mix with sterilized 100g wormcast, pack in plastic packaging bag and preserve.
Embodiment 2
(1) by the turfy soil powder grinding by 9:1(M:M) add the laggard horizontal high voltage (1.034 * 10 of calcium carbonate
5pa) twice of sterilizing (121 ℃, 30min), dry for standby;
(2) wormcast grinding is carried out to high pressure (1.034 * 10
5pa) twice of sterilizing (121 ℃, 30min), dry for standby;
(3) prepare liquid nutrient medium: peptone 20g, glycerine 10mL, K
2hPO
41.5g, MgSO
47H
2o1.5g, deionized water 1L, mix rear 121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min;
(4) preparation protective material solution: the Xylo-Mucine of the sodium alginate of 0.5wt%, the glycerine of 15wt% and 0.1wt%; Deionized water 1L, after 121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min, normal temperature is preserved;
(5) the mono-bacterium colony of picking Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 is to 50mL liquid KB substratum, 28 ℃, 200rpm are cultivated after 20h, by 1% inoculation, measure 10mL fermented liquid in 1000mL fresh liquid KB substratum, shaking culture is to logarithmic phase (28 ℃, 200rpm, 20h), under aseptic condition, by fermented liquid centrifugal 20min under 10000rpm, remove supernatant liquor, with 100mL protective material solution, blow and beat gently and make it abundant suspension;
(6) after being mixed, the turfy soil powder of 100mL bacteria suspension and 100g sterilizing dries up; Then mix with sterilized 100g wormcast, pack in plastic packaging bag and preserve.
Embodiment 3
(1) by the turfy soil powder grinding by 9:1(M:M) add the laggard horizontal high voltage (1.034 * 10 of calcium carbonate
5pa) twice of sterilizing (121 ℃, 30min), dry for standby;
(2) wormcast grinding is carried out to high pressure (1.034 * 10
5pa) twice of sterilizing (121 ℃, 30min), dry for standby;
(3) prepare liquid nutrient medium: peptone 20g, glycerine 10mL, K
2hPO
41.5g, MgSO
47H
2o1.5g, deionized water 1L, mix rear 121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min;
(4) preparation protective material solution: the Xylo-Mucine of the sodium alginate of 0.5wt%, the glycerine of 15wt% and 0.1wt%; Deionized water 1L, after 121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min, normal temperature is preserved;
(5) the mono-bacterium colony of picking Pseudomonas aurantica JD37 is to 50mL liquid KB substratum, 28 ℃, 200rpm are cultivated 18h, the mono-bacterium colony of picking Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 is to 50mL liquid KB substratum, 28 ℃, 200rpm measure 10mL fermented liquid in 1000mL fresh liquid KB substratum by 1% inoculation respectively after cultivating 20h, shaking culture is to (28 ℃ of logarithmic phases, 200rpm), under aseptic condition, by fermented liquid centrifugal 20min under 10000rpm, remove supernatant liquor, with 100mL protective material solution, blow and beat gently and make it abundant suspension respectively;
(6) after being mixed, the turfy soil powder of 200mL bacteria suspension and 200g sterilizing dries up; Then mix with sterilized 200g wormcast, pack in plastic packaging bag and preserve.
Embodiment 4
The living bacteria count of embodiment 1,2,3 detects
(1) take respectively above three kinds of fertilizer 10g, add in the sterilized water with the 90mL of granulated glass sphere, after standing 20min on rotary shaking table the abundant rotational oscillation 30min of 200r/min;
(2) with pipettor, draw the above-mentioned bacteria suspension of 0.5mL and add in 4.5mL sterilized water, be mixed into the bacteria suspension of 1:10 dilution, dilute so successively 5 times;
(3) with pipettor, draw respectively different extent of dilution bacteria suspension 0.1mL, add to diameter and be the nutrient agar surface of 9cm plate, with aseptic glass slicker by bacteria suspension equably slowly in agar surface; Each sample is got 2 continuous suitable extent of dilution, and each extent of dilution repeats 4 times, cultivates 2 days countings afterwards under 28 ℃ of conditions;
Result is as follows:
The fertilizer living bacteria count detected result that table 1 adopts different preparation methods to make
From table 1, embodiment 1,2 after 6 months living bacteria count all higher than 3 * 10
8cfu/g, the product storage life meets agricultural microorganism microbial inoculum standard (GB20287-2006).Embodiment 3 is after 6 months, and two kinds of bacterial strain living bacteria counts are all higher than 0.01 * 10
8cfu/g, the product storage life reaches composite microbiological fertilizer industry standard (NY/T798-2004).
Embodiment 5
The using method of embodiment 1,2,3
Water spinach and Plantula Brassicae chinensis: before sowing, embodiment 3 is turned over and mixed by every square meter 0.5Kg consumption and veneer of soil; After two leaf stage, by the every square meter 0.2Kg of fortnightly frequency consumption, use and use embodiment 1.
Tomato: while transplanting tomato seedling, by every 50g consumption, embodiment 3 is admixed in seedling cave, after tomato seedling field planting, by 50g consumption, use embodiment 2 for every, weekly.
Corn and rape: before sowing, embodiment 3 is turned over and mixed by every square meter 0.5Kg consumption and veneer of soil; After growing seedling, by the every square meter 0.3Kg of fortnightly frequency consumption, use and use embodiment 2.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention should not be confined to the disclosed content of this embodiment.So every, do not depart from the equivalence completing under principles of this disclosure or revise, all falling into the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. a preparation method for composite microbiological fertilizer, is characterized in that, concrete implementation step is as follows:
(1) Pseudomonas aurantica JD37 bacterium or Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 are inoculated in liquid nutrient medium, 200r/min shaking culture is 16～20 hours at 28 ℃; After centrifugal, get thalline, suspend with 0.01wt%～10.00wt% protective material solution of sterilizing, mix, obtain suspension bacteria liquid;
(2) suspension bacteria liquid is mixed with the matrix of sterilizing, the mass volume ratio of matrix and suspension bacteria liquid is 1～2g/ml;
(3) by mixed the matrix of bacteria suspension and the commercially available wormcast of sterilizing in mass ratio 1:1 mix.
2. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), liquid nutrient medium is KB substratum.
3. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), centrifugal condition is 0～10 ℃, centrifugal 15～20 minutes of 8000～10000rpm.
4. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sodium alginate, the glycerine of 10wt% or the Xylo-Mucine of 0.1wt% that in step (1), protective material is 0.1wt%.
5. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), the liquid nutrient medium of thalline is 10～20:1 with protective material liquor capacity ratio.
6. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) mesostroma is commercially available turfy soil.
7. according to the preparation method of the composite microbiological fertilizer described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterized in that, the mass volume ratio of step (2) mesostroma and suspension bacteria liquid is 1g/ml.
8. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) mesostroma is used calcium carbonate to adjust pH value to 6.0～8.0, by the matrix last diameter that vibrated of pulverizing, is 0.3mm standard sieve.
9. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), blending means is: by after bacteria suspension and matrix stirring, and natural air drying.
10. the preparation method of composite microbiological fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (3), the commercially available wormcast last diameter that vibrated of pulverizing is 2.0mm standard sieve.
The preparation method of 11. composite microbiological fertilizers according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) and (3) mesostroma and wormcast sterilising conditions are 121 ℃, 20～30min, twice.
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| CN108728362A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-02 | 广东绿百多生物开发有限公司 | A kind of protective agent of Rhodopseudomonas palustris liquid preparation and its application |
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