CN103647553B - Direct current frequency modulation reference source circuit of broadband ultra low phase noise - Google Patents

Direct current frequency modulation reference source circuit of broadband ultra low phase noise Download PDF

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CN103647553B
CN103647553B CN201310682132.2A CN201310682132A CN103647553B CN 103647553 B CN103647553 B CN 103647553B CN 201310682132 A CN201310682132 A CN 201310682132A CN 103647553 B CN103647553 B CN 103647553B
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frequency
circuit
signal
output
dds
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CN103647553A (en
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张士峰
蒙海瑛
杜念文
凌伟
辛义磊
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CETC 41 Institute
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Abstract

The invention provides a direct current frequency modulation reference source circuit of broadband ultra low phase noise. The direct current frequency modulation reference source circuit comprises a digital-to-analog conversion circuit, a data processing and control circuit, a DDS circuit, a band pass filter, a loop filter and an integration frequency synthesis chip. The digital-to-analog conversion circuit controls minimal modulation signals fm to obtain frequency modulation data after conversion of the digital-to-analogue conversion circuit, the frequency modulation data controls the operation with the frequency control words of the DDS circuit through the data processing and control circuit to control the output of the DDS circuit so that modulated signals with ultra low phase noise and ultra low straying, and the modulated signals, after passing through the band pass filter, are sent to the integration frequency synthesis chip to serve as reference signals of a phase-locked loop. By using such a scheme, by use of an analog-to-digital conversion and digital signal processing technologies and DDS and PLL mixing frequency synthesis technologies, direct current frequency modulation of broadband signals by minimal simulation signals can be realized.

Description

A kind of broadband ultralow phase noise can direct current chirp reference source circuit
Technical field
The invention belongs to phase noise technical field of measurement and test, more particularly to a kind of broadband ultralow phase noise can be straight Stream chirp reference source circuit.
Background technology
In phase noise field tests, frequency discrimination/Phase Demodulation is one of main method of measurement phase noise, with measurement spirit The features such as sensitivity height, measurement range width, separable AM noise and be used widely.But the sensitivity for measuring is subject to reference source The restriction of phase noise, reference signal itself must select equal frequency, and reference signal phase place to make an uproar according to measured signal Sound is better than the phase noise of measured source, so reference source signal must be the synthesized frequency signal of broadband ultralow phase noise; In addition, during frequency discrimination/Phase Demodulation measurement phase noise, measured signal is mixed phase demodulation with reference source signal, and phase discriminator is extracted The small noise signal for going out is digitally sampled, and the tuning tip for driving reference source, composition closed loop lock are removed Jing after digital filter process Phase loop, this requires that reference source possesses the function that direct current frequency modulation is carried out by small noise signal.
Frequency synthesis technique experienced three generations, i.e. Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Technology (DS, Direct Frequency Synthesis), phase-locked Frequency Synthesis Technique Controlled (PLL) and direct digital frequency synthesis technology DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis)。
Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Technology is as reference source, through mixing, frequency dividing, frequency multiplication and band logical with a crystal oscillator Filtering etc. is obtaining more multifrequency frequency content.Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer Technology has prominent in terms of low phase noise frequency synthesis The advantage for going out, but it is low using the Technology design reference source resolution, and direct current frequency modulation cannot be realized.
Phase-locked Frequency Synthesis Technique Controlled is, using one or several reference frequency sources, by the mode such as mixing or frequency dividing one to be produced The combination frequency of series, then with phaselocked loop the frequency locker of voltage controlled oscillator in reference frequency.Have an advantage in that phaselocked loop Road can well select the signal of required frequency equivalent to a narrow band tracking filter, suppress spurious components, be conducive to Integrated and miniaturization.In recent years Fractional Frequency-Dividing Technology was widely used on Phase locking frequency synthesis, made direct current frequency modulation in lock phase It is achieved in frequency synthesis technique.
DDS is a kind of new frequency, phase waveform synthetic technology, and it takes full advantage of the fast of large scale integrated circuit The features such as speed, low-power consumption, Large Copacity, small volume, compared with traditional frequency synthesizer, with phase noise is low, frequency discrimination The advantages of rate is high, conversion is rapid, its frequency, phase place change seriality can be used for phase place and frequency modulation(PFM).But DDS output frequencies With limited, actual maximum operating frequency will obey Nyquist law, only the half of clock frequency, typically take clock frequency 40% or so;The DDS's brought due to the non-ideal characteristic of phase truncation, amplitude quantization error and digital-to-analogue conversion is spuious It is many.
The appearance of DDS technologies is caused to develop high performance frequency source and is possibly realized, that is, by DDS and synthesis of front two generation skill Art is used in mixed way so as to comprehensive their advantage, and this frequency synthesizer is referred to as hybrid frequency synthesizer (Hybrid Frequency Synthesis).The scheme that DDS and PLL are used in mixed way is a lot, the characteristics of different schemes has difference, is adapted to not Same requirement of engineering.
Fig. 1 show existing solution, and it is using frequency range needed for the synthesis of the phaselocked loop with decimal frequency divider And frequency resolution, modulated signal being carried out after analog to digital conversion, the fractional frequency division that is added to is come than upper by changing fractional frequency division ratio Change the frequency of composite signal, realize direct current frequency modulation.The fractional-N PLL circuit includes:Reference clock, phase discriminator, integration Device, voltage controlled oscillator, prescalar, sigma-delta decimal frequency divider and modulated signal modulate circuit.
The output signal of voltage controlled oscillator, directly exports all the way, another to route prescalar and sigma-delta decimal frequency divider Frequency dividing is realized, phase discriminator carries out phase demodulation to the reference signal of the signal after frequency dividing and reference clock output, and integrator is to phase discriminator The phase demodulation error signal of output is integrated filtering, generates voltage controlled oscillator tuning error controling signal, controls voltage controlled oscillator Output signal and it is locked on reference clock frequency.Sigma-delta decimal frequency divider is FPGA circuitry.Modulated signal is by increasing Benefit, the control modulated signal gain of biasing control module and biasing, and analog digital conversion is realized through analog-digital converter, export 16 digits Word signal is to sigma-delta decimal frequency divider.Sigma-delta decimal frequency divider also includes depositor, stores fractional frequency division ratio.Modulated signal Jing Cross and be loaded on the relevant position of depositor by 16 position datawires after 16 analog-digital converter conversions, so as to change decimal point The frequency dividing ratio of frequency, because the frequency dividing ratio of decimal frequency divider changes according to the change of modulated signal, the output letter of voltage controlled oscillator Number also by this rule change, it is achieved thereby that direct current frequency modulation.
Realize that fractional frequency division can be subject to device operating frequencies and the resolution of fractional frequency division to be limited using FPGA circuitry, it is impossible to Work to higher frequency, can only work under relatively low phase demodulation frequency, and higher phase demodulation frequency is to phase-locked loop frequency synthesizer Phase noise there is improvement result, therefore mentioned prior art cannot be such that the phase noise of composite signal reaches most preferably.
Frequency synthesis is carried out using single phaselocked loop, in the case where reference frequency is relatively low, if improving the output of composite signal Frequency must just improve the frequency dividing ratio of loop, and improving frequency dividing ratio can cause the deterioration of phase noise of composite signal and improper It is used as the reference source of phase noise test.
If further improving the phase noise of composite signal in prior art basis, need nested using multiple phaselocked loops Structure, can so make frequency synthesis scheme become extremely complex, and increased cost.
Therefore, prior art existing defects, need to improve.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of broadband ultralow phase noise Can direct current chirp reference source circuit.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of broadband ultralow phase noise can direct current chirp reference source circuit, wherein, including D/A converting circuit, data Process and control circuit, DDS circuit, band filter, loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830;The digital-to-analogue Change-over circuit controls small modulated signal fmFrequcny modulation data is obtained after analog to digital conversion circuit conversion, at frequcny modulation data Jing data Reason and control circuit control carry out computing with the frequency control word of DDS circuit, control the output of DDS circuit, produce ultralow phase place The ultralow spuious transferred signal of noise, the transferred signal is sent to integrated frequency synthesizer after band filter HMC830, as the reference signal of phaselocked loop.
Described reference source circuit, wherein, the D/A converting circuit includes gain bias control circuit and A/D conversion electricity Road;The gain bias control circuit is made up of difference ADC driver AD8138 and resistance, electric capacity, inductance component, small tune Signal f processedmIt is input to the shape that direct current biasing and amplitude after gain bias control circuit are adjusted to suitable A/D change-over circuits conversion A/D change-over circuits are input to after state;The A/D change-over circuits are by 1.8V, 12,250Msps analog-digital converter MAX1215EGK And Resistor-Capacitor Unit is constituted, input signal is carried out output signal DATA1 after digital-to-analogue conversion by A/D change-over circuits.
Described reference source circuit, wherein, the Digital Signal Processing and control circuit, by digital signal processor, when Clock process circuit and Resistor-Capacitor Unit are constituted, and the digital signal processor is used to carry out digital filter to 12 position digital signal DATA1 Ripple process, to meet the characteristics of signals required by different test conditions, carries out digital filtering output signal DATA2;The clock Process circuit is clock signal f to being input intoclkEnter line frequency and amplitude conversion, reach the use for meeting digital signal processor Require.
Described reference source circuit, wherein, the DDS circuit by two spurious reduction passages direct synthesizer AD9912 is constituted, by 1000MHz ultra-low noise reference signals frefAD9912 is connected to Jing after the single-ended conversion to both-end as being System clock, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 produces Jing interface circuits and delivers to FPGA by CPU, inside FPGA, frequcny modulation data DATA2 is added with frequency control word CtrlDATA1 and obtains the output that new frequency control word CtrlDATA2 controls AD9912;Its In, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 is constant after being set, and frequcny modulation data DATA2 does not stop to be received under synchronised clock effect, and Computing is done with frequency control word CtrlDATA1, new frequency control word CtrlDATA2, frequency control word is ceaselessly produced CtrlDATA2 does not stop the output frequency for changing AD9912 under synchronised clock effect, realizes the tune to AD9912 output frequencies System, output signal f1
Described reference source circuit, wherein, the phaselocked loop is used to extend to 1.6 to the reference frequency output of DDS circuit ~2.4GHz;The phaselocked loop includes loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830, integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 has been internally integrated VCO, variable frequency divider, phase discriminator, charge pump;DDS circuit output signal f1Jing bandpass filterings After device, band filter output f2The reference input of phaselocked loop phase discriminator is connected to, the signal f with variable frequency divider output3Carry out Phase demodulation, the error signal of charge pump output is connected with loop filter, and loop filter filters the radio-frequency component in error signal, The output frequency of VCO is adjusted, makes phaselocked loop obtain final output signal f of 1.6~2.4GHzout;The bandwidth of phase lock loop is arranged For 450-550kHz, band stray that DDS circuit is carried and phase demodulation is spuious is suppressed by loop.
Using such scheme:1st, using analog digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing and DDS and PLL hybrid frequencies synthesis skill Art, is capable of achieving direct current frequency modulation of the minute analog signal to wide-band microwave signal.2nd, it is higher using advanced DDS integrated chips synthesis The ultralow phase noise reference signal of frequency, using high phase comparison frequency horizontal lock is entered, and reduces phaselocked loop to reference signal phase place The deterioration of noise, it is ensured that the ultralow phase noise characteristic of the broadband signal of synthesis.3rd, using the phase-locked loop circuit of superior performance, It has been internally integrated the circuits such as phase discriminator, charge pump, frequency divider and VCO, and VCO reference frequency outputs are high, without the need for again after lock phase Frequency can directly obtain higher composite signal frequency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the circuit diagram for realizing direct current frequency modulation in prior art by changing frequency dividing ratio.
Fig. 2 be broadband ultralow phase noise of the present invention can direct current chirp reference source circuit figure.
Fig. 3 is DDS circuit figure in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The present invention's realizes principle as shown in Fig. 2 mainly including that D/A converting circuit, data processing and control, DDS are electric Road, band filter, loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 totally 6 parts, integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 is made up of phase discriminator, charge pump, voltage controlled oscillator and variable frequency divider.
Small modulated signal fmComputing is carried out with the frequency control word of DDS after analog digital conversion, the output of DDS is controlled, Ultralow phase noise, ultralow spuious transferred signal are produced, transferred signal gives phaselocked loop phase discriminator after band filter, As the reference signal of phaselocked loop.Broadband signal frequency synthesis is realized by controlling the variable frequency divider of phaselocked loop.
Wherein, the major function of D/A converting circuit is by small modulated signal fmDigital to analog conversion is carried out, 12 are transformed to Digital signal.Two parts are converted comprising gain, biasing control and A/D in the circuit, gain, biasing are controlled small modulated signal fmBe adjusted to be adapted to A/D conversion state, to greatest extent improve A/D converter effective utilization, A/D walk around device use low mistake Very, difference ADC driver AD8138 and 1.8V, 12,250Msps analog-digital converters MAX1215EGK and Resistor-Capacitor Unit are constituted.
The effect of Digital Signal Processing and control circuit is processed and by after process obtaining 12 position digital signals Data deliver to DDS module.The circuit is made up of digital signal processor, clocked processing circuits and related Resistor-Capacitor Unit.Numeral letter The effect of number processor is to carry out digital filtering process to 12 position digital signals, to meet the signal required by different test conditions Characteristic;Clocked processing circuits are that the clock signal to being input into enters line frequency and amplitude conversion, reach and meet digital signal processor Use requirement.
It is illustrated in figure 3 high-purity DDS module theory diagram.To realize ultralow phase noise, ultralow spuious, high-purity DDS moulds Block is from the direct synthesizer AD9912 with two spurious reduction passages.1000MHz ultra-low noise reference signals frefJing AD9912 is connected to after the single-ended conversion to both-end as system clock, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 is by CPU Jing interface circuits FPGA is delivered to, inside FPGA, frequcny modulation data is added with frequency control word CtrlDATA1 and obtains new frequency control word CtrlDATA2 controls the output of AD9912.Frequency control word CtrlDATA1 is constant after being set, and frequcny modulation data is in synchronised clock Ceaselessly received under effect, and computing is done with frequency control word CtrlDATA1, ceaselessly produced new frequency control word CtrlDATA2, frequency control word CtrlDATA2 do not stop the output frequency for changing AD9912 under synchronised clock effect, realize Modulation to AD9912 output frequencies.
Phaselocked loop is that the reference frequency output of high-purity DDS module is extended to into 1.6~2.4GHz.Phaselocked loop is filtered including loop Ripple device and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830, integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 be internally integrated VCO, variable frequency divider, The functional units such as phase discriminator, charge pump.High-purity DDS module output signal is connected to the defeated of phaselocked loop phase discriminator Jing after band filter Enter end, with the signal of variable frequency divider output phase demodulation is carried out.The error signal of charge pump output is connected with loop filter, loop Wave filter filters the radio-frequency component in error signal, adjusts the output frequency of VCO, make VCO output frequencies be locked in 1.6~ 2.4GHz.Phase-locked loop bandwidth is set to 500kHz or so, band stray that DDS signals are carried and phase demodulation is spuious is pressed down by loop System.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of above-described embodiment, further, as shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 3, a kind of broadband ultralow phase noise can be straight Stream chirp reference source circuit, wherein, including D/A converting circuit, data processing and control circuit, DDS circuit, band filter, Loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830;The D/A converting circuit controls small modulated signal fmThrough modulus Frequcny modulation data, frequcny modulation data Jing data processings and control circuit control and the frequency control of DDS circuit are obtained after change-over circuit conversion Word processed carries out computing, controls the output of DDS circuit, produces the ultralow spuious transferred signal of ultralow phase noise, described to be adjusted letter Number integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 is sent to after band filter, as the reference signal of phaselocked loop.
The D/A converting circuit includes gain, bias control circuit and A/D change-over circuits;The gain, biasing control Circuit is made up of difference ADC driver AD8138 and resistance, electric capacity, inductance component, small modulated signal fmIt is input to gain Direct current biasing and amplitude are adjusted to after the state of suitable A/D change-over circuits conversion and are input to A/D conversions after bias control circuit Circuit;The A/D change-over circuits are made up of 1.8V, 12,250Msps analog-digital converters MAX1215EGK and Resistor-Capacitor Unit, A/D Input signal is carried out output signal DATA1 after digital-to-analogue conversion by change-over circuit.
The Digital Signal Processing and control circuit, by digital signal processor, clocked processing circuits and Resistor-Capacitor Unit structure Into the digital signal processor is used to carry out digital filtering process to 12 position digital signal DATA1, to meet different test strip Characteristics of signals required by part, carries out digital filtering output signal DATA2;The clocked processing circuits are the clock letters to being input into Number fclkEnter line frequency and amplitude conversion, reach the use requirement for meeting digital signal processor.
The DDS circuit is made up of the direct synthesizer AD9912 of two spurious reduction passages, and 1000MHz is ultralow Noise reference signal frefAD9912 is connected to Jing after the single-ended conversion to both-end as system clock, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 produces Jing interface circuits and delivers to FPGA by CPU, inside FPGA, frequcny modulation data DATA2 and frequency control word CtrlDATA1 is added and obtains the output that new frequency control word CtrlDATA2 controls AD9912;Wherein, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 is constant after being set, and frequcny modulation data DATA2 does not stop to be received under synchronised clock effect, and and frequency control word CtrlDATA1 does computing, ceaselessly produces new frequency control word CtrlDATA2, and frequency control word CtrlDATA2 is when synchronous Do not stop the output frequency for changing AD9912 under clock effect, realize the modulation to AD9912 output frequencies, output signal f1
The phaselocked loop is used to extend to 1.6~2.4GHz to the reference frequency output of DDS circuit;The phaselocked loop includes Loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830, integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 be internally integrated VCO, can variation Frequency device, phase discriminator, charge pump;DDS circuit output signal f1Jing after band filter, wave filter output f2It is connected to phaselocked loop The reference input of phase discriminator, the signal f with variable frequency divider output3Carry out phase demodulation, the error signal and ring of charge pump output Path filter is connected, and loop filter filters the radio-frequency component in error signal, adjusts the output frequency of VCO, obtains phaselocked loop Obtain final output signal f of 1.6~2.4GHzout;The bandwidth of phase lock loop is set to 450-550kHz, the band that DDS circuit is carried Outward spuious and phase demodulation is spuious is suppressed by loop.
Using such scheme:1st, using analog digital conversion and Digital Signal Processing and DDS and PLL hybrid frequencies synthesis skill Art, is capable of achieving direct current frequency modulation of the minute analog signal to wide-band microwave signal.2nd, it is higher using advanced DDS integrated chips synthesis The ultralow phase noise reference signal of frequency, using high phase comparison frequency horizontal lock is entered, and reduces phaselocked loop to reference signal phase place The deterioration of noise, it is ensured that the ultralow phase noise characteristic of the broadband signal of synthesis.3rd, using the phase-locked loop circuit of superior performance, It has been internally integrated the circuits such as phase discriminator, charge pump, frequency divider and VCO, and VCO reference frequency outputs are high, without the need for again after lock phase Frequency can directly obtain higher composite signal frequency.
It should be appreciated that for those of ordinary skills, can according to the above description be improved or be converted, And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of broadband ultralow phase noise can direct current chirp reference source circuit, it is characterised in that being included in can direct current frequency modulation D/A converting circuit, data processing and control circuit, the DDS being sequentially connected between the input and outfan of reference source circuit is electric Road, band filter, loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830;The integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 with The loop filter forms phaselocked loop;The D/A converting circuit controls small modulated signal fmTurn through D/A converting circuit Frequcny modulation data is obtained after changing, frequcny modulation data Jing data processings and control circuit control are transported with the frequency control word of DDS circuit Calculate, control the output of DDS circuit, produce the ultralow spuious transferred signal of ultralow phase noise, the transferred signal is through band logical Integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830 is sent to after wave filter, as the reference signal of phaselocked loop;The D/A converting circuit bag Include gain, bias control circuit and A/D change-over circuits;The gain, bias control circuit by difference ADC driver AD8138 and Resistance, electric capacity, inductance component are constituted, small modulated signal fmIt is input to gain, bias control circuit, direct current biasing and amplitude It is adjusted to after the state of suitable A/D change-over circuits conversion and is input to A/D change-over circuits;The A/D change-over circuits by 1.8V, 12 Position, 250Msps analog-digital converters MAX1215EGK and Resistor-Capacitor Unit are constituted, and input signal is carried out digital-to-analogue and turned by A/D change-over circuits Change rear output signal DATA1;
The data processing and control circuit, are made up of digital signal processor, clocked processing circuits and Resistor-Capacitor Unit, the number Word signal processor is used for carrying out at digital filtering through 12 position digital signal DATA1 produced by D/A converting circuit process Reason, to meet the characteristics of signals required by different test conditions, carries out digital filtering output signal DATA2;The clock is processed Circuit is clock signal f to being input intoclkEnter line frequency and amplitude conversion, reach the use requirement for meeting digital signal processor.
2. reference source circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the DDS circuit is by FPGA and Direct frequency synthesizer Device AD9912 is constituted, by 1000MHz ultra-low noise reference signals frefIt is connected to direct frequency Jing after the single-ended conversion to both-end to close AD9912 grow up to be a useful person as system clock, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 produces Jing interface circuits and delivers to FPGA by CPU, in FPGA Inside, frequcny modulation data DATA2 is added with frequency control word CtrlDATA1 and obtains new frequency control word CtrlDATA2 controls directly Connect the output of frequency synthesizer AD9912;Wherein, frequency control word CtrlDATA1 is constant after being set, and frequcny modulation data DATA2 exists Do not stop to be received under synchronised clock effect, and computing is done with frequency control word CtrlDATA1, ceaselessly produce new FREQUENCY CONTROL Word CtrlDATA2, frequency control word CtrlDATA2 do not stop to change direct synthesizer AD9912's under synchronised clock effect Output frequency, realizes the modulation to direct synthesizer AD9912 output frequencies, output signal f1
3. reference source circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the phaselocked loop is used for the output frequency to DDS circuit Rate range expansion is to 1.6~2.4GHz;The phaselocked loop includes loop filter and integrated frequency synthesizer HMC830, integrated Frequency synthesizer HMC830 be internally integrated VCO, variable frequency divider, phase discriminator, charge pump;The DDS circuit output signal f1Jing after band filter, band filter output f2The reference input of the phase discriminator of phaselocked loop is connected to, it is defeated with variable frequency divider The signal f for going out3Phase demodulation is carried out, the error signal of charge pump output is connected with loop filter, and loop filter filters error letter Radio-frequency component in number, adjusts the output frequency of VCO, makes phaselocked loop obtain final output signal f of 1.6~2.4GHzout;Institute State bandwidth of phase lock loop and be set to 450-550kHz, band stray that DDS circuit is carried and phase demodulation is spuious is suppressed by loop.
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