CN103636916A - Method for preparing high content rice bran protein from degreased rice bran - Google Patents
Method for preparing high content rice bran protein from degreased rice bran Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing high content rice bran protein from degreased rice bran. The method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment, namely adding degreased rice bran into water in a mass ratio of 1:(10-12), uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to 10.5-10.8, adding proper amount of alkaline protease at 40-45 DEG C for enzymolysis at constant temperature for 0.5-1 hour, and after enzymolysis, carrying out enzyme deactivation; (2) alkaline extraction, namely heating the feed liquid to 55-60 DEG C, maintaining the pH to 10.5-10.8, carrying out alkaline extraction for 2-3 hours and centrifugalizing to obtain supernate; and (3) enzymolysis, namely adjusting the pH value of the supernate to 4.6, standing for 1-1.5 hours to precipitate the rice bran protein, then, carrying out centrifugal separation to obtain slurry rice bran protein precipitate, adding proper amount of water into the slurry rice bran protein precipitate, uniformly mixing till the mass fraction of the rice bran protein is 25%, adjusting the pH to 4.4-4.6, adding proper amount of saccharifying enzyme, carrying out enzymolysis for 1.5-2 hours at 58-65 DEG C, carrying out enzyme deactivation after enzymolysis, carrying out centrifugal separation again to obtain slurry rice bran protein, and freezing and drying the slurry rice bran protein to obtain the powdery rice bran protein product. The extraction ratio of the method provided by the invention is improved to about 62%, and the rice bran protein is low in impurity content and high in purity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of rice bran protein, especially relate to a kind of method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran.
Background technology
Rice bran protein is to generally acknowledge quality plant protein, and its essential amino acid Compositional balance is reasonable, approaches FAO/WHO and recommends pattern; Wherein lysine content is higher, and incomparable for other vegetable protein, very high its nutritive value of rice bran protein biological value can compare favourably with egg, cow's milk, and digestibility can reach more than 90%; And rice bran protein is hypoallergenic albumen, can not produce allergic reaction, therefore, rice bran protein is suitable as infant and special population nutraceutical very much.
The extracting method of rice bran protein mainly contains three kinds at present, comprise that the molten acid of alkali sinks method, enzyme process and physics extraction method, the more of report is utilize enzyme process directly to extract rice bran protein or repeatedly utilize the heavy method of the molten acid of alkali to extract albumen to reach the object of increasing percent protein, the deficiencies in the prior art part is: complicated operation, rice bran protein recovery rate is low, the rice bran protein content extracting is not high, this research is on the heavy method of the molten acid of traditional alkali basis, utilize alkali protease to its pretreatment to improve the recovery rate of albumen, with carbohydrase, the rice bran protein of getting is carried out to purifying, to increase substantially rice bran protein content (content can reach 85%), method is simple.
Summary of the invention
The rice bran protein extracting method complicated operation that the object of the invention is to solve prior art, rice bran protein recovery rate is low, and the not high deficiency of rice bran protein content of extracting, provides a kind of method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran.The method recovery rate is high, can increase substantially the content of rice bran protein.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment: defatted rice bran added to water and mixes than 1:10～12 according to material water quality, regulate pH value to 10.5～10.8, adding appropriate alkali protease in 40～45 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 0.5～1h, enzyme goes out after enzymolysis finishes;
(2) alkali is carried: the pretreated feed liquid of step (1) is warming up to 55～60 ℃, maintains pH10.5～10.8, alkali is carried 2～3h, then centrifugal acquisition supernatant;
(3) enzymolysis: by the supernatant adjust pH to 4.6 of step (2), standing 1～1.5h makes rice bran protein precipitation, then centrifugation obtains pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation, described pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation adds suitable quantity of water and stirs, the mass fraction that makes rice bran protein is 25%, regulate pH to 4.4～4.6, add appropriate carbohydrase, in 58～65 ℃ of enzymolysis 1.5～2h, enzyme goes out after enzymolysis completes, centrifugation obtains pulpous state rice bran protein again, and described pulpous state rice bran protein obtains Powdered rice bran protein product through freeze drying.Inventor finds through research, mass fraction as the rice bran protein of substrate in carbohydrase enzymolysis process has material impact to the height of the protein content of hydrolysis result and rice bran protein product, concentration of substrate is too high, the separated and dissolved that is unfavorable for soluble sugar, causes the protein content of rice bran protein product on the low side; When concentration of substrate too low, enzymolysis efficiency is poor, also reduced production efficiency, therefore, the mass fraction of carbohydrase enzymolysis process choosing rice bran protein of the present invention is 25%, has guaranteed on the one hand carbohydrase enzymolysis effect, in enzymolysis liquid, soluble sugar is easy to separation in addition, the protein content of rice bran protein product can significantly improve, and to meet the requirement of field of food application, has improved the using value of rice bran protein product.
As preferably, the addition of step (1) neutral and alkali protease is 0.4～0.5% of defatted rice bran quality, and the enzyme work of described alkali protease is 200,000 U/g.
As preferably, in step (3), the addition of carbohydrase is 0.5% of rice bran protein precipitation butt quality, and the enzyme work of described carbohydrase is 150,000 U/g.Increase along with enzyme concentration, the protein content of rice bran protein product constantly raises, but consider utilization rate and the financial cost of carbohydrase, the addition of carbohydrase of the present invention is elected 0.5% of rice bran protein precipitation butt quality as, it is 750U/g substrate, now the utilization rate of carbohydrase is the highest, and hydrolysis result is best.
As preferably, in step (3), carbohydrase enzymolysis repeats twice.By twice carbohydrase enzymolysis, can make the protein content of rice bran protein product further improve and reach 90%, the purity of rice bran protein significantly improves, and makes it be suitable as very much infant and special population nutraceutical.
As preferably, in step (3), the pH value of carbohydrase enzymolysis is 4.5, and hydrolysis temperature is 60 ℃, and enzymolysis time is 1.5h.Temperature is when 60 ℃ of left and right, and the protein content of products obtained therefrom is the highest.The too low too high activity that all can suppress carbohydrase of carbohydrase enzymolysis temperature, cause enzyme digestion reaction speed slack-off, carbohydrate impurity can not get good removal, thereby makes protein content on the low side, when hydrolysis temperature is 60 ℃, the protein content of described rice bran protein product is the highest; The too high or too low activity that all can suppress carbohydrase of pH, causes the protein content of rice bran protein product on the low side, through research, finds, when pH value is during in 4.5 left and right, the protein content of gained rice bran protein product is the highest; Prolongation along with enzymolysis time, the protein content of rice bran protein product significantly rises, but after having arrived 1.5h, because the carbohydrate impurity major part in protein liquid is removed, extending enzymolysis time has been difficult to increase percent protein again again, the protein content that extends enzymolysis time rice bran protein product does not have too large variation, therefore determines that enzymolysis time is 1.5h.
As preferably, in step (1), enzyme-removal temperature is 90 ℃, and the time is 10min, and in step (2), centrifugal rotating speed is 4000～4500rpm, and centrifugation time is 20～25min.
As preferably, in step (3), enzyme-removal temperature is 85 ℃, and the time is 10min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4000～4500rpm, and centrifugation time is 10～15min.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the present invention utilizes the heavy method of the molten acid of enzyme auxiliary alkali that the recovery rate of rice bran protein can be brought up to 62% left and right, and the heavy recovery rate that extracts rice bran protein of the molten acid of the alkali of prior art is only 46% left and right, by comparison, recovery rate of the present invention significantly improves, and gained rice bran protein impurity content is low, the purity of rice bran protein is higher;
(2) the present invention utilizes carbohydrase to carry out purifying to the rice bran protein making, a carbohydrase is processed and can be made the protein content of rice bran protein product reach 82%, the protein content of the rice bran protein that the heavy method of the molten acid of alkali of prior art is extracted is conventionally between 60～70%, by comparison, the protein content of the rice bran protein that the present invention makes significantly improves, as nutraceutical, use, be of high nutritive value;
(3) on the basis of a carbohydrase processing, the rice bran protein making is carried out to the processing of dextrine conversion enzyme can make the protein content of rice bran protein product further improve and reach 90%, the purity of rice bran protein significantly improves, and makes it be suitable as very much infant and special population nutraceutical.
The specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail, the instrument and equipment that each embodiment is used is all commercial conventional equipment, the reagent that each embodiment is used is all commercial conventional reagent.
Alkali protease enzyme is lived: 200,000 U/g; Glucoamylase enzyme is lived: 150,000 U/g.
The mensuration of moisture: 105 ℃ of constant weight methods, GB/T50093-2003.
Protein measuring: micro-Kjeldahl, GB/T50095-2003.
The mensuration of crude fat: Soxhlet extraction process, GB/T50096-2003.
Coarse-fibred mensuration: GB/T500910-2003.
The mensuration of ash content: calcination gravimetric method, GB/T5509.4-2003.
Extraction rate of protein (%)=(in product in the amount of protein (g)/raw material protein gross mass (g)) * 100
The quality index data of embodiment 1～3 raw materials used defatted rice bran is: moisture: 9.92%, and albumen: 23.6%, crude fat: 1.1%, crude fibre: 9.7%, ash content: 4.68%.
Embodiment 1:
A method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment: defatted rice bran is mixed than 1:10 by material water quality, and adjust pH to 10.5, adds the alkali protease of defatted rice bran quality 0.4% in 40 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 1h, and then in 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, the enzyme time of going out is 10min;
(2) alkali is carried: the pretreated feed liquid of step (1) is warming up to 55 ℃, maintains pH10.5, alkali is carried 3h, at rotating speed, is then that under 4000rpm condition, centrifugation time is that 25min obtains supernatant;
(3) enzymolysis: by the supernatant adjust pH to 4.6 of step (2), standing 1h makes rice bran protein precipitation, then at rotating speed, be that under 4000rpm condition, centrifugal 25min obtains pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation, described pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation adds suitable quantity of water and stirs, the mass fraction that makes rice bran protein is 25%, regulate pH to 4.4, the carbohydrase that adds rice bran protein precipitation butt quality 0.5%, in 58 ℃ of enzymolysis 2h, after enzymolysis completes in 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, enzyme time of going out is 10min, at rotating speed, be that under 4000rpm condition, centrifugal 25min obtains pulpous state rice bran protein again, described rice bran protein obtains Powdered rice bran protein product through freeze drying, the rice bran protein product quality indicator that embodiment 1 obtains is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 2:
A method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment: defatted rice bran is mixed than 1:12 by material water quality, and adjust pH to 10.8, adds the alkali protease of defatted rice bran quality 0.5% in 45 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 0.5h, and then in 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, the enzyme time of going out is 10min;
(2) alkali is carried: the pretreated feed liquid of step (1) is warming up to 60 ℃, maintains pH10.8, alkali is carried 2h, at rotating speed, is then that under 4500rpm condition, centrifugation time is that 20min obtains supernatant;
(3) enzymolysis: by the supernatant adjust pH to 4.6 of step (2), standing 1.5h makes rice bran protein precipitation, then at rotating speed, be that under 4500rpm condition, centrifugal 20min obtains pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation, described pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation adds suitable quantity of water and stirs, the mass fraction that makes rice bran protein is 25%, regulate pH to 4.6, the carbohydrase that adds rice bran protein precipitation butt quality 0.5%, in 65 ℃ of enzymolysis 1.5h, after enzymolysis completes in 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, enzyme time of going out is 10min, at rotating speed, be that under 4500rpm condition, centrifugal 20min obtains pulpous state rice bran protein again, described pulpous state rice bran protein carries out dextrine conversion enzyme enzymolysis by aforesaid operations again, through the enzyme that goes out, after centrifugation, obtain the pulpous state rice bran protein after secondary enzymolysis, described pulpous state rice bran protein obtains Powdered rice bran protein product through freeze drying, the rice bran protein product quality indicator that embodiment 2 obtains is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3:
A method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran, comprises the steps:
(1) pretreatment: defatted rice bran is mixed than 1:11 by material water quality, and adjust pH to 10.6, adds the alkali protease of defatted rice bran quality 0.45% in 42 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 1h, and then in 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, the enzyme time of going out is 10min;
(2) alkali is carried: the pretreated feed liquid of step (1) is warming up to 58 ℃, maintains pH10.6, alkali is carried 2.5h, at rotating speed, is then that under 4200rpm condition, centrifugation time is that 22min obtains supernatant;
(3) enzymolysis: by the supernatant adjust pH to 4.6 of step (2), standing 1.5h makes rice bran protein precipitation, then at rotating speed, be that under 4200rpm condition, centrifugal 22min obtains pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation, described pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation adds suitable quantity of water and stirs, the mass fraction that makes rice bran protein is 25%, regulate pH to 4.5, the carbohydrase that adds rice bran protein precipitation butt quality 0.5%, in 60 ℃ of enzymolysis 1.5h, after enzymolysis completes in 90 ℃ of enzymes that go out, enzyme time of going out is 10min, at rotating speed, be that under 4200rpm condition, centrifugal 22min obtains pulpous state rice bran protein again, described pulpous state rice bran protein carries out dextrine conversion enzyme enzymolysis by aforesaid operations again, through the enzyme that goes out, after centrifugation, obtain the pulpous state rice bran protein after secondary enzymolysis, described pulpous state rice bran protein obtains Powdered rice bran protein product through freeze drying, the rice bran protein product quality indicator that embodiment 3 obtains is as shown in table 1.
Quality index (the unit: %) as shown in table 1 of the rice bran protein product that embodiment 1～3 obtains
| ? | Moisture | Protein | Crude fat | Crude fibre | Ash content | Recovery rate |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.7% | 82.0% | 0.4% | 0.2% | 0.9% | 60.8% |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.6% | 92.4% | 0.2% | 0.3% | 0.8% | 62.4% |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.6% | 93.8% | 0.3% | 0.3% | 0.9% | 63.1% |
Above-described embodiment is a kind of preferably scheme of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction, also has other variant and remodeling under the prerequisite that does not exceed the technical scheme that claim records.
Claims (7)
1. from defatted rice bran, prepare a method for high-load rice bran protein, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) pretreatment: defatted rice bran is mixed than 1:10～12 by material water quality, and adjust pH to 10.5～10.8, add appropriate alkali protease in 40～45 ℃ of constant temperature enzymolysis 0.5～1h, and enzyme then goes out;
(2) alkali is carried: the pretreated feed liquid of step (1) is warming up to 55～60 ℃, maintains pH10.5～10.8, alkali is carried 2～3h, then centrifugal acquisition supernatant;
(3) enzymolysis: by the supernatant adjust pH to 4.6 of step (2), standing 1～1.5h makes rice bran protein precipitation, then centrifugation obtains pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation, described pulpous state rice bran protein precipitation adds suitable quantity of water and stirs, and regulates pH to 4.4～4.6, adds appropriate carbohydrase, in 58～65 ℃ of enzymolysis 1.5～2h, the enzyme that goes out after enzymolysis completes, centrifugation obtains pulpous state rice bran protein again, and described pulpous state rice bran protein obtains Powdered rice bran protein product through freeze drying.
2. a kind of method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the addition of step (1) neutral and alkali protease is 0.4～0.5% of defatted rice bran quality, and the enzyme work of described alkali protease is 200,000 U/g.
3. a kind of method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (3), the addition of carbohydrase is 0.5% of rice bran protein precipitation butt quality, and the enzyme work of described carbohydrase is 150,000 U/g.
4. according to a kind of method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: step (3) carbohydrase enzymolysis repeats twice.
5. according to a kind of method of preparing high-load rice bran protein from defatted rice bran described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in step (3), the pH value of carbohydrase enzymolysis is 4.5, and hydrolysis temperature is 60 ℃, and enzymolysis time is 1.5h.
6. according to a kind of method of preparing rice bran protein from the rice bran high temperature dregs of rice described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in step (1), enzyme-removal temperature is 90 ℃, time is 10min, and in step (2), centrifugal rotating speed is 4000～4500rpm, and centrifugation time is 20～25min.
7. according to a kind of method of preparing rice bran protein from the rice bran high temperature dregs of rice described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: in step (3), enzyme-removal temperature is 85, ℃ time is 10min, and centrifugal rotating speed is 4000～4500rpm, and centrifugation time is 10～15min.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105660984A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏康之源粮油有限公司 | Preparation method of rice bran protein |
| CN106749701A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡甜丰食品有限公司 | The method of the efficient coproduction maltodextrin of paddy processing byproduct and rice gluten |
| CN111440837A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-24 | 沈阳农业大学 | High F value oligopeptide and preparation method thereof |
| CN115669794A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-02-03 | 河南工业大学 | Method for improving solubility of rice bran protein |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105660984A (en) * | 2016-01-19 | 2016-06-15 | 江苏康之源粮油有限公司 | Preparation method of rice bran protein |
| CN106749701A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 无锡甜丰食品有限公司 | The method of the efficient coproduction maltodextrin of paddy processing byproduct and rice gluten |
| CN106749701B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2019-04-23 | 无锡甜丰食品有限公司 | The method of paddy processing byproduct efficient coproduction maltodextrin and rice gluten |
| CN111440837A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-07-24 | 沈阳农业大学 | High F value oligopeptide and preparation method thereof |
| CN115669794A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2023-02-03 | 河南工业大学 | Method for improving solubility of rice bran protein |
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