CN103636480A - Duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device and application of duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device in duckweed cultivation - Google Patents
Duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device and application of duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device in duckweed cultivation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy plant cultivation and provides a duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device. One structure adopted by the duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device is a frame body I, wherein the frame body I is formed by at least three louver blade assemblies in a surrounding manner; the top surface and the bottom surface of the frame body I are open; the side surfaces of the frame body I adopt a louver blade structure. Another structure adopted by the duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device is composed of a frame body II and coamings, wherein the frame body II is formed by louver blade assemblies in a surrounding manner; the coamings are arranged at the periphery of the frame body II. The third structure adopted by the duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device is formed by at least three perforated frame bodies III with different sizes, which are nested and combined together; the top surface of each perforated frame body III is open; during nesting and combining, the opening of each perforated frame body III faces up. When the duckweed-culturing wave-eliminating device is used for duckweed cultivation, impacts, of waves of a flowing water body, on duckweeds, can be weakened or eliminated, the area of a water surface suitable for growth of the duckweeds can be increased, and the yield of the duckweeds can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy-source plant culture technique field, relate to duckweed and cultivate disappear unrestrained device and the application in duckweed is cultivated thereof.
Background technology
Duckweed (Duckweed) is the general designation of Lemnaceae (Lemnaceae) plant, has 5 and belongs to 38 kinds, all has distribution all over the world, relies on photoautotrophy, can from air, absorb rapidly CO by root or thallus
2, from water the material such as absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus, can directly utilize waste water growth, without pretreatment such as sterilizings.Duckweed can be starch, protein, cellulose etc. by Substance Transformations such as the nitrogen absorbing from water body, phosphorus, wherein content of starch can be up to 75% of duckweed dry weight, there is high Potential Comprehensive Utilization, can realize the recycling of sanitary sewage, can not become secondary pollution source.Duckweed also has and is better than other water plants outstanding advantage: (1) reproduction speed is fast, within approximately 2～7 days, can breed a generation, and biomass accumulation speed is 28 times of corn; (2) can campaign long, water temperature can be produced higher than 5 ℃, and temperate zone to torrid areas can annual growth, and production for a long time can circulate; (3) can absorb airborne CO
2, directly utilize N, P in waste water, can alleviate greenhouse effect, purifying water body, simultaneously the heavy metal in adsorbable water also; (4) Energy output level is high, is following biomass liquid fuel one of the most potential strategic raw material; (5) protein content height can, up to 45% of its dry weight, be widely used as the bait of feed stripped and fish; (6) content of cellulose is low, and plant higher structure is few, easy to digest, and or not containing poisonous alkaloid, its Argine Monohydrochloride content is not comprehensive, contains more lysine and methionine, approaches animal protein, suitable with soybean, can be utilized by high efficiency animal.
Duckweed lives in the static fresh water water surface mostly, minority is lived in the waters that water velocity is less than 1m/s, it is agglomerating that wave can overturn duckweed or make duckweed to pile up, particularly the thallus of some duckweeds only has one side can carry out photosynthesis, duckweed is overturned can be because cannot carry out photosynthesis and death, and pile up too thick meeting, cause insufficient light, thereby cause duckweed dead, so duckweed is feared wave mostly.There is no at present about be greater than the report of normal growth duckweed in the wave water body of 1m/s in water velocity, therefore this has seriously restricted development and the application of duckweed recovery energy, needs badly to develop the duckweed that weakens the wave of eliminating or eliminate current water and cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is can only cause in the tranquil water surface growth defect of duckweed output wretched insufficiency for current duckweed, provide duckweed to cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears, described device is used for cultivating duckweed, can weaken or eliminate the impact of the wave of current water on duckweed growth, can increase the water surface area that is applicable to duckweed growth, improve the output of duckweed.
Duckweed of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears following three kinds of structures:
It is end face and the bottom surface opening being surrounded by least three louvre blade assemblies that the duckweed of the first structure is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, side is the framework of louver blade structure, described louvre blade assembly comprises the fixed mount being comprised of two crossbeams and two root posts, blade and blade angle are adjusted axle, on the crossbeam of fixed mount top, be provided with the fixed block of adjusting axle for blade angle is installed, on two columns of fixed mount, be provided with vertically a plurality of blades installations hole, it is helicitic texture that blade angle is adjusted axle upper end section, one end that blade angle adjustment axle has helicitic texture is arranged on fixed mount by described fixed block and nut, blade is multi-disc, on one lateral edges of each blade, be provided with rotating shaft, the rotating shaft two ends of each blade are inserted into respectively in the respective vanes installing hole of fixed mount two columns settings, the middle part of each blade is adjusted axle by hinge and blade angle and is connected.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the first structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, and the height of the framework being surrounded by louvre blade assembly is 0.4m～2m, and the width of blade is 5cm～10cm.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the first structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, and adjacent two the louvre blade assemblies that surround framework share a root post.
It is to set up coaming plate on the duckweed of the first structure is cultivated the basis of the unrestrained device that disappears that the duckweed of the second structure is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, the framework periphery setting that described coaming plate surrounds around louvre blade assembly, and the bottom of coaming plate is connected with the column of fixed mount by support.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the second structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, the height of coaming plate be at least 0.4m and≤height of the framework that surrounded by louvre blade assembly, coaming plate is 45 °～70 ° angles with the framework end face being surrounded by louvre blade assembly, spacing between coaming plate top and the framework end face that surrounded by louvre blade assembly is 0m～0.2m, and the spacing between coaming plate bottom and the framework side that surrounded by louvre blade assembly is 0.5m～2m.
The duckweed of the third structure is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, and by least three nested combining of framework with holes that size is different, each framework with holes is the framework of end face opening, the opening upwards of each framework with holes during nested combination.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the third structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, and the area in the hole arranging in innermost layer framework with holes is 2mm
2～5mm
2, the area in the hole arranging in outermost layer framework with holes is 200mm
2～500mm
2, from innermost layer framework with holes to outermost layer framework with holes, the area in set hole increases successively.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the third structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, and the height of each framework with holes equates, is 0.4m～2m, and it is 10cm～50cm that the length of each framework with holes and width should meet the spacing between each framework with holes after nested combination.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the third structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, and the shape of described framework with holes can be arbitrary shape, considers, preferably square, cuboid, cylinder from the angle of processing and fabricating.
The duckweed of above-mentioned the third structure is cultivated and disappears in unrestrained device, and in each framework with holes, the porose gross area is at least 80% of each framework surface area with holes.
The intensity that the duckweed of above-mentioned three kinds of structures is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears should meet and in flowing velocity, is at least under the impact of wave water body of 10m/s indeformablely, and described duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and can be made by metasequoia wood, acrylic resin or aluminium alloy.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned duckweed to cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears in the application in duckweed is cultivated.
The operation of above-mentioned application is as follows:
When described in using above-mentioned the first and the second, duckweed disappears unrestrained culture apparatus, described duckweed is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into current water, make its end face upwards, and the end face of the framework being surrounded by louvre blade assembly exceeds water surface 0.2m～1m, then regulate duckweed to cultivate to disappear the angle of unrestrained device water inlet side and water outlet side blade and the water surface, making into the blade of water side and the angle of the water surface is 60 °～90 °, the blade of water outlet side is parallel with the water surface (at this kind of state, current flow downward along shutter board, the kinetic energy of wave is transferred under water, it is tranquil that the water surface disappearing in unrestrained device keeps substantially), continue after plastic grill is put into the duckweed unrestrained culture apparatus that disappears, the water body of duckweed being put into plastic grill is again cultivated, when using the duckweed of above-mentioned the third structure to disappear unrestrained culture apparatus, duckweed is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into current water, make its end face upwards and end face exceed water surface 0.2m～1m, then plastic grill is put into the duckweed unrestrained culture apparatus that disappears, then the water body that duckweed is put into plastic grill is cultivated, the flow velocity of described current water is the high 5cm～10cm of being of 2m/s～4m/s, wave.
In above-mentioned application, preferably according to 80%～100% coverage rate, duckweed is put into the water body of grid.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
When 1, duckweed of the present invention being cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears cultivate for duckweed, mobile wave water body disappears after wave through the unrestrained device buffering that disappears, can significantly reduce flow velocity and the wave height of surperficial water body, at water volume flow rate, be to cultivate duckweed under the high environment for 5cm～10cm of 2m/s～4m/s, wave, and there is good culture effect (seeing embodiment 4～6 and comparative example 1～2).
2, adopt duckweed of the present invention to cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears, having solved duckweed can only cause the problem of duckweed output wretched insufficiency in tranquil water surface growth, greatly increased the coverage of water of applicable duckweed growth, is conducive to improve the output of duckweed.
3, adopt duckweed of the present invention to cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears, the cultivation of duckweed can be in contaminated water body, carried out, thereby the raw material of clean biofuel can not only be produced, and energy purifying water body, the pressure that pollution remission causes environment, has obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
4, the duckweed of the first structure of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, and can pass through the flow direction of the Angulation changes water body of adjusting vane, makes the water surface in device substantially keep tranquil; The duckweed of the second structure of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, not only can pass through the flow direction of the Angulation changes water body of adjusting vane, and its coaming plate has iris action to wave, blade can also carry out the secondary wave that disappears to climbing over the broken sea of coaming plate, wave height is played to the wave effect that disappears completely in the wave energy of 20cm, the water surface that makes to disappear in unrestrained device keeps tranquil, even when wave is higher, also has the unrestrained effect that disappears.
5, the duckweed of the third structure of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, and structure is very simple, can according to the actual conditions of water body, select the quantity of framework with holes, the spacing between each framework, and the size in hole and distribution in each framework with holes, thereby applicability is strong.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first structural representation that duckweed of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the second structural representation that duckweed of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears.
Fig. 4 is the vertical view of Fig. 3.
In Fig. 5, (A) figure is the scheme of installation that blade angle is adjusted axle, and (B) figure is the combination schematic diagram that blade and blade angle are adjusted axle, and (C) figure is the scheme of installation of blade on column.
Fig. 6 is the third structural representation that duckweed of the present invention is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears.
Fig. 7 is the vertical view of Fig. 6.
In Fig. 1～Fig. 7, 1-fixed mount, 1-1-column, 1-2-crossbeam, 1-1-1-blades installation hole, 2-blade, 2-1-rotating shaft, 3-coaming plate, 4-fixed block, 5-blade angle is adjusted axle, 6-nut, 7-support, 8-hinge, the 9-the first framework, the 10-the second framework, the 11-the three framework, spacing between D1-the first framework and the second framework, spacing between D2-the second framework and the 3rd framework, spacing between d-coaming plate bottom and the framework side that surrounded by louvre blade assembly, the height of the framework of H1-surrounded by louvre blade assembly, the height of H2-coaming plate, the height of H3-framework with holes, the length of the framework of L1-surrounded by louvre blade assembly, the length of L2-the first framework, the length of L3-the second framework, the length of L4-three framework, the width of the framework of W1-surrounded by louvre blade assembly, the width of W2-the first framework, the width of W3-the second framework, the width of W4-three framework.
Fig. 8 be in comparative example 1 duckweed dry weight with the change curve of incubation time.
Fig. 9 be in comparative example 2 duckweed dry weight with the change curve of incubation time.
Figure 10 be in embodiment 4, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 duckweed dry weight with the change curve comparison diagram of incubation time.
Figure 11 be in embodiment 5, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 duckweed dry weight with the change curve comparison diagram of incubation time.
Figure 12 be in embodiment 6, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 duckweed dry weight with the change curve comparison diagram of incubation time.
Embodiment
Structure and the application in duckweed is cultivated thereof of by the following examples and by reference to the accompanying drawings duckweed of the present invention being cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears are described further.
In following each embodiment, the assay method of duckweed fresh weight can be referring to Alicja Piotrowska, Andrzej Bajguz et al.Jasmonic acid as modulator of lead toxicity in aquatic plant Wolffia arrhiza (Lemnaceae) .Environmental and Experimental Botany66 (2009) 507-513, be specially: the duckweed of cultivating certain hour is taken out, with distilled water, clean 3 times, then on filter paper, place 5 minutes, weigh.
The assay method of duckweed dry weight: the duckweed of cultivating certain hour is taken out, clean 3 times with distilled water, then place on filter paper 5 minutes, be then dried to constant weight in the baking oven of 60 ℃, weigh.
Recruitment/blade area/the incubation time of Absolute growthiness=dry matter of duckweed, its unit is g/m
2/ d; The dry weight of dry weight-duckweed seed of duckweed during recruitment=sampling of described dry matter.
In following each embodiment, the compound method of described 20% Hoagland culture fluid is as follows:
(1) first prepare Hoagland culture fluid, its compound method is: 1. with distilled water, according to the concentration of each reagent in the mother liquor formula described in following table, prepare A, B, C, D, E, six kinds of mother liquors of F, wherein, during preparation mother liquor A, first use the HCl solution of 6N by Ca (NO
3)
24H
2o, KNO
3, KH
2pO
4dissolve, then add distilled water to be mixed with aimed concn; During preparation mother liquor D, first with the KOH solution of 6N, EDTA is dissolved, then add distilled water to be mixed with aimed concn; 2. according to distilled water preparation Hoagland culture fluid for the addition of various mother liquors in every liter of Hoagland culture fluid described in following table, the pH value of adjusting Hoagland culture fluid by HCl and NaOH is 6.5.In the Hoagland culture fluid of preparing, the concentration of N element is 349.73mg/L, and the concentration of P element is 154.89mg/L.
(2) prepare again 20% Hoagland culture fluid: a certain amount of Hoagland culture fluid is mixed with 4 times of distilled water to its volume, then at 115 ℃ of sterilizing 20min, standby.
The duckweed adopting in following each embodiment, for few root duckweed zh0051, gathers from Xinjin County, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province.
The preparation method of duckweed seed is as follows: duckweed is proceeded in 20% Hoagland culture fluid, be then placed in climatic cabinate and cultivate at least 14 days, when duckweed growth is vigorous, duckweed is taken out, with distilled water, clean, obtain duckweed seed; The weather conditions of climatic cabinate are set as: the photoperiod is that 16h, dark cycle are 8h, and photoperiodic cultivation temperature is that 25 ℃, intensity of illumination are 130 μ mol/m
2/ s, the cultivation temperature in dark cycle is 15 ℃.
Embodiment 1: unrestrained apparatus structure disappears
In the present embodiment, duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and is made by metasequoia wood, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 1, its vertical view is shown in Fig. 2, this unrestrained device that disappears is end face and the bottom surface opening being surrounded by four louvre blade assemblies, side is the framework of the rectangular shape of louver blade structure, adjacent two the louvre blade assemblies that surround framework share a root post, the length L 1 of described framework is 1.5m, width W 1 is 1m, height H 1 is 1m, described louvre blade assembly comprises the fixed mount 1 being comprised of two crossbeam 1-2 and two root post 1-1, blade 2 and blade angle are adjusted axle 5, on the crossbeam of fixed mount top, be provided with the fixed block 4 of adjusting axle for blade angle is installed, on two columns of fixed mount, be provided with vertically a plurality of blades installations hole 1-1-1, it is helicitic texture that blade angle is adjusted axle 5 upper end sections, one end that blade angle adjustment axle has helicitic texture is arranged on fixed mount 1 by described fixed block 4 and nut 6, blade is multi-disc, the width of blade is 5cm, on one lateral edges of each blade, be provided with rotating shaft 2-1, the rotating shaft 2-1 two ends of each blade are inserted into respectively in the respective vanes installing hole 1-1-1 of fixed mount two columns settings, the middle part of each blade is adjusted axle 5 by hinge 8 and blade angle and is connected (see figure 5).
Embodiment 2: unrestrained apparatus structure disappears
In the present embodiment, duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and is made by metasequoia wood, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 3, its vertical view is shown in Fig. 4, this unrestrained device that disappears is end face and the bottom surface opening being surrounded by four louvre blade assemblies, side is the framework of the rectangular shape of louver blade structure, adjacent two the louvre blade assemblies that surround framework share a root post, the length L 1 of described framework is 1.5m, width W 1 is 1m, height H 1 is 1m, described louvre blade assembly comprises the fixed mount 1 being comprised of two crossbeam 1-2 and two root post 1-1, blade 2 and blade angle are adjusted axle 5, on the crossbeam of fixed mount top, be provided with the fixed block 4 of adjusting axle for blade angle is installed, on two columns of fixed mount, be provided with vertically a plurality of blades installations hole 1-1-1, it is helicitic texture that blade angle is adjusted axle 5 upper end sections, one end that blade angle adjustment axle has helicitic texture is arranged on fixed mount 1 by described fixed block 4 and nut 6, blade is multi-disc, the width of blade is 5cm, on one lateral edges of each blade, be provided with rotating shaft 2-1, the rotating shaft 2-1 two ends of each blade are inserted into respectively in the respective vanes installing hole 1-1-1 of fixed mount two columns settings, the middle part of each blade is adjusted axle 5 by hinge 8 and blade angle and is connected (see figure 5), the periphery of the framework being surrounded by louvre blade assembly is provided with coaming plate 3, the bottom of coaming plate is connected with the column 1-1 of fixed mount by support 7, the height H 2 of coaming plate 3 is 0.4m, coaming plate 3 is 60 ° of angles with described framework end face, the end face of coaming plate top and described framework is in same level, spacing d between coaming plate bottom and described framework side is 0.5m.
Embodiment 3: unrestrained apparatus structure disappears
In the present embodiment, duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and is made by acrylic resin, its structural representation is shown in Fig. 6, its vertical view is shown in Fig. 7, it is characterized in that this with holes framework nested combine of unrestrained device by the different rectangular shape of three sizes that disappear, from innermost layer to outermost layer, be followed successively by the first framework 9, the second framework 10, the 3rd framework 11, each framework with holes is the framework of end face opening, the opening upwards of each framework with holes during nested combination; The length L 2 of the first framework 9 is for 1.2m, width W 2 are for 1m, on it, the area in each hole is 5mm
2, the length L 3 of the second framework 10 is for 1.6m, width W 3 are for 1.4m, on it, the area in each hole is 20mm
2, the 3rd framework 11 length L 4 are for 2m, width W 4 are for 1.8m, on it, the area in each hole is 200mm
2, the height H 3 of the first framework 9, the second framework 10 and the 3rd framework 11 is equal, is 0.4m, and the space D 1 between the first framework 9 and the second framework 10 is 20cm, and the space D 2 between the second framework 10 and the 3rd framework 11 is 20cm.
Comparative example 1: cultivate duckweed in hydrostatic
In this comparative example, hydrostatic water body is 20% Hoagland culture fluid, in described hydrostatic water surface, place a grid that the length of side of being made by PE plastic tube is 0.2m, then the fresh duckweed seed of 5g is proceeded in the water body in described grid and cultivate (coverage rate is about 80%), condition of culture is: photoperiod 16h, dark cycle 8h, photoperiodic cultivation temperature is that 25 ℃, intensity of illumination are 130 μ mol/m
2/ s, the cultivation temperature in dark cycle is 15 ℃; Incubation time is for cultivating 15 days.After respectively in duckweed seed is proceeded to water body, within the 0th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, the 11st day, the 13rd day and the 15th day, get duckweed sample, with distilled water, clean 3 times, then on filter paper, place 5 minutes, continue after fresh duckweed is placed in the baking oven of 60 ℃ and is dried to constant weight, weigh, the Absolute growthiness that calculates duckweed, result as shown in Figure 8.Duckweed seed after in proceeding to water body the 7th day and the average absolute growth rate of the 15th day are respectively 2.66g/m
2/ d and 1.75g/m
2/ d.The maximum growth rate of duckweed occurs in 3rd～7 days, reaches 2.875g/m
2/ d.While finishing to cultivation, the dry matter content of duckweed is elevated to 13.1wt% gradually from initial 10.3wt%; At the 13rd day to the 15th day, duckweed almost stopped growing, and its dry matter content remains on 13wt% left and right.As can be seen here, cultivate duckweed in hydrostatic water body (20% Hoagland culture fluid), duckweed can maintain Fast Growth in first 10 days.
Comparative example 2: cultivate duckweed in current water
In this comparative example, the Hoagland culture fluid that cultivation water body is 20%, flow velocity 2m/s～the 4m/s of described cultivation water body, wave height is 5cm～10cm, cultivating a grid that the length of side of being made by PE plastic tube is 0.2m of water surface placement, then the fresh duckweed seed of 5g is proceeded in the water body in described grid and to cultivate (coverage rate is about 80%), condition of culture is: photoperiod 16h, dark cycle 8h, photoperiodic cultivation temperature is that 25 ℃, intensity of illumination are 130 μ mol/m
2/ s, the cultivation temperature in dark cycle is 15 ℃; Incubation time is 15 days.After respectively in duckweed seed is proceeded to water body, within the 0th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, the 11st day, the 13rd day and the 15th day, get duckweed sample, with distilled water, clean 3 times, then on filter paper, place 5 minutes, continue after fresh duckweed is placed in the baking oven of 60 ℃ and is dried to constant weight, weigh, the Absolute growthiness that calculates duckweed, result as shown in Figure 9.Duckweed is negative growth conditions in current water, 7th day and the average absolute growth rate be respectively-1.29g/m of 15th day of duckweed seed after in proceeding to water body
2/ d and-0.78g/m
2/ d.Owing to being subject to the impact of wave, the blade of most of duckweed is cracked, slowly downright bad, only have small part duckweed by wave, to be flushed on the wall of a container of splendid attire culture fluid and survival by sheer good luck, by the 7th day, duckweed on the water surface is almost all dead, and the duckweed of pasting chamber wall slightly increases, at 11st～15 days, the duckweed of pasting chamber wall stopped negatively growing and having just growth a little.
Embodiment 4: the unrestrained device that disappears described in employing embodiment 3 is cultivated duckweed in current water
Described in the present embodiment employing embodiment 3, duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and cultivates duckweed.The Hoagland culture fluid that cultivation water body is 20%, flow velocity 2m/s～the 4m/s of described cultivation water body, wave height is 5cm～10cm, duckweed described in embodiment 3 is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into cultivation water body, make its end face upwards, and end face exceeds water surface 0.2m, then the water surface in duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears is placed a grid that the length of side of being made by PE plastic tube is 0.2m, then the fresh duckweed seed of 5g is proceeded to (coverage rate is about 80%) in the water body in described grid, condition of culture is: photoperiod 16h, dark cycle 8h, photoperiodic cultivation temperature is 25 ℃, intensity of illumination is 130 μ mol/m
2/ s, the cultivation temperature in dark cycle is 15 ℃, incubation time is 15 days.After respectively in duckweed seed is proceeded to water body, within the 0th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, the 11st day, the 13rd day and the 15th day, get duckweed sample, with distilled water, clean 3 times, then on filter paper, place 5 minutes, continue after fresh duckweed is placed in the baking oven of 60 ℃ and is dried to constant weight, weigh, the Absolute growthiness that calculates duckweed, result as shown in figure 10.Duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears can pulverize and slacken wave layer by layer, and duckweed seed after in proceeding to water body the 7th day and the average absolute growth rate of the 15th day are respectively 1.58g/m
2/ d, 1.41g/m
2/ d.The maximum growth rate of duckweed occurs in 5th～9 days, reaches 2.375g/m
2/ d.At 11st～15 days, duckweed almost stopped growing, the average absolute growth rate of duckweed in 15 days and maximum dry content be respectively that in comparative example 1, hydrostatic water body is cultivated 80.57% and 88.55%.
Embodiment 5: described in employing embodiment 1, device is cultivated duckweed in current water
Described in the present embodiment employing embodiment 1, duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and cultivates duckweed.The Hoagland culture fluid that cultivation water body is 20%, flow velocity 2m/s～the 4m/s of described cultivation water body, wave height is 5cm～10cm, duckweed described in embodiment 1 is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into cultivation water body, the end face of the framework that its end face is made progress and surrounded by louvre blade assembly exceeds water surface 0.2m, the blade of adjusting device water inlet side described in embodiment 1 and water inlet water surface angle are that the blade of 80 degree, water outlet side is parallel with the water surface, and the water surface in the framework now being surrounded by louvre blade assembly keeps calmness substantially.Then the water surface in duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears is placed a grid that the length of side of being made by PE plastic tube is 0.2m, then the fresh duckweed seed of 5g is proceeded to (coverage rate is about 80%) in the water body in described grid, condition of culture is: photoperiod 16h, dark cycle 8h, photoperiodic cultivation temperature is that 25 ℃, intensity of illumination are 130 μ mol/m
2/ s, the cultivation temperature in dark cycle is 15 ℃; Incubation time is 15 days.After respectively in duckweed seed is proceeded to water body, within the 0th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, the 11st day, the 13rd day and the 15th day, get duckweed sample, with distilled water, clean 3 times, then on filter paper, place 5 minutes, continue after fresh duckweed is placed in the baking oven of 60 ℃ and is dried to constant weight, weigh, the Absolute growthiness that calculates duckweed, result as shown in figure 11.Duckweed seed after in proceeding to water body the 7th day and the average absolute growth rate of the 15th day are respectively 2.21g/m
2/ d, 1.66g/m
2/ d.The maximum growth rate of duckweed occurs in 5th～9 days, reaches 2.75g/m
2/ d.At 11st～15 days, duckweed almost stops growing, the dry matter content of duckweed remains on 13wt% left and right, the average absolute growth rate of duckweed in 15 days and maximum dry content be respectively that in comparative example 1, hydrostatic water body is cultivated 94.85% and 96.98%, the maximum growth rate of duckweed in 15 days also with comparative example 1 in hydrostatic water body suitable while cultivating.As can be seen here, significantly, duckweed can grow therein preferably in the wave effect that disappears of the unrestrained device that disappears described in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6: the unrestrained device that disappears described in employing embodiment 2 is cultivated duckweed in current water
Described in the present embodiment employing embodiment 2, duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears and cultivates duckweed.The Hoagland culture fluid that cultivation water body is 20%, flow velocity 2m/s～the 4m/s of described cultivation water body, wave height is 5cm～10cm, duckweed described in embodiment 2 is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into cultivation water body, the end face of the framework that its end face is made progress and surrounded by louvre blade assembly exceeds water surface 0.2m, the blade of adjusting device water inlet side described in embodiment 2 and water inlet water surface angle are that the blade of 80 degree, water outlet side is parallel with the water surface, and the water surface in the framework now being surrounded by louvre blade assembly keeps calmness substantially.Then the water surface in duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears is placed a grid that the length of side of being made by PE plastic tube is 0.2m, then the fresh duckweed seed of 5g is proceeded to (coverage rate is about 80%) in the water body in described grid, condition of culture is: photoperiod 16h, dark cycle 8h, photoperiodic cultivation temperature is that 25 ℃, intensity of illumination are 130 μ mol/m
2/ s, the cultivation temperature in dark cycle is 15 ℃; Incubation time is 15 days.After respectively in duckweed seed is proceeded to water body, within the 0th day, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, the 11st day, the 13rd day and the 15th day, get duckweed sample, with distilled water, clean 3 times, then on filter paper, place 5 minutes, continue after fresh duckweed is placed in the baking oven of 60 ℃ and is dried to constant weight, weigh, the Absolute growthiness that calculates duckweed, result as shown in figure 12.Duckweed seed after in proceeding to water body the 7th day and the average absolute growth rate of the 15th day are respectively 2.83g/m
2/ d, 1.875g/m
2/ d.The maximum growth rate of duckweed occurs in 3rd～7 days, reaches 3.25g/m
2/ d.The average absolute growth rate of duckweed in 15 days and maximum growth rate are all better than hydrostatic water body in comparative example 1 cultivates, and because the mobile diffusion that contributes to nutriment of cultivating water body is beneficial to duckweed, better grows.As can be seen here, significantly, duckweed can better grow therein in the wave effect that disappears of the unrestrained device that disappears described in embodiment 2.
Claims (10)
1. a duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, it is characterized in that this unrestrained device that disappears is end face and the bottom surface opening being surrounded by least three louvre blade assemblies, side is the framework of louver blade structure, described louvre blade assembly comprises the fixed mount (1) being comprised of two crossbeams (1-2) and two root posts (1-1), blade (2) and blade angle are adjusted axle (5), on the crossbeam of fixed mount top, be provided with the fixed block (4) of adjusting axle for blade angle is installed, on two columns of fixed mount, be provided with vertically a plurality of blades installations hole (1-1-1), it is helicitic texture that blade angle is adjusted axle (5) upper end section, one end that blade angle adjustment axle has helicitic texture is arranged on fixed mount (1) by described fixed block (4) and nut, blade is multi-disc, on one lateral edges of each blade, be provided with rotating shaft (2-1), the rotating shaft of each blade (2-1) two ends are inserted into respectively in the respective vanes installing hole (1-1-1) of fixed mount two columns settings, the middle part of each blade is adjusted axle (5) by hinge (8) and blade angle and is connected.
2. duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the height (H1) of the framework that surrounded by louvre blade assembly is 0.4m～2m, and the width of blade is 5cm～10cm.
3. according to duckweed described in claim 1 or 2, cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears, it is characterized in that adjacent two the louvre blade assemblies that surround framework share a root post.
4. according to duckweed described in claim 1 or 2, cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears, it is characterized in that the periphery of the framework that surrounded by louvre blade assembly is provided with coaming plate (3), the bottom of coaming plate is connected with the column (1-1) of fixed mount by support (7).
5. duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears according to claim 4, the height (H2) that it is characterized in that coaming plate (3) be at least 0.4m and≤height (H1) of the framework that surrounded by louvre blade assembly, coaming plate (3) is 45 °～70 ° angles with the framework end face being surrounded by louvre blade assembly, spacing between coaming plate top and the framework end face that surrounded by louvre blade assembly is 0m～0.2m, and the spacing (d) between coaming plate bottom and the framework side that surrounded by louvre blade assembly is 0.5m～2m.
6. duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears, and it is characterized in that this unrestrained device that disappears is by least three nested combining of framework with holes that size is different, and each framework with holes is the framework of end face opening, the opening upwards of each framework with holes during nested combination.
7. duckweed is cultivated the unrestrained device that disappears according to claim 5, it is characterized in that the area in the hole that arranges in innermost layer framework with holes is 2mm
2～5mm
2, the area in the hole arranging in outermost layer framework with holes is 200mm
2～500mm
2, from innermost layer framework with holes to outermost layer framework with holes, the area in set hole increases successively.
8. according to duckweed described in claim 6 or 7, cultivate the unrestrained device that disappears, the height (H3) that it is characterized in that each framework with holes equates, be 0.4m～2m, it is 10cm～50cm that the length of each framework with holes and width should meet the spacing between each framework with holes after nested combination.
9. the duckweed application of unrestrained culture apparatus in duckweed is cultivated that disappear described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to 8.
10. application according to claim 9, is characterized in that operation is as follows:
When in right to use requirement 1 to 5, described in arbitrary claim, duckweed disappears unrestrained culture apparatus, this duckweed is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into current water, make its end face upwards, and the end face of the framework being surrounded by louvre blade assembly exceeds water surface 0.2m～1m, then regulate this duckweed to cultivate to disappear the angle of unrestrained device water inlet side and water outlet side blade and the water surface, making into the blade of water side and the angle of the water surface is 60 °～90 °, the blade of water outlet side is parallel with the water surface, continue after plastic grill is put into the duckweed unrestrained culture apparatus that disappears, the water body of duckweed being put into plastic grill is again cultivated,
When in right to use requirement 6 to 8, described in arbitrary claim, duckweed disappears unrestrained culture apparatus, duckweed is cultivated to the unrestrained device that disappears and put into current water, make its end face upwards and end face exceed water surface 0.2m～1m, then plastic grill is put into the duckweed unrestrained culture apparatus that disappears, then the water body that duckweed is put into plastic grill is cultivated;
The flow velocity of described current water is the high 5cm～10cm of being of 2m/s～4m/s, wave.
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