CN103630761A - Multi-probe spherical near field channel calibration device and method - Google Patents
Multi-probe spherical near field channel calibration device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-probe spherical near field channel calibration device and method. The device comprises a tool, a rotary shaft, a telescopic arm, an orienting antenna, a laser range finder, a first rotary table control system and a second rotary table control system; the tool is arranged on a rotary table and is provided with the rotary shaft; the telescopic arm is arranged on the rotary shaft and is provided with the orienting antenna; the orienting antenna is provided with the laser ranger finder; the first rotary control system is arranged to be connected with the tool and is used for controlling the tool to move left and right or up and down; the second rotary table control system is connected with the rotary table and is used for controlling the rotary table. By adopting the scheme, the orienting horn antenna is adopted as the calibration antenna to precisely calibrate the multi-probe spherical near field measuring data of the antenna, and the influence to the antenna performance caused by a backward ground when an omnidirectional antenna is used is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sphere near field calibrate technical field, in particular a kind of many probes sphere near field calibrate device and method.
Background technology
Antenna measurement is to be accompanied by the design of antenna to occur, refers to the important means of lead antenna design and compliance test antenna performance.In antenna measurement field, sphere near-field test is an important means of antenna measurement, its principle is: leaving in the distance of the several λ of antenna to be measured, with a known probe of electrical characteristics, on the curved surface of antenna to be measured near region, scan amplitude and the phase data of sampling electromagnetic field, through strict mathematic(al) manipulation, calculate again the electrical characteristics in the far field of tested antenna, for sphere, the final scanning plane of probe is sphere.
For Spherical Test, in order to obtain comprehensive aerial information to be measured, counting that requirement samples on sphere is a lot, the method that tradition adopts the mode of single probe cooperative mechanical motion to measure sampling exists test speed slow, the whole sphere of the complete scan shortcomings such as length, efficiency are low that expend time in.
In order to reduce the test duration, improve testing efficiency, more people utilize the thinking of development of phased-array radar to develop with the electricity of popping one's head in and sweep the many probes sphere near-field test system that replaces traditional mechanical scanning, and its technology frame chart is as shown in Figure 1.Its principle is: on the arc-shaped rail 20 around antenna to be measured, according to sampling thheorem, require interval at a certain angle to arrange some measuring sondes 21, measuring sonde is connected on the switch matrix 22 being comprised of electronic switch by cable; Antenna 23 to be measured be fixed on turntable 24 and the phase center that guarantees antenna on the center of circle; The signal amplitude that antenna 23 to be measured produces vector network analyzer 25 is shot out, and system control switch matrix 22 switches between each receiving transducer, and by vector network analyzer 25, collects the reception data of each passage; 24 rotations of system control antenna turntable, and in each anglec of rotation, gather the collection that each receiving transducer 21 data can complete sphere data, then can complete test through subsequent treatment.According to above-mentioned test philosophy, can see, for many probes sphere near-field test, owing to having adopted the mode of electronic switch scan control to replace the mode of traditional mechanical scanning, therefore can significantly improve measuring speed on arc surface.
For many probe systems, many probes have just formed hyperchannel, due to from probe through cable until the output port of switch matrix, between each passage, at aspects such as probe, cable, switch passages, all exist consistance difference, these interchannel physical difference, formed different amplitude, the phase propetrys of each passage, the impact of the channel difference that just superposeed in the Near-field Data that makes to collect.And concerning sphere near-field measurement technique, accurate antenna near-field amplitude and phase data just can reconstruct far-field information accurately, therefore for many probes sphere near-field test system, the amplitude of passage and phase error are carried out to accurate calibration, eliminating the impact of each passage, is realize accurately test crucial and basic.
For many probes test channel is calibrated, eliminate the factor of passage, conventional calibration steps is to adopt omnidirectional antenna to calibrate, its principle is to utilize an omnidirectional antenna to replace the antenna to be measured in Fig. 1 system, and its phase center is placed in to the center of circle of circular arc, due to omnidirectional antenna each to amplitude all consistent with phase place, utilize in the case vector network analyzer to gather respectively amplitude and the phase data of each probe receiving cable, and to take wherein arbitrary channel data be benchmark, just can obtain the error information of other passage, this error information has characterized the amplitude-phase consistency characteristic of each passage.Utilize this error information, system just can be revised for the raw data of tested antenna, completes calibration operation.
Utilize the calibration of omnidirectional antenna, due to omnidirectional antenna isotropy all, be well suited for this multichannel sphere near field system calibrate, conventionally using half-wave a period of time as boresight antenna, when the placement of boresight antenna overlaps the maximal value face of directional diagram and the face of the scanning support of system, can be with popping one's head in to its single pass more, Acquisition channel data, the fast convenience of this method.But omnidirectional antenna has a very strong backward radiation, when antenna is placed on turntable, close together overhead, when ground not being dealt with, or absorbing material performance is when bad, the reflection meeting on ground has a strong impact on the performance of omnidirectional antenna, be no longer each to the amplitude characteristic consistent with phase place, therefore with it, cannot calibrate.In addition, to omnidirectional antenna each to consistance also have very high requirement.
Therefore, there is defect in prior art, needs to improve.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of many probes sphere near field calibrate device and method is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Many probes sphere near field channel calibration method, wherein, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: it is emitting antenna that electromagnetic horn is set, and some measuring sondes are receiving antenna, and the θ face that described electromagnetic horn E face or H face are positioned at spherical coordinates is set;
Step 2: the fixture that is fixed with laser range finder is fixedly placed in to electromagnetic horn actinal surface, by the second rotating platform control system, control turntable, make the E face of electromagnetic horn or H face in scanning plane, and regulating telescopic arm to point to a measuring sonde, the light beam that the laser range finder on electromagnetic horn is set can point to the center of a measuring sonde;
Step 3: the position of adjusting tool, makes on telescopic arm rotation axis in the position in the center of circle of the arch scanning support of semicircle;
Step 4: control turntable so that electromagnetic horn rotates in scanning plane by the first control system, control telescopic arm and turn to measuring sonde in the angle position of the arch scanning support of semicircle, make electromagnetic horn radially aim at probe antenna;
Step 5: circulation step 4, one by one electromagnetic horn is aimed at one by one with measuring sonde, and gathered the data C (θ of each passage
n), finally obtain C (θ);
Step 6: the distance of conversion electromagnetic horn and measuring sonde, Resurvey data are verified;
Step 7: the hemispherical data of measuring tested antenna
with corresponding channel data, calibrate.
Described many probes sphere near field channel calibration method, wherein, the concrete steps of described step 3 are: what establish that the line at measuring sonde center forms is with x
2+ y
2=r
2, the semicircle that y>=0 is equation, wherein now the position of rotation axis in scanning plane is (x
0, y
0); By the first turntable, control x
0, y
0rotation with r and system control telescopic arm, makes electromagnetic horn point to 3 measuring sondes, is measured respectively the distance L of loudspeaker actinal surface and 3 measuring sondes by laser range finder
1, L
2, L
3, formula two:
Wherein, L is the distance that electromagnetic horn actinal surface arrives rotating shaft, by equation, can obtain (x
0, y
0), and calculated the deviation in the center of circle (0,0) of the arch scanning support of electromagnetic horn and semicircle, by the first control system, control turntable until the distance L of 3 measuring sondes of distance of measuring again
1, L
2, L
3equate, now rotating shaft is placed in the home position with the arch scanning support of semicircle, takes off laser range finder.
Described many probes sphere near field channel calibration method, wherein, the concrete steps of described step 4 are: first select to aim at measuring sonde; The switch of being opened the passage that measuring sonde is corresponding by computer operated switch matrix makes its conducting, with vector network analyzer, receives the data that described passage receives, i.e. corresponding θ
1data C (the θ at angle
1), then close described passage.
Described many probes sphere near field channel calibration method, wherein, in described step 6, the described step of verifying is: the length that is radially regulated telescopic arm by the second control system, the distance that makes electromagnetic horn and each probe is R', by circulation step 4 and step 5, gather again the data C'(θ of each measuring sonde passage), relatively C (θ) and C'(θ) amplitude and the phase place of data, if amplitude difference is less, and between the phase place of the θ that each is corresponding, have a fixing phase differential, the method is effective.
Described many probes sphere near field channel calibration method, wherein, in described step 7, the step of described calibration is: the hemispherical data of the tested antenna of measuring are designated as
the data of the channel characteristic of measuring sonde passage are designated as to C (θ), with corresponding channel data, calibrate, formula one:
Described many probes sphere near field calibrate device, comprise the arch scanning support of turntable, semicircle, some measuring sondes, switch matrix, vector network analyzer and computer acquisition control system, wherein, also comprise frock, rotating shaft, telescopic arm, directional antenna, laser range finder and the first rotating platform control system, the second rotating platform control system; Described frock is arranged on described turntable, described rotating shaft is arranged in described frock, and described telescopic arm is arranged in described rotating shaft, and described directional antenna is arranged on described telescopic arm, on described directional antenna, is provided with laser range finder; Described the first rotating platform control system setting is connected with described frock, for controlling described frock, moves left and right or moves up and down; Described the second rotating platform control system setting is connected to control described turntable with described turntable.
Described many probes sphere near field calibrate device, wherein, described directional antenna is that electromagnetic horn setting are same distance with described some measuring sondes; Described laser range finder is fixed on the actinal surface of described directional antenna by a removable fixture.
Adopt such scheme, adopt directed loudspeaker to carry out accurate calibration, the impact on antenna performance earthward after having avoided to the antenna sphere near field measurement data of popping one's head in more.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is many probe antennas sphere near-field measurement system schematic diagram in prior art.
Fig. 2 is the present invention's sphere near field calibrate device schematic diagram of popping one's head in more.
Fig. 3 is the present invention's sphere near field channel calibration method process flow diagram of popping one's head in more.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The invention discloses a kind of many probes sphere near field calibrate device and method.Its principle is exactly, and selects backward radiation little, and being subject to ground to affect little directional antenna is boresight antenna, has specifically selected electromagnetic horn here.Many probe sphere near-field measurement system as shown in Figure 2 in, in all probe antenna same distance, boresight antenna is all radially aimed at probe antenna with greatest irradiation direction successively, and vector network analyzer is also recorded the data of the channel receiving signal of the probe being aligned by boresight antenna transmitting successively.Because each electromagnetic horn all irradiates with maximum direction, just eliminated the difference of calibration day directional diagram, in same distance, the different difference of path distance has been eliminated in transmitting-receiving, so the data under gathering have just only had the characteristic of passage.The data C (θ) of Here it is our channel characteristic that will obtain.Again by the hemispherical data of the tested antenna of this systematic survey
with corresponding channel data, calibrate formula one:
In order to verify the validity of the method, can also change boresight antenna to the distance of probe, measure again, the data of twice measurement are all different except the distance that electromagnetic wave is propagated in space, and other conditions are all with previously identical, so channel data now and former ratio, amplitude is indifference almost, phase differential to twice of each interchannel is all identical value, and if so, the method is effective.
In Fig. 2 system after being furnished with calibrating installation, boresight antenna 4, as emitting antenna, is provided and is transmitted by the emission port of vowing net.Boresight antenna 4 is fixed on turntable 8 by telescopic arm 3, rotation axis 6, frock 7.Rotating platform control system 11 can be controlled frock 7 and along a direction, move left and right, along b direction, moves up and down in scanning plane, and telescopic arm 3 can arrive at c direction telescopic adjustment antenna radially the distance of probe.At the center of boresight antenna actinal surface, there is in addition the fixing laser range finder 5 of a removable fixture, for aiming at of boresight antenna and probe.The existing mark in each center of popping one's head in of probe antenna 2(is distributing on the arch scanning support 1 of semicircle), the reception signal of each probe is received by vector network analyzer 10 through the matrix switch 9 of being controlled by computing machine 13.Can obtain the data of each passage.
Utilize the concrete scheme of this device calibration as follows, as shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 3:
Step 101: the system, start work of connecting is installed by Fig. 2.Electromagnetic horn 4 is emitting antenna, pops one's head in as receiving antenna, and electromagnetic horn E(or H face) face is in the θ of spherical coordinates face.
Step 102: the E(or the H that regulate boresight antenna) face can be in scanning plane.The fixture that is fixed with laser range finder is fixedly placed in to electromagnetic horn actinal surface, by rotating platform control system 12 rotating tables 8, making E(or the H of antenna) face is in scanning plane, regulate telescopic arm 3 to point to a probe, see whether the light beam of the laser range finder on electromagnetic horn can point to the center of a probe respectively.The light velocity of the laser range finder on electromagnetic horn otherwise be rotated further turntable 8, regulates, until can point to the center of this probe.Now just having guaranteed E(or the H of antenna) face is in scanning plane.The position of adjusting tool 7, makes telescopic arm 3 rotation axiss 6 in the position in the center of circle.If what the line of center probe formed is with x
2+ y
2=r
2, the semicircle that y>=0 is equation, now the position of rotation axis 6 in scanning plane is (x
0, y
0).By rotating platform control system 11, controlled the rotation of telescopic arms, allow 3 probes of antenna direction, for accurate sensing need to regulate telescopic arm to rotate until the laser beam of stadimeter points to the center of probe, by laser range finder, measure distance L respectively
1, L
2, L
3.Can set up system of equations so, formula two:
Wherein L is the distance that Antenna aperture arrives rotating shaft 6.By equation, can obtain (x
0, y
0), known the deviation of itself and the center of circle (0,0), by rotating platform control system 11, adjust 8 and along a, b direction, move respectively, until the L measuring again
1, L
2, L
3equate, just make rotating shaft 6 be placed in home position, take off laser range finder.
Step 103: acquisition channel data.By rotating platform control system 11 control antennas, in scanning plane, rotated, control telescopic arm and turn to the angle position of probe on circle, just can guarantee radially to aim at probe antenna.First select to aim at probe 1..The switch of being opened the corresponding passage of 1. popping one's head in by computing machine 13 gauge tap matrixes makes its conducting, with vector network analyzer, receives the data that 1. passage receives, i.e. corresponding θ
1data C (the θ at angle
1), then close 1. passage.According to above-mentioned 4) step, one by one by boresight antenna and remaining alignment probe, gather the data C (θ of each passage
n), finally obtain C (θ).
Step 104: conversion boresight antenna and probe distance, Resurvey data verification.By rotating platform control system radially b regulate little distance of length variations of telescopic arm 3, making the distance of boresight antenna and each probe is R', then uses 4), 5) step gather the data C'(θ of each passage).
Step 105: compare C (θ) and C'(θ) amplitude and the phase place of data, if amplitude difference is less, have a fixing phase differential between the phase place of the θ that each is corresponding, can verify that the method is accurately effective.
Step 106 and step 107: the hemispherical data of measuring tested antenna
with corresponding channel data, calibrate.
Adopt said apparatus and method, directional antenna backward do not have very strong radiation, avoids the reflection on ground to cause large impact to directional diagram.Accurate frock guarantees that the rotation center of antenna is in the center of circle of scanning support, allows from boresight antenna phase center, to arrive the path distance of each passage consistent; Accurate sensing guarantees that antenna is all that maximum beam position (same direction) is aimed at probe at every turn, avoids the impact of boresight antenna on calibration process itself.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the sphere near field of probe a more than channel calibration method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: it is emitting antenna that electromagnetic horn is set, and some measuring sondes are receiving antenna, and the θ face that described electromagnetic horn E face or H face are positioned at spherical coordinates is set;
Step 2: the fixture that is fixed with laser range finder is fixedly placed in to electromagnetic horn actinal surface, by the second rotating platform control system, control turntable, make the E face of electromagnetic horn or H face in scanning plane, and regulating telescopic arm to point to a measuring sonde, the light beam that the laser range finder on electromagnetic horn is set can point to the center of a measuring sonde;
Step 3: the position of adjusting tool, makes on telescopic arm rotation axis in the position in the center of circle of the arch scanning support of semicircle;
Step 4: control turntable so that electromagnetic horn rotates in scanning plane by the first control system, control telescopic arm and turn to measuring sonde in the angle position of the arch scanning support of semicircle, make electromagnetic horn radially aim at probe antenna;
Step 5: circulation step 4, one by one electromagnetic horn is aimed at one by one with measuring sonde, and gathered the data C (θ of each passage
n), finally obtain C (θ);
Step 6: the distance of conversion electromagnetic horn and measuring sonde, Resurvey data are verified;
Step 7: the hemispherical data of measuring tested antenna
with corresponding channel data, calibrate.
2. many probes as claimed in claim 1 sphere near field channel calibration method, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described step 3 are: what establish that the line at measuring sonde center forms is with x
2+ y
2=r
2, the semicircle that y>=0 is equation, wherein now the position of rotation axis in scanning plane is (x
0, y
0); By the first turntable, control x
0, y
0rotation with r and control telescopic arm, makes electromagnetic horn point to 3 measuring sondes, is measured respectively the distance L of loudspeaker actinal surface and 3 measuring sondes by laser range finder
1, L
2, L
3, formula two:
Wherein, L is the distance that electromagnetic horn actinal surface arrives rotating shaft, by equation, can obtain (x
0, y
0), and calculated the deviation in the center of circle (0,0) of the arch scanning support of electromagnetic horn and semicircle, by the first control system, control turntable until the distance L of 3 measuring sondes of distance of measuring again
1, L
2, L
3equate, now rotating shaft is placed in the home position with the arch scanning support of semicircle, takes off laser range finder.
3. many probes as claimed in claim 2 sphere near field channel calibration method, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of described step 4 are: first select to aim at measuring sonde; The switch of being opened the passage that measuring sonde is corresponding by computer operated switch matrix makes its conducting, with vector network analyzer, receives the data that described passage receives, i.e. corresponding θ
1data C (the θ at angle
1), then close described passage.
4. many probes as claimed in claim 3 sphere near field channel calibration method, it is characterized in that, in described step 6, the described step of verifying is: the length that is radially regulated telescopic arm by the second control system, the distance that makes electromagnetic horn and each probe is R', by circulation step 4 and step 5, gather again the data C'(θ of each measuring sonde passage), relatively C (θ) and C'(θ) amplitude and the phase place of data, if amplitude difference is less, and between the phase place of the θ that each is corresponding, have a fixing phase differential, the method is effective.
5. many probes as claimed in claim 4 sphere near field channel calibration method, is characterized in that, in described step 7, the step of described calibration is: the hemispherical data of the tested antenna of measuring are designated as
the data of the channel characteristic of measuring sonde passage are designated as to C (θ), with corresponding channel data, calibrate, formula one:
6. the many probes sphere near field calibrate device as described in as arbitrary in claim 1-3, comprise the arch scanning support of turntable, semicircle, some measuring sondes, switch matrix, vector network analyzer and computer acquisition control system, it is characterized in that, also comprise frock, rotating shaft, telescopic arm, directional antenna, laser range finder and the first rotating platform control system, the second rotating platform control system; Described frock is arranged on described turntable, described rotating shaft is arranged in described frock, and described telescopic arm is arranged in described rotating shaft, and described directional antenna is arranged on described telescopic arm, on described directional antenna, is provided with laser range finder; Described the first rotating platform control system setting is connected with described frock, for controlling described frock, moves left and right or moves up and down; Described the second rotating platform control system setting is connected to control described turntable with described turntable.
7. many probes as claimed in claim 6 sphere near field calibrate device, is characterized in that, described directional antenna is that electromagnetic horn setting are same distance with described some measuring sondes; Described laser range finder is fixed on the actinal surface of described directional antenna by a removable fixture.
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