CN103630271A - Diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter - Google Patents
Diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103630271A CN103630271A CN201210310074.6A CN201210310074A CN103630271A CN 103630271 A CN103630271 A CN 103630271A CN 201210310074 A CN201210310074 A CN 201210310074A CN 103630271 A CN103630271 A CN 103630271A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter. The diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter comprises a base pipe section, measuring sections, a gradually-shrank section, a gradually-expanded section and a minimum pipe diameter section; a base pipe inlet, a first measuring section, the gradually-shrank section, the minimum pipe diameter section, the gradually-expanded section, a second measuring section and a base pipe outlet are sequentially arranged on the ultrasonic heat meter from the left to the right; the cross section of the gradually-shrank section and the gradually-expanded section is in the shape of a trapezoid; a 45-degree angle is formed between the waist of the trapezoid and a horizontal plane of a base pipe channel; the gradually-shrank section and the gradually-expanded section are in bilateral symmetry and are respectively connected with the minimum pipe diameter section; and the ratio of the length of the gradually-shrank section to the radius of the minimum pipe diameter section is in a range of 0.8 to 1. With the diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter of the invention adopted, the diameter of the minimum pipe diameter section can be effectively reduced; turbulent flows can be increased; flow characteristics of a flow field can be improved; and measurement precision can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic calorimeter, particularly relate to a kind of ultrasonic calorimeter with diameter reduced structure.
Background technology
At present, ultrasonic calorimeter in market is mostly straight tube section structure, and mozzle and mirror assembly are installed in pipeline section centre position, and this structure has generally occurred that crushing is larger, easily produce the problem of eddy flow and bubble, greatly reduce the measuring accuracy of ultrasonic calorimeter.
In addition, the reflection mode of the ultrasonic calorimeter using in prior art mainly adopts V-type reflection and the reflection of W type, these two kinds of reflection modes all will be carried out the pipeline wall reflection of one or many, thereby are not very desirable because the impact of the factors such as the material of pipeline wall and surfaceness has caused the directivity of ultrasound wave ray in base tube pipeline and intensity.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, provide that a kind of measuring accuracy is high, the ultrasonic calorimeter of low cost of manufacture and diameter reduced structure easy for installation.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme adopting to be:
A diameter reduced structure ultrasonic calorimeter, comprises base tube section, measuring section, converging transition, divergent segment and minimum pipe section; Ultrasonic calorimeter is followed successively by base tube entrance from left to right, the first measuring section, converging transition, minimum pipe section, divergent segment, the second measuring section and base tube outlet; Wherein base tube section is base tube entrance and base tube outlet, and measuring section comprises the first measuring section that the first transducer, the first reflecting body are installed and the second measuring section that the second transducer, the second reflecting body are installed, and at the second measuring section, is also provided with temperature sensor mounting hole; First, second transducer is bolted the place, upper step hole at first, second measuring section, and two transducer tops are fixed by a gland; The first reflecting body and the second reflecting body are oppositely arranged, and it includes reflecting surface, reflection matrix and mounting blocks, and each reflecting body is all corresponding up and down with the central axis of corresponding transducer, and the surface level of the reflecting surface of reflecting body and base tube passage is miter angle; The xsect of converging transition and divergent segment is trapezoidal shape, wherein the surface level of trapezoidal waist and base tube passage is miter angle, converging transition and divergent segment are symmetrical structure, and connect respectively minimum pipe section, and the ratio between the length of converging transition and the radius of minimum pipe section is 0.8～1.
Further, the diameter Relationship between described base tube entrance and the first measuring section is convergent.
Further, the ratio between the length of described converging transition and the radius of minimum pipe section is 0.9.
Further, described reflection matrix is substantially cylindrical, and it is conical that described mounting blocks is, and on the circular cone of mounting blocks, screw thread is set, and by screw thread, is fixed in the pipeline section of corresponding measuring section.
Further, described base tube section diameter is 25mm, and described measuring section diameter is 23mm, and the diameter of the cylindrical base of described reflecting body is 10mm, and the diameter of described minimum pipe section is 12mm, and the length of described minimum pipe section is 40mm.
Compared with prior art of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
(1) the U-shaped reflection mode that the present invention adopts only needs a pair of stainless steel reflector plate, and does not need base tube inside surface to carry out deep processing, saves production technology time and cost, and does not allow to be subject to the impact of impurities at bottom, and measuring accuracy is greatly improved;
(2) structure of special diameter reduced has effectively reduced the diameter of minimum pipe section, and it can have the turbulent flow of increasing, and improves flow field flow characteristics, improves the effect of measuring accuracy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cut-open view of diameter reduced structure ultrasonic calorimeter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be after area of passage size changes under each operating mode k-factor with the change curve of flow point.
Fig. 3 be after reflecting body size changes under each operating mode k-factor with the change curve of flow point.
Fig. 4 be after reflection paths length changes under each operating mode k-factor with the change curve of flow point.
In figure, each component names is as follows:
1-base tube entrance, 2-the first transducer, 3-bolt, 4-gland, 5-the second transducer, 6-O-ring seal, the outlet of 7-base tube, 8-temperature sensor mounting hole, 9-the second measuring section, 10-the second reflecting body, 11-divergent segment, 12-minimum pipe section, 13-converging transition, 14-the first reflecting body, 15-the first measuring section
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
First with reference to Fig. 1, diameter reduced structure ultrasonic calorimeter of the present invention comprises base tube section, measuring section, converging transition, divergent segment and minimum pipe section.Ultrasonic calorimeter pipeline is followed successively by base tube entrance 1, the first measuring section 15 from left to right, converging transition 13, minimum pipe section 12, divergent segment 11, the second measuring sections 9 and base tube outlet 7.Wherein base tube section is base tube entrance 1 and base tube outlet 7, measuring section comprises the first measuring section 15 that the first transducer 2, the first reflecting body 14 are installed and the second measuring section 9 that the second transducer 5, the second reflecting body 10 are installed, and wherein at the second measuring section 9, is also provided with temperature sensor mounting hole 8.The upper step hole that the first transducer 2 is fixed on the first measuring section 15 by bolt 3 is located, corresponding, and the second transducer is bolted the place, upper step hole at the second measuring section 9 equally, and two transducer tops are fixed by a gland 4.Reflecting body is two, be respectively the first reflecting body 14 and the second reflecting body 10 that are oppositely arranged, wherein each reflecting body includes reflecting surface, reflection matrix and mounting blocks, wherein reflect matrix substantially cylindrical, it is conical that mounting blocks is, screw thread is set above, and by screw thread, is fixed in the pipeline section of corresponding measuring section.Each reflecting body is all corresponding up and down with the central axis of corresponding transducer, and the surface level of the reflecting surface of reflecting body and base tube passage is miter angle.
The xsect of converging transition 13 and divergent segment 11 is trapezoidal shape, and wherein the surface level of trapezoidal waist and base tube passage is also miter angle, and converging transition 13 is symmetrical structure with divergent segment 11, and connects respectively minimum pipe section 12.And in order further to play the effect that increases mobile turbulence level, the diameter Relationship between base tube entrance and the first measuring section is also convergent, symmetrical, the second measuring section and base tube outlet are the relations of flaring.Base tube section in Fig. 1 is that diameter is the standard DN25 pipe of 25mm, can be connected with existing most of heat supply pipeline section.
The course of work of diameter reduced structure ultrasonic calorimeter of the present invention is as follows: the first transducer that is arranged on the first measuring section sends signal and reflects through the first reflecting body, through converging transition, minimum pipe section, divergent segment, arrive the second reflecting body of the second measuring section, secondary reflection through the second reflecting body, pass the signal along to the second transducer, by a kind of like this mode of U-shaped reflection, realize the collection of signal, pass through the variation of the temperature sensor measurement temperature difference of pairing simultaneously, measure equation through time difference method, calculates corresponding flow and heat.The flow of measuring and the concrete outcome of heat can be accomplished by integrated calculation element.
Wherein above-mentioned reflector plate adopts stainless steel to make for receiving and reflection ultrasonic signal, U-shaped reflection only needs a pair of stainless steel reflector plate, and do not need base tube inside surface to carry out deep processing, save production technology time and cost, and do not allow to be subject to the impact of impurities at bottom, measuring accuracy is greatly improved.In order further to improve measuring accuracy, temperature sensor of the present invention adopts Pt1000 high-precision platinum resistor.
What at Fig. 1, describe is only general structure of the present invention, and wherein base tube entrance, outlet size are 25mm, and first, second measuring section diameter is 23mm, and minimum pipe section diameter is 14mm, and length is 28mm, and reflecting body diameter is 14mm.
Improvement for the performance of ultrasonic calorimeter of the present invention need to be made corresponding adjustment to the concrete dimensional parameters of structure, and design of the present invention is a kind of time difference type ultrasonic calorimeter, what by measuring principle, can know that it measures is the mean flow rate of fluid on ultrasonic wave propagation path, but not mean flow rate on the needed cross-section of pipeline of measuring flow, thereby to introduce k-factor correction when calculated flow rate.K-factor definition is: K=v/ μ
In formula, v is the fluid mean flow rate on ultrasonic wave propagation path, and μ refers to the fluid mean flow rate on cross-section of pipeline, and k-factor is the ratio of the two speed.By Hydrodynamics Theory, known, viscous fluid is when Flow In A Circular Tube, and during laminar flow, in (Re < 2000) pipe, velocity distribution is parabola rule, and the speed on pipe central axis is maximum; In when turbulent flow (Re > 2000) pipe, velocity distribution is tending towards evenly, and velocity gradient is less, and the speed on pipe center line is little during compared with laminar flow, more levels off to face average velocity in the situation that caliber is constant.By analysis above, known, when during laminar flow, k-factor value is greater than turbulent flow, and velocity distribution reaches unanimity during due to turbulent flow, and k-factor, along with the increase of flow value should change not quite, is tending towards straight line.Therefore, using in the present invention instrument coefficient K as the standard of passing judgment on base tube structure quality.
Fig. 2 be after area of passage size changes under each operating mode k-factor with the change curve of flow point, what wherein the diameter minimum pipe by change minimum pipe section realized during the change of area of passage, in Fig. 2, horizontal ordinate is flow point, ordinate is k-factor value.As can be seen from Figure 2, when minimum pipe is 14mm, k-factor is along with the variation of flow point progressively reduces, and from flow point, being 0.25,0.94 to become flow point be 2.5 0.87, and decrease is 0.07, and rate of change is greater than 7%; And minimum pipe is while becoming 13mm, the same flow point variable quantity of k-factor is 0.045, and rate of change, close to 5%, has reduced more than 2% during with respect to 14mm caliber; And when caliber is further changed to 12mm, the same flow point variable quantity of k-factor is 0.04, rate of change further reduces.This explanation is along with minimum pipe reduces, and base tube mechanism is tending towards rationally, and instrument function is become better and better.This is that after reducing because of caliber, tube fluid speed increases, and Re increases, and turbulent flow strengthens, and fluid velocity distribution in pipe is tending towards evenly, and, in the situation that face average velocity is identical, k-factor also simultaneously can be gradually consistent.Based on above analysis, reduce minimum pipe value and can effectively improve flow field flow characteristics, but when minimum pipe further reduces, while containing certain impurity in flow media, can affect fluid and flow, and then affecting accuracy of measurement, the 12mm that therefore compares is optimum caliber selected value.
Reflecting body plays the effect of a flow-disturbing in process fluid flow, next analyzes the impact of reflecting body size on calorimeter performance.Former base tube reflecting body diameter is 14mm, does not now change other dimensional parameters of base tube, and base tube minimum pipe is defined as to optimum 12mm, and the length of minimum pipe is 28mm, and reflecting body diameter is become respectively to 10mm and 9mm, tests.
After reflecting body size changes, under each operating mode, k-factor is with the change curve of flow point as shown in Figure 3.
In Fig. 3, horizontal ordinate is flow point, and ordinate is k-factor value.As can be seen from Figure 3, when reflecting body diameter is 14mm, k-factor is along with the variation of flow point progressively reduces, and from flow point, being 0.25,0.97 to become flow point be 2.5 0.93, and decrease is 0.04, and rate of change is close to 5%; When reflecting body diameter becomes 10mm, the same flow point variable quantity of k-factor is 0.03, and rate of change is less than 4%; And reflecting body diameter is while being 10mm and during 9mm, it is similar that the change curve of k-factor is close to, and variable quantity is substantially equal.This is because be exactly a flow-disturbing original paper at fluid line internal reflection body itself, when reflecting body diameter reduces, its fluoran stream surface is long-pending to be reduced, and the flow-disturbing effect of stream field also reduces relatively, after fluid winding flow reflecting body, flow in reflection channel so more steadily, reflection channel flow field is more stable.But simultaneously because reflecting body diameter reduces, the fluid velocity that flows into reflection pipeline through reflecting body reduces, and the turbulence level of fluid after reflecting body decreases, and this also can play passive effect to the flow field in reflection channel to a certain extent.The impact of comprehensive two aspects, when reflecting body diameter becomes 10mm from 14mm, flow field characteristic makes moderate progress, and when reflecting body diameter is when 10mm becomes 9mm, flow field characteristic substantially no longer changes.In addition, because the effect of reflecting body is to accept ultrasound wave that transmitting transducer sends reflection to accepting transducer, therefore, when reflecting body diameter is less than normal, may affect because receptor area is less than normal the reception of signal.The consideration of comprehensive several respects, the scheme after optimization can adopt the reflecting body diameter of 10mm.
Reflection paths length is minimum pipe length, not only can affect rate of flow of fluid and change, and also can affect fluid flow characteristics because of flow development length.Former base tube minimum pipe director 28mm, is now changed into 40mm, further analyzes the impact on calorimeter performance after length changes.The design parameter of calorimeter base tube is: the matrix diameter of reflecting body is optimum 10mm, and minimum pipe is optimum 12mm, and base tube minimum pipe length is respectively 28mm and 40mm.After reflection paths length changes, under each operating mode, k-factor is with the change curve of flow point as shown in Figure 4.
In Fig. 4, horizontal ordinate is flow point, and ordinate is k-factor value.As can be seen from Figure 4, when minimum pipe length is 28mm, k-factor is along with the variation of flow point progressively reduces, and from flow point, being 0.25,0.84 to become flow point be 2.5 0.82, and decrease is 0.03, and rate of change is close to 4%; And when minimum pipe length becomes 40mm, although k-factor at same flow point variable quantity also close to 0.03, but after flow point 0.75, k-factor there is no variation, close to a straight line that is parallel to X-axis, that is to say, k-factor change curve is now close to change curve ideally.This is because of the increase of minimum pipe length on the one hand, has extended the region of large Re, means that almost the interior Re of whole reflection channel increases greatly, and fluid turbulence degree all significantly strengthens, and the distribution of fluid in whole reflection channel is all tending towards even.On the other hand, the increase of minimum pipe length, virtually extended the rear flow development length of front-reflection body and the front flow development length of back reflector, before and after so just reducing to a certain extent, the impact of reflecting body flow-disturbing effect on reflection channel flow field, further strengthens Flow Field Performance.Comprehensive above analysis, extends minimum pipe length and can effectively improve reflection channel flow field characteristic, but due to the restriction of duct length, further increases minimum pipe length unrealistic, and 40mm can be used as the minimum pipe length of prioritization scheme and selects.
Therefore, in conjunction with the above improvement to structure, through simple how much calculating, the ratio between the length of converging transition of the present invention and the radius of minimum pipe section is 0.8～1, and preferred ratio is 0.9.
Although above-mentioned, by reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but be not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various modifications that creative work can make or distortion still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a diameter reduced structure ultrasonic calorimeter, comprises base tube section, measuring section, converging transition, divergent segment and minimum pipe section; Ultrasonic calorimeter is followed successively by base tube entrance from left to right, the first measuring section, converging transition, minimum pipe section, divergent segment, the second measuring section and base tube outlet; Wherein base tube section is base tube entrance and base tube outlet, and measuring section comprises the first measuring section that the first transducer, the first reflecting body are installed and the second measuring section that the second transducer, the second reflecting body are installed, and at the second measuring section, is also provided with temperature sensor mounting hole; First, second transducer is bolted the place, upper step hole at first, second measuring section, and two transducer tops are fixed by a gland; The first reflecting body and the second reflecting body are oppositely arranged, and it includes reflecting surface, reflection matrix and mounting blocks, and each reflecting body is all corresponding up and down with the central axis of corresponding transducer, and the surface level of the reflecting surface of reflecting body and base tube passage is miter angle;
It is characterized in that, the xsect of converging transition and divergent segment is trapezoidal shape, wherein the surface level of trapezoidal waist and base tube passage is miter angle, converging transition and divergent segment are symmetrical structure, and connecting respectively minimum pipe section, the ratio between the length of converging transition and the radius of minimum pipe section is 0.8～1.
2. ultrasonic calorimeter according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the diameter Relationship between described base tube entrance and the first measuring section is convergent.
3. ultrasonic calorimeter according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the ratio between the length of described converging transition and the radius of minimum pipe section is 0.9.
4. ultrasonic calorimeter according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described reflection matrix is substantially cylindrical, and it is conical that described mounting blocks is, and on the circular cone of mounting blocks, screw thread is set, and by screw thread, is fixed in the pipeline section of corresponding measuring section.
5. ultrasonic calorimeter according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described base tube section diameter is 25mm, described measuring section diameter is 23mm, the diameter of the cylindrical base of described reflecting body is 10mm, and the diameter of described minimum pipe section is 12mm, and the length of described minimum pipe section is 40mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210310074.6A CN103630271A (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2012-08-23 | Diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter |
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| CN201210310074.6A CN103630271A (en) | 2012-08-23 | 2012-08-23 | Diameter-decreasing-structured ultrasonic heat meter |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105067057A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 青岛积成电子有限公司 | Ultrasonic-wave fluid flowmeter pipeline |
| WO2021129840A1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 四方光电股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic gas sensor |
-
2012
- 2012-08-23 CN CN201210310074.6A patent/CN103630271A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105067057A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 青岛积成电子有限公司 | Ultrasonic-wave fluid flowmeter pipeline |
| WO2021129840A1 (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2021-07-01 | 四方光电股份有限公司 | Ultrasonic gas sensor |
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