CN103630236A - Conical cavity type high-energy laser total-absorption energy meter - Google Patents
Conical cavity type high-energy laser total-absorption energy meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103630236A CN103630236A CN201310669525.XA CN201310669525A CN103630236A CN 103630236 A CN103630236 A CN 103630236A CN 201310669525 A CN201310669525 A CN 201310669525A CN 103630236 A CN103630236 A CN 103630236A
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Abstract
The invention provides a conical cavity type high-energy laser total-absorption energy meter. The energy meter comprises an absorber, a thermocouple sensor, an absorber support, a barrel-shaped insulator, a data acquiring system and a shell, wherein the absorber is made of a high-purity graphite material and has a cone structure; a conical hollow cavity is formed in the absorber; the absorber support is fixedly connected with the shell in a threaded manner; the middle and the bottom of a cone of the absorber are arranged on the support; the insulator is arranged in the shell; the thermocouple sensor is adhered to counter bores in the surface of the absorber; the distance between the bottom of each counter bore in the absorber and the outer surface of the absorber is 40% of the thickness of the wall of the absorber; the counter bores are equidistantly formed along the cone busbar direction and the direction perpendicular to a busbar; and the distance between two optional counter bores along the cone busbar direction is smaller than the length of the cone busbar of the absorber by 10%. By using the conical cavity type high-energy laser total-absorption energy meter, the high-energy laser energy measuring precision can be obviously improved; and the testing capability of the high-energy laser total-absorption energy meter is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energy measurement of high energy laser fields of measurement, be specifically related to a kind of conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter, be applicable to energy measurement of high energy laser and measure.
Background technology
Energy measurement of high energy laser measurement mainly contains two kinds of methods: first method adopts spectroscope light splitting sampling, then utilize low middle range power energy measuring apparatus to measure the laser energy that samples, finally according to the measurement result of low middle range power energy measuring apparatus and spectroscopical splitting ratio, calculate laser gross energy; Second method directly utilizes energy measuring apparatus to measure laser gross energy, and it requires measurement mechanism can absorb nearly all laser energy, and such device is commonly referred to hypersorption type measurement mechanism.In first method, adopted the mode of indirect sampling and measuring, splitting ratio conventionally easily changes under high light effect, and the accuracy and confidence of therefore measuring is relatively low.Hypersorption type measuring method is owing to will directly receiving higher laser power energy, the temperature rise of absorber conventionally can be higher, material surface is easy to occur damage, a kind of comparatively effective method is to adopt graphite material to be processed into the absorber of a cavity type, laser incides absorber inside surface, and be wound around in absorber appearance the temperature rise that thermal resistance wire is measured absorber, final according to the quality of absorber, specific heat and temperature rise calculate the energy of incident laser, name is called the article (Wang Lei etc. of < < absolute type High Energy Laser Energy Meter temperature characterisitic research > >, applied optics, 2005, 26 (5): what 29～32), introduce is exactly this structure.In order to reduce the laser power density that incides absorber surface, the length of whole absorber can be long, and the region that incident laser hot spot covers often only has less a part of region of close cone apex angle on absorber, when the power of laser and energy will produce larger thermograde absorber is inner when higher, and this thermograde is not only present in absorber cone generatrices direction in for a long time, also can be present on absorber perpendicular to absorber generatrix direction.The temperature rise of absorber outside surface cannot represent whole absorber temperature rise, if adopt thermal resistance wire to measure absorber temperature rise, will make measurement result on the low side, the thermograde larger at absorber generatrix direction also can cause the nonlinear effect of thermal resistance sensor, this impact is also difficult to revise, in addition because the specific heat of material can, with temperature change, cannot be eliminated the non-linear impact causing of graphite material specific heat if adopt thermal resistance wire to measure temperature.
Laser incides graphite surface will there is diffuse reflection, and graphite material often only has 0.7～0.8 to the absorptivity of laser, therefore will can overflow from absorber is inner by some energy, also can impact measuring accuracy.Because absorber surface is long-pending larger, the impact of the thermal loss such as heat radiation is also larger, need to take measures to reduce the impact of thermal loss in addition.If not controlled and compensate, the impact of these factors will cause serious impact to energy measurement of high energy laser measuring accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The impact that material specific heat is non-linear, thermocouple sensor is non-linear in order to reduce, temperature measurement accuracy, thermal loss and luminous energy are overflowed energy meter measuring accuracy is caused, the invention provides a kind of conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter.
A kind of conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter of the present invention, is characterized in, described energy meter contains absorber, thermocouple sensor, absorber support, insulator cylindraceous, data acquisition system (DAS), shell; Wherein, thermocouple sensor contains hot junction, armouring cover, lead-in wire.Described absorber is conical structure, and absorber inside is cone shape hollow cavity, and the end face of cone shape hollow cavity is set to plane; Its annexation is, in described shell, two ends are respectively arranged with the absorber support of ring-type, absorber support is fixedly connected with shell by screw thread, and cone middle part and the cone bottom of described absorber are all arranged on absorber support, and are fixedly connected with absorber support respectively.In the enclosure, the two ends of insulator are fixedly connected with absorber support respectively in described insulator setting.The outside surface of described absorber is provided with several counterbores that thermocouple sensor is installed, and thermocouple sensor is bonded in counterbore.Described thermocouple sensor is electrically connected to data acquisition system (DAS) by lead-in wire.Hollow cavity and the insulator cylindraceous of described absorber coaxially arrange.
Described thermocouple sensor is for revealing end type structure, and the hot junction of revealing in end type structure is positioned at the front end that armouring overlaps, and after lead-in wire is inner through armouring cover, is connected with hot junction, and armouring overlaps for right cylinder, the inner magnesium oxide of filling of armouring cover.
The counterbore bottom arranging on described absorber and the distance of absorber outside surface are 40% of absorber wall thickness.
Counterbore on described absorber is along cone generatrix direction and perpendicular to the equidistant setting of generatrix direction, along the distance between any two counterbores on cone generatrix direction, be less than absorber cone bus length 10%.
On the inner conical surface of described absorber, be provided with V-type groove, V-type groove is evenly distributed in the hollow inside cavity of absorber (1).
The quantity of described V-type groove is 50 ~ 100, and the scope of the angle theta of V-type groove is 20 ° ~ 60 °.
Described insulator consists of reflecting plate and the outer field thermal insulation board of internal layer, and reflecting plate is fixedly connected with by screw with thermal insulation board.
Described reflecting plate adopts brass material to make, and process or surface gold-plating by glossing on brass material surface, and the material of thermal insulation board adopts teflon.
Described absorber support adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make, and described absorber adopts high purity graphite to make.
In the present invention, adopt a plurality of discrete thermocouple sensors to measure the temperature of absorber, and the region that the quality of absorber is covered according to thermopair divides, then according to the temperature of zones of different, obtain the energy increment that the corresponding specific heat of combustion of this temperature calculates this region in conjunction with quality and the temperature rise in this region again.After the spacing between thermocouple sensor retrains, the thermograde in each region is less, and the nonlinear impact of material specific heat can be ignored.The hot junction of thermopair is arranged on the inside of absorber, can measure accurately the medial temperature of whole absorber, in order to improve the response speed of thermocouple sensor, reduce impact precision being caused due to thermocouple sensor response characteristic, thermocouple sensor is for revealing end type.In order to reduce the thermal loss of absorber, insulator is arranged to inside and outside two-layer, internal layer is reflecting plate, skin is thermal insulation board, reflecting plate is made by brass material, process or surface gold-plating by glossing on brass material surface, thermal insulation board material is teflon, because the brass material surface through glossing or craft of gilding processing will reach more than 90% to the reflectivity of main radiation wavelength, can effectively suppress the energy loss that heat radiation causes, teflon can reduce thermal conduction rate, suppresses the impact of conduction and convection.On the inner conical surface of absorber, be provided with V-type groove, by being set, V-type groove can increase laser irradiation area, reduce the laser power density that incides material surface, owing to inciding light beam most of light beam after graphite diffuse reflection of V-type groove inside, still in the internal reflection of V groove, therefore from the inner energy of overflowing of absorbing cavity, will significantly reduce in addition.
The present invention adopts a plurality of discrete thermocouple sensors to measure absorber temperature, by thermocouple sensor and absorber are carried out to rational deployment and division, can obviously reduce that material specific heat is non-linear, thermocouple sensor is non-linear and impact that temperature measurement accuracy etc. causes, by V-type groove is set, can effectively reduce absorber effusion energy, for thermal loss, also can effectively suppress by double thermal insulation body structure.The present invention can significantly improve energy measurement of high energy laser measuring accuracy, and promotes the power of test of superlaser hypersorption energy meter.
accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the insulator structural representation in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the thermocouple sensor structural representation in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of arranging of counterbore on the absorber in the present invention, and Fig. 4 (a) is sectional view, and Fig. 4 (b) is side view;
Fig. 5 is the absorber V-type groove structural representation in the present invention, and Fig. 5 (a) is side view, and Fig. 5 (b) is sectional view;
In figure, 1. absorber 2. insulator 3. thermocouple sensor 4. absorber support I 5. shell 6. data acquisition system (DAS) 7. reflecting plate 8. thermal insulation board 9. hot junction 10. armourings overlap 11. lead-in wire 12. counterbore 14. absorber support II.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter of the present invention, Fig. 2 is the insulator structural representation in the present invention, Fig. 3 is the thermocouple sensor structural representation in the present invention, Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of arranging of counterbore on the absorber in the present invention, wherein, Fig. 4 (a) is that sectional view, Fig. 4 (b) are side view, and Fig. 5 is the absorber V-type groove structural representation in the present invention, and Fig. 5 (a) is that side view, Fig. 5 (b) are sectional view.
In Fig. 1～Fig. 5, conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter of the present invention, contains absorber 1, thermocouple sensor 3, absorber support, insulator cylindraceous 2, data acquisition system (DAS) 6, shell 5; Wherein, absorber support comprises absorber support I 4 and absorber support II 14, and thermocouple sensor 3 contains hot junction 9, armouring cover 10, goes between 11.Described absorber 1 is conical structure, and absorber 1 inside is cone shape hollow cavity, and the end face of cone shape hollow cavity is set to plane.Its annexation is, the described interior two ends of shell 5 are respectively arranged with absorber support I 4, the absorber support II 14 of ring-type, absorber support I 4, absorber support II 14 are fixedly connected with shell 5 respectively by screw thread, the cone middle part of absorber 1 is arranged in absorber support I 4, cone bottom is arranged in absorber support II 14, and is fixedly connected with absorber support I 4, absorber support II 14 respectively.Described insulator 2 is arranged in shell 5, and the two ends of insulator 2 are fixedly connected with absorber support I 4, absorber support II 14 respectively.The outside surface of described absorber 1 is provided with several counterbores that thermocouple sensor is installed, and thermocouple sensor is bonded in respectively in corresponding counterbore; Thermocouple sensor 3 is electrically connected to data acquisition system (DAS) 6 by lead-in wire.The hollow cavity of described absorber 1 and insulator cylindraceous 2 coaxially arrange.
Described thermocouple sensor 3 is to reveal end type structure, and the hot junction 9 in dew end type structure is positioned at the front end of armouring cover 10, goes between 11 through being connected with hot junction 9 behind armouring 10 inside, and it is right cylinder that armouring overlaps 10, the inner filling magnesium oxide of armouring cover 10, as shown in Figure 3.
The counterbore bottom arranging on described absorber 1 and the distance of absorber 1 outside surface are 40% of absorber wall thickness.
On the described inner conical surface of absorber 1, be provided with V-type groove, V-type groove is evenly distributed in the hollow inside cavity of absorber 1.
Described insulator 2 consists of reflecting plate 7 and the outer field thermal insulation board 8 of internal layer, and reflecting plate 7 is fixedly connected with by screw with thermal insulation board 8.
Described absorber support 4 adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make, and described absorber 1 adopts high purity graphite to make.
In the present embodiment, the quantity of described V-type groove setting is 60, and the angle theta of V-type groove is 30 °.The counterbore arranging on described absorber 1 is along cone generatrix direction and perpendicular to the equidistant setting of generatrix direction, along the distance between any two counterbores on cone generatrix direction, equal absorber 1 cone bus length 8%.Described reflecting plate 7 adopts brass material to make, and process by glossing on brass material surface, and the material of thermal insulation board 8 adopts teflon.
In the present embodiment, be provided with 12 groups of thermocouple sensors the cone generatrix direction of absorber 1 is equally spaced, thermocouple sensor 3 is one of them.Every group of thermocouple sensor all adopts high-temp glue to be bonded in counterbore corresponding on absorber 1, and counterbore 12 is in several counterbores.The diameter of the armouring cover 10 of thermocouple sensor 3 is than the little 0.2mm of diameter of counterbore on absorber 1, and the length of the armouring of thermocouple sensor 3 cover 10 is identical with the degree of depth of counterbore on absorber 1.Every group of thermocouple sensor is all uniformly distributed and is bonded in corresponding counterbore along the hoop of the cone of absorber 1, each is organized quantity that thermocouple sensor distributes and respectively is twelve earthly branches, 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21, two twelve earthly branches, 23, the thermocouple sensor distributing on absorber 1 adds up to 210, as shown in Figure 4.
The center of circle of the round heart in cone bottom surface of the hollow cavity in the present invention and absorber 1 bottom surface circle is at same position, in order to make absorber 1, can stablize, be installed to reliably on absorber support, column structure is arranged at the cone base of absorber 1 and cone middle part, and cone middle part and the cone end of absorber 1 are all arranged on absorber support; Because the vertex of a cone part of absorber 1 cone is less to the absorption of laser energy, in order to reduce whole superlaser hypersorption energy meter length, the cone of absorber 1 is assigned to this section of cone middle part from cone top part and from absorber 1, remove; The material of absorber 1 is high purity graphite; Absorber support adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to process, and is connected with shell 5 by screw thread; On absorber 1, be processed with cylindrical bore, thermocouple sensor is bonded in the counterbore of absorber 1 outside surface by high-temp glue; Thermocouple sensor 3 is electrically connected to data acquisition system (DAS) 6 by lead-in wire 11; Data acquisition system (DAS) 6 possesses temperature acquisition, calculating, demonstration and memory function; Insulator 2 is a cylindrical structure, is connected, as shown in Figure 1 by screw thread with absorber support.
On the inner conical surface of absorber 1 in the present invention, be provided with V-type groove, V-type groove is evenly distributed in the hollow inside cavity of absorber 1, and from the cone base of absorber 1 hollow cavity, extend to the vertex of a cone of absorber 1 hollow cavity, by being set, V-type groove can increase laser irradiation area, reduce the laser power density that incides material surface, in addition due to the light beam that incides V-type groove inside after graphite diffuse reflection most of light beam still in the internal reflection of V groove, therefore from the inner energy of overflowing of absorbing cavity, will significantly reduce, as shown in Figure 5.
The present embodiment is identical with the structure of embodiment 1, and difference is, in the present embodiment, the quantity of described V-type groove is 100, and the angle theta of V-type groove is 60 °.The counterbore arranging on described absorber 1 is along cone generatrix direction and perpendicular to the equidistant setting of generatrix direction, along the distance between any two counterbores on cone generatrix direction, equal absorber cone bus length 6%.Described reflecting plate adopts brass material to make, brass material surface gold-plating.
Be provided with 15 groups of thermocouple sensors absorber cone generatrix direction is equally spaced.The diameter of the armouring cover of thermocouple sensor is than the little 0.5mm of the diameter of counterbore on absorber, the long 1cm of the degree of depth of counterbore on the Length Ratio absorber of the armouring of thermocouple sensor cover.Each quantity of organizing thermocouple sensor is followed successively by ten, 11, twelve earthly branches, 13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21, two twelve earthly branches, 23,24, and the thermocouple sensor quantity distributing on absorber adds up to 255.
Claims (9)
1. a conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter, it is characterized in that, described energy meter contains absorber (1), thermocouple sensor (3), absorber support, insulator cylindraceous (2), data acquisition system (DAS) (6), shell (5); Wherein, absorber support comprises absorber support I (4) and absorber support II (14), and thermocouple sensor (3) contains hot junction (9), armouring cover (10), lead-in wire (11); Described absorber (1) is conical structure, and absorber (1) inside is cone shape hollow cavity, and the end face of cone shape hollow cavity is set to plane; Its annexation is, the interior two ends of described shell (5) are respectively arranged with absorber support I (4), the absorber support II (14) of ring-type, and absorber support I (4), absorber support II (14) are fixedly connected with shell (5) by screw thread respectively; Cone middle part, the cone bottom of described absorber (1) is separately positioned on absorber support I (4), absorber support II (14) is upper, and is fixedly connected with absorber support I (4), absorber support II (14); Described insulator (2) is arranged in shell (5), and the two ends of insulator (2) are fixedly connected with absorber support I (4), absorber support II (14) respectively; The outside surface of described absorber (1) is provided with several counterbores that thermocouple sensor is installed, and thermocouple sensor is bonded in corresponding counterbore; Described thermocouple sensor (3) is electrically connected to data acquisition system (DAS) (6) by lead-in wire (11); The hollow cavity of described absorber (1) coaxially arranges with corresponding insulator (2).
2. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described thermocouple sensor (3) is for revealing end type structure, hot junction (9) in dew end type structure is positioned at the front end of armouring cover (10), after lead-in wire (11) is inner through armouring cover (10), be connected with hot junction (9), armouring cover (10) is right cylinder, the inner magnesium oxide of filling of armouring cover (10).
3. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the upper counterbore bottom arranging of described absorber (1) and the distance of absorber (1) outside surface are 40% of absorber wall thickness.
4. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the counterbore on described absorber (1) is along cone generatrix direction and perpendicular to the equidistant setting of generatrix direction, along the distance between any two counterbores on cone generatrix direction, be less than absorber (1) cone bus length 10%.
5. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: on the inner conical surface of described absorber (1), be provided with V-type groove, V-type groove is evenly distributed in the hollow inside cavity of absorber (1).
6. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the quantity of described V-type groove is 50～100, and the scope of the angle theta of V-type groove is 20 °～60 °.
7. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described insulator (2) consists of reflecting plate (7) and the outer field thermal insulation board (8) of internal layer, and reflecting plate (7) is fixedly connected with by screw with thermal insulation board (8).
8. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described reflecting plate (7) adopts brass material to make, process or surface gold-plating by glossing on brass material surface, and the material of thermal insulation board (8) adopts teflon.
9. conical cavity type superlaser hypersorption energy meter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described absorber support (4) adopts polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to make, and described absorber (1) adopts high purity graphite to make.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104165690A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2014-11-26 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Calibration device for high-energy laser energy meter |
| CN104931135A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-23 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Laser energy meter probe |
| CN108827463A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-16 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | A kind of immersion hypersorption superlaser power energy meter |
| CN109029715A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2018-12-18 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Large-caliber broadband optical power measuring device and working method thereof |
| CN111272275A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-12 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Body absorption type laser energy meter |
| CN111637967A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-08 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Universal solid absorption type high-energy laser energy measuring probe |
| CN113720446A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-30 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Wiring structure and wiring method of low-temperature radiometer |
| CN113804289A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-17 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Rotary water-through absorption tank |
| CN115235617A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-10-25 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Laser power measuring system and measuring method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111637967A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-08 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Universal solid absorption type high-energy laser energy measuring probe |
| CN113720446A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-30 | 西安应用光学研究所 | Wiring structure and wiring method of low-temperature radiometer |
| CN113804289A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-17 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Rotary water-through absorption tank |
| CN113804289B (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2023-06-20 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | Rotary type water-through absorption tank |
| CN115235617A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-10-25 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Laser power measuring system and measuring method |
| CN115235617B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-20 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Laser power measuring system and measuring method |
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