CN103626614B - 一种低爆速爆炸焊接炸药 - Google Patents

一种低爆速爆炸焊接炸药 Download PDF

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CN103626614B
CN103626614B CN201310643661.1A CN201310643661A CN103626614B CN 103626614 B CN103626614 B CN 103626614B CN 201310643661 A CN201310643661 A CN 201310643661A CN 103626614 B CN103626614 B CN 103626614B
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explosive
explosion
welding
explosion velocity
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CN103626614A (zh
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曾智恒
张新华
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Hunan Fangheng New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种低爆速爆炸焊接炸药,包括按重量计的下列组分:70-85%的二号岩石硝铵炸药,10-25%的NaCl和5-15%的水,均匀混合,现场配制而成,本发明炸药降低了常用炸药爆速;降低了爆炸复合用炸药用量和成本;克服了直接使用二号岩石硝铵炸药时,存在爆速过高、容易毁坏低熔点复合材料;可在现场根据不同材料对爆速的不同要求配制出不同爆速的炸药,工艺简单。

Description

一种低爆速爆炸焊接炸药
技术领域
本发明涉及一种炸药,具体涉及一种用于爆炸焊接的低爆速炸药及制备方法。
背景技术
爆炸焊接技术(习惯称爆炸复合)是以炸药为能源,通过炸药爆轰效应将一种材料(复层)高速碰撞另一种材料(基层),实现两种金属的冶金结合,结合区呈现为波状的冶金结合。根据经验总结和科学分析,爆炸焊接用炸药的爆速须控制在1500m/s-2800 m/s的范围内,方可确保爆炸焊接质量。而常用的民用炸药爆速普遍在2800m/s-6500 m/s,如此就要求降低爆炸焊接用炸药的爆速。目前,在降低爆炸焊接用炸药爆速的方法主要有以下几种:一、在高爆速民用炸药重添加重金属粉末;二、将高爆速民用炸药混合在粘结剂中或者分散在多孔性材料中获得泡沫型炸药;三、将改性高爆速民用炸药与燃油、木粉、珍珠岩等混合,来降低炸药爆速;四、将硝铵炸药混合复合油相、粉剂中来低爆速。前两种方法制得的炸药感度高、不安全、成本高、易产生环境污染;第三种方法制得的炸药稳定性差、易出现爆速不稳定现象;第四种方法制得的炸药成本高、工艺复杂、不能现场爆速调整。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种安全、稳定性好、成本低、制备简单的低爆速爆炸焊接炸药及其制备方法。
本发明的低爆速爆炸焊接炸药,包括按重量计的下列组分:70-85%的二号岩石硝铵炸药,10-25%的NaCl和5-15%的水。
作为改进,包括按重量计的下列组分:70-75%的二号岩石硝铵炸药,20-25%的NaCl和5-10%的水。
作为改进,所述NaCl细度为40-60目。
所述低爆速爆炸焊接炸药的制备方法,将所述二号岩石硝铵炸药与NaCl均匀混合,将混合后的物料在焊接前用所述的水混拌,使混拌后得到的药体潮湿松散,且不会在爆炸焊接前结块。
作为改进,将混合后的物料在焊接前20分钟内用所述的水混拌。
本发明主要以二号岩石硝铵炸药为主,掺入NaCl、水均匀混合,现场制备成的一种新型的爆炸复合用低爆速炸药,通过等待时间的不同而获得能满足不同金属材料复合要求的不同爆速的低爆速炸药。其中水是一种惰性物质,在炸药爆炸过程中不参与反应,而是吸收一部分能量用于自身加热和汽化;同时,水分含量的增大会降低炸药爆热和爆速。NaCl在炸药中的加入量的增加会降低炸药作功能力(威力),同时起到消焰的作用,但不会使炸药性能丧失、发生拒爆。因此,NaCl是煤矿炸药中作为防止甲烷-空气混合物和煤粉燃烧的理想抑制剂;同时也是降低炸药爆速的理想材料。由于水和盐的作用,从而使炸药爆速控制到1500m/s-2800 m/s的范围,获得能满足金属板材焊接用低爆速炸药。
综上,本发明炸药降低了常用炸药爆速;降低了爆炸复合用炸药用量和成本;克服了直接使用二号岩石硝铵炸药时,存在爆速过高、容易毁坏低熔点复合材料;可在现场根据不同材料对爆速的不同要求配制出不同爆速的炸药,工艺简单。
具体实施方式
本发明所用母体炸药为市售二号岩石硝铵炸药(所含成分为硝酸铵、改性硝酸脲、木粉、复合改良剂),爆速为3200m/s。
实施例1
按下述方法制备本发明的低爆速爆炸焊接炸药:
(1)将10kg NaCl(细度100%在40-60目之间),与75kg二号岩石硝铵炸药均匀混合;
(2)在焊接前20分钟,将上述得到的混合料均匀摊铺,并在上面均匀喷洒15kg纯净水使药体潮湿松散,且不会马上结块,得到低爆速爆炸焊接炸药。经测试,当装药厚度为2.2CM,装填密度为0.92g/立方厘米 ,其爆速为2365m/s。
实施例2
(1)将25kg NaCl(细度100%在40-60目之间),与70kg二号岩石硝铵炸药均匀混合;;
(2)在焊接前20分钟,将上述得到的混合料均匀摊铺,并在上面均匀喷洒5 kg纯净水使药体潮湿松散,且不会马上结块,得到低爆速爆炸焊接炸药。经测试,当装药厚度为2.2CM,装填密度为0.96g/立方厘米,其爆速为1575 m/s。
实施例3
(1)将20kg NaCl(细度100%在40-60目之间),与75kg二号岩石硝铵炸药均匀混合;
(2)在焊接前20分钟,将上述得到的混合料均匀摊铺,并在上面均匀喷洒5kg纯净水使药体潮湿松散,且不会马上结块,得到低爆速爆炸焊接炸药。经测试,当装药厚度为2.2CM ,装药密度为0.95g/立方厘米,其爆速为1880m/s。
实施例4
(1)将10kg NaCl(细度100%在40-60目之间),与85kg二号岩石硝铵炸药均匀混合;
(2)在焊接前10分钟,将上述得到的混合料均匀摊铺,并在上面均匀喷洒5kg纯净水使药体潮湿松散,且不会马上结块,得到低爆速爆炸焊接炸药。经测试,当装药厚度为2.2CM ,装药密度为0.9g/立方厘米,其爆速为 2765m/s。

Claims (5)

1.一种低爆速爆炸焊接炸药,包括按重量计的下列组分:70-85%的二号岩石硝铵炸药,10-25%的NaCl和5-15%的水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低爆速爆炸焊接炸药,其特征在于包括按重量计的下列组分:70-75%的二号岩石硝铵炸药,20-25%的NaCl和5-10%的水。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的低爆速爆炸焊接炸药,其特征在于所述NaCl细度为40-60目。
4.一种权利要求1-3之一所述低爆速爆炸焊接炸药的制备方法,将所述二号岩石硝铵炸药与NaCl均匀混合,将混合后的物料在焊接前用所述的水混拌,使混拌后得到的药体潮湿松散,且不会在爆炸焊接前结块。
5.根据权利要求4所述的低爆速爆炸焊接炸药的制备方法,其特征在于将混合后的物料在焊接前20分钟内用所述的水混拌。
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CN104496733A (zh) * 2014-12-16 2015-04-08 陕西红旗民爆集团股份有限公司 爆速、猛度可调型低爆速炸药及制备工艺

Citations (5)

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GB420915A (en) * 1933-06-09 1934-12-10 Albert Greville White Improvements in or relating to blasting explosive cartridges and borehole charges
CN101298114A (zh) * 2008-06-23 2008-11-05 南京润邦金属复合材料有限公司 大厚度BFe30-1-1/35CrMo爆炸焊接高强度高耐蚀复合板
CN101444794A (zh) * 2008-12-04 2009-06-03 南京润邦金属复合材料有限公司 爆炸焊接3Cr13Mo/42CrMo高耐磨耐蚀复合轧辊
CN102173969A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-09-07 西安天力金属复合材料有限公司 一种低爆速高猛度爆炸复合用炸药及其使用方法
CN103288567A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2013-09-11 四川凯达化工有限公司 一种低爆速膨化硝铵炸药及其制备方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB420915A (en) * 1933-06-09 1934-12-10 Albert Greville White Improvements in or relating to blasting explosive cartridges and borehole charges
CN101298114A (zh) * 2008-06-23 2008-11-05 南京润邦金属复合材料有限公司 大厚度BFe30-1-1/35CrMo爆炸焊接高强度高耐蚀复合板
CN101444794A (zh) * 2008-12-04 2009-06-03 南京润邦金属复合材料有限公司 爆炸焊接3Cr13Mo/42CrMo高耐磨耐蚀复合轧辊
CN102173969A (zh) * 2010-11-26 2011-09-07 西安天力金属复合材料有限公司 一种低爆速高猛度爆炸复合用炸药及其使用方法
CN103288567A (zh) * 2013-05-17 2013-09-11 四川凯达化工有限公司 一种低爆速膨化硝铵炸药及其制备方法

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