CN103620215A - 空气和气动装置的组件 - Google Patents

空气和气动装置的组件 Download PDF

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CN103620215A
CN103620215A CN201280018415.0A CN201280018415A CN103620215A CN 103620215 A CN103620215 A CN 103620215A CN 201280018415 A CN201280018415 A CN 201280018415A CN 103620215 A CN103620215 A CN 103620215A
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pneumatic actuator
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compressed air
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瓦尔德马·皮斯科日
托马斯·塔德乌什·皮斯科日
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F03D3/0409—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels surrounding the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/17—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing energy in pressurised fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/28—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being a pump or a compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的主题是空气和气动装置的组件，尤其是用于发电的高功率单元的组件。本发明在于：该组件优选地由三个立柱(3)组成，立柱(3)由同轴布置的区段(2)构成、以刚性连接杆(4)连接。区段(2)的定子(5)具有连接至板(8)和(9)的四个支柱(7)，至少一个支柱(7)上附接有用于给送压缩空气的管道(31)，所述管道(31)装备有喷嘴(32)。一个立柱(3a)的转子(6)的轴(23)与连接至压缩空气罐(34)的压缩机单元(33)联接。压缩空气罐(34)经由电磁阀(36)、压缩空气单元(37)及其分支连接至其他立柱(3b)和(3c)的定子(5)的管道(31)。电磁阀(36)经由控制系统(38)联接至转子(6)的速度计。

Description

空气和气动装置的组件
技术领域
本发明的主题涉及一种空气和气动装置的组件，尤其是涉及一种旨在用于发电的高功率装置的组件。
背景技术
根据日本专利申请JP2002130110，已知一种具有任意高度的风力发电机，该风力发电机由具有同轴地布置的导向翅片和辅助翅片的多个发动机单元构成。单独的单元的转子通过与棘齿结合的棘轮而连接，以便将扭矩传递至动力接收装置。
发明内容
根据本发明，装置的组件由至少两个立柱、优选为三个立柱构成，这些立柱通过形成了构架构型的刚性连接杆而相互连接。每个立柱由以一个位于另一个的顶部上的方式同轴地叠置的至少三个竖向区段组成，始自地面的第一个竖向区段固定至基部。连接杆优选为安装在每两个区段之间。
区段由定子和转子构成。区段的定子由在各自的端部处经由圆形板连接的四个管状支柱形成，其中圆形板包括相互平行的下部板和上部板，支柱的末端延伸越过这些板。上部板由环形件和支承板构成，使用螺栓以可拆除的方式连接该环形件和支承板。支柱围绕这样的圆对称地间隔开：该圆具有小于板之间的距离的直径。夹紧环置于延伸越过下部板的末端上，并且该夹紧环固定至板。夹紧环装备有突耳，突耳用于对连接立柱的连接杆进行固定。末端和夹紧环包括开口，这些开口沿一个方向布置并且布置成与支柱或夹紧环的外部边缘等距，这些开口旨在用于开口销，开口销联结单独的区段。在下部板与上部板的对称轴线中，存在有用于安装轴承的托架。布置在穿过支柱轴线的一个平面内的两个竖直平板固定至支柱及板，所述平板相对于从板的轴线延伸至支柱的轴线的半径呈锐角地倾斜。在平板之间嵌入有呈矩形壁的形式的导向翅片，这些导向翅片围绕圆均匀地间隔开并且相对于穿过这些导向翅片的中心的半径呈锐角地倾斜。
每个定子的至少一个支柱在其连接至外部设置的平板的点处具有连接至该支柱的压缩空气管道。定子中的每个压缩空气管道均装备有以与平板相似的方式指向的喷嘴。
定子容置有转子，转子的轴被支撑在轴承上。轴具有附接至该轴的两个盘形件，在两个盘形件之间具有围绕外周布置的竖向转子叶片，竖向转子叶片的数量优选为大于八，所述叶片具有半圆筒形的形状。定子导向翅片相对于转子叶片布置成使得穿过导向翅片的平面与半圆筒形转子叶片的轴线位于其上的圆相切。联接盘安装至转子轴的突出越过轴承托架的末端上，所述联接盘设置有条状部，其中条状部具有设置在外侧的防护部。防护部的侧部衬有柔性覆盖物。
一个立柱的转子轴与连接至压缩空气罐的压缩机相联接。连接至位于其它立柱中的定子中的压缩空气管道的压缩空气管道从罐中延伸出。定子的布置到立柱中的压缩空气管道被防漏密封地连接。在压缩空气罐与定子中的管道之间安装有电磁阀，该电磁阀通过控制系统连接至转子的速度计。
根据本发明的解决方案使得能够从与被驱动的装置相联接的那些风力发动机区段处不间断地接收动力。在无风期间，那些区段的转子由积聚于罐中的压缩空气驱动。优选地，空气和气动装置组件的每第三立柱用于压缩空气。区段的设计确保了立柱单元的快速组装和稳定性，尤其是在立柱布置成等边三角形的布局中。除此之外，区段的设计的特征在于：极有效地利用了风力。
附图说明
本发明的主题以示例性的解决方案示出，在示例性的解决方案中：图1示出了三个立柱单元的示意性俯视图，图2是包括了压缩空气单元的立柱的简化视图，图3以轴向视图放大地示出了区段定子，图4示出了区段的横剖面，图5是转子的总体视图，图6是从联接的盘部的表面观察的放大视图，图7是空气管道与支柱之间的连接的横剖面的细节视图，以及图8是压缩空气单元的示意性视图。
具体实施方式
根据附图，锚固在地面中的、以等边三角形的布局布置的三个基板1分别对八个风力发动机区段2进行支撑。该风力发动机区段2呈三个立柱3a、3b、3c的形式，所述立柱3a、3b、3c通过形成构架构型的刚性连接杆4而相互连接。风力发动机区段2由定子5和转子6构成。定子5由在其端部处连接至下部板8和上部板9的四个管状支柱7组成，所述板相对于彼此平行，同时支柱7的末端10突出越过板8和9。上部板9由环形件11以及用螺栓13附接至环形件11的支承板12构成。轴承托架14以螺栓连接至下部板8和上部板12。支柱7在直径小于板8与板9之间的距离的圆上对称地间隔开。四个肋部15焊接至底板8，肋部的连接至夹紧环16的较短侧设置于支柱7的末端10上。夹紧环16设置有用于固定连接杆4的突耳17。在环形件11与下部板8之间，在支柱7上焊接有平板18和19，平板18和19位于穿过支柱轴线的平面内，所述平板18和19相对于从定子5的轴线延伸至支柱7的轴线的半径呈锐角地倾斜。在支柱7之间，存在有附接至环形件11和下部板8的呈矩形壁形式的十六个导向翅片20。导向翅片20围绕一圆均匀地间隔开。末端10和夹紧环16包括用于开口销的孔21，开口销连接单独的区段2，所述孔21径向地布置并且布置成与末端10的边缘或夹紧环16的边缘等距。
转子6的轴23被支撑在定子5的托架14的轴承22中，轴23的端部在托架14的上方突出。轴23上焊接有两个盘形件25和26，这两个盘形件25和26具有略小于环形件11的内径的直径。在盘形件25与盘形件26之间，围绕盘形件25和26的外周具有均匀地间隔开的、各自具有半圆筒形形状的八个转子叶片27，八个转子叶片27插入于盘形件25和26中的孔中并且与盘形件25和26永久性地相连接。半圆筒形转子叶片27的直径与盘形件25和26的直径的比值是1：4。叶片27设置成使得穿过转子24的轴23的轴线的直线与叶片27的两个边缘均相切。与平板18和19相类似地，导向翅片20相对于转子叶片27布置在与这样的圆相切的平面中：半圆筒形叶片27的轴线围绕该圆间隔开。在转子24的轴23的突出的末端上安装有盘28，所述盘各自具有四个条状部29，条状部29的端部具有向外指向的防护部30，所述盘28相对于彼此偏移达防护部30的宽度。防护部30的侧部衬有橡胶覆盖物24。当两个区段2连接时，联接盘28的防护部30将位于同一水平上。
支柱7具有附接至支柱7的压缩空气单元的管道31，所述管道设置有喷嘴23，喷嘴23的出口指向叶片27的内表面的中心。管道31设置有防漏密封的连接器，这使得压缩空气能够供给至顶部区段2。顶部区段2的管道31被塞住。压缩机单元33与立柱3a的下部转子6的轴相联接并且该压缩机单元33连接至高压空气罐34。其他两个立柱3b和3c的转子6的轴23与发电机35联接。压缩空气罐34通过电磁阀36和压缩空气系统37及其分支连接至立柱3b和3c的定子5的管道31。电磁阀36经由控制系统38联接至转子6的速度计。

Claims (10)

1.一种空气和气动装置的组件，包括由具有固定的空气导向翅片的定子和具有竖向的旋转轴线的转子构成的区段，所述区段堆叠成被支撑在基板上的竖向立柱，而风力发动机的在所述立柱中彼此联接的轴与动力接收器相联接，其特征在于，所述空气和气动装置的组件由至少两个立柱(3)、优选为三个立柱(3)组成，所述立柱(3)通过固定至定子(5)的刚性连接杆(4)而彼此连接，而每个定子(5)由四个管状支柱(7)形成，所述四个管状支柱(7)围绕圆均匀地间隔开并连接至圆形下部板(8)和圆形上部板(9)，而所述支柱上固定有两个平板(18)和(19)，所述平板位于设定成相对于穿过所述支柱(7)的轴线延伸的半径呈锐角的平面内，并且附加地，至少一个支柱(7)具有固定至所述至少一个支柱(7)的压缩空气管道(31)，所述管道装备有与所述平板(18)和(19)相平行地指向的喷嘴(32)，而在所述下部板(8)与所述上部板(9)的对称轴线中，具有轴承(22)的托架(14)，具有叶片(27)的所述转子(6)的轴(23)支撑在所述轴承(22)中，并且一个立柱(3a)的所述转子(6)的轴(23)与连接至压缩空气罐(34)的压缩机单元(33)相联接，所述压缩空气罐(34)连接至压缩空气系统(37)，所述压缩空气系统(37)连接至其它立柱(3b)和(3c)的所述定子(5)的所述管道(31)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，所述转子(6)的所述叶片(27)具有半圆筒形的形状。
3.根据权利要求1所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，位于所述下部板(8)与所述上部板(9)之间的呈矩形壁形式的所述导向翅片(20)布置在与所述半圆筒形叶片(27)的轴线设置于其上的圆相切的平面中。
4.根据权利要求3所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，所述上部板(9)包括环形件(11)，支承板(12)以能够拆除的方式连接至所述环形件(11)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，所述支柱(7)的末端(10)突出越过所述下部板(8)和所述环形件(11)，所述末端(10)具有安装在所述下部板(8)侧或安装在所述环形件(11)侧的夹紧环(16)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，所述末端(10)和所述夹紧环(16)包括通孔(21)，所述通孔(21)沿一个方向布置并且布置成与所述支柱(7)或所述夹紧环(16)的外部边缘等间距。
7.根据权利要求5所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，所述夹紧环(16)设置有用于连接所述连接杆(4)的突耳(17)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，优选为每隔立柱(3)的一个区段(2)地附接所述连接杆(4)。
9.根据权利要求1所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，在所述转子(6)的轴(23)的突出越过所述轴承(22)的所述托架(14)的端部上设置有具有条状部(29)的联接盘(28)，所述条状部(29)在其顶部处具有布置在外侧的防护部(30)，所述防护部(30)的侧部衬有柔性覆盖物(24)。
10.根据权利要求1所述的空气和气动装置的组件，其特征在于，在所述压缩空气罐(34)与所述定子(5)中的所述管道(31)之间安装有电磁阀(36)，所述电磁阀(36)通过控制系统(38)与转子(6)的速度计连接。
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