CN103611974B - A kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103611974B CN103611974B CN201310626731.2A CN201310626731A CN103611974B CN 103611974 B CN103611974 B CN 103611974B CN 201310626731 A CN201310626731 A CN 201310626731A CN 103611974 B CN103611974 B CN 103611974B
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Abstract
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, it is characterized in that, open type and trash-type impeller combinational processing method is adopted to process, wherein the open type part milling method of impeller is: blade stacking direction of principal axis unshrouded impeller slightly slots+spiral milling essence Milling Machining, and impeller enclosed part milling method is: slightly slot+reciprocating essence Milling Machining in engine axis direction. Namely first half section in blade profile carries out+spiral milling of slotting, and the second half section of blade profile to blade root is docking fluting+back and forth milling. The method can improve large-scale axial flow type integral wheel working (machining) efficiency, it is to increase blade position surface quality also reduces production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical manufacturing field, the special novel working method that a kind of large-scale axial flow type integral wheel is provided.
Background technology
Along with the raising that aircraft engine thrust-weight ratio requires, the application of large-scale axial flow type integral wheel is more and more extensive, although large-scale axial flow type integral wheel is open architecture, but owing to blade dimensions is super big, blade maximum length is about 300mm, greatest width dimension is about 219mm, Maximal twist angle 62 ��, easy stress deformation, opening character is poor, it it is a kind of typical wide string, big torsional angle, long cantilever, narrow dark cavity configuration, its NC Milling difficulty is very big, processing characteristic has: tool length-to-diameter ratio is big (as adopted single Flank machining technique of open type leaf dish routinely, then milling cutter is about 350mm), in the course of processing, blade cantilever and cutter coupled vibration are very serious, big torsional angle and narrow dark cavity configuration cause the sharply reduction that tool produces severe interference and tool diameter, indirectly increase again cutter length-to-diameter ratio simultaneously. along with the sharply increase of cutter length-to-diameter ratio, the coupled vibration of cutter and blade cantilever seriously reduces the Milling Machining quality of blade surface, reduces working (machining) efficiency, simultaneously, due to the increasing of vibration in processing, cutter life also sharply shortens, and directly increases again the cost of charp tool.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, the method can improve large-scale axial flow type integral wheel working (machining) efficiency, it is to increase blade position surface quality also reduces production cost.
The present invention specifically provides a kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, it is characterized in that, open type and trash-type impeller combinational processing method is adopted to process, wherein the open type part milling method of impeller is: blade stacking direction of principal axis unshrouded impeller slightly slots+spiral milling essence Milling Machining, and impeller enclosed part milling method is: slightly slot+reciprocating essence Milling Machining in engine axis direction. Namely first half section in blade profile carries out+spiral milling of slotting, and the second half section of blade profile to blade root is docking fluting+back and forth milling.
Thick fluting: owing to material removing rate is relatively big, increase blade position mechanical workout unrelieved stress, in order to the loss that part deformation after reducing hidden lino removal causes, stays 2mm surplus on each surface of runner and blade. Open type part milling method is that blade stacking direction of principal axis is slightly slotted (accounting for the 60% of process zone), and enclosed part milling method adopts the brill milling of engine axis direction to add thick fluting (accounting for the 40% of process zone, comprise runner position).
Essence Milling Machining: be divided into semi-finishing and precision work two portions. Half essence milling stays 0.2mm surplus to essence milling, it is contemplated that cutter phenomenon that what increase due to the abrasion of cutter and along with cutter length-to-diameter ratio caused in the course of processing allow, during essence Milling Machining, blade adopts and processes without surplus mode. Open type part milling method is that blade stacking direction of principal axis spiral half essence milling adds spiral essence milling (accounting for the 65% of process zone), enclosed part milling method adopts the reciprocating half essence milling in engine axis direction to add reciprocating essence Milling Machining (accounting for the 35% of process zone, comprise runner position).
In impeller open type part Milling Machining process, owing to blade front and rear edge part cutter shaft changes too greatly, cutter accepts comparatively complicated, serious curtailment cutter life, therefore, thick fluting does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge, and blade front and rear edge adopts four swords of band 4 �� of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy bulb milling cutters to carry out essence Milling Machining. Adopt the advantage of 4 �� of taper ball head milling cutters to be that this milling cutter can carry out returning mill and repeatedly uses, and return mill qualification rate and can reach 100%. Greatly reduce the Milling Machining cost of charp tool.
The specific process of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) open type processing is rough milled: 1. region adopts blade slightly to slot processing along long-pending folded direction of principal axis 4, adopt and little cut feeding facing cut processing technology processing dark, big, this part is slightly slotted and is not comprised the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts bulb milling cutter along blade profile direction skin processing;
Adopt and little cut feeding facing cut processing technology dark, big, bore milling before instead of and add spiral milling skin processing mode. By verification experimental verification, the unidirectional milling of cone surface: blade back consumes minimum along inverse gang cutter sheet from trailing edge to leading edge, after first leaf basin, and linear velocity can reach 60m/min. But owing to blade front and rear edge part cutter shaft changes too greatly, cutter is comparatively complicated by power, the serious curtailment cutter life of facing cut cutter, and therefore, this part is slightly slotted and do not comprised the processing of blade front and rear edge, front and rear edge employing bulb milling cutter is along blade profile direction skin processing. Facing cut cutter cutter structure figure is shown in accompanying drawing 2, and tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 3.
(2) the enclosed processing rough milled: 2. 3. region adopts and docks milling along engine axis direction 5, brill milling is adopted to add the processing of thick mode of grooving, bore the interference problem at non-cutting position when Milling Machining is to avoid slightly slotting, thick fluting employing is little cuts feeding facing cut light adjusting technique dark, big, adopt U-shaped cutter track, linear velocity can reach 60m/min, and tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 4;
(3) essence milling open type processing: 1. region adopts along the long-pending folded spiral processing of direction of principal axis 4, all adopts four swords of �� 16 with 4 �� of taperings or the processing of six sword whole hard alloy bulb milling cutters, and linear velocity can reach 140m/min. Four swords or six sword whole hard alloy ball end mill structure figure with 4 �� of taperings are shown in accompanying drawing 5, and tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 6;
(4) the enclosed processing of essence milling: 2. 3. region adopts along the reciprocating processing in engine axis direction 5, adopts four swords of 4 �� of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy bulb milling cutters back and forth to process, and linear velocity can reach 140m/min. Tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 7.
Wherein:
1. region: the region of the certain distance that refers to extend internally from blade outer end along long-pending folded direction of principal axis (4);
2. region: refer to extend inwardly to root of blade from 1. region, according to axis direction (5) to the region of lower extension;
3. region: refer to extend inwardly to root of blade from 1. region, the region extended from bottom to up according to axis direction (5);
1. region, 2. region all connect with 3. region.
The present invention adopts the combination NC milling technique of unshrouded impeller+trash-type impeller to meet long cantilever, big torsional angle, wide string blade and non-linear runner open type integral wheel process requirements, and the rough milling cycle improves 50%, and the essence Milling Machining cycle improves 55%. The program has saves Tool Design and the advantage in manufacturing cost and cycle, and strengthens cutter rigidity. Essence milling adopts the whole hard sphere cutter of tapering can carry out more than 20 times return and sharpens use, saves essence milling cutter expense and reaches more than 60%, and total cutter cost saving is about 35%. Essence milling rear surface roughness brings up to present Ra1.6 by original Ra3.2.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 process zone and direction schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 facing cut cutter and blade enlarged view;
Fig. 3 open type is slightly slotted facing cut cutter tool track;
Fig. 4 enclosed is slightly slotted facing cut cutter tool track;
Fig. 5 band 4 �� of taper ball head milling cutter construction schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 essence milling open type spiral milling tool track;
Fig. 7 essence reciprocating tool track of milling open type.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Large-scale axial flow type integral wheel specific process is as follows:
(1) open type processing is rough milled: as shown in Figure 1,1. region adopts blade slightly to slot processing along long-pending folded direction of principal axis 4, adopting and little cut feeding facing cut processing technology processing dark, big, this part is slightly slotted and is not comprised the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts bulb milling cutter along blade profile direction skin processing; Facing cut cutter cutter structure figure used is shown in Fig. 2, and tool track is shown in Fig. 3.
(2) the enclosed processing rough milled: 2. 3. region adopts and docks milling along engine axis direction 5, employing is bored milling and is added the processing of thick mode of grooving, and thick fluting employing is little cuts feeding facing cut light adjusting technique dark, big, adopts U-shaped cutter track, and tool track is shown in Fig. 4;
(3) essence milling open type processing: 1. region adopts along the long-pending folded spiral processing of direction of principal axis 4, all adopts four swords of �� 16 with 4 �� of taperings or the processing of six swords whole hard alloy bulb milling cutter (structure is shown in Fig. 5), and tool track is shown in Fig. 6;
(4) the enclosed processing of essence milling: 2. 3. region adopts along the reciprocating processing in engine axis direction 5, adopts four swords of 4 �� of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy bulb milling cutters back and forth to process, and tool track is shown in Fig. 7.
Processing its surfaceness of gained impeller brings up to Ra1.6 by original Ra3.2, and overall processing efficiency improves 50%.
Above-described embodiment, only for the technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to allow person skilled in the art can understand the content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this. All equivalences done according to spirit of the invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, it is characterized in that, unshrouded impeller and trash-type impeller combination milling method is adopted to process, wherein the open type part milling method of impeller is: blade stacking direction of principal axis unshrouded impeller slightly slots+and spiral milling essence Milling Machining, impeller enclosed part milling method is: engine axis direction slightly slots+and reciprocating essence Milling Machining, specific process is as follows:
(1) open type processing is rough milled: 1. region adopts blade slightly to slot processing along long-pending folded direction of principal axis (4), adopt and little cut feeding facing cut processing technology processing dark, big, this part is slightly slotted and is not comprised the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts bulb milling cutter along blade profile direction skin processing;
(2) the enclosed processing rough milled: 2. 3. region adopts and docks milling along engine axis direction (5), employing is bored milling and is added the processing of thick mode of grooving, and thick fluting employing is little cuts feeding facing cut light adjusting technique dark, big, adopts U-shaped cutter track;
(3) essence milling open type processing: 1. region adopts along long-pending folded direction of principal axis (4) spiral processing, all adopts four swords of �� 16 with 4 �� of taperings or the processing of six sword whole hard alloy bulb milling cutters;
(4) the enclosed processing of essence milling: 2. 3. region adopts along engine axis direction (5) reciprocating processing, adopts four swords of 4 �� of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy bulb milling cutters back and forth to process;
Wherein:
1. region: the region of the certain distance that refers to extend internally from blade outer end along long-pending folded direction of principal axis (4);
2. region: refer to extend inwardly to root of blade from 1. region, according to axis direction (5) to the region of lower extension;
3. region: refer to extend inwardly to root of blade from 1. region, the region extended from bottom to up according to axis direction (5);
1. region, 2. region all connect with 3. region.
2. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when slightly slotting, stay 2mm surplus on each surface of runner and blade.
3. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described essence Milling Machining is divided into semi-finishing and precision work two portions, wherein semi-finishing stays 0.2mm surplus to precision work, and during precision work, blade adopts and processes without surplus mode.
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| CN104668916A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for improving manufacturing precision of large-curvature curved-surface closed integral impeller made of aluminum alloy material |
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| CN106216748B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-09 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
| CN106271459A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨东安发动机（集团）有限公司 | The processing method of complex-curved integral wheel |
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| CN108829030B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-08-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Characteristic tool path optimization method for blade root of integral impeller |
| CN110744112B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-08-28 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction milling method for large-torsion variable-fillet blade profile of integral impeller |
| CN111113092B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-22 | 中国航发湖南南方宇航工业有限公司 | Method for machining impeller blades under clamping of integral impeller clamp |
| CN112404539A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-26 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Blisk rough milling method |
| CN113458466A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-01 | 云南昆船机械制造有限公司 | One-step forming processing method for integral large-side inclined propeller by 360-degree spiral circular cutting in space |
| CN114192857B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-03-28 | 台州中驰智谷科技有限公司 | Cutter for machining aero-engine impeller |
| CN114406618A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 贵州新安航空机械有限责任公司 | Machining process of integral impeller for cooling fan |
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Address after: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee after: Chinese Hangfa Shenyang Liming Aero engine limited liability company Address before: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee before: Liming Aeroplane Engine (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenyang City |