CN103611974A - Machining method for large-size axial flow type integral impeller - Google Patents
Machining method for large-size axial flow type integral impeller Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a machining method for a large-size axial flow type integral impeller. The machining method is characterized by adopting an open type and close type impeller combined machining method to machine, wherein an open type partial milling method of the impeller comprises the steps of carrying out open type impeller rough slotting in a blade overlapping shaft direction and carrying out finish-milling machining by spirally milling; a closed type partial milling method of the impeller comprises the steps of roughly slotting along the axis direction of an engine and carrying out reciprocating type finish-milling machining; namely, the front half section of a blade profile is subjected to slotting and spiral milling, and the back half section to a blade root of the blade profile are subjected to butt joint slotting and reciprocating type milling. According to the method, the machining efficiency of the large-size axial flow type integral impeller can be improved, the surface quality of a blade part is improved and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical manufacturing field, a kind of novel processing method of large-scale axial flow type integral wheel is provided especially.
Background technology
Raising along with the requirement of aero-engine thrust-weight ratio, the application of large-scale axial flow type integral wheel is more and more extensive, although large-scale axial flow type integral wheel is open architecture, but due to blade dimensions super large, the about 300mm of blade maximum length, the about 219mm of greatest width dimension, 62 ° of Maximal twist angles, easy stress deformation, opening character is poor, it is a kind of typical wide string, large torsional angle, long cantilever, narrow dark cavity configuration, its NC Milling difficulty is very large, processing characteristic has: tool draw ratio is large (as adopted routinely the one-sided milling processing technology of open type leaf dish, milling cutter is 350mm left and right), process Leaf cantilever and cutter coupled vibrations are very serious, large torsional angle and narrow dark cavity configuration have caused tool to produce sharply reducing of severe interference and tool diameter, indirectly increased again cutter draw ratio simultaneously.Along with the sharply increase of cutter draw ratio, the coupled vibrations of cutter and blade cantilever has seriously reduced the milling crudy of blade surface, has reduced working (machining) efficiency, simultaneously, due to the increasing of vibration in processing, cutter life also sharply shortens, and has directly increased again the cost of charp tool.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, the method can improve large-scale axial flow type integral wheel working (machining) efficiency, improves blade part site surface quality and reduces production costs.
The present invention specifically provides a kind of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, it is characterized in that, adopt open type and double shrouded wheel combinational processing method to process, wherein the open type part milling method of impeller is: the processing of slightly slot+helical milling of blade stacking direction of principal axis unshrouded impeller finish-milling, impeller enclosed part milling method is: the slightly slot+reciprocating finish-milling processing of engine axis direction.In the slot+helical milling of first half section of blade profile, the second half section of blade profile to blade root is docking fluting+back and forth milling.
Thick fluting: because material removing rate is larger, increased blade position machining stress, for the loss that after the heat treatment that reduces to eliminate stress, part deformation causes, stayed 2mm surplus at runner and each surface of blade.Open type part milling method is that blade stacking direction of principal axis is slightly slotted (account for machining area 60%), and enclosed part milling method adopts engine axis direction to bore milling overstriking fluting (account for 40% of machining area, comprise runner position).
Finish-milling processing: be divided into semifinishing and fine finishining two parts.Half finish-milling stays 0.2mm surplus to finish-milling, considers in process the cutter relieving phenomenon causing due to the wearing and tearing of cutter and along with the increase of cutter draw ratio, and finish-milling adds man-hour blade and adopts and process without surplus mode.Open type part milling method is that blade stacking direction of principal axis spiral half finish-milling adds spiral finish-milling (account for machining area 65%), enclosed part milling method adopts reciprocating half finish-milling of engine axis direction to add reciprocating finish-milling processing (account for 35% of machining area, comprise runner position).
In impeller open type part milling process, because blade front and rear edge part cutter shaft changes too greatly, cutter is accepted comparatively complicated, seriously shortened cutter life, therefore, thick fluting does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge, and blade front and rear edge adopts four swords or the six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters with 4 ° of taperings to carry out finish-milling processing.The advantage that adopts 4 ° of taper ball head milling cutters is that this milling cutter can return mill and repeatedly uses, and returns mill qualification rate and can reach 100%.Greatly reduce milling process tool cost.
The specific process of large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method of the present invention is as follows:
(1) rough mill open type processing: 1. region adopts blade along the thick fluting processing of long-pending folded direction of principal axis 4, adopt little cutting-in, the processing of roughing feed facing cut process technology, the thick fluting of this part does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts rose cutter to process along blade profile direction polishing;
Adopt little cutting-in, roughing feed facing cut process technology, replaced former brill milling and added helical milling polishing processing mode.By verification experimental verification, the unidirectional milling of taper seat: blade back consumes minimumly along contrary cutter block sheet from trailing edge to leading edge, after first leaf basin, and linear velocity can reach 60m/min.But because blade front and rear edge part cutter shaft changes too greatly, cutter is stressed comparatively complicated, has seriously shortened the cutter life of face milling cutters, and therefore, the thick fluting of this part does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts rose cutter to process along blade profile direction polishing.Face milling cutters cutter structure figure is shown in accompanying drawing 2, and tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 3.
(2) the enclosed processing of rough milling: 2. 3. region adopts along the 5 docking millings of engine axis direction, adopt and bore the processing of milling overstriking mode of grooving, the interference problem at non-cutting position while boring milling processing and be for fear of thick fluting, thick fluting adopts little cutting-in, roughing feed facing cut Surface Finishing, adopt U-shaped cutter path, linear velocity can reach 60m/min, and tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 4;
(3) finish-milling open type processing: 1. region adopts along the long-pending folded spiral processing of direction of principal axis 4, all adopts Φ 16 with four swords or the processing of six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters of 4 ° of taperings, and linear velocity can reach 140m/min.Accompanying drawing 5 is shown in by four swords or six sword whole hard alloy rose cutter structure charts with 4 ° of taperings, and tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 6;
(4) enclosed of finish-milling processing: 2. 3. region adopts along the reciprocating processing of engine axis direction 5, adopts four swords of 4 ° of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters back and forth to process, and linear velocity can reach 140m/min.Tool track is shown in accompanying drawing 7.
The present invention adopts the combination numerical control Milling Process technique of unshrouded impeller+double shrouded wheel to meet long cantilever, large torsional angle, wide string blade and non-linear runner open type integral Impeller Machining demand, and the rough milling cycle improves 50%, and the finish-milling process-cycle improves 55%.This scheme has advantages of the Tool Design of saving and manufacturing cost and cycle, and strengthens cutter rigidity.Finish-milling adopts the whole hard sphere cutter of tapering can carry out 20 above returning and sharpens use, saves finish-milling cutter expense and reaches more than 60%, and total cutter cost saving is in 35% left and right.Finish-milling rear surface roughness is brought up to present Ra1.6 by original Ra3.2.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 machining area and direction schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 facing cut cutter and blade enlarged drawing;
Fig. 3 open type face milling cutters tool track of slightly slotting;
Fig. 4 enclosed face milling cutters tool track of slightly slotting;
4 ° of taper ball head milling cutter construction schematic diagrames of Fig. 5 band;
Fig. 6 finish-milling open auger milling tool track;
The reciprocating tool track of Fig. 7 finish-milling open type.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Large-scale axial flow type integral wheel specific process is as follows:
(1) rough mill open type processing: as shown in Figure 1,1. region adopts blade along the thick fluting processing of long-pending folded direction of principal axis 4, adopt little cutting-in, the processing of roughing feed facing cut process technology, the thick fluting of this part does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts rose cutter to process along blade profile direction polishing; Face milling cutters cutter structure figure used is shown in Fig. 2, and tool track is shown in Fig. 3.
(2) the enclosed processing of rough milling: 2. 3. region adopts along the 5 docking millings of engine axis direction, adopts and bores the processing of milling overstriking mode of grooving, and thick fluting adopts little cutting-in, roughing feed facing cut Surface Finishing, adopts U-shaped cutter path, and tool track is shown in Fig. 4;
(3) finish-milling open type processing: 1. region adopts along the long-pending folded spiral processing of direction of principal axis 4, all adopts Φ 16 with four swords or the processing of six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters (structure is shown in Fig. 5) of 4 ° of taperings, and tool track is shown in Fig. 6;
(4) enclosed of finish-milling processing: 2. 3. region adopts along the reciprocating processing of engine axis direction 5, adopts four swords of 4 ° of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters back and forth to process, and tool track is shown in Fig. 7.
Machining obtains its surface roughness of impeller and brings up to Ra1.6 by original Ra3.2, and whole working (machining) efficiency improves 50%.
Above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences that Spirit Essence is done according to the present invention change or modify, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method, it is characterized in that, adopt unshrouded impeller and double shrouded wheel combination milling method to process, wherein the open type part milling method of impeller is: the processing of slightly slot+helical milling of blade stacking direction of principal axis unshrouded impeller finish-milling, impeller enclosed part milling method is: the slightly slot+reciprocating finish-milling processing of engine axis direction.
2. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when thick fluting, at runner and each surface of blade, stay 2mm surplus.
3. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described finish-milling processing is divided into semifinishing and fine finishining two parts, wherein semifinishing is stayed 0.2mm surplus to fine finishining, and during fine finishining, blade adopts and processes without surplus mode.
4. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the open type part milling method of impeller, thick fluting does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge.
5. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: in the open type part milling method of impeller, blade front and rear edge adopts four swords or the six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters with 4 ° of taperings to carry out finish-milling processing.
6. according to large-scale axial flow type integral impeller processing method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, specific process is as follows:
(1) rough mill open type processing: 1. region adopts blade along the thick fluting processing of long-pending folded direction of principal axis 4, adopt little cutting-in, the processing of roughing feed facing cut process technology, the thick fluting of this part does not comprise the processing of blade front and rear edge, and front and rear edge adopts rose cutter to process along blade profile direction polishing;
(2) the enclosed processing of rough milling: 2. 3. region adopts along the 5 docking millings of engine axis direction, adopts and bores the processing of milling overstriking mode of grooving, and thick fluting adopts little cutting-in, roughing feed facing cut Surface Finishing, adopts U-shaped cutter path;
(3) finish-milling open type processing: 1. region adopts along the long-pending folded spiral processing of direction of principal axis 4, all adopts Φ 16 with four swords or the processing of six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters of 4 ° of taperings;
(4) enclosed of finish-milling processing: 2. 3. region adopts along the reciprocating processing of engine axis direction 5, adopts four swords of 4 ° of taperings or six sword whole hard alloy rose cutters back and forth to process.
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CN104588681A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-05-06 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Turning technique for long spoke portion of integral impeller |
CN104668916A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for improving manufacturing precision of large-curvature curved-surface closed integral impeller made of aluminum alloy material |
CN105033338A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-11 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Machining method for forming centripetal notches in titanium alloy and glass fiber reinforced plastic composite conical part |
CN105345414A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 | Machining method of internal flow passage of impeller cover applied to aero-engine |
CN106216748A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
CN106271459A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 | The processing method of complex-curved integral wheel |
CN107931678A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of half casing taper surface high speed milling method of high temperature alloy point |
CN108829030A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of feature knife rail optimization method of integral wheel blade root |
CN110744112A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-04 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction milling method for large-torsion variable-fillet blade profile of integral impeller |
CN111113092A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 中国航发湖南南方宇航工业有限公司 | Method for machining impeller blades under clamping of integral impeller clamp |
CN112404539A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-26 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Blisk rough milling method |
CN113458466A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-01 | 云南昆船机械制造有限公司 | One-step forming processing method for integral large-side inclined propeller by 360-degree spiral circular cutting in space |
CN114192857A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 台州中驰智谷科技有限公司 | Cutter for machining aero-engine impeller |
CN114406618A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 贵州新安航空机械有限责任公司 | Machining process of integral impeller for cooling fan |
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EP2275218A1 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2011-01-19 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Method for processing the rotor of a turbine and device for implementing the method |
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CN102489761A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 上海交通大学 | High-efficiency machining method for half-open centrifugal type integral impeller with long and short blades |
CN102806380A (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2012-12-05 | 西北工业大学 | Method for compositely roughing open type integral vane disk passage |
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CN104588681A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-05-06 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Turning technique for long spoke portion of integral impeller |
CN104668916A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 上海应用技术学院 | Method for improving manufacturing precision of large-curvature curved-surface closed integral impeller made of aluminum alloy material |
CN105033338A (en) * | 2015-08-10 | 2015-11-11 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Machining method for forming centripetal notches in titanium alloy and glass fiber reinforced plastic composite conical part |
CN105345414A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-02-24 | 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 | Machining method of internal flow passage of impeller cover applied to aero-engine |
CN106216748A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2016-12-14 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
CN106216748B (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-09 | 苏州千机智能技术有限公司 | Open type integrated impeller blade milling method |
CN106271459A (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2017-01-04 | 哈尔滨东安发动机(集团)有限公司 | The processing method of complex-curved integral wheel |
CN107931678A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-04-20 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | A kind of half casing taper surface high speed milling method of high temperature alloy point |
CN108829030A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-16 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of feature knife rail optimization method of integral wheel blade root |
CN108829030B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2021-08-20 | 昆明理工大学 | Characteristic tool path optimization method for blade root of integral impeller |
CN110744112A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-04 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction milling method for large-torsion variable-fillet blade profile of integral impeller |
CN110744112B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-08-28 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction milling method for large-torsion variable-fillet blade profile of integral impeller |
CN111113092A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-08 | 中国航发湖南南方宇航工业有限公司 | Method for machining impeller blades under clamping of integral impeller clamp |
CN111113092B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-06-22 | 中国航发湖南南方宇航工业有限公司 | Method for machining impeller blades under clamping of integral impeller clamp |
CN112404539A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-26 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Blisk rough milling method |
CN113458466A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-01 | 云南昆船机械制造有限公司 | One-step forming processing method for integral large-side inclined propeller by 360-degree spiral circular cutting in space |
CN114192857A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-18 | 台州中驰智谷科技有限公司 | Cutter for machining aero-engine impeller |
CN114406618A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-29 | 贵州新安航空机械有限责任公司 | Machining process of integral impeller for cooling fan |
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Address after: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee after: Chinese Hangfa Shenyang Liming Aero engine limited liability company Address before: 110043 Dong TA street, Dadong District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, No. 6 Patentee before: Liming Aeroplane Engine (Group) Co., Ltd., Shenyang City |