CN103600814A - Framed full-autonomous marine environment monitoring buoy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a frame-type fully autonomous marine environment monitoring buoy. The bottom of the floating body above the sea surface is vertically connected to the frame-type base below the sea surface through a frame-type pillar, and the upper part of the floating body is equipped with a satellite antenna, a wind direction sensor, a wind speed sensor, and a solar panel; There is a central control center, a pair of meshing gears, a battery, a GPS module, a switchboard, a generator and a hub in the cavity of the floating body; the three measurement panels directly below the floating body are located on the sea surface and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction and connected to the gear shaft In the lower part, the upper end of the gear shaft extends into the floating body and connects a pair of meshing gears, which are connected to the generator; distributed wave measurement sensors are arranged on each measurement panel; the center of the frame base is equipped with a reserve buoyancy In the cabin, four propellers are evenly arranged around the frame base; effectively reducing the impact of waves on the floating body, realizing all-weather operation and high-precision fixed-point measurement, with excellent stability and self-righting function.

Description

A frame-type fully autonomous marine environment monitoring buoy

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of marine environment monitoring, in particular to an autonomously controlled marine environment monitoring buoy suitable for deep sea and open sea.

Background technique

With the development of marine technology and the continuous development of marine resources, the monitoring of wave parameters is particularly important. At present, wave measuring buoys are mostly used to monitor near-coast and mid-to-long-distance waves. Wave measuring buoys are fixed on the seabed by mooring systems, collect data through sensors at sea, and then transmit the collected data to the shore. The data are processed to invert oceanic parameters. The defects of this kind of wave measuring buoy are: firstly, because it is fixed by anchoring, its measurement in deep sea and open sea is greatly restricted, and it is not suitable for deep sea and areas that are too far from the coast; It is difficult to achieve high-precision fixed-point observation; third, it is difficult to install and transport, the availability rate is low, and it is difficult to recycle.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of frame-type fully autonomous marine environment monitoring buoy, which is not only suitable for offshore observation, but also can be applied to fixed-point marine environment monitoring in deep sea and far sea. The functions of convenient transportation, high efficiency, autonomy and all-weather operation. the

The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: comprising a floating body above the sea surface, the floating body is a sealed hollow structure, the bottom of the floating body is vertically connected to the frame-type base below the sea surface through a frame-type pillar, and the upper part of the floating body is provided with a satellite antenna, a wind direction sensor, Wind speed sensor, solar panel; there are centralized control center, a pair of meshing gears, battery, GPS module, distribution board, generator and hub in the cavity of the floating body; there are three measuring panels and gear shafts directly below the floating body, three The measurement panels are located on the sea surface and are evenly distributed along the circumference and connected to the lower part of the gear shaft. The upper end of the gear shaft extends into the floating body and connects to a pair of meshing gears. A pair of meshing gears are connected to the generator at the same time; on each measurement panel Distributed wave measurement sensors are arranged; a reserve buoyancy chamber is arranged in the center of the frame base, and four propellers are evenly arranged around the outside of the frame base, and each propeller is correspondingly connected to a main engine; solar panels and power generation The machines are electrically connected to the battery respectively, and the battery is electrically connected to the centralized control center, GPS module, host, wind direction sensor, and wind speed sensor through the distribution board; the wave measurement sensor, GPS module, host, wind direction sensor, and wind speed sensor are all connected to the centralized control center through a hub , the centralized control center sends the data to the shore-based control center through the satellite antenna.

Compared with the existing wave measuring buoy, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The present invention can not only use the solar panels on the floating body to collect solar energy, but also use three measuring panels and generators to collect wave energy, which can effectively overcome the shortcomings of the current conventional anchored buoys with limited working area and low working efficiency , to achieve round-the-clock operation.

2. The present invention is based on the relevant knowledge of wave theory. The intensity of waves decreases rapidly with the depth of water, and the intensity of waves in the depth region of 0.5 times the wavelength is basically zero. Therefore, the length of the frame-type pillars is 0.5 times the local average wavelength. When the frame base is in calm waters, it can effectively reduce the influence of waves on the floating body.

3. The four propellers arranged on the frame base of the present invention can be adjusted according to real-time GPS coordinates to realize high-precision fixed-point measurement of buoys.

4. Most of the weight of the present invention is concentrated on the floating body. In order to improve its stability, the total weight of the frame base should make the center of gravity of the entire buoy lower than its buoyancy center, so that the buoy has excellent stability and self-righting function.

5. A reserve buoyancy chamber is provided in the middle of the frame base of the present invention to provide the required buoyancy for the entire buoy.

6. The fixed-point measurement of the buoy can be realized by rationally selecting the height of the frame-type pillar and real-time control of the propeller on the frame-type base.

7. The panel and frame base in the frame pillar can effectively enhance its seakeeping performance and have self-righting function.

8. The present invention adopts a frame structure, which is detachable, convenient for transportation and high in recycling rate. It can be applied not only to the monitoring of marine environment in the deep sea and far sea, but also to the hydrological observation of offshore lakes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is A-A view among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the B-B view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the C-C view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is the D-D view of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the present invention;

1—satellite antenna, 2—wind direction sensor, 3—wind speed sensor, 4—floating body, 5—gear shaft, 6—wave measurement sensor, 7—measurement panel, 8—frame pillar, 9—panel, 10—reserve buoyancy chamber , 11—frame base, 12—main engine, 13—propeller, 14—solar panel, 15—generator, 16—GPS module, 17—battery, 18—a pair of meshing gears, 19—centralized control center, 20— Hub, 21—distribution board, 22—sea surface.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figures 1-6, the present invention includes a floating body 4 located above the sea surface 22. The floating body 4 is a sealed hollow structure with a bow-shaped or improved bow-shaped longitudinal section. The base 11 is located under the sea surface 22, and the frame-type pillar 8 is vertically connected with the frame-type base 11 and the floating body 4. The frame-type pillar 8 and the frame-type base 11 are a frame structure made of a skeleton and an outer plate of lightweight materials (for example: carbon fiber composite material, aluminum alloy, etc.).

Satellite antenna 1, wind direction sensor 2, wind speed sensor 3, solar panel 14 and other equipment are arranged on the upper part of the floating body 4, and a centralized control center 19, a pair of meshing gears 18, a storage battery 17, a GPS module 16, a Electrical panel 21, generator 12, hub 20 and other equipment.

The lower part of the frame-type pillar 8 is directly connected to the frame-type base 11. The frame-type pillar 8 is composed of a plurality of modular units stacked up and down. Each module unit is composed of a panel 9 and four columns connecting the panel 9. Between each module unit It is composed of detachable connection structures such as bolts or flanges.

Three measuring panels 7 and the gear shaft 5 are installed directly below the floating body 4. The measuring panel 7 is a flat plate or a symmetrical airfoil. The three measuring panels 7 are located at the position of the sea surface 22. The three measuring panels 7 are evenly distributed and connected On the lower part of the gear shaft 5, the angle between the two measuring panels 7 is 120°, the upper end of the gear shaft 5 extends into the inside of the floating body 4, and connects a pair of meshing gears 18, which are connected to the generator 15 at the same time , The reduction ratio of a pair of meshing gears 18 is 1:5-10. Distributed wave measurement sensors 6 for measuring ocean environment information such as waves are arranged on each measurement panel 7 , and data transmission is performed through satellites.

The frame base 11 is mainly composed of light round tubes connected to each other. The cross-sectional view is approximately circular. Its weight should make the center of gravity of the entire buoy lower than its buoyancy center, so that the buoy has excellent stability and self-righting function. A reserve buoyancy chamber 10 is provided at the center of the frame base 11 to keep the buoy in a normal draft range and provide the required buoyancy of the whole buoy with force. Four propellers 13 are evenly arranged around the outside of the frame base 11, and each propeller 13 is connected to the corresponding main engine 12 through a panel on the frame. Type base 11 is fixedly connected. All internal redundant spaces are filled with light and heavy buoyancy materials, which greatly improves the anti-sinkability when damaged, and provides support for maintaining the working ability under damaged conditions.

Referring to Fig. 7, the solar panel 14 and the generator 12 are electrically connected to the storage battery 17 respectively, and the storage battery 17 is respectively electrically connected to the central control center 19, the GPS module 16, the host computer 12, the wind direction sensor 2, the wind speed sensor 3, etc. through the distribution board 21, to Each equipment is powered, and the feedback or measured data generated by the wave measurement sensor 6, GPS module 16, host computer 12, wind direction sensor 2, wind speed sensor 3, etc. are input to the centralized control center 19 through the hub 20, and the centralized control center 19 is opposite to the received data. The data is analyzed, processed and saved, and the centralized control center 19 simultaneously uses the satellite antenna 1 to send the data to the shore-based control center.

The present invention collects solar energy by utilizing the solar panel 14 on the floating body 4, utilizes the measuring panel 7 and the generator 15 to collect wave energy, and charges the storage battery 17 together, thereby realizing all-weather operation. Based on the relevant knowledge of wave theory, the intensity of waves decreases rapidly with the depth of water, and the intensity of waves is basically zero in the depth area of 0.5 wavelength. At this time, the frame base 11 is in calm waters, which can effectively reduce its influence by waves. The four propellers 13 arranged on the frame base 11 can adjust the position of the buoy in real time according to actual needs, so as to realize high-precision fixed-point observation. Comparing the real-time position coordinates provided by the GPS module 16 with the latitude and longitude information of the sea area to be measured provided by the shore-based control center, when a position deviation occurs, the buoy returns to the predetermined position by controlling the rotation of the four propellers 13 to realize autonomous positioning , High-precision fixed-point measurement. the

Claims (4)

1. the complete autonomous marine environmental monitoring buoy of a frame-type, comprise the buoyancy aid (4) that is positioned at top, sea, it is characterized in that: buoyancy aid (4) is the hollow structure of sealing, buoyancy aid (4) bottom is positioned at the frame-type base (11) under sea by vertical connection of frame-type pillar (8), and buoyancy aid (4) top is provided with satellite antenna (1), wind transducer (2), air velocity transducer (3), solar panel (14); In buoyancy aid (4) inner chamber, be provided with centralized control center (19), pair of engaged gears (18), storage battery (17), GPS module (16), electrical panel (21), electrical generator (12) and concentrator (20); Under buoyancy aid (4), be provided with three and measure panel (7) and gear wheel shaft (5), measure panels (7) for three and be positioned at the position on sea and along the circumferential direction uniform and be connected in part under gear wheel shaft (5), gear wheel shaft (5) upper end puts in buoyancy aid (4) inside and connects pair of engaged gears (18), and pair of engaged gears (18) connects electrical generator (15) simultaneously; At each, measure on panel (7) and be furnished with distributed wave measurement sensor (6); In frame-type base (11) centre, be provided with buoyancy reserving compartment (10), the surrounding outside frame-type base (11) has been evenly arranged four screw propellers (13), and each screw propeller (13) all correspondingly connects a main frame (12); Solar panel (14) and electrical generator (12) are electrically connected to respectively storage battery (17), and storage battery (17) is electrically connected to respectively centralized control center (19), GPS module (16), main frame (12), wind transducer (2), air velocity transducer (3) by electrical panel (21); Wave measurement sensor (6), GPS module (16), main frame (12), wind transducer (2), air velocity transducer (3) all connect centralized control center (19) by concentrator (20), and centralized control center (19) via satellite antenna (1) send to An Ji control center by data.

2. the complete autonomous marine environmental monitoring buoy of a kind of frame-type according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: frame-type pillar (8) is superposeed and forms removably up and down by a plurality of modular units, each modular unit forms with four columns that are connected panel by panel.

3. the complete autonomous marine environmental monitoring buoy of a kind of frame-type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the lower-upper length of frame-type pillar (8) is 0.5-2 times of measured marine site mean wavelength.

4. the complete autonomous marine environmental monitoring buoy of a kind of frame-type according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reduction ratio of pair of engaged gears (18) is 1:5-10.

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