CN103591509B - 一种背光源和显示装置 - Google Patents

一种背光源和显示装置 Download PDF

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CN103591509B
CN103591509B CN201310553742.2A CN201310553742A CN103591509B CN 103591509 B CN103591509 B CN 103591509B CN 201310553742 A CN201310553742 A CN 201310553742A CN 103591509 B CN103591509 B CN 103591509B
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laser diode
backlight
beam expander
wavelength laser
prism beam
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CN103591509A (zh
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王尚
杜志宏
张丽蕾
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2014/078017 priority patent/WO2015067027A1/zh
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
    • F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
    • F21K9/68—Details of reflectors forming part of the light source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F21V13/04—Combinations of only two kinds of elements the elements being reflectors and refractors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • F21V29/70—Cooling arrangements characterised by passive heat-dissipating elements, e.g. heat-sinks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
    • F21V5/02—Refractors for light sources of prismatic shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
    • F21V7/04—Optical design
    • F21V7/05—Optical design plane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133603—Direct backlight with LEDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Abstract

本发明公开了一种背光源和显示装置，其中背光源包括：单色激光二极管、反射板和扩束棱镜，单色激光二极管和扩束棱镜设置在所述反射板上，单色激光二极管发射的激光经过扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散。通过用激光二极管代替现有技术中的发光二极管作为背光源，由于激光二极管具有很好的单色性、具有相对于发光二极管小的多的发光角度和线偏振性、出光口较小的特点，单色激光二极管发射的单色激光通过扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散，得到红、绿、蓝三色背光源，由于激光具有很好的单色性和较高的色纯度，能够得到较好的液晶屏透过率。将上述背光源作为直下式背光源，构成显示装置，能够实现良好的彩色效果。

Description

一种背光源和显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，特别涉及一种背光源和显示装置。
背景技术
在传统的液晶显示装置中，背光源主要采用CCFL（Cold CathodeFluorescent Lamp，冷阴极萤光灯管）、LED（Light Emitting Diode，发光二极管）等作为背光源。
LED由于其高光效、体积小、单色性好、寿命长、可靠性高等优点已经成为当今照明和显示器背光源的主流，但是LED的光线特性和发光效率都一般，并且散热差。LED发出的光的波长具有一定的光谱范围，色纯度不高。CCFL能在低温时快速启动，易加工成各种形状，虽然具有高亮度，但是散热差、色纯度低。CCFL还存在最大的缺陷，就是来自光谱特性上的缺陷，CCFL色域小，只能达到NTSC（National Television Standards Committee，（美国）国家电视标准委员会）色域标准的72%。由于背光源发出的白色光线最后要经过RGB彩色滤光膜后才能实现成像，因此背光源发出的白光中R、G、B三原色光的波长（即三原色的纯度）将直接影响到显示器的色彩效果。从这个角度来说，CCFL发出的白光就不是一种光谱特性非常理想的光源。
综上所述对于传统的显示器，无论是LED光源作为背光源，还是CCFL作为背光源，都会存在的问题就是背光源发出的光单色性很差，导致色纯度不高。
发明内容
（一）要解决的技术问题
本发明要解决的技术问题是如何能提高背光源的单色性，提高背光源发射的光在液晶屏上的透过率。
（二）技术方案
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种背光源，包括：单色激光二极管、反射板和扩束棱镜，其中所述单色激光二极管和所述扩束棱镜设置在所述反射板上，所述单色激光二极管发射的单色激光经过所述扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散。
进一步地，所述单色激光二极管包括：红色激光二极管、绿色激光二极管、蓝色激光二极管，且所述红色激光二极管、绿色激光二极管、蓝色激光二极管并排放置在所述反射板上。
进一步地，所述红色激光二极管、所述绿色激光二极管、所述蓝色激光二极管分别通入不同强度的电流。
进一步地，所述扩束棱镜为全反射扩束棱镜。
进一步地，所述全反射扩束棱镜包括扩束面、折射面和全反射面，所述全反射扩束棱镜与所述反射板接触的面为所述折射面，与所述反射板具有夹角的倾斜面为所述全反射面，所述全反射面的顶部为具有弧度的扩束面。
进一步地，所述单色激光二极管焊接在所述反射板上，并将所述扩束棱镜和所述单色激光二极管与散热片集成在封装结构中。
进一步地，还包括：下增亮膜、上增亮膜和散射膜，所述下增亮膜设置在所述上增亮膜的下方，所述散射膜设置在得到上增亮膜的上方。
进一步地，所述下增亮膜和所述上增亮膜用一层增亮膜代替。
为解决上述问题，本发明还提供了一种显示装置，所述显示装置包括以上所述的背光源。
进一步地，所述背光源为直下式背光源。
（三）有益效果
本发明实施例提供的一种背光源，包括：单色激光二极管、反射板和扩束棱镜，单色激光二极管和扩束棱镜设置在所述反射板上，单色激光二极管发射的激光经过扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散。通过用激光二极管代替现有技术中的发光二极管作为背光源，由于激光二极管具有很好的单色性、具有相对于发光二极管小的多的发光角度和线偏振性、出光口较小的特点，单色激光二极管发射的单色激光通过扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散，得到红、绿、蓝三色背光源，由于激光具有很好的单色性和较高的色纯度，能够得到较好的液晶屏透过率。本发明还提供了一种显示装置，以上述背光源作为直下式背光源，能够实现良好的彩色效果。
附图说明
图1是激光二极管的结构示意图；
图2是激光二极管的发光原理图；
图3是本发明实施例中提供的一种背光源的侧面结构剖视图；
图4是本发明实施例中提供的一种背光源的立体结构图；
图5是本发明实施例中全反射扩束棱镜与单色激光二极管的结构和位置示意图；
图6是本发明实施例中激光经过全反射扩束镜形成的光路示意图；
图7是本发明实施例中激光经过全反射扩束镜形成的光路模拟图；
图8为本发明实施例中扩束棱镜、单色激光二极管和散热片封装结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
随着激光技术的发展，尤其是半导体激光技术的发展，激光二极管（Laser Diode，英文简称LD）在显示器和照明等应用领域相对于LED有一定的技术优势。例如：激光二极管具有接近于气体激光器的单色性，具有相对于LED小的多的发光角度和线偏振性，还具有出光口较小等特点。其中激光二极管的结构示意图如图1所示，在激光器中发生的辐射就是受激辐射，它发出的激光在频率、相位、偏振状态等方面完全一样。任何的受激发光系统，即有受激辐射，也有受激吸收，只有受激辐射占优势，才能把外来光放大而发出激光。激光二极管发光的原理示意图如图2所示。激光器中通入电流之后发生受激辐射，经过光学孔径向外发出激光，形成如图2所示的半功率线和主辐射瓣。
本发明实施例中用激光二极管代替原来的发光二极管作为背光源，因此本实施例中背光源的侧面结构剖视图如图3所示，包括：单色激光二极管9、反射板1和扩束棱镜2，其中所述单色激光二极管和所述扩束棱镜设置在所述反射板上，所述单色激光二极管发射的单色激光经过所述扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散。
上述背光源用单色激光二极管作为光源，单色激光二极管发射的激光经过扩束棱镜的发射实现光束扩散形成红、绿、蓝三原色背光源，具有很好的单色性，也具有较高的色纯度和液晶屏透过率。
优选地，本实施例中的单色激光二极管9包括：红色激光二极管3、绿色激光二极管4、蓝色激光二极管5，且红色激光二极管3、绿色激光二极管4、蓝色激光二极管5并排放置在反射板1上。对于红色激光二极管3、绿色激光二极管4、蓝色激光二极管5的排布方式如图4背光源立体结构示意图所示。三种不同颜色的激光二极管以较小的距离并排在一起，其中较小的距离是根据实际设计过程中的尺寸和特性要求决定的。
需要说明的是，本实施例中的红色激光二极管3、绿色激光二极管4、蓝色激光二极管5分别通入不同强度的电流，以克服由于不同光谱（即不同颜色）的激光二极管的发光效率对人眼所产生的亮度效果不同。
优选地，本实施例中的扩束棱镜为全反射扩束棱镜，对于激光扩束的方法有很多，本实施例中仅以棱镜扩束法为例进行说明。
由于棱镜材料的折射，使出射光方向与入射光方向不同，其入射角与棱镜顶角的变化可以引起光束宽度的改变，即对光束进行全反射，避免光由于折射造成利用率降低。
优选地，本实施例中的全反射扩束棱镜2包括扩束面21、折射面22和全反射面23，全反射扩束棱镜2与反射板1接触的面为折射面22，与反射板1具有夹角的倾斜面为全反射面23，全反射面的顶部为具有弧度的扩束面21。其中全反射扩束棱镜2与单色激光二极管9的结构和位置示意图如图5所示，单色激光二极管9位于反射板1上靠近折射面22的位置，形成的光路示意图如图6所示，光路模拟图如图7所示。
进一步地，本实施例中还可以将单色激光二极管9焊接在反射板1上，并将扩束棱镜2和单色激光二极管9与散热片13集成在封装结构中，如图8所示。其中的反射板1的材料选择导热性较好的金属材料，还可以直接利用将扩束棱镜2和单色激光二极管9与散热片13封装好的封装模块，实现直下式激光背光源。
另外，对于上述图3和图4中除了包括单色激光二极管9、反射板1和扩束棱镜2之外，还包括：下增亮膜6、上增亮膜7和散射膜8，下增亮膜6设置在上增亮膜7的下方，散射膜8设置在得到上增亮膜7的上方。
需要说明的是，对于下增亮膜6个上增亮膜7在实际应用中还可以根据需求用一层增亮膜进行代替。
综上所述，本发明实施例通过用激光二极管代替现有技术中的发光二极管作为背光源，由于激光二极管具有很好的单色性、具有相对于发光二极管小的多的发光角度和线偏振性、出光口较小的特点，单色激光二极管发射的单色激光通过扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散，得到红、绿、蓝三色背光源，由于激光具有很好的单色性和较高的色纯度，能够得到较好的液晶屏透过率。
基于上述背光源，本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述背光源。优选地，本实施例中的背光源为直下式背光源。该显示装置用激光作为光源，具有很好的单色性、较高的色纯度以及加好的液晶屏透过率，能够实现良好的彩色效果。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而并非对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴，本发明的专利保护范围应由权利要求限定。

Claims (10)

1.一种背光源，其特征在于，包括：单色激光二极管、反射板和扩束棱镜，其中所述单色激光二极管和所述扩束棱镜设置在所述反射板上，所述单色激光二极管发射的单色激光经过所述扩束棱镜的反射进行光束扩散。
2.如权利要求1所述的背光源，其特征在于，所述单色激光二极管包括：红色激光二极管、绿色激光二极管、蓝色激光二极管，且所述红色激光二极管、绿色激光二极管、蓝色激光二极管并排放置在所述反射板上。
3.如权利要求2所述的背光源，其特征在于，所述红色激光二极管、所述绿色激光二极管、所述蓝色激光二极管分别通入不同强度的电流。
4.如权利要求1所述的背光源，其特征在于，所述扩束棱镜为全反射扩束棱镜。
5.如权利要求4所述的背光源，其特征在于，所述全反射扩束棱镜包括扩束面、折射面和全反射面，所述全反射扩束棱镜与所述反射板具有夹角的且靠近所述单色激光二极管的倾斜面为所述折射面，与所述反射板具有夹角的且远离所述单色激光二极管的倾斜面为所述全反射面，所述全反射面的顶部为具有弧度的扩束面。
6.如权利要求1所述的背光源，其特征在于，所述单色激光二极管焊接在所述反射板上，并将所述扩束棱镜和所述单色激光二极管与散热片集成在封装结构中。
7.如权利要求1所述的背光源，其特征在于，还包括：下增亮膜、上增亮膜和散射膜，所述下增亮膜设置在所述上增亮膜的下方，所述散射膜设置在所述上增亮膜的上方。
8.如权利要求7所述的背光源，其特征在于，所述下增亮膜和所述上增亮膜用一层增亮膜代替。
9.一种显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置包括权利要求1-8所述的背光源。
10.如权利要求9所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述背光源为直下式背光源。
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