CN103590407A - Inverted-crown type tomb restoration construction method - Google Patents
Inverted-crown type tomb restoration construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103590407A CN103590407A CN201310583718.3A CN201310583718A CN103590407A CN 103590407 A CN103590407 A CN 103590407A CN 201310583718 A CN201310583718 A CN 201310583718A CN 103590407 A CN103590407 A CN 103590407A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an inverted-crown type tomb restoration construction method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) manual hole forming and pile pouring, (2) soil nailing wall construction, (3) enabling one end of one soil nail in the step (2) to be connected with a reinforcing cage in the step (1), and enabling the other end of one soil nail to extend out of a tomb wall, (4) pouring concrete or mortar into holes, (5) weaving reinforcing mesh sheets, (6) jetting facial layer concrete, (7) smearing soil simulation mud restoration soil. When damage and collapse appear in the inner side of the tomb wall, bag stacking earthwork grouting needs conducting at the same time in the soil nailing wall construction in the step (3). After the bag stacking earthwork grouting is conducted, the steps from (3) to (7) are repeated, and the tomb restoration is completed. The inverted-crown type tomb restoration construction method smoothly solves the difficult problems that an upper opening of a tomb is small, and a lower opening is large, recovers the original appearance of the tomb, provides visitors a real tomb of Western Zhou, does not damage cultural relics, and ensures the safety of the cultural relics.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to archaeology and Techniques of Relics Protection field, be specifically related to a kind of tomb of falling crown form hole and restore job practices.
Background technology
It is by north that ，Jin Hou graveyard, Shi Jinhou graveyard, core, Qu Cun-heavenly steed ruins is positioned at the center of cultural sites.From 1992 to 2000, carried out extensive excavation 6 times.Find 9 groups 19, Jin Houji madam's tomb and chariot pit buried with the dead, at that time in order to protect ruins, after excavation, original place protection or backfill protection have been carried out in ruins, nowadays will recover former tomb hole appearance, and the tomb hole of Western Zhou period is for upper young, and end opening is large, are " fall crown form ".
At present, for the recovery technique of caving in, destroying in tomb hole, it is to be mainly embodied in three aspects: the one, carry out original state maintenance, and its objective is for fear of suffering larger loss, but because geological environment changes, still there is the risk of cracking in tomb hole; The 2nd, adopt mud to repair, after adopting mud to repair, although temporarily guaranteed the safety of historical relic, do not recover the original appearance in grave; Museum of San Shi Beijing University and Shanxi archeologist adopt the method for chemical medicinal liquid injection original soil to repair, but cost is extremely expensive, and metachromatism appears in the original soil after reparation, causes with the original appearance in grave inharmonious.And there is no better recovery technique for the restorative procedure in " crown form " tomb hole.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above, provide a kind of tomb of falling crown form hole to restore job practices, the method not only can guarantee historical relic safety, and can recover the original appearance in grave, gives visitor a tomb hole true to nature.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A job practices is restored in hole, comprises the following steps:
(1) manual pore-forming's castinplace pile: in tomb hole, path leading to a grave, carry out artificial interval pore-forming around and between tomb hole and tomb hole, and in its hole install reinforcing cage and fixing;
(2) construction of soil-nailed wall: carry out artificial interval pore-forming in wall inner side, hole, tomb hole, and insert the soil nailing with 10-20 degree angles of inclination in its hole, the length of soil nailing will surpass the hole wall in tomb hole;
(3) one end of inserting the soil nailing in step (2) is connected with the reinforcing cage in step (1), and the other end stretches out tomb hole and cheats wall;
(4) to step (1) stake hole in fluid concrete, in the pore-forming of step (2), carry out slip casting;
(5) establishment reinforced mesh: at the soil nailing metope establishment reinforced mesh of step (2), this reinforced mesh and every soil nailing are " well " font and are welded on soil nailing head simultaneously;
(6) jet face layer concrete: spray composite soil on the reinforced mesh of step (5) establishment, surface layer does not process;
(7) smear original soil emulation mud and restore soil: to the concrete side walls of step (6), smear original soil emulation mud recovery soil and restore;
When wall inner side, hole, tomb hole occurs destroying, caves in, need in the construction of soil-nailed wall of step (2), carry out cubic metre of earth slip casting of code bag simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(a) earthwork that cleaning destroys, caves in causes original soil, and carries out artificial interval pore-forming in its original soil position, then implants the soil nailings at 10-20 degree angles of inclination, and the length of soil nailing will surpass the hole wall in tomb hole;
(b) in the vacant position of its step (a), pile up earth bag, and pile up built-in slip casting pipe and steel fabric sheet between earth bag at its at least two;
(c) by Grouting Pipe, carry out slip casting;
Complete after cubic metre of earth slip casting of above-mentioned code bag, repeating step (3)-(7), complete tomb hole and restore.
Further, in step (1), manual pore-forming's spacing is 1.6-4m, and at place, Qi Keng angle, spacing is less, larger in its tomb hole surrounding spacing.
Further, the galvanizing steel that the soil nailing using in step (2) adopts surface anticorrosion to process, level interval is 1500-2000mm, vertical spacing is 1500-2000mm.
Further, the soil nailing in step (2) adopts steel fixer to position.
Further, the specification of establishment reinforced mesh is 200mm * 200mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: it is upper young that " crown form " tomb hole recovery job practices has successfully solved tomb hole, the difficult problem order that end opening is large has also recovered the original appearance in grave simultaneously, gives one of the visitor Western Zhou Dynasty tomb hole true to nature, historical relic is not caused to damage simultaneously, guaranteed the safety of historical relic.
The specific embodiment
A job practices is restored in hole, comprises the following steps:
(1) manual pore-forming's castinplace pile: carry out artificial interval pore-forming around and between tomb hole and tomb hole in tomb hole, path leading to a grave, spacing is 1.6-4m, less in the place, angle, hole of its tomb hole surrounding spacing is 1.6m, at its tomb, cheat more greatly 2m of surrounding spacing, then in its hole, hang the reinforcing cage that a footpath is 1000mm and fix;
Manual pore-forming's construction all adopts artificial, in work progress, will protect historical relic, often observe the safety of hole wall, and it is perfectly safe to accomplish, wall limit, hole is carried out and gone along with sb. to guard him, and the earthwork cleaning out outward transport is in time forbidden at limit, hole mound.
During manual pore-forming, the Safety lamps and lanterns that shaft bottom illumination must be covered with low-tension supply (36V), band.On stake mouth, establish guardrail, simultaneously to underground ventilating, strengthen cross-ventilation, delivering oxygen, prevents the harm of toxic gas if desired.
The activity safety cover plate of horizontal translocation is installed in stake aperture, while having people to cut the earth in stake hole, should cover safety cover plate, prevents from that foreign material from falling down to pound people.Unrelated person must not be near stake limit, aperture.During handling soil, then open safety cover plate.
During install reinforcing cage, first welding topping reinforced steel bar ring before reinforcing cage is put into, is 50mm(reinforcing cage surrounding by designing requirement, establishes φ 16 earrings, as spacer pad on main muscle every 2m); During install reinforcing cage, mating holes position, directly hang and hold up surely, slowly sink, avoid colliding hole wall.When reinforcing cage is put into design attitude, fixing immediately.While meeting two sections of reinforcing cages connections, adopt overlap welding, two-sided welding, piece-ups stagger by 50%, correct to guarantee reinforcement location.
(2) construction of soil-nailed wall: carry out artificial interval pore-forming in wall inner side, hole, tomb hole, and insert the soil nailing with 15 degree in its hole, the length of soil nailing will surpass the hole wall in tomb hole;
In drilling construction process, should meet the following requirements: 1. hole wall should be straight, to lay reinforcing bar soil nailing and grout injection; 2. hole wall must not loosen the soil and collapse phenomenon, otherwise affects the bearing capacity of steel bar rod and soil nailing; 3. the degree of tilt of pore-forming is, the degree of depth of pore-forming, and the allowable variation of aperture and pitch-row meets code requirement.
Soil nailing adopts Ф 25 galvanizing steels, and (reinforcing bar employing preservative treatment), level interval 1500-2000mm, vertical spacing 1500-2000mm, accurate in order to guarantee soil nailing muscle position in hole, soil nailing adopts steel fixer to position.
(3) one end of inserting the soil nailing in step (2) is connected with the reinforcing cage in step (1), and the other end stretches out tomb hole and cheats wall;
(4) slip casting in hole: to step (1) stake hole in fluid concrete, in the pore-forming of step (2), carry out slip casting;
To fluid concrete in the stake hole of step (1), can use particle diameter to be not more than the stone of 50mm, the slump 80～100mm, ready mix concrete.With chute, add string bucket to concreting in stake hole.Concrete drop is not more than 2m.During concreting, should carry out continuously layering vibration compacting.Layer height is determined with the instrument of making firm by ramming, but should not be greater than 1.5m.
1., the activity of slip casting employing for the first time Grouting Pipe slip casting in the pore-forming of step (2) is adopted:; 2., Grouting Pipe adopts built-in pipe slip casting for the second time; 3., slip casting full after, aperture cement mortar shutoff.
(5) establishment reinforced mesh: at the soil nailing metope establishment 200mm * 200mm of step (2) reinforced mesh, the reinforcing bar of establishment reinforced mesh adopts Ф 8 round bars, after steel mesh reinforcement welding or colligation, adopt 4 Ф 16 indented barss, length 400mm, be " well " font with every soil nailing and be welded on soil nailing head, and be pressed on net sheet muscle.
(6) jet face layer concrete: spray composite soil on the reinforced mesh of step (5) establishment, surface layer does not process;
During construction; to protect the end, hole, prevent that concrete from infiltrating in soil, because tomb is cheated upper young; end opening is large; during sprayed mortar, the concrete slump is little, and lengthen the interval time of sprayed mortar a little; injection order from top to bottom; shower nozzle be subject to spray plane distance 0.6-1.0m, jet direction directly points to jet face, hole wall sprays the thick C25 steel concrete of 120mm.
(7) smear original soil emulation mud and restore soil: to the concrete side walls of step (6), smear original soil emulation mud recovery soil and restore; Emulation soil is sold by Shanxi Yi Jian group.
When wall inner side, hole, tomb hole occurs destroying, caves in, need in the construction of soil-nailed wall of step (2), carry out cubic metre of earth slip casting of code bag simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(a) earthwork that cleaning destroys, caves in causes original soil, and carries out artificial interval pore-forming in its original soil position, then implants the soil nailing at 15 degree angles of inclination, and the length of soil nailing will surpass the hole wall in tomb hole;
(b) in the vacant position of its step (a), pile up earth bag, and pile up built-in slip casting pipe and steel fabric sheet between earth bag at its at least two;
(c) by Grouting Pipe, carry out slip casting, the every 500mm of Grouting Pipe together;
Complete after cubic metre of earth slip casting of above-mentioned code bag, repeating step (3)-(7), complete tomb hole and restore.
Claims (5)
1. a job practices is restored in the tomb of falling crown form hole, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) manual pore-forming's castinplace pile: in tomb hole, path leading to a grave, carry out artificial interval pore-forming around and between tomb hole and tomb hole, and in its hole install reinforcing cage and fixing;
(2) construction of soil-nailed wall: carry out artificial interval pore-forming in wall inner side, hole, tomb hole, and insert the soil nailing with 10-20 degree angles of inclination in its hole, the length of soil nailing will surpass the hole wall in tomb hole;
(3) one end of inserting the soil nailing in step (2) is connected with the reinforcing cage in step (1), and the other end stretches out tomb hole and cheats wall;
(4) to step (1) stake hole in fluid concrete, in the pore-forming of step (2), carry out slip casting;
(5) establishment reinforced mesh: at the soil nailing metope establishment reinforced mesh of step (2), this reinforced mesh and every soil nailing are " well " font and are welded on soil nailing head simultaneously;
(6) jet face layer concrete: sprayed mortar on the reinforced mesh of working out to step (5), surface layer does not process;
(7) smear original soil emulation mud and restore soil: to the concrete side walls of step (6), smear original soil emulation mud recovery soil and restore;
When wall inner side, hole, tomb hole occurs destroying, caves in, need in the construction of soil-nailed wall of step (2), carry out cubic metre of earth slip casting of code bag simultaneously, specifically comprise the following steps:
(a) earthwork that cleaning destroys, caves in causes original soil, and carries out artificial interval pore-forming in its original soil position, then implants the soil nailings at 10-20 degree angles of inclination, and the length of soil nailing will surpass the hole wall in tomb hole;
(b) in the vacant position of its step (a), pile up earth bag, and pile up built-in slip casting pipe and steel fabric sheet between earth bag at its at least two;
(c) by Grouting Pipe, carry out slip casting;
Complete after cubic metre of earth slip casting of above-mentioned code bag, repeating step (3)-(7), complete tomb hole and restore.
2. job practices is restored in the tomb of falling crown form hole according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step (1), manual pore-forming's spacing is 1.6-4m, and at place, Qi Keng angle, spacing is less, larger in its tomb hole surrounding spacing.
3. job practices is restored in the tomb of falling crown form hole according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, and the galvanizing steel that the soil nailing using in step (2) adopts surface anticorrosion to process, level interval is 1500-2000mm, vertical spacing is 1500-2000mm.
4. job practices is restored in the tomb of falling crown form hole according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the soil nailing in step (2) adopts steel fixer to position.
5. job practices is restored in the tomb of falling crown form hole according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the specification of establishment reinforced mesh is 200mm * 200mm.
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| CN201310583718.3A CN103590407B (en) | 2013-11-15 | 2013-11-15 | A kind of tomb of falling crown form hole restoration construction method |
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| CN201310583718.3A CN103590407B (en) | 2013-11-15 | 2013-11-15 | A kind of tomb of falling crown form hole restoration construction method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113565149A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市中地建设工程有限公司 | Leaking stoppage construction method by external bar planting method between piles |
| CN113611202A (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2021-11-05 | 武汉点土石金环保科技有限公司 | Archaeological stratum section simulation display construction process and archaeological stratum section model |
| CN113719187A (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2021-11-30 | 武汉点土石金环保科技有限公司 | Open-air archaeology grave excavation simulation display construction process and simulation grave |
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| JPH01223270A (en) * | 1988-03-02 | 1989-09-06 | Shigemitsu Fujii | Foundation for tombstone |
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2013
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| DE3215153A1 (en) * | 1982-04-23 | 1983-11-03 | Beratende Ingenieure VBI Frank-Kauer-Raffelt GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn | Retaining structure and method of producing a retaining structure |
| JPH01223270A (en) * | 1988-03-02 | 1989-09-06 | Shigemitsu Fujii | Foundation for tombstone |
| CN1563609A (en) * | 2004-04-08 | 2005-01-12 | 王欣南 | Side slope, dam bank installation |
| CN101220594A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2008-07-16 | 苏州二建建筑集团有限公司 | Building foundation pit supporting construction |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113565149A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳市中地建设工程有限公司 | Leaking stoppage construction method by external bar planting method between piles |
| CN113611202A (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2021-11-05 | 武汉点土石金环保科技有限公司 | Archaeological stratum section simulation display construction process and archaeological stratum section model |
| CN113719187A (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2021-11-30 | 武汉点土石金环保科技有限公司 | Open-air archaeology grave excavation simulation display construction process and simulation grave |
| CN113719187B (en) * | 2021-08-21 | 2022-11-29 | 武汉点土石金环保科技有限公司 | Open-air archaeology grave excavation simulation display construction process and simulation grave |
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