CN103586109B - A kind of device for kitchen garbage breaking slurrying sorting - Google Patents

A kind of device for kitchen garbage breaking slurrying sorting Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103586109B
CN103586109B CN201210295497.5A CN201210295497A CN103586109B CN 103586109 B CN103586109 B CN 103586109B CN 201210295497 A CN201210295497 A CN 201210295497A CN 103586109 B CN103586109 B CN 103586109B
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axis
cavity
steel hammer
steel
inner core
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CN103586109A (en
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杨军华
宋燕民
王云飞
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Beijing Fairyland Environmental Technology Co ltd
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Shidai Taoyuan Environment Science And Technology Co Ltd Beijing
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of device of the broken slurrying sorting for changing food waste, comprise cavity, axis, steel hammer, inner core, charging aperture, serum outlet; Wherein there is the more than one axis driven by external impetus in cavity, cavity top is provided with charging aperture, inside cavity have one and chamber outer wall have the inner core of certain distance, inner core bottom is provided with sieve plate, and the cavity bottom between sieve plate and chamber outer wall is provided with serum outlet; Axis is provided with at least two row steel hammers, often the equal spiral of row steel hammer or array are uniformly distributed on axis; Steel hammer is tabular, has the cross section of rectangle, and the plane of flat board can rotate, and steel hammer has inclination angle relative between axis vertical plane, and steel hammer side is zigzag irregularly shaped for having.Utilize device of the present invention can realize the screening of the slurrying of changing food waste, the adjustment of water content and light materials, have that integrated degree is high, the advantage such as perfect in shape and function and compact conformation.

Description

A kind of device for kitchen garbage breaking slurrying sorting
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of garbage disposal, the device of particularly a kind of efficient kitchen garbage breaking slurrying sorting.
Background technology
Changing food waste, it is the sanitary waste that resident is formed in personal consumption process, its content of organics is abundant, moisture high (80-90%), perishable, easily environmental sanitation is made a very bad impression, and easily grow pathogenic microorganism, mycotoxin spreads germs and virus.Kitchen castoff has obvious resource characteristics and pollutant characteristic, but China lacks rational kitchen waste recycling machine system for a long time always, this not only result in environmental pollution, but also result in the food security Frequent Accidents such as " waste oil " and " rubbish pig ".Management system and the incentive mechanism of aspect such as to be transported, focus on by the recovery of Erecting and improving, recycling can be carried out to changing food waste, turn waste into wealth, turn harm into good, not only can develop a circular economy, also can solve the food-safety problem that kitchen castoff causes, avoid the phenomenons such as the waste oil backflow dining table of current appearance.
Changing food waste generally after fragmentation, desanding, grease separating treatment, then can be used generating, manufacture biodiesel etc. after anaerobic fermentation.Because changing food waste water content is comparatively large, makes it can not process as common rubbish, need special treating apparatus.After changing food waste is generally reclaimed by restaurant or community, need, through making beating process, to obtain the slurries after kitchen garbage breaking, that tentatively can remove the difficulty fragmentation in rubbish in the process is not suitable for entering into the material of subsequent treatment link with other.The slurries obtained are again through operations such as desanding, and the operation such as recovery and fermentation namely can carrying out grease is turned waste into wealth.Grease wherein can reclaim as biodiesel, and solid can be used as the raw material fermented, and produces biogas; Natural pond slag can be used as organic fertilizer; Also can the passing through with the material being not suitable for entering subsequent treatment link of difficulty fragmentation that even intermediate treatment obtains processes Footwall drift.Finally, achieve the recycling of all components, at utmost decrease the harm of changing food waste for environment.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent application of CN10225347A discloses a kind of hammer blade refuse grinder, and it is by the broken changing food waste of following mode: material be connected to the broken hammer handle in rotating shaft and the anvil cutter on wallboard collide, realization fragmentation; Softer flexible material then carries out shearing-crushing by the active shear blade be arranged on quartering hammer and the hammer passive shear blade of cutting in crusher chamber.There is following defect in this patent:
1, heavy substance is directly smashed without sorting, and this can cause mechanical wear, shortens equipment life, for material that cannot be broken, and such as iron block stone, fragmentation even can cause stuck by force, cause damage to motor;
2, light materials that cannot be broken can hinder shattering process, even can rest in crusher chamber and cannot discharge;
3, complex structure, causes dismounting inconvenient, causes difficult in maintenance, and easily go wrong.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one effectively can process changing food waste, be made into slurry and can the food waste treatment device of preliminary sorting.
In order to solve this technical problem, device of the present invention mainly comprises: cavity, axis, steel hammer, inner core, charging aperture, discharging opening, serum outlet, impurities outlet.
Described charging aperture is arranged on the top of cavity, and it is specifically set to the common practise of those skilled in the art, and shape can be circular or square.
Described cavity is a circular cylindrical cavity, inside there is a circular inner tube, certain distance is had between inner core and cavity, it also can be arranged to class Pear-Shaped that multiple circular cylindrical cavity is formed by connecting to improve separative efficiency, the axis being connected with steel hammer is had in each unit in this Pear-Shaped cavity, but the number of circular cylindrical cavity is too much unsuitable, otherwise slurrying separating effect declines on the contrary.
Described axis is the rotating shaft be connected on motor, and has the steel hammer of some mounted thereto in the axial direction.Steel hammer one end is fixed by bolts on axis, and one end then exists distance with inner core in addition.When motor drives central axis, there is fierce collision in the steel hammer be driven and the material entered, thus material is broken.Material after fragmentation is then thrown on inner core, inner core bottom is the sieve plate with sieve aperture, sieve plate and chamber outer wall also have certain space, material after fragmentation extruding and centrifugal force effect under, the chamber between cavity and inner core is entered into by sieve plate, finally slip down to the serum outlet place of cavity lower end, realize the broken slurrying sorting of changing food waste thus.Distance between the top of steel hammer and sieve plate or inner core is advisable with 50mm, and distance is crossed conference and reduced crush efficiency.
Along the minimum steel hammer arranging a row symmetry of axis axis direction, be recommended as 4 row.Steel hammer is tabular, and has the cross section of rectangle, and its side view is erose containing serrate structure for having, as shown in Figure 5.The upper end of dentalation is a rectangle or trapezoidal; When this structure is trapezoidal, trapezoidal the inner (trapezium base) slightly larger than outer end (trapezoidal top, with axis connecting place), preferably, the ratio of trapezoidal top and bottom is for being greater than 7:10(such as 3:4), junction can be caused when this ratio is too small too fragile.In addition, trapezoidal or rectangular elevation and trapezium base length of side ratio are 4 ~ 6:1, and the length of trapezoidal height and toothed segment is than being 1:1 ~ 3.The lower end of irregular structure is a broached-tooth design, and bottom also has one for fixing hole.In order to protect steel hammer not wear and tear by hard material, steel hammer makes to be fixed by bolts between two blocks, and when running into hard material, when such as iron block or stone, steel hammer will be flicked.Block and fixing bolt surface, and the corner of cavity and corner all should be smooth as much as possible, not outstanding or corner angle, to prevent the contact of the contact set, particularly fibrous material of rubbish.Herein, steel hammer both sides all can be connected on axis, when wearing and tearing in one end, it instead can be filled, continuing to use.
Steel hammer is in upright arrangement on axis to be installed, and is divided into is furnished with 4 row according to circumference, and each steel hammer and main shaft vertical plane have one to be no more than the angle of 8 °, can produce axial thrust, material can be moved forward when rotating.
Above-mentioned mounting means improves, and steel hammer helically can be installed on axle, can produce uniform thrust when rotating, and makes to pulverize more even, as shown in Figure 6.
Optionally, when changing food waste uses an axis and cannot fully pulverize, two or more main shafts can be set, extend the broken time and carry out alternately broken, improve crushing effect, and do not need too many steel hammer during material handling, now cavity respective change is aforesaid class Pear-Shaped cavity.
Described sieve plate is arranged on cavity bottom, flows out with slurries for sifting out of oarse-grained material.In order to ensure best crushing effect, only arrange sieve plate in the bottom of the inner core of Horizontal cylinder cavity, all the other inner cylindrical portion are only for the transport of changing food waste.Preferably, bottom has the part of sieve plate to account for 120 °, the 1/3(bottom arc of inner core circumference).On sieve plate the aperture of sieve aperture reduce gradually along mass transport direction or aperture constant, accordingly, the hole count of per unit area remains unchanged or diminishes gradually.Optionally, the present invention can also use screen-aperture, pitch-row fixes and equally distributed sieve plate.
In order to avoid light materials that cannot be broken is subject to floor lever of sieve tray retardance, a fan is installed in porch, the air stream from separator inlet to outlet can be produced, light materials is sent to outlet.Air mass flow size should be suitable for, light matter material can be blown afloat as good.
In order to avoid long fibrous materials is wrapped on steel hammer or axis, this device can use intermittent reversion in operation, and the Distance geometry time of reversion can set in advance, also can set after operation separator.
Run into the higher situation of solid content sometimes when being separated changing food waste, this situation can solve by arranging water-adding system at device portal place.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, the steel hammer of use activity not only reduces the degree of wear of machinery, and structure is simple, for convenience detach;
And the two sides of steel hammer all can use, face of can changing after a surface wear uses, and saves cost;
2, avoid sanitary fill not to be processed in a position, and can produce thrust, the rubbish that can not be broken is discharged;
3, be provided with fan, the light rubbish that can not be broken can be discharged; And axis rotating design can effectively prevent long fibre to be wound around;
4, the process of the higher rubbish of solid content can be carried out,
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 1 device
Fig. 2 is the profile of embodiment 1 device
Fig. 3 is the profile of embodiment 2 device
Fig. 4 is steel hammer schematic diagram, and wherein a is the A direction view of steel hammer, and b is the B direction view of steel hammer
Fig. 5 is the scheme of installation of the steel hammer of embodiment 1
Fig. 6 is the scheme of installation of the steel hammer of embodiment 2
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 illustrates two kinds of optimum embodiments of the present invention, its difference is that cavity have employed one (as Fig. 2) or 2 cylinders (as Fig. 3), and the difference of steel hammer mounting means (Fig. 5, Fig. 6), be introduced to these two kinds different devices below.
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, this device mainly comprises a charging aperture, a Horizontal cylinder shape cavity, axis and the superincumbent steel hammer of installation, serum outlet, inner core.
The cylinder of cavity to be a diameter be 70cm, have a cylindrical inner core in it, size is mated with it; Cavity is provided with charging aperture, and charging aperture is the circular hole of a diameter 30cm, can close when not charging, prevents foul smell from leaking.There are an axis in cavity central authorities, are connected in external motor, and axis can rotate and reverse.Have a circular inner tube in cavity, the distance of circular inner tube and chamber outer wall is 5cm.
Axis is provided with steel hammer, and as shown in Figure 4, its side (A view) is the rectangle of 20 × 200mm to steel hammer shape, sees then for tool is serrate irregularly shaped from another side (B view).Its top is one trapezoidal, and the trapezoidal upper length of side is 15mm, and the lower length of side is 19mm, trapezoidal height is 80mm, in distance, 15mm place, top also has a diameter to be the circular hole of 12mm, and fixing for steel hammer, the method being fixed steel hammer by the mode of bolt is the common practise of this area.Erose bottom is laciniation, it is similar to the first head-tail tail of multiple frustum (base to base-top margin to top margin) " connection " and forms, the elementary cell side-looking of frustum is herein trapezium structure, its shorter base is isometric, its longer base with interior outwards or in corresponding diagram from top to bottom, increase gradually, and also the circular hole that one diameter is 12mm is set at distance 15mm place, bottom.Steel hammer, through smooth treatment, can effectively reduce the winding of steel hammer for light materials such as clothes, improves crush efficiency; Steel hammer is fixing flexibly can effectively avoid steel hammer to smash.
Charging aperture place is also provided with water-adding system, and for improving the improvement of the separating substances effect of the higher changing food waste of solid content, the amount of the water added is determined according to the solid content of the material added.
The charging aperture side of circular cylindrical cavity is also provided with a fan, can produce air stream, and for light materials is sent to outlet, the size of the size of fan different according to handled rubbish from cavity and different, such as one suitable air-flow is 15m 3/ min; The nominal pressure of fan remains in certain scope, such as 34kPa.
Circular cylindrical cavity inner core is the sieve plate with sieve aperture, has chamber between sieve plate and chamber outer wall; The aperture of sieve aperture is 24mm in porch, is decreased to 10mm gradually or aperture is constant along mass transport direction, and accordingly, the hole count of per unit area remains unchanged or diminishes gradually.Optionally, the present invention can also use following stainless steel filtering net, and screen-aperture is 8mm, and pitch-row is between 12-16mm and be uniformly distributed.Sieve plate and steel hammer distance are 50mm, excessive, can affect separating effect, cause material to stagnate.The bottom of chamber is provided with serum outlet, and the slurries being entered chamber by sieve plate are flowed out by serum outlet.Sieve plate to be arranged on bottom inner core within the scope of 120 °, accounts for 1/3 of inner core circumference.Slurries enter after chamber through sieve plate and enter serum outlet through collecting again.
As shown in Figure 5, the steel hammer of some in the axial direction spiral-distributed form is installed on axis, and steel hammer mounting means is as follows: 4 row installed altogether by steel hammer, and 4 row are all arranged in upright arrangement, and steel hammer is circumferentially evenly arranged same; And spacing is 100mm on adjacent helix; The flat board of steel hammer or its place plane are 8 degree relative to the angle of inclination a of the axial vertical plane of axle, can produce certain thrust and rubbish is moved forward.
The tail end of circular cylindrical cavity arranges and has also been provided with a ring baffle, reduces the opening of cavity, effectively avoids organic matter slurries and flows out cavity, also can open the removing of rubbish of baffle plate for pulverizing.
The tail end of circular cylindrical cavity is also provided with impurities outlet, for the material discharger that can not be broken.
During work, material is entered in device by charging aperture.By motor-driven axis High Rotation Speed, there is fierce collision in the steel hammer be driven and the material entered into inside cavity, thus material is carried out fragmentation.Material after fragmentation is then thrown on disintegrating machine cavity, enters outer cavity by sieve plate, and is flowed out by the serum outlet of bottom.Be arranged in axis due to steel hammer and have certain inclination angle, a thrust forward can be formed when High Rotation Speed, material is pushed forward and moves while be broken, then be not pulled to cavity end by the material of sieve plate after material that cannot be broken and fragmentation, discharged by the impurities outlet being arranged on cavity end.For lighter material that can not be broken, the fan being arranged on charging aperture side can be used to be blown out.
Due to steel hammer may be wound around long fibrous materials, steply can reverse during operation, make to separate at the long fibrous materials of steel hammer or axle wound thereon.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1 unlike, two columniform cavitys are merged into the cavity (as shown in Figure 3) of a Pear-Shaped by the present invention, the cavity at charging aperture place and the cavity at discharging opening place are different cavity, its inner core is also set to Pear-Shaped accordingly, this device effectively can extend grinding time, contributes to the pulverizing of more difficult comminuting matter.
Simultaneously, as shown in Figure 6, this device is when reservation 4 row steel hammer, the mounting means of steel hammer is changed into helical to install, steel hammer is circumferentially uniformly distributed same, but the steel hammer of same row is on different helixes, the distance between two helixes is 150mm, and two steel hammer place circular cross-section spacing adjacent on same helical are 100mm.
Utilize the pulverizing that two kinds of above-mentioned devices can realize for changing food waste, and can remove the materials such as cloth silk plastics, the slurries utilizing device of the present invention to obtain may be used for the post processing of changing food waste, and obtain better effects.
According to above-mentioned explanation, those skilled in the art can expect the possibility of multiple amendment and adjustment, and is not only confined to foregoing, and some changes are as follows:
---remove fan or water-adding system;
---fix more than one steel hammer in the position of a steel hammer, such as 2;
---change the aperture of sieve plate, the rotating speed of axle, the size of steel hammer and shape etc.;
---change the installation quantity of steel hammer in every circumference, often the spiral angle of row steel hammer.

Claims (10)

1. for a device for kitchen garbage breaking slurrying sorting, comprising: cavity, axis, steel hammer, charging aperture, serum outlet, is characterized in that:
Described cavity top is provided with charging aperture, and have the more than one axis driven by external impetus in cavity, be provided with inner core in cavity, inner core bottom is provided with sieve plate, and the cavity bottom between inner core and chamber outer wall is provided with serum outlet;
Described axis is provided with at least one row steel hammer, steel hammer is fixed by bolts on axis, and often the equal spiral of row steel hammer or array are uniformly distributed on axis;
Described steel hammer is tabular, has the cross section of rectangle, and the flat board of steel hammer has inclination angle relative between axis vertical plane, and steel hammer side is zigzag irregularly shaped for having; Flat board being tilted within the scope of 1-20 degree relative to the plane vertical with axis of described steel hammer, and be arranged on be fixed on axis two blocks between, connect with spiral.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described axis number is 2.
3. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is not more than 50mm outside described steel hammer with the distance of inner core.
4. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sieve plate is stainless steel, and the screen-aperture on sieve plate is 8mm, and pitch-row, between 12-16mm, is uniformly distributed.
5. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sieve plate is positioned at inner core lower end.
6. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the feed end of described cavity is provided with fan, for the discharge of light materials that cannot be broken.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the position of charging aperture is provided with water-adding system.
8. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cavity tail end is connected with the ring baffle of a reduction cavity hatch.
9., according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1 ~ 8, it is characterized in that, described axis is provided with 4 row steel hammers with straight column mode, the flat board of steel hammer has the angle of 8 ° relative to the plane vertical with axis.
10., according to the arbitrary described device of claim 1 ~ 8, it is characterized in that, described axis is provided with in a spiral manner 4 row steel hammers, the flat board of steel hammer has the angle of 8 ° relative to the plane vertical with axis.
CN201210295497.5A 2012-08-17 2012-08-17 A kind of device for kitchen garbage breaking slurrying sorting Active CN103586109B (en)

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106077022B (en) * 2016-06-14 2021-04-02 深圳市朗坤环境集团股份有限公司 Resourceful treatment system for kitchen waste and farmer market garbage and process flow thereof
CN106077021B (en) * 2016-06-14 2020-10-30 深圳市朗坤环境集团股份有限公司 Kitchen waste and farmer market garbage resourceful treatment anaerobic fermentation system and method
CN106040344A (en) * 2016-07-12 2016-10-26 祁彦涛 Spiral pendulum hammer smashing and separating machine
CN106269804B (en) * 2016-10-03 2018-10-23 北京化工大学 A kind of city organic waste sorting process device
CN114392804A (en) * 2022-01-17 2022-04-26 苏州鸿本生物环保科技有限公司 Kitchen waste pulping device

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CN201493154U (en) * 2009-08-26 2010-06-02 湖北环宇美环境工程有限公司 Food waste processor
CN201669132U (en) * 2010-05-26 2010-12-15 深圳市兖能环保科技有限公司 Vegetable kitchen garbage mixing and crushing machine
CN201720243U (en) * 2010-05-11 2011-01-26 常州先进制造技术研究所 Kitchen waste disposal unit
CN201930821U (en) * 2010-12-29 2011-08-17 朱丽霞 Hammer mill
CN202893420U (en) * 2012-08-17 2013-04-24 北京时代桃源环境科技有限公司 Device for crushing, pulping and sorting kitchen wastes

Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6669125B1 (en) * 2001-08-22 2003-12-30 Dynacorp Engineering Inc. Solids reduction processor
CN201493154U (en) * 2009-08-26 2010-06-02 湖北环宇美环境工程有限公司 Food waste processor
CN201720243U (en) * 2010-05-11 2011-01-26 常州先进制造技术研究所 Kitchen waste disposal unit
CN201669132U (en) * 2010-05-26 2010-12-15 深圳市兖能环保科技有限公司 Vegetable kitchen garbage mixing and crushing machine
CN201930821U (en) * 2010-12-29 2011-08-17 朱丽霞 Hammer mill
CN202893420U (en) * 2012-08-17 2013-04-24 北京时代桃源环境科技有限公司 Device for crushing, pulping and sorting kitchen wastes

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Registration number: Y2022990000084

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Granted publication date: 20150909

Pledgee: Zhongguancun Beijing technology financing Company limited by guarantee

Pledgor: BEIJING FAIRYLAND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Registration number: Y2022990000084

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Denomination of invention: A device for crushing, pulping, and sorting kitchen waste

Granted publication date: 20150909

Pledgee: Zhongguancun Beijing technology financing Company limited by guarantee

Pledgor: BEIJING FAIRYLAND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

Registration number: Y2024990000043

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