CN103572018A - Quenching method of steel member - Google Patents
Quenching method of steel member Download PDFInfo
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- CN103572018A CN103572018A CN201310314249.5A CN201310314249A CN103572018A CN 103572018 A CN103572018 A CN 103572018A CN 201310314249 A CN201310314249 A CN 201310314249A CN 103572018 A CN103572018 A CN 103572018A
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- steel member
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/68—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment
- C21D1/70—Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment while heating or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a quenching method of a steel member, which can reduce the thermal treatment period of a series of the quenching process, and the deformation of the thermal treatment after the quenching is small. The quenching method of the steel member is that the graphite can be used to cover a part or the whole part of the steel member before the quenching heating process, and after the covering treatment, the covered steel member in a heating oven provided with a heating body can be heated to the quenching temperature, and then can be cooled. Preferably, the heating of a while during the heating process at the quenching temperature can be carried out in the vacuum or the decompression conditions. The covering process can be carried out, after the surface of the steel member is covered by the anti-carburizing agent and the decarburization agent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quenching method of steel member.
Background technology
To various steelworks and take such steel members such as steel work that mould, instrument be representative and carry out quench treatment, quench treatment is that this steel member is heated to after the state of austenite structure, carries out cooling processing.And, the means for heating steel member during to quenching temperature, profit with the following methods: the atmosphere gas importing in stove of take is medium, to the convective heating of steel member transferring heat; From various gamma ray sources (heating element) to steel member infrared radiation, by the infrared heating (patent documentation 1～4) of electromagnetic wave heating.
The situation of convective heating has the following advantages: for example can improve heating efficiency by pressurization atmosphere gas, shorten heating required time.On the other hand, according to the difference of the position in process furnace, the pressure of the gas of convection current, direction are different at each surperficial position of steel member, have the situation of generation non-uniform temperature (heating inhomogeneous) at each position of steel member.In addition, according to the shape of steel member, between its thick part and thin part, there is the inhomogeneous situation of the heating of producing.And inhomogeneous when obvious when this heating, when quench cooled, steel member can produce heat treatment deformation.
In the situation of infrared heating, because need not just can heat to importing gas in process furnace, so the heating that also can (be included in the situation under reduced atmosphere) in a vacuum, this situation is conducive to suppress the surface oxidation of steel member etc.
Patent documentation 4 Japanese kokai publication sho 61-253320 communiques
In the quench treatment of steel member, method during heating is used infrared heating to have many good qualities.But, even be generally considered to the infrared heating that heating efficiency is good, in the situation that have in the process furnace of heating element, heat steel member, can not get the heating efficiency that conforms to its effect, rate of heating is slow.Particularly, as radiogenic heating element, before heating up (be generally 600 ℃ of left and right before), few from the infrared rays amount of gamma ray source radiation, rate of heating is during this period just slow.
In addition, in the situation of infrared heating, because the infrared rays utilizing has directivity, so according to the difference of the position in process furnace, the surperficial angle relative from gamma ray source of steel member is different, so the energy that steel member absorbs is different at surperficial different sites.Its result is the same with the situation of convective heating, has at each position of steel member and produces the inhomogeneous situation of heating.And, when the steel member of the complicated shapes such as heating mould, sometimes because its shape to cause the temperature of thick part, the temperature of recess on surface is low, to produce heating inhomogeneous.As mentioned above, the heat treatment deformation that this heating is inhomogeneous while causing quench cooled.
In addition,, in the quench treatment of steel member, next the steel member that is heated to quenching temperature is cooled.And, the kind of method of cooling at this moment and above-mentioned heating means is irrelevant, and conventionally, or the cooling gas brushing after pressurization is implemented cooling, or immerse in the quenching mediums such as water, oil, various polymkeric substance, salt, implement cooling, or use the groove that flows (Japanese: stream Move groove) implement cooling.Wherein, use the method for cooling gas to have the effect of raising speed, different according to from the cooling gas way of contact, have the situation that produces cooling degree different (inhomogeneous cooling is even) at each position of steel member.In addition, because the recess part speed of cooling on the thick part at steel member, surface is slow, so this is also the even major cause of inhomogeneous cooling.To this, even if utilize, can to the surface of steel member, carry out the method for cooling dip quench agent, the method for the mobile groove of employing more equably, be also same.And, even when obvious when inhomogeneous cooling, at cooled steel member, produce large heat treatment deformation.
Summary of the invention
The quenching method that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of steel member, this quenching method can shorten the heat treatment cycle (Japanese: ヒ ー ト サ イ ク ル Time Inter) of a series of quenching process, and the heat treatment deformation after quenching is little.
Most of machined grade in surface for the steel member that quenches is finish-machined to the surface with metalluster.Therefore, the infrared radiation rate on surface is low, can not make full use of the effect of infrared heating.Therefore, about for improving the method for this infrared radiation rate, the inventor has done research.Consequently, found most suitable for improving the method for this infrared radiation rate, thereby not only can improve rate of heating and speed of cooling while quenching, and also can suppress inhomogeneous and even the caused heat treatment deformation of inhomogeneous cooling of the above-mentioned heating that caused by shapes such as the thick part of steel member, recesses, thereby realize the present invention.
Namely, the present invention is a kind of quenching method of steel member, it is characterized in that, with graphite, cover surperficial part or all of the heating steel member before that quenches, after carrying out such covering processing, in having the process furnace of heating element, the steel member after this covering is processed is heated to quenching temperature, then cooling.And, preferably, to the heating of at least for some time in the heat-processed of above-mentioned quenching temperature, in vacuum or reduced atmosphere, carry out.
In the present invention, above-mentioned covering is processed and can after the surface coverage anti-carburizer to steel member or anti-decarburizer, be carried out.
According to the present invention, by simple method, can shorten the heat-up time that is heated to quenching temperature.And, can reduce the heating producing inhomogeneous in steel member.And, in ensuing quench cooled, also can shorten cooling time, and it is even also can to reduce inhomogeneous cooling.Like this, as the practical approach that can shorten the heat treatment cycle of a series of quenching process and can dwindle the heat treatment deformation after quenching, be useful.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 means in the quenching method of the inventive example and comparative example, in stove the temperature of the central part of temperature and steel member along with the figure of the variation of the heat-up time in heat-processed.
Fig. 2 means in the quenching method of the inventive example and comparative example, in stove the temperature of the central part of temperature and steel member along with the figure of the variation of the cooling time in process of cooling.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention is, by easy method, pre-treatment is carried out in the surface of the steel member before heating that quenches, even thereby the infrared heating oven of the prior aries such as resistance heading furnace is not done to change, also can make the steel member integrated in heat-processed evenly and in short time reach quenching temperature.And, by above-mentioned processing, in the process of the quench cooled that makes in all sorts of ways, can both make steel member integrated even and cooling at short notice.Below, each technical characterictic of the present invention is described.
(1) cover processing, with graphite, cover surperficial part or all of the heating steel member before that quenches.
The in the situation that of infrared heating, the condition of surface that its heating efficiency is heated object is large impact very.And when being heated the surperficial infrared radiation rate of object when low, from the infrared energy of gamma ray source radiation, the little energy that heating target thing absorbs, reaches Heating temperature required time long relatively.So-called infrared radiation rate refers to, be to using to absorb the index that can evaluate actual " the heating easness " that be heated object from " perfect black body " of whole infrared energies of gamma ray source radiation as benchmark, be expressed as the infrared ray absorption amount of perfect black body is made as to ratio (being less than 1) and infrared ray absorption amount perfect black body at 1 o'clock.So if the surface of the steel member quenching such as having metalluster as the goods such as mould, infrared radiation rate is at this moment 0.05～0.3 left and right, lower, ultrared heating efficiency is poor.Therefore, in practice, the quenching heating with the steel member of metal glossy surface has been applied by the importings convective heating that atmosphere gas carries out afterwards of pressurizeing.And, when this convective heating, also use together the effect of infrared heating, but infrared heating is now a small amount of.
Therefore, the inventor has studied the method that improves the surperficial infrared radiation rate of steel member.Material that can absorbing radiation heat in the surface coverage of steel member found that, if can effectively improve the infrared radiation rate of this part.And, above-mentioned can the material of absorbing radiation heat in, the very high material of infrared radiation rate that graphite is itself.Like this, the inventor finds, if at the surface coverage graphite of steel member, even if it is a small amount of overlay capacity, also have the effect of the surperficial infrared radiation rate that improves steel member.Therefore, in the present invention, cover processing, with graphite, cover surperficial part or all of the heating steel member before that quenches.
The surperficial infrared radiation rate of various members, except being formed the impact of kind of material of this member itself, is also subject to the impact of its surfaceness.And the in the situation that of steel member, its surface is generally finish-machined to the metal glossy surface with various surfacenesses through the various mechanical workout such as grinding, grinding.In the present invention, even under these circumstances, by being used as the graphite of the material that infrared radiation rate is higher than this surface, cover the surface with metalluster of the heating steel member before that quenches, can improve so the surperficial infrared radiation rate of steel member.And, from the heating initial stage of (ultrared radiation quantity fully increase before) before heating up as radiogenic heating element, can access the effect that shortens fully heat-up time.
Above-mentioned covering of the present invention is processed and can on the whole surface of steel member, be carried out, also can be only at the position etc. of wanting to improve infrared radiation rate, carry out part as required.In general, it is slow that the recess on the thick part of steel member, surface is partly compared other the heat-up rate in position when heating.Its result if with respect to the quenching temperature of target, produces heating inhomogeneous, the major cause of heat treatment deformation when this also may become quench cooled between each position.In addition, the cooling rate of the slow position of heat-up rate when cooling is also slow during above-mentioned heating.Like this, also become the even major cause of generation inhomogeneous cooling when cooling, likely encourage heat treatment deformation.Under these circumstances, by only above-mentioned heating and cooling slow part being covered to processing, can alleviate heating inhomogeneous and inhomogeneous cooling is even, by the integral body heating of steel member, be cooled to uniform temperature.
About the covering method of graphite, so long as can, in the method for the surface adhesion graphite of steel member, not limit its kind.And, also can be coated with, spray the solvent that contains graphite.At this moment in solvent, for example can utilize graphite is antireflection agent, graphite base lubricant.In addition, about the overlay capacity of graphite, for example, as long as reach desired infrared radiation rate (, if reach more than 0.5 infrared radiation rate described later) in the surface part that is coated with graphite, do not limit overlay capacity.Therefore as mentioned above, the very high material of infrared radiation rate that graphite is itself, even a small amount of overlay capacity is also improved the effect of infrared radiation rate.And in the present invention, particularly in the situation that have the surperficial of metalluster as the steel member of quenching object, above-mentioned covering is processed can bring into play effect.
And above-mentioned covering is processed and is preferably, the infrared radiation rate of surface part in the time of 200 ℃ that be coated with graphite of take covers graphite as more than 0.5 mode.The value of the infrared radiation rate about can obtain the effect of sufficient shortening heat-up time on the surface that is coated with the steel member of graphite time, the inventor has also done investigation.At this moment, the shortening effect of so-called heat-up time, refers to as the rate of heating of 1000 ℃ of left and right of common quenching temperature fast.Like this, the inventor finds, the infrared radiation rate of measuring when the degree of this effect can be with heating steel member to 200 ℃ is evaluated as index.And, the result of investigation is: the inventor finds, for improving above-mentioned rate of heating, preferably when the surface coverage graphite to steel member, so that being more than 0.5 mode when being heated to 200 ℃, the value of the infrared radiation rate of the surface part after the covering of steel member covers.More preferably, take the value of above-mentioned infrared radiation rate covers as more than 0.6 mode.
For the value of more than 0.5 above-mentioned infrared radiation rate, for example, can, by the surface with metalluster at steel member, not have the uniform mode of color spot (shade) to cover graphite thickness extremely to a certain degree, adjust.At this moment, state coating, the spraying with the solvent that contains graphite can effectively reach the above-mentioned uniform covering that there is no color spot (shade) for the graphite covering.
(2) the steel member having carried out after above-mentioned covering is processed is heated to quenching temperature in having the process furnace of heating element.
The heating that above-mentioned steel member is heated to quenching temperature in the present invention can be carried out according to usual method.At this moment as long as the process furnace using is for having the common process furnace for the heating of quenching of the various heating elements such as metallic heating body, silicon carbide heater.And, for example, before heating element heats up (effect of infrared heating improve before) during, in order further to guarantee heating efficiency etc., also can in stove, import atmosphere gas etc.In this case, hankered the effect that convective heating performance is larger, also generation effect of infrared heating adding of steel member.So, if of the present invention, on surface, carried out covering the situation of the steel member that the covering of graphite processes, because the temperature from as radiogenic heating element starts just can utilize to greatest extent the effect of infrared heating now low time, therefore, the shortening for the required heat treatment cycle of a series of thermal treatment is favourable.
On the other hand, conventionally, in the adding of steel member with metal glossy surface, hanker, in order to prevent that surface from producing oxide skin, decarburization etc. at this moment, the main flow of this heating is to carry out in a vacuum or in reduced atmosphere.In this case, owing to not importing atmosphere gas energetically in stove, the heating of steel member only depends on the effect of infrared heating.So, if steel member of the present invention, even if only utilize infrared heating, also can high-level efficiency heat, so can be vacuum or reduced atmosphere in process furnace, be conducive to prevent from adding surface oxidation, the decarburization of the steel member of hankering.Therefore,, in situation of the present invention, preferably to the heating of at least for some time in the heat-processed of above-mentioned quenching temperature, in vacuum or reduced atmosphere, carry out.For example, and preferably, even as stated above etc., in the situation that the initial stage of heating imports atmosphere gas in stove, also after heating element heats up, (, in stove, temperature reaches after 500～900 ℃) becomes vacuum or reduced atmosphere in by stove.
(3) the cooling steel member that has been heated to above-mentioned quenching temperature.
The inhomogeneous cooling even inhibition of the quenching method of steel member of the present invention during to quench cooled also produces effect.The surface of the object that namely, infrared radiation rate is high is heating and easily cooling easily.So, if of the present invention, carried out covering the surface of the steel member that the covering of graphite processes, while heating, can heat up rapidly and can lower the temperature rapidly when cooling, therefore the integral body of cooling steel member equably.And, the slow part of cooling rate when the slow part of heat-up rate during heating is also cooling (, the recess part on the thick part of steel member, surface), therefore, for inhomogeneous and only carried out covering of the present invention in above-mentioned part and processed in order to alleviate heating, it is even that result can also alleviate inhomogeneous cooling, equably the integral body of cooling steel member.And this result can suppress the heat treatment deformation that cooled steel member occurs.
(4) be preferably, above-mentioned covering is processed after the surface coverage anti-carburizer of steel member or anti-decarburizer and is carried out.
For covering of the present invention, process, for example in the situation that the surface coverage of steel member graphite, from being heated to cooling operation, may there is carburizing due to graphite in this capped surface.Here, the surface coverage anti-carburizer by covering the steel member before processing, can prevent carburizing.But the surface that covers anti-carburizer is not limited to next will carry out the part of covering processing of the present invention, also can be at the surface coverage anti-carburizer of wanting to prevent carburizing.As anti-carburizer, can use various anti-carburizers that use or known in thermal treatment in the past.
In addition, if be oxidizing atmosphere in process furnace, the surface of steel member may decarburization.At this moment, at the anti-decarburizer of surface coverage that covers the steel member before processing, be resultful.But the surface that covers anti-decarburizer is not limited to next will carry out the part of covering processing of the present invention, also can be at the anti-decarburizer of surface coverage of wanting to prevent decarburization.As anti-decarburizer, can use various anti-decarburizer that use in thermal treatment in the past or known.
embodiment
The 150mm of the hot working tool steel of the SKD61 of preparation JIS standard
3module component.Then, by Milling Process, its all faces are processed into and have metalluster, as the steel member for quenching.Next, surperficial part or all to these steel members, with visual inspection, less than the degree of color spot, spray equably the fines that contains graphite antireflection agent for known laser processing (ProductName: Block ラ ッ Network ガ ー De ス プ レ ー [Off ァ イ Application ケ ミ カル ジャパン Co., Ltd. ］), thereby be coated with, carried out covering and processed.Coverage condition is as shown in table 1, has following two kinds of conditions: all faces to module component are coated with (No.1); Leave two relative faces, the central part of four remaining sides take round-shaped (radius is 75mm) be coated with (No.2).
Next, steel member above-mentioned carried out to cover the surface of processing and does not cover processing and still with the surface measurement of metalluster the infrared radiation rate in the time of 200 ℃.First the surface that electricity consumption heater heats will be measured, with contact thermometer and radiation thermometer (ProductName: T425(detects wavelength region 7.5um～13um) [Off リ ア ー システム ズ company]) two kinds of thermometers have measured surface temperature now.Then, take the surface temperature that records at the contact thermometer temperature that radiation thermometer represents while reaching 200 ℃ also regulates the setting radiant ratio of radiation thermometer, infrared radiation rate when radiant ratio is now 200 ℃ for this surface as the mode of 200 ℃.And the result of measurement is, the carrying out of steel member to cover the surperficial infrared radiation rate of processing be 0.62, and be 0.25 with the surface of metalluster.
Then, by having carried out steel member No.1, No.2 that above-mentioned covering processes, do not put in the process furnace with heating element together with carrying out the steel member No.3 of metal glossy surface of any covering processing, carried out cooling after heating to quenching temperature, heating.At this moment, at the central part of steel member, be inserted with thermopair, with temperature that can measuring center portion.Process furnace can regulate furnace atmosphere, pressure, also has after heating and carries out cooling refrigerating function by brushing cooling gas.
The order of heating is that first making in stove is vacuum for the time being, afterwards, imports nitrogen, in being forced into the nitrogen of 200kPa, has implemented heating.Then, when temperature arrives 800 ℃ in stove, maintain for the time being temperature in this stove, when the temperature of the central part of steel member arrives 800 ℃, stop importing nitrogen.Then, make decompression in stove, in decompression, under the condition of 70Pa left and right, implemented heating, until make temperature in stove reach 1020 ℃.In Fig. 1, represent the variation of the temperature of the central part of temperature (furnace temperature) and steel member in stove at this moment with heat-up time.Then, in stove, temperature reaches after 1020 ℃, and the temperature of having measured the central part of steel member reaches 1010 ℃ of required times (time of lag during heating).
Next, cooling order is, after temperature in stove being remained on to the state of 1020 ℃, imports nitrogen, first the complete cycle of steel member brushed to the nitrogen 15 minutes that is forced into 200kPa.Then, and then, the pressure of rising nitrogen carries out cooling to 400kPa.Now the temperature of the central part of temperature (furnace temperature) and steel member is with the variation of cooling time as shown in Figure 2 in stove.Then, measured from cooling beginning and reached 520 ℃ of required times (half cooling time) to the temperature of the central part of steel member, and measured the heat treatment deformation amount that the steel member after cooling completing produces (surface of the steel member that can measure while ruler being put in the surperficial maximum diagonal of steel member and the gap value between ruler)
Table 1
Surperficial part or all of steel member carried out covering the No.1, the No.2 that process and do not covered with surface the No.3 processing and compare, and the infrared radiation rate of part of having carried out covering processing is high.And in when heating, the steel member of No.1, No.2 starts heat-up rate fast (Fig. 1) from the initial stage of heating, and be considered to the slow central part of heat-up rate, reach the required time of quenching temperature and greatly shortened than No.3.In addition, when cooling, generally need also to have shortened the cooling time of cooling high-temperature area rapidly.And in No.1, No.2, the whole surface of steel member has all been carried out covering the No.1 processing the shortening of heat treatment cycle has been had to effect especially.And in the steel member of No.1, No.2, its cooled heat treatment deformation amount also suppresses littlely, compares and is improved with No.3.
In addition, the No.2 that a part (leave relative two faces and central part in four remaining sides be coated with toroidal (radius 75mm)) of whole surface all having been carried out covering the No.1 that processes and effects on surface has carried out covering processing compares, and No.2 can suppress littlely by heat treatment deformation amount.For the situation of block steel member, the heat-up rate of the heat-up rate during heating in bight when cooling (cooling rate) during than the heating of other parts when cooling (cooling rate) is fast.Therefore, avoid this bight, the slow part of the heat-up rate in when heating when cooling (cooling rate) is covered to processing, the heat treatment deformation that the difference of the heat-up rate in the time of can further suppressing the local heating due to steel member when cooling (cooling rate) causes.
Claims (3)
1. a quenching method for steel member, is characterized in that,
With graphite, cover surperficial part or all of steel member before the heating of quenching, carry out after such covering processes, in thering is the process furnace of heating element, the steel member after this covering processing being heated to quenching temperature, then cooling.
2. the quenching method of steel member according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Heating at least for some time in the heat-processed of above-mentioned quenching temperature is carried out in vacuum or reduced atmosphere.
3. the quenching method of steel member according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Above-mentioned covering is processed and is carried out after the surface coverage anti-carburizer to steel member or anti-decarburizer.
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| JP6972640B2 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2021-11-24 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Heat treatment method |
| JP6681797B2 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2020-04-15 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Method of heating object to be treated, method of heat treatment of object to be treated, method of heat treatment of steel sheet, and heat-acceleration coating layer |
| CN109252023B (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2020-08-11 | 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 | Method for heating part local quenching based on fluidized graphite particle furnace |
| CN109517964A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-26 | 宁波合力模具科技股份有限公司 | A kind of mold vacuum heat treatment anti-deformation method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106987686B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| JP2014040657A (en) | 2014-03-06 |
| CN106987686A (en) | 2017-07-28 |
| JP6311955B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
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